Komparatyvni frontyry: svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Ukrainian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Kyïv
Krytyka
2015
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | 373 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9789668978876 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV043720333 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20160901 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 160816s2015 a||| |||| 00||| ukr d | ||
| 020 | |a 9789668978876 |9 978-966-8978-87-6 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)957491072 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV043720333 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a ukr | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 | ||
| 084 | |a 7,41 |2 ssgn | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Čornovol, Ihor Pavlovyč |d 1966- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1016653808 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Komparatyvni frontyry |b svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis |c Ihor Čornovol |
| 246 | 1 | 1 | |a The frontier thesis |
| 264 | 1 | |a Kyïv |b Krytyka |c 2015 | |
| 300 | |a 373 Seiten |b Illustrationen | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 546 | |a Text ukrainisch, Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache | ||
| 546 | |b Kyrillische Schrift | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Frontier |g Motiv |0 (DE-588)4624753-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Ukraine |0 (DE-588)4061496-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Ukraine |0 (DE-588)4061496-7 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Frontier |g Motiv |0 (DE-588)4624753-1 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Geschichte |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029132406 | ||
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 900 |e 22/bsb |g 181 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 900 |e 22/bsb |g 477 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804176512044236800 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | 3míct
BcTyn...............................................................
IIOHHTTfl ^pOHTHpy B M0B3X Iiaponili CB¡Ty......................
«HayKOBi Kop.ionH» jiopqa Kep30Ha.........................
JIímh CiapoaaBHboro PHMy.....................................
CepeAHbOBÍMHi (JjpOHTHpH..................................
yKpai Ha, Ilojibma, Poda..................................
HacTHHa I
TeopiH 4 poHTupy
1. OpeaepHK fljKeKCOH Tepnep i KOHueimia 4 poHTHpy..............
OopMYBaHHH cBiTorjiaay Ta inedia crianiuHiia..............
KpHTHKa Te3H TepHepa......................................
2. Ieorpa } ÍH (jjpoHrapy Ta ii nioHepH........................
Teopia Mirpauii Icaí EoBMena..............................
OBeH JlaTHMop.............................................
Pax Sínica................................................
MoHrojiia hk locus classicus..............................
3. Te3a Be6a, Bíjimim I apai MaicHiji i CrenoBHH J poHTHp EBponH
Bojuep IlpecKOT Be6.......................................
BeJIHKHH (jjpOHTHp........................................
KpHTHKa Te3H Be6a.........................................
BijibHM Tapd MaKHiji......................................
CrenoBHH (JtpoHrap EBponn.................................
HacTHHa II
KoMiiapaTHBHHH ndxü
1. IcTOpiorpa } ifl JlaraHCbKOí AMepHKH i «Te3a Eo/iTOHa».......
Te3a BoHTOHa.................................................
IcTopiorpa4»ÍH............................................
Mi* HaqioHajiÍ3MOM i KaynHJiÍ3MOM.........................
2. MannpiBHi MeTponojiii. IcTopiorpaij)ÍH KaHa.au..............
IcTOpifl..................................................
IcTopiorpa j)ÍH...........................................
9
19
20
22
23
25
33
33
41
51
51
55
58
61
63
63
65
67
69
71
77
77
83
85
89
89
91
5
3j iicm
3. ABCTpaJliHCbKHH j)pOHTHp.................................................................... 99
IcTopia.................................................................................... 99
IcTopiorpacJua.............................................................................102
4. OpOHTHpH Pocil............................................................................. 111
AMepHKaHCbKa icTopiorpatjria.............................................................. Ill
PociHCbKa icTopiorpa^ia................................................................... 119
5. Cepe^HbOBHHi j)pOHTHpH Ta MO^epHi KOp^OHH.................................................. 131
«Teopia repMiB» i /^ceHMC BecT(J)OJi ToMncoH...............................................131
IcnaHCbKi BnjiHBH Ta aMepmcancbica icTOpiorpa j)iji........................................133
BpmaHCbKa icTopiorpa(J)iii 1990-x......................................................... 141
6. JUmh CrapotfaBHboro PHMy.....................................................................147
AMepHKaHCbKa icTopiorpa(j)m................................................................147
flHCKycia npo «BejiHKy CTpaTeriio» PHMCbKoi iMnepii........................................154
7. ^HCKypc K0Ji0Hi3aaii, Teopin (J)poHTHpy Ta icTopiorpa^in YKpaiHH............................ 163
flHCKypc KOJiOHi3aiiii i Te3a npo OpoHTHp b icTopiorpa(f)ii YKpaiHH ao 1991 p..............163
AMepHKaHCbKa icTopiorpa^ia................................................................ 173
CynacHa yKpamcbKa icTopiorpa(J)iH......................................................... 179
BacTHHa III
IlepcneKTHBH 3acTOcyBaHHH Teopii j)poHTHpy ao icTopii YKpaiHH
(jia6opaTopi« icTopiiKa KOMnaparaBHHX (J)pOHTHpiB)
1. CBiTOBi aHaJIOTH K03aqTBa B nOpiBHHJIbHOMy KOHTCKCTi................................ 191
Bia CTapo^aBHboro PHMy ao IcnaMy..................................................193
OrenoBHH OpoHTHp EBponn: Vojna Krajina Ta K03aqbKHH none..........................197
KobGoi, MapyHH Ta GaHAenpaHTH..................................................210
2. CraTb Ha ^poHTHpi.................................................................... 223
BiAOBa flaceHH Ta mini, Kthkh Ha (f poHTHpax AMepHKH.............................225
«CnaBa - Ka3anbH, a )KH3Hb - coGanba». ToMac BapeT npo TepcbKHX K03aKiB i K03anoK.231
3. Pejiiria Ta Kyjibrypa Ha (j)poHTHpi..............................................237
3aBOK)BaHH^ Paio: KyjibTypa Ta «CBaiqeHHa BiiiHa»........................ 239
YKpaiHCbKHH KOHTeKCT...................................................... 246
4. OpoHTHp - iAeHTHHHicTb - HaqioHajii3M............................................253
HaqioHajii3M, OpeAcpHK /JaceKCOH TepHep i Obch JIaTHMop........................254
Hh 3aB KAH OpoHTHp CTHMyniOBaB cenapaTH3M:
a^pHKaHCbKi njieMeHa i aHTpononomHHH niAxiA Iropa KomrroBa.....................256
«Chhapom KyAexpa» i po3AepTe cyMJiiHiw yKpa mqiB............................. 259
Bhchobkh............................................................................265
IIpHMiTKH......................................................................... 281
EiGiiiorpatjua............................,............................................309
Qihcok ijnocTpaqiH..................................................................335
IIoKaHCHHK..........................................................................349
Summary............................................................................ 367
ÏIOKaVKHHK
AGepHeri, ToMac 44,265
A6pey, )KyaH KanicrpaHy ni 83,212,220
AßCTpank, AßCTpaÄbKHH Cok)3 11, 13, 16, 45,
54, 67, 72, 85, 95, 99, 100-109, 186, 252, 270,
291-294, 307
AßCTpin, ABCTpiñcbKa iMnepk, ABCTpo-YropmHHa
28, 71,74,113,173,198,200,203,204,244,267,
303; ähb. TaKCXHC Bepxim AßCTpin, Hidkhh Aßcrrpm
Areeß, A. fl. jxm. Areeß, AjieKcamip
Areeß, B^ecjiaß 302
Areeß, Ajieiccannp 123,124,126,296
AjjaMC, repöepT BaKcrep 38,131,132,297
Anenaina, M. 102,103,105
AnpniH, ÍMnepaTOp 152
AapkHiß Ban 22,23,158
AnpiflHoncm (EnnpHe) 159,198
AnpinTHMHe Mope 179,198,199
Asín 14, 55, 56,60,67,72,139,142
A30B, m. 117,261,306
AKBiHKyM jxm. Eyaaneiirr
AK-Menerb (CHM^eponojib), m. 172
AKpa, m. 144,244
AnaôaMa, uiTaT 44
Ajiôepra, npoBÎHuia 85,91,216
AneK3eHnep, Open 102-104,106,108,109,270,293
AneKcaHnp MaKencmcbKHH, MaKenoHCbKnn uap 72,
241,303
AneH, BijibHM OpeHCHC 34-36,131,147
AneH, Tapi KpeHÖpyx 106,294
AnncHp 256
Annexa, n-B 163,164
anb-KaMinb, enineTCbKHH cynran 242, 243
Ajimih, ropw 150
Ajii 4 ohco VI XopoGpHH, Kopojib JleoHy i Kacmmï
243
Awa30HKa, p. 217
AMepHKa 9,10,13,39,40,45,66-68, 73, 77-82,84,
87, 89,99, 101,111,133-136,145,150, 160,163,
165,167,175, 181,193, 210, 225, 240, 267, 275,
281, 282, 284, 287-294, 296-298, 305
AMepHKaHcbKHH 3axin ahb. 3axin CILLA i Ahkhh
3axin (CHIA)
AMina, m. 158
AMcrepnaM, m. 55
AMypCbKe K03aabKe BincbKO 209
AH-Ap6op, m. 45
AHaTonk, n-B 195,259
Ahtjiíh 38, 39, 131, 137, 138, 227, 290; n,HB. Taicc»K
BpHTaHin, BejiHKa EpnTaHin
AHnajiy3bKa pißHHHa 136
Ahah, ropH 53,216
Ahtoxí, CopHH 17
AneHiHCbKMH n-B 149
ApaôcbKHH xani(j)aT 194
ApreHTHHa 83,85, 86,141,149, 213-215,275, 305
ApH30Ha, turar 112,210
ApHCTorejib 242
ApKani», Kpan 27
ApJimrroH, m. 69
Acnpifl 29
AcTpaxaHCbKe Kosaubice BincbKO 209
Acrpaxanb, m. 112
AniaHTHHHe y36epeaoKH (Cxinne yaôepenoKa, Cxin
C1IJA) 9,38,39,65,131 ; ma. Taxonc HoBa AhdiBî
ATJiaHTHHHHH OKeaH 61
A(j)raHÍCTaH 20,60
A^pnxa 54,67,73,85,240,252,254,256,257,258,
278
AxMen I, TypenbKHH cynTan 238
Barajiin, flMHTpo 167,168, 181, 186, 264, 274, 301,
303
349
TlOKÜDfCHUK
Ear^a^M. 158
EañT-flAcam, c. 144
EajiKaHH 170, 179,192, 198,206,247,248,250
EajiTHKa (EajiTÍHCbKe HaAMOpk) 67,197,244
EajiTHMOp, M. 11,35, 51, 53,54,266
EajiTiöcbKe Mope 242
EajiTÍHCbKe HaAMop’a ahb. Eajroiica
Eajiap, Miinejib 141
EajibKÍK í6h fl Ka6ry, ory3bKHH Barajóte 208
EaHar, Kpaii 205
EaHflc, M. 144
Eap, M. 264
EapaK, BijibSM 240
EapaHOBHH, OjieKciH 300
EapßiHCbKHH, EorAaH 283
EapeT, ToMac M. 115, 116, 118, 223, 231-234, 28J,
285, 294, 306
Eacajiaeßa, Ipma 126,296
Earopi, vKimoHA ahb. ^Chímoha Eaiopi
Earopiñ, CreijmH ahb. CTe j)aH Earopiñ
Ea(j)ajio Ein (Bíabam «DpeAepHK KoaO 10,11,21, 40,
148,163,164,225,281,284,287
EaxMan, m. 246
EaxHHcapañ, m. 247
BeA^er, Bojrrep 37
EeAHHeK, Poh 69
EencHH, MapK 113-115,295
Eeicep, Kapji 69,289
Eejirpaß ahb. CHHrinyH
EejisyHAe, Biicrop 83,29]
EenbriñcbKe KoHto ahb. KoHro (fleMOKpamHHa Pec-
nyÖJiiKa Konto)
Eejibm 101,134
EeHKpo4 T, r’ioöepT Taß 78
EeHOH, fl)KOH OpeHCHC 81, 82,290
Eeper Cjtohoboï Kíctkh (Kot A’Ißyap) 256
EepKe, xaH 3ojiotoï OpAH 250
EepKJii, M. 13, 78,79
EepjiiH (KimeHep), m. 51
EepHajib, EpaKJiio 211
EepHC, PooepT Iraariyc 139-141,145,272,292, 294,
298, 307
Eepr, Aii(J)peA 92,262,292, 294
Eecapaök, xpañ 112
EeTJieH, laöop ahb. Faöop EerjieH
EirepcTaiJ), Hanr 51
EiAOBa flaceim (MapTa flaceiiH KeHepi) 225, 228,
306
Eíahh, flMHTpo 186, 187,274,303
Eíaíhitoh, Peil AjieH 19, 33, 36-38,41,45-49, 132,
224,265,282, 284-287, 294, 297, 306
Bijiopycb 117,171
EipA, HapJi3 Octhh 42,43,265
Eixan, M. 202,304
EimKO, *lapA3 flacyniaH 135,136,137,138,139,140,
145,272,297,298,304
EjiaKHTHi ropH 99, 104
EjiH3bKHH Cxía 72,138,242,244
Ejtok, AjieKcaHAp 111
EjiyMÍHlTOH, M. 177
Eo6ojm, cb. Aha^h 246
Eoöpoß, fl. C. 297
EoBMeH, Icaa 12, 15, 43, 51-54, 57, 58, 62, 65, 95,
266.281, 286, 287, 288, 289
Bot, AAaH fl)KOpA)K 33,284, 285, 287, 288
EoArapia 23,117,141,202,303, 304
EoAißap, Chmoh 217
Eonißapcbica PecnyöJiiKa ahb. BeHecyejia
Eoatoh, FepöepT IOa^chh 13, 15, 42, 77-85, 87, 88,
163.269.281, 285, 290, 291, 306
Eojtxobítíhob, HiKonañ 121,122,296
Boh (BoHa), m. 152
Eohjiah, ImoM JleBacep Ae 14,173,281, 301
Eopmax, iAbKO 52,287
Eocojii, Kapno 172
Eoctoh, m. 65,264
Eoyoaep, M. 48,118
EoHKaï, IiHTBaH ahb. IniTBaH EoHKa i
EpasHAk 83,84,86,87,135,210,212,215,219,220,
275
EpaHAT, K)3e j 175
EparacAaBa, m. 200
Epayep, Paa J 194-196,283, 304, 307
EpayH, Keifr 12
EpanaaBCbKe bogboactbo 25,27
EpeÖHep, A koh EapTAer 96,283
EpeñcBeA, KeTpHH 193
EpexyHeHKO, Biicrop 180, 183-187, 192, 239, 249,
274,303, 306, 307
EpHCÓeim, m. 102
EpHTaHk 22,23,135,152,154,158,297; ahb. takojk
Ahtaw, BeAHKa EpHTama
EpHTaHCbKa KoAyMÖk 216
EpHTaHCbKa CnÍBApy KHÍCTb 102
Epi, ííoraH TeoAop Ae 227
EpoACAb, (£ epHaH 70,290
EpoAH, m. 12, 52
EpIOXOBHHi, CeAHlAe 17
350
IÎOKaOiCHUK
Eyaaneiin (Akbíhkym), m. 16, 17, 23, 74, 119, 152,
158
Eyaacaic, Kpañ 117
ByeHoc-Aöpec, m. 134
ByKOBHHa, Kpafí 163,164, 264,300
BynaHHH, 296
Eypca, m. 248
BaBHJioH, uapCTBO 29
Baftiep, BkbrejibM IeHpixoBÍH 123
Bain, Pimpa 48,49,281, 284, 285, 287
Baxo, m. 71
BajieHck, KopojiiBCTBO 140,145,298
BajieHck, m. 244
Bajiioa, (J)paHity3í,Ka KopojiÍBCBKa AHHacrk 23
BamcyBep, m. 69,96
BamcyBep, o. 77
Bapa^HH, M. 200
Bapra, BeaTa 304
Baprac, )KeTyjibHO flopHejitec 220
BapmaBa,M. 73,112,144
BaCHJliñ III, BeJÏHKHH KHH3b MOCKOBCbKHH 262
BaniHHrroH, flacopOT 33
BaiHHHiTOH, M. 55,78,210
BaniHHrroH, inTax 58,112,128,271
Be6, BojiTep IIpecKor 15,43,45, 63-69, 71-74, 94,
113, 133, 137, 138, 159, 170, 174, 181, 183, 192,
259, 265-267, 269, 285, 286, 289, 292, 294, 297,
302
Be6ep, fleñBÍA 80,82,285, 290-292, 305
BejiHKa EpHTank 14, 16, 21, 38, 55, 58, 84, 90, 91,
93, 95, 96, 99, 100, 102, 103, 111, 145, 150, 156,
240,272,288, 290; ahb. Taico K AHmk, Epinank
BejiHKa EBpa3ÍñcbKapÍBHHHa 71,113,139,174
BeJIHKe KHH3ÍBCTBO JÍHTOBCbKe 26, 250
BeJIHKHH KaHbHOH 230
BejiHKHH CTen 56,58,59; ahb. Tarros flHKe none
BejiHKi 03epa 97
BenHHKO, CaMiiÍJio 249
Bene, Kpañ 24,99,100, 108
BeH, riojib 147,299
BeHecyejia 86,210,216,217,275
BeHenk, M. 119,198,202,203,268
BeHHO (Bmrojibn) (})oh Popöax, bcjihkhh Maricrp
OpueHy MenoHOCiíiB 244
Bemypi, OpaHKO 264
Bep, Ilepn Ae 228
Beprijiin, IIy6nÍHjVlapoH 150
BepeiHHHCbKHH, ÍIocH(j) 26
BepniHACH, Illapjib 134,145,272,297
BepMeHH1!, üpocjiaBa 17
BepH, )Kyjib Iaöpiejib 35
BepxHa (Biiyipiimni) Aßcrpk, repnorcTBO 198,204
Becr-lHßk 136
Be^HHCKi, J yK03Q§ 114,116,295
BHHOKyp, IoaH 281, 282, 301
BHinHeBeiíLKHH (BaH^a), ^MHTpo, Kirnt 262
BiAeHb (BÍHAo6oHa), m. 152,198,267
BÍ3aHTÍñcbKa ÍMnepk (BÍ3aHTk, ÍMnepk poMei ß) 28,
119, 135, 137, 141, 160, 194, 195, 196 199, 239,
247,275,304
BiñcbKO 3anopo3bKe 117, 223, 235, 247, 249; ahb.
xaK02K 3anopo^öKH
BiMcbKOBHH KopAOH (ABCTpmcbKa ÍMnepk) 24,
119, 142, 179, 180,192, 198, 200, 201, 203-205,
268, 303, 331; ahb. tokouk Krabatische Graeniz,
Windische Graeniz
Biiüiep, AeH 17
Biicropk, iirrax 102,106
Binep, EßepeT 160,161,282, 300
Bíjicoh, Ehapk) 279
Bíjicoh, JIy3eHa Cremii 229
Bíjicoh, ToMac Byapo 9,13,35,36,51,52
Bíjitoh, m. 78
Bum, IlaHHO 211
BÍMÍHauiiOM, M. 23,158
BiHAOÖoHa ahb. BkeHb
BipA^cHHk, linar 11,43,77,227
BipMeHCbKe uapcTBo 158
Bíckohchh, nnar 19,33-35,42,45,78,91,147,148,
228,269
Bhaicep, Hapjis 15, 22, 23, 156-162, 273, 274, 282,
300
BÍTTO(J)ejib, Kapji AßrycT 57,58
BheK, riaynb 194,248
BnaAHCJiaB IV Ba3a, nojibCbKHH Kopojib, bcjihkhh
KHSGb JIHTOBCbKHH 238
BnyipiuiHn Aßcrpk ahb. Bepxim Aßcrpk
BHyTpiimw MoHrojik 62,116
Bohtobhh, JleOHTÍH 17
Bojira, p. 112,183,192
BojiHHb, Kpañ 25,264
BoJIOCbKe KHH3ÍBCTBO (BojiouiHHa) 71,117,201
BopA, Paceji BpeAOK 105,294
BopOHOK, m. 232,301
Bopcrep, floHajia 48,293
Byji(J), EpHK 82
ByrnJ), Jlapi 12,264,308
351
TlOKOOiCHUK
Faöcöypm, Kopojiißcbica Ta ÍMneparopcbica ßHHacm
202,203,206,268,303,308
TaBaHCbKi ocrpoBH 86,210
TafeH, MapK ¿oh 17
Tam (EcnaHbHojia), o. 217
Tañ^a, JIioóoMHp 17
raira, Poöepr 77,290, 306
FajieHKo, OjieKcaimp 17,27,283
Fajiep, Kteecj) 52
rauHHHHa, Kpaw 13,40, 52,163,180,263,264, 278,
279
FajmepuH, Hapjn 295
Tarace, Jlbioic 80-82,291
FaHcew, Mapicyc Jli 96,293
FaHTHHiroH, TeHpi E^ßap^c 35,37,45
FaHTMHiTOH, Ejicßopr 55, 56
Tapnep, HopMaH 103,104,293
Tapr^opa, m. 154
Tereub, Ieopr BüibrejibM Opraipwx 71
Fejieñ, CrenaH 285
TeJieHa, m. 229
FeJii, Vmapjx 115
FeHeci, Ajiicrep 84,291, 305
TeracoK, BijibHM Kít 67,99, 103,104, 106, 108, 109,
270, 289, 293
reH(J)op^, Mepi Ojiíbw 33,34
repMaifee (FepMaibe), Ocnn 191
FepMaraii 153
Tepo^or TajikapHacbicHH 70
FeTbMaHmHHa 117
rkaBa-CamoK, OjieHa 85,176,291
riTJiep, Aaojibif) 132
Fnoöa, IßaH 223
ToroJib, MHKOna 179
Toji, fl)koh 148
rojiißya, fliJibHHHH 216
FojioßaHOBa, C. A. 297
ToMaH, HoraH-EanTHCT 26
ToHHapeHKo, Aranra 163,164
ToHHapOB, K)piH flHB. FoHHapOB, K)pin
TonKiHc, flacoH 35,38, 51,54, 57, 58,139,156,266,
288
TopaaiH Ojwk, Kbíht 147
To(J)mTamep, Prarapa 10,281, 286
FpaöoBHH, rpuropin 17
FpeKOBHH, Ahtohííí 247
rpeiji* 55,70,147,160
FpHÖOBCbKHH, ÖJiaÄHCJiaB 181,237,302, 306
FpHLiaK, JIpocjiaB 17
rpiHHeraco, EopHc 28,283, 309
FpyiiieBCbKHH, Mfixaraio 9, 25, 164, 165, 167-169,
183, 186, 191, 246, 247, 264, 274, 281, 283, 300,
301, 303, 307
Tyro FlaeHCbKHH (K)r ne Ilefm) 197
TyMHHUbKHH, An^pin ^hb. ForaiapeHKO, Araniii
faöop EeTJieH, yropcbKHÜ Kopojib 202
Fajiial49
TaHra 3yMÖH, bomb llajiMapHcy 218
Tan Ha 74,219
fewep, noßix 200
feHT, m. 134
FepMaibe, Ocwn jim, FepMaihe, Ocnn
fepcoH, Bonuex 244
PepneH, Aneiccanap 111
FiöoH, E^ßap^ 147,148
ÍOBepHOpH, fl)KHMÍ Ta fl)KO, 6p3TH 108
Foakíh, Eabíh JloBpeHc 41
toHcajiec Flpa^a, MaHyenb 87
foHcajiec, Xynio 134,145
foHnapoB, lOpiñ 230, 306
IopflOH, JÜHaa 176,302
IpaHaaa, eMipaT 138
PpHJii, Fopac 40,132
fpHHBeñ, fl)koh 108,293, 294
TyaeHKep, FneHa 69
flañcoH, Cthbch 148-151
flaKi», npOBmuw 21,152
flajieKHH Cxia 58,294
flajiMauw, npoßiHuia 198
flajib, Bjia^iMip 28,283
flaMacK, m. 144
flaHTe Anir’epi 138
flap aJib-IcJiaM 24,25, 30
flapßiH, m. 102
flapBÍH, Hapji3 Po6epr 36,102,284
flauiKeBHH, üpocjiaß 14, 20, 23, 25, 28, 170-173,
179, 181, 183, 187, 237, 249, 250, 251, 274, 281,
282, 283, 301, 306, 307, 308
flßma, p. II7
fleBJieT TepaH, KpHMCbKHH xaH 262
fleÖBic, PHHapn 108,294
fleMerarbeB, K n. /jjíb. fleMCHTbeB, Iropb
fleMGHTbeB, Iropb 122,296
fl)KeHKo6c, Biüöep 33,46,49,285, 294
fl)fceHMCTayH, kojtohw 77,227
fl)KeKC0H, Enapio 33,34,44
352
IIOKaOiCHUK
/^ce^epcoH, ToMac 40
A kohc, ft-miM (í^eííMC BopeH) 74,92
JljKopjw, FeHpi 67
Í^KOpOTíi, nrraT 219
fl3arajioB, AHaroniñ 306
¿Ihbob, Ojier 191
JXhkq Ilojie (/Jhkhh eren, Cien, OrenoBa YKpama,
CrenoBHH (JjpoHTHp EBponn) 15, 27, 28, 30, 71,
72, 111, 113, 116, 118, 166, 167, 169, 174-179,
183, 192, 197, 221, 247, 249, 260, 267, 274-277,
290, 294, 300, 302, 303, 306, 307; ahb. tbkoík Be-
AHKHH eren
Ahkhh 3axia (CHIA) 9, 11, 13, 27, 33, 38-42, 44-
46, 48, 64, 65, 77, 83, 92, 96, 97, 104, 113, 114,
122-124, 132, 133, 147, 151, 167, 175, 177, 182,
215, 216, 239, 265, 266, 267, 284-287, 289, 290,
292-294, 299, 306; ahb. Tamac 3axÍAHa Kana^a,
3axÍA CUJA, CepeAHÍH 3axÍA (CUJA)
Ahkhh eren ahb. ¿hke IJojie
Zliac Poaphto ahb. Ejil Cha KaMneaAop
/Jiac, nop4)ipio 211
/JijiaBep-nama, bcjihkhh BÍ3Hp 238
flioKJierbiH, phmcbkhh iMneparop 22,155
flmnpo, p. 117,192, 247
¿(HinponeTpoBCBK, m. 181
Ro6, OpeHK 69,289
Aob, PoAXcep 111,112,113,294
floBra erma, bba 23,158
Jl ohh, Capa 77
oh, p. 117,183,185,192,303
floHÓac, perioH 177-179,186,274,279,302
^OHCbKe K03aubKe BiñcbKO 117,209
AopomeHKO, IJeTpo, reTbMaH BiñcbKa 3anopo3bKoro
249
/JpaMOHA, Cthbch 150,153,154, 299, 307
JfymPL, p. 119,141,152,153,158
JJyHC Ckot 138
flyoAO, n’erpo 203
,H3BHA-OOKC, M. 295
/(íopaHA, MopTHMep 59
flbopAb I PaKoni, ceMHropOACbKHH KHH3b 202
EBaHCTOH, m. 45
EBpaain 60,71,175,193,259,260,267
EBpona 9,12,14,17,20,25,29,34,38,39,44,45,47,
50, 58, 60, 63, 65-74, 80, 87, 89, 94, 95, 99, 111,
113, 114, 117, 119, 120, 125, 132, 133, 135-139,
141-143, 145, 147, 153, 160, 161, 168, 170, 171,
174, 175, 182, 183, 186, 192, 197, 206-208, 221,
224, 227, 237, 240, 242, 247, 249, 253, 264-268,
270, 272, 273, 275, 278, 283, 284, 288, 289, 296,
302, 303, 307; ahb. Taxoac EBponeñcbKHñ C0103,
CxiAHa EBpona, U,eHTpajibHa EBpona, Uempajib-
HO-CxiAHa EBpona
EBponencbKa piBHHHa 253
EBponeñcbKHH C0103 (EC) 159; ahb. TaKoac EBpona,
3axÍAHa EBpona
Erep, m. 199
EAHHSypr, m. 141
EAHpHe AHB. AApiBHOnOJIb
Ehtoh, ApTyp Ckot 84,291
EueHÓnyM, Pohí 144, 299
Eatoh, Pío 154,299
EjkJjík, PnnapA 237,306
Enb Cha KaMneaAop (PoApHro fliac) 243
EAb6a, p. 152
EHteAbc, OpHApwx 89,95,121
EHpHKe MopenjiaBeub, nopryrajibCbKHñ ÍH(j)aHT 272
EcTpeMaAypa (EKCTpeMaAypa), Kpañ 25,29,30,136,
298
E(J)hmob, AjiexceH ahb. GíJhmob, Ajigkcgh
CrrnieT 72,242,267
CpMBK TÍMO(f)CCBÍH, K03aUbKHH OTAMaH 271
CpycaiiHM, m. 144,197,242
CpycaiiHMCbKe kopojiíbctbo 144,242,243,244
G(|)ímob, Ajigkcgh 120-122,129,271,296
^íChímoha Eaxopi, ceMHropOACbKHH KHB3b 206,262
^CyxoB, E. 286
3a6aHKanbCbKe K03aubKe bíhcbko 209
3aBajia, Chabbío ApTypo 83,84,291
3aropoBCKHH, BnaAHMnp 301
3aejib6ia, Kpañ 136
3aKapna™, Kpañ 12,52
3ano3eubKHñ, Boaoahmhp 163
3anojibm, JIhoih II )KHfMOHA ahb. Ahoui II Knr-
moha 3anoJibHi
3anopo K K5i, 3anopo3bKa Cin 27,117,167,183,184,
192, 223, 234, 235, 247, 249, 252, 281, 302, 303;
ahb. TaKO K BiñcbKO 3anop03bKe
3axÍA 11, 14, 29, 68, 70-72, 77, 83, 132, 137-139,
168, 169, 171, 192, 251, 264, 281, 283, 284, 288,
290, 301, 302, 308,
3axÍA CUJA (3axÍAHe y3Óepe»OKH, 3axÍAHa píbhh-
Ha) 9,11,13, 19, 27, 33,38-42,44-46,48,64, 65,
70, 85, 92, 96, 97, 104, 113, 114, 122-124, 132,
23-16-246
353
IJOKCOfCHUK
133,147, 151, 167, 175, 177,182,215,216,239,
265,266, 267, 284, 286, 287, 290, 292-294, 306;
ahb. Tame fluKHH 3axiA (CIHA), Cepe^Hiii 3axiA
QUA
3axi,aHa ABCTpank, iirraT 102,104,108
3axwHa A(J)pHKa 67; ahb. Tame A^pniea
3axwna EBpona 17,45,63,65,68,72,94,114,125,
132,133,135,137,138,153; ahb. Tame EBpona
3axiflHa KaHa^a 90, 92, 93, 97, 216, 292, 293; ahb.
TaKO K Ahkhh 3axiA (CLQA)
3axi^Ha piBHHHa (QUA) ahb. 3axiA CU1A
3axi^He y36epe)oeH (QUA) ahb. 3axin CUIA
3axiAHoyKpa mcbKa HapoAHa Pecny6jiiKa (3YHP)
12,52
3aimeijibHM, JleoHiA 17,285
IOepmcbKHH n-B ahb. nipeHeftcbKHH ii-b
I6h anb-Oaieix ajib-XaMaAam 208
I6h ,I^(y6aHp anb-KiHaHi, MyxaMeA ¡6h Axutjx 144
iBaH IV Ipi3HHH, MOCKOBCbKHH Iiap 125
Ijian, PHHapA 35,41
IJiiHoSc, urrar 19,42,45,176,230
Ihaw20, 59,60,67,68,156
iHAuma, miar 19,42,154,177
Imc, TapoJiA 93,270
iHOKeHTiH III, nana pHMCbKHH 241
iHOKeHTifi IV, nana pHMCbKHH 245
IpaKJiin I, Bi3aHTiHCbKHH ¡MnepaTop 195
IpaH (nepck) 60,61,117,119,158,192,241
IpKyTCbKHH K03aiJbKHH nOJIK 209
IpjiaHAw 133,145,289
Icaax, EeHbHMiH TeHpi 22, 154-157, 160, 282, 300,
304
IcaeBHH, ilpocnas 17
Icnam* 25,86,87,100,135,139,145,199,210,213,
219,240,244,278; a mb. TaiccoK nipeHeiicbKHH n-B
ICTpk, n-B 170
iTajii« 135,138,149,150,299
IinTBaH EoMKai, ceMnropoACbKHH khjbb 202, 206,
207,238,305
Horn IV JIfoieceivi6yp3bKHH (Ah Cjiinnn), necbKHH
Kopojib 245
KaBKa3 23, 119, 158, 209, 268; ahb. Taieo3K niBHin-
HHH KaBKa3
KaraHOB, lOpin 281
Ka3aHCbKHH xaHar 28
Ka3aHb, m. 112
Ka3axcTaH 208
KaaayH, MaMjnoiecbKHH cyrraH 244
KajiHTOBCbKMH, Ocvieji^H 285
Kajii(j)opHb!, niTaT 35,82,87,112,210,229
KaMepyH 256
KaM^Heiib-rioAi.nbCbKHH, m. 29
KaHaAa 11, 13,14,16,42,47,53,54,67,69,72, 86,
89-97, 103, 107, 108, 121, 122, 154, 181, 186,
210,215,216,253,269,270,275,292-294
KaHapcbKi ocTpoBH 136
KaH3ac, uuaT 48,53,150,161
KaHDKa, m. 199
Kam, iManyln 36
KaoKi-flaceHH, AOHbKa noKaxomac 227
Kanejiep, AHApeac 12, 74, 114, 126-129, 237, 267,
268,271
KapaMypy ahb. Kypea, /ibiiora AfibBapHin
KapaiaHOB, flMnpin iHHOKeHTieBin 23
KaprajiOB, B. B. 283
KapHHTiii, repuorcTBo 198
KapJi BejiHKHH, leoponb (j)paHKiB, iMneparop 3axoAy
137,153,159
KapjioBau ahb. KapJiwraAT
KapmirraAr (KapnoBau), m. 199
KapHeri, ^chjt 78,96
KapHbojia ahb. KpaHHa
Kapnara, ropn 119,199,200
Kapn e, )Kax 89
Kacan, Mhkom 223,235
KacreAb,M. 153
Kacrep, JJjKOpm ApMcrpoHr 225
Kacmiiifl 134,243
KacbHHOB, Feoprin 237,306
KarepHHa AparoHCbKa, nopryrajibCbKa xopojieBa
226
KarepHHa MeAHni, (j)paHuy3bKa KopojieBa 226
KaTyn, KBim JIioTauin 150
Ka({ a (OeoAoew), m. 141,170
Kejiep, Ieopr 227
Keai, HeA (EABapA) 105,107
Kcabh ahb. Koaohw Ajpnnma
KeHepi, Mapra ahb. EiAOBa Jl^em
KeHeBiq, Cre(j)aH 176,302
Kernel 256
Kep30H, Jfyopm HaraHieji 20-22, 154, 156, 160,
282
Kepiiec, /FxeHMc Mopnc 92-94,96,292, 293
Khbjwp, m. 232
Khib,m. 163,178
354
IIOKaOiCHUK
KHÏBCbKa Pycb 28,137,145,192,276
KHÏBCbKe BOeBOflCTBO 27
KüÏBCfcKe KHH3ÍBCTBO, KHÏBCBKa 3CMJIH 25, 26
KHpnafflB, MaKCHM 308
Kirañ 11, 22, 29, 44, 54-62,67, 68, 117, 128, 142,
149,156,159, 161,171,186, 191,199, 255,266,
213,286,288,289
Kíjiíkíh, npoBÍnuÍ5i 195
Kího, Eßceöio OpaHCHCKO 210
Kiniani, BaxTaHr 308
Kicöi, JIíhajií Mijiep 63,64
KjiapK, Bíjibbm 123
Knapic, JJejiöepr 94
íOieMeHTi, Te6e 84
KjiepMOH, M. 197
KjiHMeHT VII, naria phmcbkhh 245
Knie, m. 202
KjimeBCBKHH, Bacijiiñ OcinoBin 112,114,119,120,
165,167,271,295
Kom, BíJibm peaepm ahb. Banano Bin
KojiBepT, CeMyeji 101
Kojiohíh ArpHniHa (KejibH), m. 152
Kanopa^o, UIT3T 48,112,118,228
KojiyMÓ, XpHCTO(J)op 133,139
KojiyMÓifl 69, 86,210,216,217,275
Koxraecrep, m. 141
KoHfo (EejibriHCBKe Kohto, JJeMOKpaTHHHa Pecny-
6jika Kohto) 256
KoHeKTHKyT, unaT 33,148,154,228
KoHcraHTHH BejiHKHií, pHMCbKHH ÍMnepaTop 22,
155,193,194
KoHCTaHTHHonojib 23, 67, 112, 138, 141, 157, 158;
AHB. TdKOW CTaMÖyjT
KonHTOB, Iropb 254,256-259,278,308
Kopea, Jibero AiibBapec ahb. Kypen, JJbñory AjibBa-
pHIXI
Koprec, EpHaH 226
Koprec, MapraH 226
KopipañT, J qkíjx 177
KocrejibHHK, PaBpHi ji 262,263,308
KocTOMapOB, MHKOJia iBanoBWH 42,261,263,308
Kot n’Ißyap AHB. Beper Cjiohoboï Kíctkh
KpaBHeHKO, Bojioahmhp 12, 28, 181-183, 187, 253,
254,274,283, 303, 307
KpaÍHa, Kpañ 24,142
KpaíiHa (KapHbOJia), Kpañ 24,142,198
KpeñrroH, ¿OHajiA Ipern 93,270
Kphm, Kpañ 171, 174, 186, 191, 193, 262, 279, 283;
AHB. TaKO K KpHMCbKHH XaHaT
KpHMCbKHH xanar 14, 71, 117, 171, 174, 237, 261,
267; ahb. TaKo K KpHM
KpOMBeji, Ojiißep 133
KpOHOH, BijibMM 48,49
Kpyx, JJacopjpK 225
Kpyro, KHH3b 6oaphhíb 136
Ky6a, 0.217,219
KyöaHCbKe K03aiíbKe bíhcbko 209; ahb. tekok Ky-
6aHb
KyöaHb, Kpañ 274,303
Kyueap ((Jwjibk.), po36íkhhk 259,261,262,308
KyK, JI^ceñMc 99
KyK, PaMceñ 94,292, 293
Kymin, IlaHTejieñMOH 246,263
KyMeKOB, ByjiaT 208,305
Kynep, JIjkqPimc OemMop 40
Kypea (Kopea), Jl ñoiy AjibBapHiii 226
KypjiBHak, repuorcTBo 117
KypoMk, FipoaKi 177-179,186,274,302
KyponBTHHK, FeHa^iñ 296
Kypri, Mepji IOzokhh 45,286
KyiíMaHÍ, Eepiic 12
KyHMa, JleoHi^ 279
KyniHÍp, Bknecnaß 283
KbopHH, TajiHHa 302
Jlañoni II, yropcbKHñ i necbKHH Kopojib 198
JlaMap, ToBapA Poóeprc 69,282, 290, 292, 306, 307
JlâMHH, B. A. 296
JlanTeBa, M. II. 283
JlaTHMop, JIeñBÍA 55
JlarHMOp, Mapraper 55
JlaTHMop, OßeH 10, 12, 13, 15, 19, 22, 44, 45, 47,
50, 51, 54-62,65,67,68,116,117,119,128, 147,
149, 150, 156, 161,170, 171, 173, 186, 191, 227,
254-257, 259, 260, 265-268, 271, 273, 274, 286,
287, 288, 289, 303, 307, 308
JlaTHHCbKa AMepHKa 11, 13-15, 40, 42, 47, 50, 54,
68, 72, 77, 82-88, 136, 137, 139, 150, 186, 217,
226, 237, 269, 285, 290, 291, 293, 297-299, 305,
306
JIeBaHT25,134
JleBHUbKHñ, Ibbh 285
JleaoH, JJ koh 115-117,295
JleñóepH, JJaceñMC 108, 109,228,293, 306
JIeHKOBÍH, Ibbh 203
JleOH, KOPOJIÍBCTBO 243
JlenkBKo, Cepriñ 12, 179, 180, 181, 183, 187, 193,
274,286, 289, 302, 304
23*
355
1lOKaOiCHUK
JIchíh, Bmaímíp 45,47,120,121
JkcM-PyAHHAbKHH, baH 174, 175, 176, 186, 274,
302, 308
JÏHTBa 26,29,117,142,171
Hhtbhh, MHKOJia 17
Jliôi, OpHH 37
JliBOÖepe^cHa YKpa ma 117,167,171
JIíbohíh, Kpañ 117,244,245
JlirypiiíCbKi ropH 150
JIíac, m. 58
JliMepHK, üaipimk HejicoH 48,49,141,284, 287
JliHAe, CaMyejib BoryMÚi 27,28,283
JIíhh, ,H^03e(¡) 197,304
JIíoh, M. 153
JlinceT, CeiíMyp MaprHH 95,286, 293
JlicaöoH, m. 139,272
JlicKe, OpamjiniKa KcaBepk 285
JIoBep, Apryp Pe^acHHajiA 67,92,94,132,269,270,
289, 292, 297, 298
JIoBpeHc, Mí 48
JIohaoh, m. 70,103,106
JIopA Kep30H ahb. Kep30H, fijKopm Haiameji
JIopifl, Axíji 41,64
JIoc-AHA^cejiec, m. 218
JlyraHCbKa oöJiacTb 279
JlyÏ3kHa, iiiTaT 82,89,112
JlioßoMipcbKHH, CramcjiaB 238
JIioKpeijm Kap, Tht 147
JIiOTBaK, EABapA 15,22,23,154-158,160-162,195,
273,282, 299,300,304
JIíOTep, MaprHH 24
JlbBÍB, M. 16, 17, 29, 40, 165, 262, 263, 279, 281,
283-287,300-308
Jlbioïc, ApHHÖajiA 136,138,145,272,289,292, 293,
297, 298
Jlbioïc, MepHBÍ3ep 123
jimhoc216,217
Maro™, riaBJio Po6epr 300
MarpHÖ, perioH 268
MaAeMpa, oerpoBH 139
MaAe^ajiBa, c. 206
MaApHA, M. 83
MaHHir AHB. MorOHTLHK
Maxafí, JlacJio 206,305
MaicApryp, ^ koh 100
MaícKapri, /]^03e(j) 54,58,61,62,266
MaicKeHApHK, floji JI. 148,297,299
MaKJieoA, BijibÄM Kpncrri 133,145,297
MaKHLa, BûibHM TapAi 12, 13, 15, 56, 63, 69-74,
113,114,128, 139, 170, 174, 175, 181, 183, 186,
191, 192,221,240,259, 267,268, 271,274, 288,
289, 290, 294, 302, 307
Majia A3k 171,194,195,248,252
MaJiAyH, flaceHMC 139
MajiimjHH (Majime, aohbh MapHHa), HajioacHHira
Kopreca 226
Majimne ahb. MajiinijHH
MajipoH, KeBÍH 218,305
Majnyc, ToMac 67
MaMan (^ojibK.), K03aK 172,251
MaMCHK, T. C. 296
MaH, Jíjkoh Ehtohí fepHer 154,160,299
MaHUHKepT,M. 196
MaHbH^cypk 44,54,56,62,116,256
MapHHa ahb. MajiiHiiHH
Mapk Tepe3a, aBCTpincbica iMnepaTpHira 205
MapMypoBe Mope 23
Mapom, p. 200,205
MapTHH O’epo (c|)OJibK.) 85
Macanycerc, urraT 33
MacJiinnyK, BoJioAHMHp 186,187,274,303
MaToaica ahb. riomoHTac
MaTBin I KopBiH, yropCbKHH Kopojib 202
MaxHO, Bacmib 17
MeAHCOH, m. 34,35,45,48
MeKCHKa 42,67,78,84, 86,112,210,211,215,226,
275,289,290,292,293, 297,298
MejiöypH, M. 102,103
MeM(J)ic, M. 267
MepmieHA, urraT 118
Mepx, OpeAepHK 45
Mepcbe, OpaHcya 91
Mexiico, M. 84,212
MHKOJiaÏB, m. 112
MnpoHOB, B. H. 296
MHCbJiiBCbKHH, laceros 144,299
MiAJrrayH, m. 148
Mi3k, npoBiHiria 23,158
Mijiep, fleñBiA TeHpi 132, 161,239, 297, 299, 300,
306
Minern, feopri 202
MijibHOB, BojiOAHMHp 15, 186, 187, 208, 223, 235,
274,303,305,306
MinecoTa, iirrar 19,42
MÍHCbK, M. 117
MicHcnni, p, 65,89,112,153
Micypi, p. 153
356
IJoKaJfCHUK
MÍTÍH, foHKO 11
Mixan XopoöpHH, bojiocbkhh rocnoAap 206
MixeJieH, Aprypo 216
Minutan, uñar 19,33,42,45,51
Mkßaxi, /l^cyHKo 208,305
MoroHTÍHK (MoroHTÍHKyM, MañHu), m. 152,153
MoKpoycoB, An^piñ 17
MoicrecyMa (MoHTecyMa) II, ÍMneparop aitrem 226
MojmaBCbKe kh5í3Íbctbo (MojmoBa) 71, 117, 179,
201,262
MoM3eH, Teoflop 22
MoHrouk 44,54,58,61,62,116,174,255,266,288,
308, 316
MoHTOjibCbKa HapoAHa Pecny6jiiKa, MHP ahb.
MOHTOJlk
MoHTaHa, niTaT 229
MoHTeBineo, m. 212
MopeHo, EAyapAo MaHuaHO 143,298
MopMOHCbKHH IIUWX 231
MopTOH, Apryp CHJiBep 92,269,292
MocKBa, M. 14,28,45,67,73,94,119,121,128,167,
173, 178, 180, 206, 261,262, 283, 286, 292, 295,
296, 297, 300, 301, 304
MOCKOBW (MoCKOBCbKe UapCTBO, MoCKOBIUHHa) 118,
142,169,179, 183,261; ahb. TaxoacPock
Moxan, m. 194,198,199
Myr, KjibOAOMip Bkua 87,220,291, 292, 305, 306
MyKAeH (IlIeHbflH), m. 256
MycHe3AOB, A. A. ahb. MycieAAOB, Ajickcch
Mycic3AOB, Ajickcgh 181,183,303, 307
Myxaiwea, npopoK 239,241
MioHxeH, m. 167,170
HaABOJDKa 118
HaAHopHOMopk (npHßopHOMop’ji) 135, 171, 250,
277,283, 302, 303
HajiHBaHKO, Amhtpo 170,301, 305, 307
HanoJieoH I EoHanapr, iMnepaTop ^paHuyßiß 89
Heöpacxa, urrar 33,231
HeBaaa, m. 229
Heßa^a, urrar 112
Herpa, Ilayjia ai 139
HejicoH, Um Tepi 150,153,154,299, 307
HeMyp, m. 150
Heui, flacepajiA 33,42,46,48,284, 286-288
Hh khíh HoBropoA, m. 112
Hh)khh Aßcrpk, repuorcTBo 244
Hhähb CnaBOHk, xpan 205
HiaepAaHAM 158
HiKOjiaeBCbK-Ha-AMypi, m. 112
Hm, p. 55
HiMaH, p. 117
HiMeuuuHa 38, 132,137,138,139,165
HÍMÍ3HC, M. 158
Hoßa AHTJik, Kpau 39,297; ahb. tbko k ArjiaHTHHHe
y36epe»OKa
Hoßa 3eJiaHAk 11,45,47,85,104,292-294
Hoßa MeKCHKa (Hmo-Mckchko), uiTar 112
Hoßa Cep6k, Kpau 168,192,262,301
Hoßa OpaHuk 89,90,92,93,228
Hobhh OpjieaH, m. 112
Hobhh nißAeHHUH Bejic, urrar 99,100,108
Hobhh Cbít ahb. AMepHKa
HoBOKy3HeAbK, m. 126
HOBOCHÖipCbK, M. 123
HopMaH, ¿eößic 253,307
HoTHHreM, m. 100
Hbioöepi, BojiTep JlyMic 81
HbK)-HopK 16,17, 83,139,148,167
HbKxJjayHAJieHA, o. 89
OTopMaH, EAMyHAo 81
Obch, Poöepr 230
Orauo, linar 19,42,112
OrjioöJiHH, OjieKcaHAp 308
OAeca, M. 279,283, 305
OxaM, BkbHM 138
OxjiaroMa, uit3t 13,48,53, 148,161,219,253,266
OKTaßkH Aßrycr, phmcbkhh ÍMneparop 152,157
Ojia(J) Mamyc, apxHenucKon 142
OjieKcaHApißCbKa j)opreuH 235
Ojiißep, EAMyHA EeHpi 92,269
OjibCTep, npoßiHuk 133
OMara, m. 231
Ohhuiko, AHaTOJiiH 304
OHTapio, npoBimjk 51,94,95
OpeHÖyp3bKe Kosaubxe bíhcbko 209
OpocKO Bacxec, nacxyaub 211
OpxaH, íypeubKHH cyjrraH 248
OcMaHCbKa iMnepk ahb. TypennnHa
Octhh, M. 63-65,68,69,78
Ocrk, m. 153
OcTporopcbKHH, Ieopr 304
OnaxÍB, m. 117
naßep, fleHieu 24, 141-143, 282, 298, 299, 304,
304
naiiH, Pyr 139,298
357
IJoKQDtCHUK
üaKÇTOH, Ope^epHK JIoraH 45
riaiiecTHHa, Kpañ 197,242,244
riajiMapHC, cnijibHOTa KijiOMÖec 218
riajiM-Bin, M. 218
IlajiMep, CTemii 69
riaiTOT, fl^Ky^HT 118,295
naMna 85, 85, 149,212-214
riaHOJia. OKpyr 63
riaparBañ 86,210,215,220
Ilaparyacy (KaipuH), inakHica, jipymim J bmty
Kypeï 226
napH», M. 12,51,52,58,83,113,141,226,300
riapKep, Æ KO(j)pi 116
riapKMaH-MOJi., OpeHCHC 79
nap(J)flHCbKe uapcTBo 194
riacjiaBCbKHH, IßaH 17
IlaTep, IßaH 17
rieKÍH, m. 67
IlejiHnacb, M. H. 296
IIeH3a, m. 232
riepe^iwA3m 194,197
üepeflCJiaBeijb (TeoAoponojiic), m. 141
riepcifl ahb. IpaH
riepcbKe K03am Ke bíhcbko 209
IlepT, M. 102
nereíjíi, ülaH^op 85
nerjnopa, Chmoh 12, 52
rieTpapKa, OpaHnecKo 138
nerpeHKo, A. H. 297
ilerpo, anocTOJi, cb. 245,262
nerpo riycTeiibHHK, nponoBÍAHHK 242
nißAeHHa A^pHKa 45,47, 54,67, 72,237,307
ni Breuna KapoJima, uiTaT 219
nißAeHHa Pocia 303, 308
nißaeHHa YKpama 167, 301, 303, 308; ahb. Taico*:
^HKe none, Ha^HopHOMOp’fl
ïliBAeHHO-A(J)pHKaHCbKa PecnyöjiiKa 186
niß^eHb CHIA 39,64,65,215,216
ITíbhíh CHIA 39, 64, 215; ahb. TaKoac IIíbhíhhhh
3axizj CHIA
IIÍBHÍHHa AMepHKa44,49,73,74,77,80,82, 83,84,
84, 90, 91, 96, 123, 135, 166, 177, 227, 240, 266,
292,299,302, 307
niBHÍHHa A^pmca 72; ahb. Taicoflc A^pmca
IIÍBHÍHHa Kapojima, mrar 85, 86,210,219
nÍBHÍHHe npHHOpHOMOp ’fl AHB. HaAHOpHOMOp’fl
IIíbhíhhhh BpaöaHT, npoBÍHijifl 158
ÍIíbhíhhhh 3axÍA CHIA 136,140; ahb. Taico^c ^hkhh
3axia (CHIA)
níBHHHHH KaBKa3 118,232,233,295, 297, 306; jxhb.
TaKO^c KaBKa3
IlipeHeHCbKHH (IóepÍHCbKHH) n-B 133,134,136,137,
139, 143, 150, 197, 242, 243,272; ahb. Taxoac Ic-
naHÍfl, IIopTyrajiifl
ILiaB-Aejib-PeH, m. 140
HjiÎMyr, m. 43
IIjioxíh, Cepríñ 12,163,246,247,252,300, 303, 307
rio, p. 150
ÜOBÍAaH, JIioabík 40
IIoaíjiíw 250,263
ÜOAÍJIbCbKe BOCBOACTBO 25
IIoAyHaB’H 71,152,153
ÜOKaxoHTac (MaToaxa), AOHbica ÍHAÍflHCbKoro bo)kah
227
üojiiccH 180
IIojioHCbKa-BacHJieHKO, Harajiifl 167-169, 301
Ilojib, BÍHueHTiñ 27
IIOJIbCbKe KOpOJlÍBCTBO ahb. ílojibnja
Üojibma 25,27,28,29,52,53,71,112,117,119,142,
169, 171, 191, 203, 224, 244, 247, 250, 260, 261,
268,283
ÍIOHTÍHCbKHH CTeiI 260; AHB. TaKO/K ^HKe Ilojie
nOHTWK, BO KAb ÍHAÍHHUÍB-OTaBÍB 136
Ilopra (OroMaHCbKa) ahb. TypeHHHHa
IIopTeAH 33,35, 78
IIopTyrajiifl 136, 139,219,226
riopiyc, TapHeT 105,294
IIoceAapCbKHH, MapTÍH, KHA3b 202
noTaHÍH, Ipiropin 111
npaBo6epe)KHa Yicpama 117,167,171
IlpHHOpHOMOp’fl AHB. HaAHOpHOMOp’fl
IIpoBiAeHC, m. 58,256
ripOUHK, AHHa 17
IlyiHKapb, MapTHH 275
PaAHCoH, ITep-Ecnpi 90
PaABHCbKHH Cok)3 11,45,61,73,115,117,156, 174
PaíÍH, p. 152,153
Paffr, EeiOTcaMÍn 43
PaíÍT, ^oHajiA 92
PaKoui, ^bopAb ahb. fíbopjxb I PaKOui
Parnce, JleonojibA (¡ oh 131
PameJib, OpHApHx 156
Pay, BipjKHHw 139
Pe3yH, /J. 51. ahb. PayH, /Imítpíh
PeñraH, PoHajm Bíjicoh 154
PeHHOJiA3, A^ornya 148
PeñHOJiAC, leHpi 105,107,294, 297
358
nOKdMHUK
PefiHOJmc, Po6epr 134,135,138,145,272,297
PcsyH, flMiTpm 124-126,296
PeniH, Innx 223
Pn6ep, Aji^qjx 17,74,119,126,127,181,260,267,
268,271,295
Pha, Buimm BiHBya, 55,288
Phm, m. 21, 59,62,67,134
PfiMCLKa iMnepia (CrapOAaBHiH Phm) 11, 15, 20-22,
50, 59, 67, 72, 133, 144, 147-162, 186, 193, 198,
199,201,239,266,273,274,282, 299, 300, 306
PiB CaTaHH (limes Sarmaticus) 23,158
Pio-fle-TKaHenpo, m. 67
Pin riocnojiHTa (IIojibCbKO-JlHTOBCbKa ¿jepHcaBa) 14,
26, 124, 125, 173, 176, 186, 193, 238, 247, 261,
302
Po6iH Tya ((jjojibK.), 107,211
Pobcji, Cthbch KpHCTO j)ep 143,299
Poa-Ahjicha, uiTaT 58,256
PoApnrec, Xoce FoHopio 67,289
PoKcojuma (riopeM Y acexi CyiiTaH) 248
Pojib(j), koh, HOJiOBiK rioKaxoHTac 227
Pocac, XyaH MaHyejib as 214
PocificbKa iMnepm 71, 74, 113, 117, 119, 127, 163,
167,186,209,252,267,295; ahb. TaKOHc Pom
Pom 11,14,16,17,25,29,44,47,50,61,62,73,74,
85, 111-129, 132, 135, 138, 149, 163, 164, 165,
168, 174, 175, 178, 182, 183, 186, 191, 206, 230,
234, 247, 251, 253, 254, 259-261, 263, 266, 267,
268, 271, 275, 279, 283, 289-290, 294-296, 303,
306, 308; ahb. Taico K Mockobw, FliBzieHHa Pock,
PociHCbKa iMnepk
PoreHOepr, TfOHTep 192,303, 305
Pyua, OxcaHa 283
PyaHHUbKHH, OrenaH 165,166,168,301
Py3BejiT, Teoaop 9, 36
Py3Bejrr, OpaHKJiiH ^enaHO 43,51,62,65
CaBa, p. 200
CajiaAHH (K)cy4 i6H Aio6), craneTCbKHH cyjrraH
242
CajiiBeH, Tom 86,292
CaMapa, m. 295
CaH-AHTOHlO, m. 122
CaHKT-nerep6ypr, m. 178
CaH-MapHHO (Kani(j)opHk), m. 35
CaH-Ilayiry, m. 219,220
CaH-OpaHOHCKO, m. 45,47,139
CaH-Xoce, m. 87
CaHHec-Anb6opHoc, KriaBAio 134,140,145,297
Canopo, m. 115
Caparoca, m. 243
CapaeBO, m. 300
CapM’cHxo Ajib6apacHH, floMmro OaycTHHo 83,214
CacKaneBan, npoBmqia 216
Caxapa, nyerejui 256,257
CamoK, OiieHa ahb. TkaBa-CamoK, OjreHa
CBHTa 3eMJia ahb. IlajiecTHHa
CBHToro JlaBpeHTix pka 89,93
CBflTOCJiaB IrOpOBHH, KHlBCbKHH KHfl3b 141
CeBijibfl, m. 139
BojiTep 92,269,292
CeKeni })exepBap, m. 199
CenbA xyubKa AepacaBa 149,194, 196, 304; ahb. Ta-
ko k TypeHHHHa
CeMHropOA (CeMHropoACbKe KfuoiBCTBo) ahb.
TpaHCHJibBaHk
CeMHpeneHCbKe K03am Ke BincbKO 209
CeHT-Jlyic, m. 112
CeHb, flMHTpHH 302
CeHb, m. 202,203,304
Cep6ia 262
CepeA3eMHe Mope 70,147
CepeA3eMHOMopk, perioH 135,138,140,197,277
CepeAHe rioAHinpoB’a (HaAAninpoBk) 25
CepeAHin 3axiA C111A 19, 42, 85; ahb. TaKOK 3axiA
cniA
CepeAHfl A3k ahb. U,eHTpajibHa A3k
cepraH 212,220
CeBOCTbflHOB, fpiropm 121,123
Cn6ip 13,54,111-113,121,123-128,163,178,228,
230,271
CH6ipcbKe K03am Ke BiiicbKO 209
CnreTBap, m. 199
CHAHeii, m. 102
CnHriAyH (BejirpaA), m. 152
CHHbU3HH (KHTaHCbKHH TypKecraH) ahb. Uempajib-
Ha A3k
Cipico, iBaH 250
CfiaTa, PnnapA 17, 85, 86, 210, 212, 213, 286, 291,
292, 293, 305
Cjio6iACbKa ykpai Ha (Cjio6o5KaHmHHa) 117, 167,
168,181-183,274,303
GnoBeHifl 24,142
CjiOBkHocep6k, Kpafl 192
CjiiocapcKHH, Ahtoh 301
CmIt, Ajxm 67
CmIt, 230,231
CmIt, ft*coh 227
359
IJoKaOfCHUK
Cmít, Hin 52,54,286-288
Cmoji, Aji6íoh 35,41
CMOJieHCtK, M. 117
CoôojieBa, T. H. 297
Co3a, OpaHCHUiKy 220
Cojiobhob, Cepren 114,119, 120,164,165,167,271,
274,295, 300
CoHopa, m. 210
CnojiyneHi IHrara AMeprnen (CHIA) 9-16, 21, 30,
33-55,57,59,62-65,67,70,72,74,77-79,81,82,
84-86, 88-97, 99, 101, 103-109, 111-113, 115,
119-125, 128, 132, 136, 138, 140, 145, 147-149,
153, 154,160, 163,165,167,176,177,210, 211,
215,216,219,220,224,225,227,230,231,254-
257, 265-267, 270-274, 276, 278, 282, 284-289,
292-294, 296-298, 302, 304
CPCP 54, 58, 62, 73, 120-123, 127, 129, 154, 253,
255,268,271,274,295 æhb. TaKoac Pock
OrajiiH, Ioci(j) 119
GraMßyji, m. 252, 262; æhb. Taxoac KoHCTaHTHHO
nojib
CraiWH, HaoMi 142,143,282, 298, 304, 307
CraFíHCJiaBiB (CraHicjiaB), m. 163
OrapHK, Bojio^hmhp 300
CrapoflaBHin Phm æhb. PnMCbica ÍMnepw
CiapoiiaBHH rpeiíia æhb, Fpeijw
Ciaxiß, MnpoH 17
OreóJiiH, Oeo^ociH 17
CTeMnOBCbKHH, Chch 263,303, 308
OreHJii, R-xopm 92,292
Cien æhb, /lince ílojie
CTenoBa yicpama æhb. /lince Tlojie
CiepH, IliTep 81,291
Ore(j)aH Earopiñ, nojibCbKHH Kopojib, bcjihkhh KHÄ3b
JIHTOBCbKHH 206
CiHBeHCOH, IIoji 141,298,299
Ctoktoh, m. 229
Ctojihiiíh, IlbOTp ApKa^ießin 113
OropoaceHKo, íbbh 186,187,274,303
CyaaK, M. 170
CyaaH 135
CyMHep, BeHeaHKT TaM^pi 114
Cyxe-Eaxop, flaM^HH 255
Cxia 11, 14, 29,132, 137, 138, 157,168, 169, 171,
192,251,264,281, 283,284, 300-302, 308
CxiüHa A j)pnKa 256; ahb. Taico* A^prnca
CxiaHa Eßpona 132, 68, 138, 304’, ahb. t3KD)k Eb-
pona, L(eHTpajibHa Eßpona, IleinpajibHO-CxiaHa
Eßpona
Cxizme y36epe ooi (Cxia CHIA) jm AuiaHTHHHe
y36epeaoKa (CHIA)
CiojicHMaw IThiiihhh, Typenden« cyjrraH 248
TaepMCH, KpncTOífiep 241,244,245,248,304, 307
Ta36ip, Rnyw 29,238,284,302, 306
TaJica, M. 161
TaHraHbÏKa, niaManaaraa Tepmopix 256
Tananji, m. 214
TacHjii h’ Aaacep, nycrena 256
TacMaH, Aôejib 99
Tanin; üyôjiiH Kopnejiin 147
TerepaH, m. 209
Tejib-Aßiß, m. 22,154
TeMeniBap, m. 199
TeHeci, urraT 44
TeHOHTHTJiaH, m. 226
Teoßoponojiic æhb. riepeacJiaBeiíb 141
Tepex, p, 118, 183, 192,231,234,306
TepjieubKHH, OMejMH 29,169,170,284, 301
TepHep, Eh^pk) /laceiccoH 33,34
TepHep, Opeaepmc /lacexcoH 9-16, 19-21, 23,
33-51, 53, 54, 59, 62-69, 71-73, 77-80, 82-85,
87, 88, 91-97, 99, 102, 103, 105-109, 111-115,
118,120-123, 127-129,131-135,137,138,140,
141-143, 145-147, 149, 150, 156, 161-163,
165-167,170,174,176,179,181,182,186,219,
221,246,254,256,259,264-266,268-271,274,
275,277,281,282,284-288,290, 292-297, 299,
307
TepCbKe K03aubice bíhcbko 192,209
Texac, uñar 63,65,68, 69, 71, 78,82,85,112,137,
210,215,219
Tnca, p. 200,205
Tht JIíbíh 150
Thxhh oKeaHÖl, 119
Tohh6í, Apwwm ÆK03e4 45, 56, 62,65, 67, 70, 71,
265,261,286,288-290
ToKBÛib, Aneiccic ae 39,103
ToKcanapifl, kdpojiíbctbo 158
Tojiohko, OjieKcin 17,237,281, 306
ToMac, Jlbioïc repôepî 216,292
ToMamiBCbKHH, CienaH 168,169,274,284, 301
ÏOMncoH, /lacefiMC Becn{ oji 131-133, 136, 145,
271,272,2P7
ÏOMncoH, JleoHap/i 69,282, 290, 306, 307
Tomcbk, m. 123
ToHaii, A(J)OHcy ai 220
TopoHTO, m. 93,94
360
IÎOKaOfCHUK
TpaHCHJiLBaHifl (TpaHCHjibBaHCLKe khh3Íbctbo, Ce-
MHropoa), Kpaô 71,201,205,206,247
Tpane3yHÆ, m. 195
TpeATOAA, floHaji^ 112,113,128,271,294
TpHnojii, m. 244
TporiiHHa A(j)pHKa 67; ahb. TaKo K A^pHKa
TpOIJbKHH, JleB flaBHAOBHA 58
TyraH-6eH, riepeKoncbKHH Myp3a 251
TyKÎAHA 70
TypewiHa (OcMaHCbKa iMnepk, OroMaHCbKa îlop-
Ta) 14, 44, 71, 74, 112, 113, 117, 119, 142, 144,
149, 173, 186, 191, 194, 196, 198, 199, 201, 248,
249, 251, 261, 262, 266-268, 302; ahb. tbko^c
Cejn /pfcym Ka ^ep^caBa
TypKecraH ahb. UempaAbHa A3k
TiOAOpH, aHnimcbKa KopojiiBCbKa AHHacTia 142
YropcbKa piBHHHa 85
YropCbKe kopojiíbctbo ahb. YropmHHa
YropmHHa 24, 28, 52, 71, 142, 143, 198, 199, 201,
206,242,248,262,267,304
YàôeK, xaH 3oaôtoï OpAH 250
YKpaiHa 11, 12,14-17,24-27,29,30,44,47, 52,70,
71, 73,74,112,117,119,142,163-183,185-187,
189, 191-193, 237-239, 246, 249, 250-254,259-
261, 263-268, 273-279, 281-286, 289, 300-308;
ahb. laxem TerbMamuHHa, J hkq Floue, JÜbo-
6epe KHa Ytcpama, FÜBAeHHa Yxpama, Fíojiícch,
FIoaíaah, rioAHinpoB’fl, npaBo6epe KHa Yxpama,
CjioôûicbKa YKpaiHa
YKpaÏHCbKa HapoAHa PecnyónÍKa (YHP) 52
YnaH-EaTop, m. 255
Vpaji 112,113,128,170
ypajibCbKe (Æ ubKe) K03aubKe BiñcbKo 209
Yp6aH II, nana pHMCbKHH 197
YpÔaH VI, nana pHMCbKHw 245
Ypyrsan 86,210,213,215
YcypincbKe K03aubKe bíhcbko 209
Oaparep, fl^coH Man 49,77,281, 282, 284, 287, 290,
293, 297, 299, 306, 307
OeBp, JIiocbeH 13,23,24,29,141,142,282, 298
OeAOpuiß, BojioAHMHp 300
OepAHHaHA I, HiMeobKHH iMneparop, necbKHH i
yropcbKHH KOpOAb, apxiKHA3b AßCTpii 198, 199,
202,203
OepAHHaHA II, HÍMeubKHH ÍMnepaTop, necbKHH i
yropcbKHH KopoAb 204
O’epo, MaprHH ahb. MapTHH O’epo
OHJiHnnoBa, O. A. ahb. OÍAÍnnoBa, Ojibra
OiAaAeJi^k, m. 256
OÍAÍnnoBa, Ojibra 181,183,303
Oíhahhaía 47
OiunarpHK, EpaaH 103,109,270,276,291, 293
Oirn, Kapn PaceA 13,281
OAOpHAa, niTaT 82,112,218,219
Opanôypr, m. 139
Opamj HochíJ) I, aBCTpiHCbKHH ÎMnepaiop, yrop-
cbKHH KopoAb 205,206
OpaHijk 23, 58, 84, 89, 90, 92, 93, 135, 138, 150,
196,200,217,218,226,228,240,242,245,290
Opamjy3bKa IßkHa, KOAOHk 218
OpeHKAÍH, ropa 102
OpeHKAÍH, EeHA^caMÍH 40
OpeHKAÍH, MaíÍA3 106
OpHApHx II, HÍMen,bKHH ÍMnepaTop 242,243
Oyp’e, UlapAb 230
XaAaciHCbKHH, K)3e(J) 283
XaAÎAb aAb-Ampa$, MaMAioKCbKHH cyAraH 244
XapKÎB, m. 178,181,182,279,283, 303
XepcoH, m. 167
XAbOABÎï, KOpOAb (^paHKÍB 159
XMeAbHHAbKHH, EorAaH, reTbMaH BiMcbKa 3anop03b-
Koro 171,185,301, 303
XoAapKOBCbKHH, MaÔKA (MixaÏA) 27, 74, 115, 116,
118,239,283, 295, 306
XoAOAHa, AHHa 19
XonepcbKHH K03aiibKHH noAK 209
Xopôar, BacHAb 223
XopBark 11,24,119,142,179,199,202-204,247,268
XOTHH, M. 117
XpoMbix, A. C. 296, 297
LJereAbCbKHH, JIoHrHH 52,287
UempaAbHa A3k (CepeAHA A3k, CHHbU3HH, Typ-
KecTaH) 56,60, 119,207,268,288
UempaAbHa Eßpona 68; ahb. TaKoac Eßpona, CxiAHa
Eßpona, UempaAbHa Eßpona
UeHTpaAbHO-CxiAHa Eßpona 304, 305; ahb. t3ko)k
Eßpona, CxiAHa Eßpona, UempaAbHa Eßpona
UeHTpaAbH0-^l0pH03eMHHH paHOH 118
UHHUHHari, M. 112
UHcenbCbKHH, ToMani 283
4aH Kanini 56,58
^aneBCbKHH, EABapA 283
MaubKHH, TaAeyui 27
24-16-246
361
JJoKaOiCHUK
Heneji, /JcHBiA 253,307
HepBOHe Mope 23,157
HepHiriBCBKe bocboactbo 25,27
HexocjioBanbica Pecnyfijika 52
HiKoy, aaBHbOKHTaHCBKa AMHacrin 60
HHrapHH, m. 261
Hmcaro, m. 9, 10, 38, 41, 69, 70, 81, 115, 118, 256,
265,292
Vmi 86,210,214,215,256,275
%HTi3MAH, piA 208
HmiricxaH TeMyHHH, KaraH MQHrojiiB 60
HopHe Mope 23,157,158,195
HopHiii, Bojioahmhp 202,304
^ophoboji, Irop 281,285} 286,296,308
UlariH IepaH, kphmcbkhh xaH 249
UlaMuib, lMaM ^arecTany i 233
IIIaMnaHb, npoBiHuia 197
UiaMpafi, Ceprin 300
UlapaHeBHH, Ichaop 40,285
illapjiorcBiji, m. 135,272
IIIa^paH, OjieKcifi 184
IIlBeHAapw 55,139
UlBeuk 117
UleBHeHKO, Irop 308
lUeBneHKO, Tapac 261,263
UleHOH, OpeA Eji6epr 43,44,68,286,289
UIhjiobcbkhh, MixaiJi 124-126,296
IlIjie3HHrep, Apryp 44,45
lilfiaHAep, B. E 297
IIIob, ¿(erne 118
IIloBKyH, Biicrop 304
IIloTJiaHAW 23,133,145,158,278
IUneHmep, OcBanbA 55,56,71
UlnopjiioK, PoMaH 17
UIieKJib, TioHTep 170
IHrapk, repuorcTBo 198,205
lUyxajrrep, ^epi 38
IHanoB, A^aHacin 111, 114
lOpreH, TaHc 144
lOpKeBHM, Biicrop 166-168,301
iOcTHHuiH II, Bi3aHTiHCbKHH iMnepaxop 195
K ra,mTaT 112,231
lOiAeHKO, Biicrop 279
^6jiohobcbkhh, Aii€KcaHAep 26,283, 301
ilBOpHHUbKHH, ^MHTpO 207, 305
ilApiHLjeB, HlKOJiaH 111
51ik, p. 183,192
^iAbKe K03anbKe Bmcbfco ahb. YpaJibCbice K03aubice
BiHCbKO
^KOBeHKO, Haiajw 193,304, 308
ilMaHKa, o. 217
flu CjiinHH ahb. HoraH IV JIK) KceM 6yp3 bkhh
BpHreM 230,231
JIhoui II ^CurMOHA 3anojibjii, yropcbKHH Kopom , ce-
MHropOACbKHH KHfl3b 248
flHyKOBHH, BiKTOp 279
ilnoHifl 54,58,73
ilpoBOH, B. B. 296
Abulafia, David 298,299,304
Adams, Herbert B. ahb. AaaMC, Tepbepr EaxCTep
Adelman, Jeremy 307
Ager Gallicus, perioH 150
Alton, Arthur S. ahb. Ehtoh, Apiyp Ckot
Alexander, Fred ahb. AneioeHAep, OpeA
Allen, Harry C. ahb. Ajich, Tapi KpeH6pyic
Almark, John C. 285
Alvarez, Maria Jose 291
America ahb. AwepuKa
American West ahb. #hkhh 3axiA
Arato, Eleonora 304
Argentina ahb. ApreHTHHa
Argersinger, Peter A. 286, 289
Aron, Stephen 307
Attwood, Bain 294
Australia ahb. ABerpajiifl
Bahannan, Paul 297
Bak, Janos 304
Bakewell, Peter 291
Balard, Michel 298
Bannon, John Francis 290,291
Baretta, Silvio Duncan 292
Barrett,L.L.291, 305,306
Barrett, Thomas M. ahb. EapeT, ToMac M.
Bartlett, Robert 298, 307
Bassin, Mark ahb. BeiicHH, Mapx
Bayrle, Gustav 304
Becker, Carl ahb. Eeicep, KapJi
Belaunde, Viktor ahb. EejiayHAe, Biicrop
Bencedi, Laslo 304
Berend, Nora 284, 298,299, 304
Berry, Michael 284, 287
Billington, Ray Allen ahb. EiJiiHiroH, Pen Ajich
362
IJOKüDfCHUK
Bishko, Charles Julian ahb. EiniKO, Hapji3 ¿^^cyjiian
Bishko, Robert F. 282, 290, 307
Block, Robert H. 287, 288
Blue Mountains ahb. BjiaKHTni ropn
Boas, George 287, 288
Bocskai, Istvan ahb. IniTBaH Bornca i,
Bogue, Allan George ahb. Bor, AnaH fl)icopA)K
Boissau, Raymond 305
Bolton, Herbert E. ahb. Bojitoh, Tepbepr
Borek, Piotr 283
Bowman, Isaia ahb. Bobmch, lean
Bracewell, Catherine Wendy 283, 304, 305
Braudel, Fernand ahb. Bpo^ejib, OepHan
Brauer, Ralph W. ah b. Bpayep, Pajuj)
Brebner, John B. ahb. EpeGriep, flpKOH Eapuier
Breen, David H. 292
Britain ahb. EpmaHin
Broncano, Manuel 291
Buffalo Bill ahb. Ba(J)ajio Bin
Bums, Robert I. ahb. BepHC, Po6epr Iraariyc
Burt, Alfred L. ahb. Bepr, AjnJjpen
Calamity Jane ahb. BinoBa fl)KeHH
Calloway, Colin G. 290
Canada ahb. KaHana
Canary, Martha Jane ahb. Bi^OBa flaceHH
Cane, Murray 284, 287
Careless, James M. ahb. Kepnec, /JnceiiMC Mopnc
Carpenter, Ronald 285
Central Europe ahb. fleiTipajibHa EBpona
Chalasinski, Jozef ahb. XajiaciHCbKHH, K)3e J)
Chamosa, Jose Luis 291
Chang-Chihyi 288
Chappell, David A. ahb. Henen, fleiiBin
Chen Han-seng 288
Chevedden, Paul E. 298
China ahb. KHTan
Collins, Michael 285
Cooter, William 299
Cotton, James 288, 289
Covington, Paula 291, 305
Cronon, William 287
Curti, Margaret 286
Curti, Merle Eugene jxm. Kypri, MepJi IOa khh
Curzon, G. N. ahb. Kep30H, flncopnnc HaraHieji
Daniel, Robert 286
Dar al-Harb 24,30
Dar al-Islam ahb. flap anb-IcJiaM
Davis, Richard ahb. fleußic, PirapA
Dick, Harvey 303
Dobie, J. Frank ahb. fl06, OpeHK
Douglas-Francis, R. 292
Dow, Roger ahb. floß, PoA^xep
Dmmmond, Steven ahb. flpaMOHA, Cthbch
Dyson, Stephen L. 299
Eadie, John W 299
East ahb. CxiA
Eastern Europe ahb. CxiAHa Eßpona
Eastern Central Europe ahb. LfempajibHO-CxiAHa
Eßpona
Eccles, William John 292
Elkin, A. P. 307
Ellenblum, Ronnie ahb. EneHÔJiyM, Pohî
Elphick, Richard ahb. EjkJuk, PnnapA
Elton, Hugh ahb. Ejitoh, F’k
England ahb. Ahdiui
Etulain, Richard 286, 287
Extremadura ahb. EcrpeMaAypa
Far East ahb. flaneKHH CxiA
Faragher, John Mack ahb. Oaparep, A koh Max
Febvre, Lucien ahb. OeBp, JIkdcbch
Ferdinand I ahb. OepAHHanA I
Fish, Carl Russel ahb. d iui, Kapji Paceji
Fitzpatrick, Brian ahb. OiunaTpnx, BpanH
Fleener, Charles 291
Folca, R. 282, 298
Foster, S. G. 294
France ahb. OpaHum
Fransis, John De 288
Franz, Maciej 283
Furman, Necah Stewart 286, 289
Gerhardt, Dietrich 294, 295, 297
Gitlin, Jay 287
Gordon, Linda ahb. fopAOH, JliHAa
Gömör ahb. feMep
Graves, William H. 286
Greenway, John ahb. fpHHBeH, flacoH
Grossman, James R. 284
Hall, Thomas 281
Hancock, William Keith ahb. Terncoïc, B uibm Kît
Hanke, Lewis ahb. Taince, Jlbioïc
Hansen, Marcus Lee ahb. FaHceH, Mapxyc Jli
Harper, Norman D. ahb. Fapnep, HopMaH
363
UoKaOfCHUK
Hayes, Carlton J. H. 286
Hazard, Harry W. 304
Hekster, J. H. 289
Hennessy, Alistair ahb. TeHeci, Anicrep
Heywood, Colin 282, 304, 307
Highham, C L 293
Hikavy Saciuk, Olena ahb. riKaaa-CauioK, OneHa
Hill, R C. 294
Hine, Robert V ahb. Taim, Po6epr
Hise, Joseph Van 286
Hispanic America ahb. JIaTKHCbKa AMepHKa
Hofstadter, Richard ahb. ro^mxa^Tep, PiroapA
Holmes, Catherine 299 304
Honcharenko, Ahapius ahb. ToHHapeHKO, Aranw
Horn, Calvin P. 284
Hugues de Payens ahb. Fyro IlacHCbKHH
Hurtado, Albert L290
Hutton, Paul Andrew 281, 287
Ireland ahb. Ipjianai^
Isaac, Benjamin ahb. IcaaK, EeHbBMiH FeHpi
Italy ahb. Iiajiin
Jablonowski, Aleksander ahb. JfônoHOBCbKHft, Ajigk-
catmep
Jackobs, Wilbur ahb. /^eÔKOÔc, Bijiôep
Joerg, W. L. 287, 288,293
Johnson, Gerald W. 287, 288
Johnson, H. B. 297, 298
Juricek, John T. 282
Kaegi, Walter E. 299
Khodarkovsky, Michael ahb. XoAapKOBCbKHH,
Maniai
Kholodny, Annete ans. XojioAHa, AHHa
Kieniewicz, Stefan a hb, KeHCBiq, OretJiaH
Kiraly, Bêla 304
Klein, Kervin Lee 282
Knight, Franklin W. 305
KopytofF, Igor 4MB. KonmoB, Iropb
Korde, Zoltán 305
Krabatische Graeniz 200
Kroeber, Clifton B. 291, 292,294, 297
Kukiz, Tadeusz 282
Kumekov, B. ahb KyMeKOB, Byjiaî
La Malinche ahb. Majiininm
La Mancha 298
Lamar, Howard R, ahb. JIaMap, ToBapA
Langum, David J. 285,290
Latin America ahb. JlaiHHCbKa AMepHKa
Lattimore, Eleonor 288
Lattimore, Owen ahb. JlarHMop, Obch
Lawson, Ronald 294
Ledonne, John ahb. JIcaoh, JJpa oh
Lewis, Archibald ahb. Jlbioic, ApHHÖaim
Leybum, James G. ahb. JlefiöepH, /^cefiMC
Limerick, Patricia Nelson ahb. JliMepHK, narpHiiis
HencoH
limes Sarmaticus ahb. Piß CaranH
Linde, Samuel Bogumil ahb. JÜHAe, Cawyejib Eory-
MÜI
Lipset, Seymor Martin ahb. Jlincer, CeHMyp MapmH
llanos ahb. jibaHOc
Lob, Ladislaus 305
Lobanov-Rostovsky, A. 294
Lombardi, Mary 291, 305
Lord Curzon ahb. Kep30H, ßjKOipm Harameji
Lower, Arthur R. M. um. Jloßep, Apryp PeAHCHHajiA
Luciv, Theodore 300
Luciv, Wasyl 300
Luttwak, Edward ahb. JIiOTBaK, EAßapA
Macintosch, W. A. 287, 293
MacKay, Angus 298, 307
MacKendrick, Paul L, ahb. MaKKennpuK, IIoji JI.
MacLeod, William Christie ahb. MaiaieoA, Buibam
KpHCTi
Magnaghi, Russell 290
Makkai, Läslö ahb. Maxan, Jlacno
Maksay, Ferenc 304
Malintzin ahb, Maximum
Mann, John ahb. MaH, ¿Pkoh
Markoff, John 292
Martin, Geoffrey J. 287, 288
Matemicki, J. 285
Mathisen, Ralph W 299, 300
Maude, George 284, 287
McGann, Thomas F. 289,293,298
McKennan, Marian C. 292
McNeill, William H. ahb. MaicHiji, Buiwim
Menges, Karl 288
Mexico ahb. MeKCHKa
Mikesell, Marvin W. 293
Miles, George 287
Militargrenze ahb. BmcbKDBHH kopaoh
Miller, Alexei 295,308
Miller, David Henry ahb. Minep, FeHpi
364
IJoKCDfCHUK
Mitchell, Lee Clark 286
Miyawaki, Junko ahb. Mbraaici, fl^cyHKO
Mocsy, Andras 305
Mongolia ahb. MoHrom
Moog, Clodomir Vianna ahb. Myr, KjibOAOMip Bi-
Mood, Fulmer 292
Moreno, Eduardo Manzano ahb. MopeHo, EAyapAO
MaHuaHo
Morse, Richard 305
Morton, Arthur S. ahb. Moptoh, Apryp CrniBep
Muldoon, James 298
Mulroy, Kevin ahb. MaJipow, KeßiH
Murphy, George G. S. 286
Mysliwski, Grzegorz ahb. MncbJiiBCLKHK, f Kero K
NardrofF, Ellen von 286
Nash, Gerald D.ahb. Hem, flacepajiA
Nelson, Lynn Harry ahb. HejicoH, Jim Tepi
Nettels, Curtis 286
New England ahb. Hoßa AHmhi
New France ahb. Hoßa Opamrbi
New Spain 290
New World ahb. AMepmca
New Zealand ahb. Hoßa BenaHAia
Newman, Robert 288
Nichols, Roger L. 293
Nixon, Herman Clarence 285
North America ahb. JliBHinHa AMepmca
North Caucasus ahb. iliBHiHHHH KaBKa3
Novick, Peter 284
Oglesby, Richard E. 286
Ostrander, Gilman M. 292
Pallot, Judith ahb. Ilanor, flacyuHT
Parkman, Francis 290
Palmer, Stanley 289, 290, 294
Paraguay (Paraguassu) ahb. Flaparyacy
Peijes, Geza 304
Petrovics, Istvan 305
Pierson, George W. 286
Pilsudski, Jozef 19
Pine, Ruth ahb. IMh, Pyr
Plog, Fred 297
Pocahontas ahb. rioKaxoHTac
Polonska-Vasylenko, Natalia ahb. FIonoHCbKa-
BacHJieHKO, HarajiiH
Pomeray, Earl 288,289
Portus, G. V. ahb. Tlopryc, JapHeT
Potter, David 289
Power, Daniel ahb. IlaBep, jJeHie/i
Ragsdal, Hugh 295
Rausch, Jane M. 291, 305
Reinhardt, Steven C. 289
Reinhartz, Dennis 289
Reynolds, Henry ahb. PeitaoJiAC, FeHpi
Reynolds, Robert L. ahb. PeimojiAC, Po6epr
Ritchie, Robert R. 281, 287
Rodrigues, Jose Honorio ahb. PoApnrec, Xoce Foho-
pio
Roksandic, Drago 304
Roman Empire ahb. PuMCbica iMnepia
Roosevelt, Theodore ahb. Py3BenT, Teonop
Rose, Deborah Bird 294
Rothenberg, Guenter ahb. PoieH6epr, lioHTep
Rowe, William 288, 289
Rowell, S. C. ahb. PoBen, Cthbch KpHdo^ep
Russel, Charlie 33
Russel-Wood, A. J. R. 292
Russia ahb. Pocifl
Sage, Walter ahb. CenA K, Bojnep
Sanches-Albomoz, Claudio ahb. CaHnec-Ajib6op-
hoc, KnaBAio
Sandler, Samuel 285
Sapa, Dorota 283
Savage Jr., William W. 282, 287, 299, 306
Schuchalter, Jerry 284, 287
Semple, Ellen Churchill 284
Shannon, Fred Albert ahb. IileHOH, OpeA Ejibepr
Sharp, Paul K. 293, 294
Shaw, Denis J. B. 295
Shaw, Livermore, Jr., 286
Shepard, Jonathan 299
Simler, Norman 286
Sivan, Hadith 299, 300
Slatta, Richard ahb. Cnara, PnnapA
Slavery Pompey, hophhh (JmopHAeub 219
Slavonska Kraina ahb, Windische Graeniz
Slotkin, Richard 284
Smith, Henry Nash 284, 286
Smith, Neil ahb. CmIt, Hin
South Russia ahb. niBAemia Pocia
Southern Ukraine ahb. IliBAeHHa Ynpaina
Standen, Naomi ahb. Ctbhach, HaoMi
Stanley, George F. G. ahb. CieHJii, JJptopm
365
riomOtCHUK
Steffen, Jerome 0.299
Stempowski, Jerzy ahb. CieMnoBCbicHH, C kh
Stephenson, Paul ahb. OmBeHCOH, JToji
Steppe frontier ahb. ITojie
Stçpnik, Andrzej 283
Stem, Peter ahb. CrepH, IÜTep
Stobiecki, Rafal 283
Sullivan, Richard 306
Sullivan, Tom R. ahb. CanißeH, Tom
Szöny, Görgy 305
Taylor, George Roger 286
Tazbir, Janusz ahb. Ta3Ôip, ÜHym
Terek um. TepeK
Thacker, Robert 293
Thomas, Lewis Gwynne 292
Thomas, Lewis Herbert rub. ToMac, Jlbioüc Tep-
6epT
Thompson, James Westfall jxm. Tomücoh, ^eÖMC
Beacon
Thompson, John Herd 293
Thompson, Leonard ahb. Tomiicoh, JleoHapA
Thompson, Stephen 282, 306
Thomer, Daniel 288
Tobin, Gregory 286, 289
Toynbee, Arnold J. ahb. Toimöi, ApHOJiA
Treadgold, Donald W. r hb. TpenXOJiA, AoHaim
Triplex Confinium, npHKop/joHHa Micueßicrb 119
Turkestan ahb. IfempajibHa A3ia
Turner, Frederick Jackson ahb. Tepnep, d peAepHK
ftaceKCOH
Tyerman, Christopher ahb. TaepMeH, KpHCTO^ep
Ukraine ahb. Yxpama
Unated States (US) ahb. Cnojiynem lÜTaTH AMepu-
KH
Valencia ahb. BaneHcia
Verlinden, Charles um. BepniH^eH, Hlapjib
Veszpremy, Läslö 304
Veyne, Paul ahb. Ben, nojib
Via nova Traiana, Aopora 23
Vojna Krajina ahb. BincbKOBHH KOpAOH
Warazdin Graeniz ahb. Windische Graeniz
Ward, Russel rub. BopA, Paceji Epe^oic
Watson, George 293
Webb, Walter Prescott ahb. Be6, Bojrrep üpecKOT
Weber, David ahb. Beöep, fleireiA
Wessely, Kurt 305
West ahb. 3axir
Wheeler, Everett rure. Bijiep, EßepeT
Wheeler, Harvey 287, 288
White, Richard ahb. Baifr, PnnapA
Whittaker, Charles R. ahb. Biiaicep, Hapji3
Wieczynski, Joseph L. Rm. BeuHHCKi, fl^co3e({)
Wiener, Thomas 288
Wild Filds ahb. /frnce FloJie
Wild West ahb. /Jhkhh 3axir
Windische Graeniz (Slavonska Kraina, Warazdin
Graeniz) 200
Winks, Robin 292-294
Wolff, Larry ahb. Jlapi, Byjiij)
Wolfskill, George 289,294
Worster, Donald ahb. BopCTep, ßoHajiA
Wright, Benjamin F. 286
Wunder, John 285-287,289,290
Wyman, Walker 291, 292, 294, 297
Zaslow, Morris 292, 295
Zaszkilniak, L. ahb. 3amKinbH*K, JleoHia
Zavala, Silvio ahb. 3aßajia, CnjibBio
Zehner, Arnold 286
The Frontier Thesis:
A Comparative Approach and the Ukrainian Context
Frederick Jackson Turner, a thirty-two-year old
assistant professor at the University of Wisconsin,
presented his formulation of the frontier thesis at a
meeting of the American Historical Association in
1893 during the World’s Columbian Exposition in
Chicago. He stressed that the existence of an area of
free land, its continuous recession, and the advance
of American settlement westward, explained Ame-
rican development, and that this frontier served as
the basis of American democracy and the American
mindset as well. Turner defined the frontier as a zone
of settlements on the edge of an expansive society, a
place between “civilization” and “barbarism,” where
society and government were in a nascent state.
Incredible as it might seem, Turner’s modest the-
sis elicited an unprecedented discussion in American
historiography Along with the historians, archeolo-
gists, anthropologists, climatologists, demographers,
ecologists, ethnologists, ethnographers, geologists,
geographers, philosophers, psychologists and socio-
logists also started to deal with the frontier thesis.
Almost every college or university offered courses
in this field up to i960 so that, in the words of Ri-
chard Hofstadter, the American historical enterprise
was transformed into “one large Tumer-veran.”
The introduction of this study briefly presents
the development of the frontier thesis in the US
and also deals with various comparative frontier
approaches. Each of the following four chapters is
devoted to a person who made an essential contri-
bution to comparative frontiers studies: Frederick
Jackson Turner, Owen Lattimore, William Hardy
McNeill and Walter Prescott Webb.
The history of the reception of Frederick Jack-
son Turner’s legacy can be divided into six periods:
• 1900-1921, his triumph, a chair of US history
at Harvard University (1910-1924), and election to
the post of President of the American Historical As-
sociation (1910).
• 1922-1932, from the first critical assessment by
Charles Beard to Turner’s death in 1932; basically a
period of cautious reassessment of the frontier thesis.
• 1932-1945 (i.e., to the end of World War II):
Thomas Abemethy and Fred Shannon discard the
safety-valve doctrine, and the comparative ap-
proach to the frontier thesis is founded; Owen Latti-
more suggests an alternative view on the frontier as
a zone of intensive interaction of distinct cultures.
• 1945-1960, the development of a critical reas-
sessment on the basis of the idea that not the frontier
but the European protestant ethos and liberal ideo-
logy can account for American democracy; rééva-
luation of the frontier as not just a process but also
a symbol; the further development of the compara-
tive approach stemming from discussions around
Arnold Toynbee’s “A Study of History” and Walter
Prescott Webb’s “Great Frontier” idea.
• 1960-1984 (the “Billington era”, from the fall
of the world colonial system to the founding of the
“New Western School”); Ray Allen Billington’s suc-
cessful resistance to the further development of the
critical approach whereby he accuses Turner of ra-
cism and sexism, instrumentalising the frontier thesis
as an American symbol of the “Cold War”; a peri-
367
The Frontier Thesis: A Comparative Approach and the Ukrainian Context
od of plural assessments; the journal “Comparative
Frontier Studies” (University of Oklahoma, 1975-
1983), and the heyday of the comparative approach.
• Since 1985, the period of the “New Western
School,” the triumph of the critical approach, futile
attempts to discard the frontier thesis in its entirety;
the founding of environment history, the youngest
branch of the frontier approach to historiography;
heated discussions on the limes of the Roman Em-
pire; penetration of the Turner thesis into Ukrainian
historiography.
Isaiah Bowman (1878-1950) introduced the
frontier thesis into the field of geography and
founded the systematic approach to its comparative
study. As director of the American Geographical
Society (1915-1935) and President of John Hop-
kins University (1935-1948) he gathered a group
of scholars who worked in the field of theory of mi-
gration and focused on colonial expansion. But as
a result of the collapse of the world colonial system
this approach lost its scientific significance shortly
after his death.
In 1940 Owen Lattimore (1900-1989), the
other renowned American scholar and Bowman’s
protégé, introduced his sweeping generalizations
on the key role of frontiers in the history of China.
Lattimore’s thesis was quite different from that of
Turner. While Turner focused on the frontiers of
Anglo-Saxon settlements and on the paradigm of
barbarism vs. civilization, Lattimore focused on
the interaction between the northern steppe nomads
and the Chinese sedentary population, taking into
consideration not only the Chinese “civilized” vi-
sion of the frontier but that of the nomads as well.
He stressed the significance of the frontier as a zone
of exclusively intensive cultural and political inter-
penetration which occasionally accounted for the
development of the entire Chinese empire. He also
suggested his own theoretical structure of the fron-
tier zone consisting of the frontier proper, “with a
more or less differentiated population adhering to
it even on the hither edge”; a zone populated by
the “auxiliary tribes,” “the outer edge of whose ter-
ritory was treated as an outer-frontier zone”; and
beyond that “unregenerate barbarism.”
Nowadays Lattimore is known, primarily by
reason of the term “satellite” which he proposed
to use with respect to the history of the Mongo-
lian People Republic; secondly, due to the so called
“Lattimore affair.” In 1950, senator Joe McCarthy
accused him of collaborating with the Soviet secu-
rity services during the time when president Roos-
evelt had appointed him as his adviser for Chinese
affairs as well as counselor to Chiang Kai-shek.
McCarthy’s supporters sought to make Lattimore
responsible for the failure of American policy in
China, according to the terminology of the Ameri-
can press at the time, for “losing” China. As could
be predicted, in the course of the five year long
trial (1950-1955) the jury rejected all the charges
against Lattimore. His academic career, however,
was ruined; his seminar on the Chinese frontiers at
John Hopkins University was cancelled, and even-
tually in 1963 Lattimore migrated to Great Britain
where he founded the department of East Asian
history at the University of Leeds. Because of this,
Lattimore’s achievements in the field of compara-
tive frontier studies were generally ignored in the
US. But now the theory of comparative frontiers
continues to influence the studies of many coun-
tries more in terms of Lattimore than those of
Turner.
The frontier is the liminal space of changing
meanings on which distinct human cultures first en-
countered one another s otherness or adapting them-
selves to conditions of the environment; as a result
of intensive communication, economic, social, cultu-
ral, and political interaction, cultures appropriated,
accommodated (acculturated), or domesticated (as-
similated) one another.
Walter Prescott Webb (1888—1963) suggested
his own version of the global frontier in the light
of the relations between the European Metropolis
and its colonial peripheries - although the idea en-
countered strong criticism. He also focused on the
decisive impact of the frontier peoples upon world
economy (the “boom hypothesis”), on literature,
science, and art of the early modem period (“Fron-
tier Age”). His book The Great Frontier (1952) was
perceived as the main achievement in the field of
comparative frontiers, as late as 1986.
368
The Frontier Thesis: A Comparative Approach and the Ukrainian Context
Webb’s thesis of the “Great Frontier” strong-
ly motivated William Hardy McNeill, another re-
nowned American historian. McNeill (bom 1917),
professor-emeritus of the University of Chicago, is
known as the most respected explorer of compa-
rative frontiers. Updating the views of Turner and
Webb, he extended the “Great Frontier” idea onto
the Great Eurasian Plain, focused upon the Euro-Ot-
toman frontier and provided the historiography of
Eurasia with Europe’s Steppe Frontier thesis. An-
dreas Kappeler, professor at Vienna University, and
Alfred Rieber, professor at the Central-European
University in Budapest, made recent sophisticated
improvements upon comparative frontier study at
the beginning of the twenty first century.
Following Lattimore’s ideas on the ecological
frontiers of the Great Eurasian Plain, Rieber focused
on the complicated political and cultural circum-
stances on Europe’s Steppe Frontier where three
and even more participants emulated one another:
the Austrian Military Border in Croatia (Triplex
Confinium, Venetia, the Habsburg and the Ottoman
Empires), Ukraine (Poland, Russia, the Ottoman
Empire), the Caucasus (the Ottoman Empire, Iran,
Russia), the Chinese Xinjang (Mongols, China,
Russians), the Ordos - Liao line (the Manchures,
China, Russia). As a result Rieber transformed Lati-
more’s ideas into the thesis of a complex ecological
frontier along the Great Eurasian Plain. Drawing on
the frontier idea Rieber also explained the break-up
of the USSR.
Dealing exclusively with the Russian case, An-
dreas Kappeler elaborated four approaches to the
frontier phenomenon:
1) a geographic frontier between distinct cli-
matic and vegetative zones, between forests and
steppe in the Russian case;
2) a social frontier between distinct styles of
life as well as systems of values, especially between
sedentary population, on the one hand, and nomads
or hunters, on the other;
3) as a military frontier;
4) as a religious and cultural frontier between
distinct traditions of values and cultures. Following
this outline, he distinguished the military frontier,
the extractive frontier, and the settlement frontier.
According to Kappeler, the frontier is a transitio-
nal zone not integrated into any state creations and
possessing a dynamic character. This seems to be
now the most updated version of the frontier phe-
nomenon.
The next part examines the historiography of
comparative frontiers.
Herbert Eugene Bolton (1870-1853), Turner’s
student, a pioneer of comparative frontiers, applied
Turner thesis to the history of Latin America. The
“Spanish Borderlands School” founded by Bolton
became a cornerstone of Latin American historiog-
raphy in the US. For all that,, the comparative ap-
proach to Latin American history following Turner
thrived until the last quarter of the twentieth century.
In their evaluation of Latin American frontiers, US
scholars and their colleagues from South America as
well came to the common conclusion that frontiers,
contrary to the US pattern, did not account for the
development of democracy in Latin America.
Canadian historiography was the first non-US
historiography which adopted the frontier thesis.
Turner personally was the founder of this approach
using patterns of the history of Canada in his disser-
tation. He also was the author of a special article on
this subject. On the other hand, since Great Britain
occupied French Canada in 1763, the same political
center controlled the regions of the future US and
all Canadian territories as well.
One could divide the history of the reception of
the frontier thesis in Canada into the periods before
and after World War II. Its historians adopted the
frontier idea during the interwar period which re-
sulted in the evolution of Canadian historiography
from its “British School” (focused on the political
history) to the “Environmental School” (Alfred
Burt, Arthur Silver Morton, Edmund Henry Oli-
ver, Walter Sage and Arthur Lower, all of whom
stressed social history). At the same time an alter-
native approach, with the focus on the differences
between the Canadian and the US frontiers, was
founded (the “Laurentian School” of Harold Innis,
Donald Creighton and Arthur Lower in the postwar
period of his activity) which became a mainstream
in the 1940s and reached its height in the 1970s.
But the idea of the “moving metropolis” of the Lau-
369
The Frontier Thesis: A Comparative Approach and the Ukrainian Context
rentian School (as a history of the Canadian urban
centers patterned on European metropolises) had an
ambivalent character. While its main purpose was
an objection to applying the frontier thesis to Cana-
dian history, it still stemmed from the frontier idea.
Fred Alexander (1899-1996, first dean of the
Department of History at the University of West-
ern Australia, Perth) and William Keith Hancock
(1898-1988, professor at the universities of Ade-
laide, Birmingham, Oxford, London, Canberra) in-
troduced it into the history of Australia in the 1940s.
Their colleagues welcomed such an approach unan-
imously, without a dissenting vote. Thus Australian
historiography lacked the sharp discussions on the
subject of the frontier that took place in Canada.
The frontier thesis won enthusiastic acclaim from
the Australian historians. Now, as in Canada, the
frontier approach in Australia is strongly influenced
by the “New Western School” of US historiography
with its focus on the destructive consequences of
colonial expansion for ecology and aboriginal so-
cieties. The main achievement of the Australians in
the field of comparative frontiers is the idea of a big
man s frontier (contrary to the small farmers’ fron-
tier of Turner), which was first introduced by Brian
Fitzpatrick in 1941.
The idea of the frontier also heavily affected the
history of Russia. For his part, Turner had opposed
applying his thesis to European history, but later he
conceded that Russia should have her own frontier
interpretation. The strong emphasis of Sergey Solo-
vyov and Vasiliy Kliuchevskiy on steppe coloniza-
tion as a determining factor of Russian history, the
Solovyov thesis about the dichotomy of “forest -
steppe” seem to match Turner’s idea of the frontier.
A drift toward implementing the frontier thesis into
Russian history was strengthened in the period of
World War II. Donald Treadgold from the Univer-
sity of Washington was a pioneer in adapting the
frontier thesis to the history of Russia in the 1950s.
On the other hand, contrary to numerous compari-
sons with Russian history in the works of Lattimore
and McNeill, this trend had not been developed
well. Alexej Yefimov (1896-1971) was a distin-
guished Soviet historian of Modem Europe and the
US who introduced the frontier thesis into Soviet
historiography. Approaching the frontier thesis in
the light of Marxism he even once called Turner a
distinguished scholar. But in the times of the Cold
War and the ideological confrontation between the
Soviet Union and US, the American scholars ig-
nored this call, while his Soviet colleagues did not
support him. Yefimov’s students adopted the fron-
tier thesis after the fall of the Soviet Union. Today
the frontier approach is mostly welcomed in the
milieu of Siberian historians. Since 1990 Siberian
universities hosted joint conferences of Russian
and American scholars dealing with the frontier
approach to Siberian history. Some monographs in
this field have been published in Russia. Russian
history also prompted Rieber to develop his idea
about complex ecological frontiers and Andreas
Kappeler to work out his typology of the frontier.
The study also deals with various aspects of the
implementation of the frontier thesis into the field
of medieval history, mostly in American and British
historiography.
One could divide the process of the implemen-
tation of the frontier thesis in medieval studies into
three periods:
• James Westfall Thompson (1869-1941, profes-
sor at the University of Chicago and President of
the American Historical Association in 1941) pre-
sented the problem for the first time at the meeting
of the American Historical Association in 1912. As
a result of his discussions with Thompson, Turn-
er proposed also to apply the frontier thesis to the
history of medieval Central Europe. This had been
developing very slowly because, firstly, of the open
racism of Thompson (he focused his research on
the Drang nach Osten process which his colleagues
could not approve, especially after World War II),
and second, the methodological approach of com-
parative studies limited comparisons in the same
epoch.
• The Spanish historians resolved the latter prob-
lem in 1930-1960. Approaching Reconquest as
colonization (repoblación) they successfully ap-
plied Turner’s thesis to the history of the Pyrenean
peninsula. The ideas of the Spanish historians en-
couraged their American colleagues. Charles Bish-
370
The Frontier Thesis: A Comparative Approach and the Ukrainian Context
ko presented his views in the report “The Frontier
in the Medieval Ages” at the current meeting of the
American Historical Association in 1955. By that
time Thomson s legacy had been forgotten. Bishko,
Robert Reynolds, Archibald Lewis, Karl Verlinden
from Belgium, and others confirmed the opinion
that the American frontiers were just a part of the
“Expansion of Europe” process. The Mediterranean
frontier (with its Black Sea branch, as Reynolds
remarked) was planted on new American ground.
Robert Ignatius Bums (1921-2008), professor at
John Hopkins University (1958) and the universi-
ties of Freiburg (Switzerland, 1961), San-Francis-
co (1958-1976), University of California (1958-
1976), and a founder and director of the Institute
of Medieval Mediterranean Spain (Playa del Rey,
California), a winner of eight honorary doctorates
and a few medals of the Spanish historical societies,
continued this trend in the next period.
• Owing to the shift of medieval frontiers studies
to Great Britain in 1990 a new period began. It fo-
cused not just on the transplantation of the old medi-
eval economic frontiers to new American ground in
the course of the “expansion of Europe” but also on
the transformation of former frontiers into modem
borders in light of a hermeneutic approach. Since
one of the main features of medieval societies was
a lack of integration, according to the new sophisti-
cated interpretation, the whole territory of medieval
Europe was, in itself, a frontier - a normal state of
affairs in multicultural pre-modem societies. Fol-
lowing Lucien Febvre (who first introduced com-
parative philology into the comparative frontiers in
1928 while focusing on the languages of the West)
the author examines its etymology and uncovers
also Arab, Chinese, Greek, Polish, Ukrainian, Per-
sian, Russian, Spanish, Turkish synonyms and col-
laterals. The mass of synonyms for the notion of the
frontier not just in Western languages but also in
ancient Eastern languages supports the suggestion
that the phenomenon of the frontier is much older
than Turner’s original idea.
Etymology
Lat. fines, termini, limes; frons - front, fore-
part; fronteria (medieval) - line of battle.
Fr. fins (to the 18th cent.), limite (to 18th cent.),
frontière (since the 14th cent.).
Eng. limit (to the 18th cent), border, boundary;
frontier (since the 14th cent., generally as Grenzen).
Eng. US frontier (as a zone of settlements of
colonists on an edge of civilization)
Synonyms and Collaterals.
Sanskrit mardza.
Germ. Marka, later Mark (sign, balk).
Eng, Fr. march, marche,
Arab, hadd (from «eut») - «edge of sword» -
literally, «end of something» - generally; tagr
(pluralis - tugur) - original meaning «front fangs
of dog», marca paganorum (Spanish equivalent -
Extremadura); border outlet; cawasim - hinter-
land; Dar al-Islam - good Muslim world, Dar al-
Harb - zone of Holy War against infidels .
Gr. horos - marker, or fringe, or outer limit;
acra - reduced form of acropolis.
Spanish marco, Extremadura.
Chin.jiang (boundary), guan (barrier).
Pol. marchia, Ukraina, Dzikie Pola (Wild
Fields, came from Italian maps from the 17th cent.,
Campi Deserti), antemurale christianitatis (Bul-
wark of Christianity, an invention of medieval
Vatican diplomacy), przedmurze chrzescianstwa,
kresy wschodnie (19th cent.), rubiez.
Russ. Meotca, nepma, pyôeoic, 2panuija,
HeMupnax HencanHax 3eMJiuita; for Ukraine -
JfuKoellojie, Kpau, ympaima (pluralis -yxpambi),
yKpawubie eocydapeebi ocmpoau, 3acem,
noHU3oebie ovyKpauHHbie eopodu.
Turk, uç - furthest point, limit, end, border,
land; uç beylik, serhadd (from Persian) - marca
paganorum.
Ukr. Kpaü, VKpdina, pyôiotc.
Pers. marz, serhadd (from Pers. ser - edge and
Arab, hadd), meant also border fortress; together
with the Turkish suffix -lik - serhaddlik - marca
paganorum.
There were also two periods in the reception
of the ancient Roman limes in the light of the
frontier:
• While a first US monograph in this field was
released just in 1985, such an approach is basically
371
The Frontier Thesis: A Comparative Approach and the Ukrainian Context
a new trend, despite similar comparisons in Latti-
more’s works and a few texts published after World
WarIL
•The center of limes research was transferred
to Great Britain in the last decade of the twentieth
century, along with medieval studies. Owing first of
all to Charles Whittaker (1929-2008), professor of
English at Cambridge University, the broad interna-
tional discussion around Edward Luttwak’s book on
the “Grand Strategy” of the Roman frontiers simul-
taneously accounted for considerable réévaluation
of the limes phenomenon. Charles Whittaker lam-
basted Luttwak for implementing the contemporary
notion of “strategy” into ancient history. Instead
of Lord Curson’s “scientific frontiers” the British
scholar suggested to use Lattimore’s thesis on eco-
logical frontiers, rooted in the field of economics.
The main significance of the limes lay in providing
supplies and security for communications. Applying
the anthropological theory of acculturation Whittat-
ker also doubted the thesis of the Völkerwanderung
as a main a reason for the collapse of the Roman
Empire. The barbarian hordes were not as large as
the ancient historians imagined. Thus internecine
fighting and disintegration, not barbarian invasions,
caused the fall of ancient Rome. Just as the con-
temporary European illegal immigrants are seeking
jobs in Europe, the barbarians were not looking for
Rome’s fall but wanted integration into the body of
the empire. On the other hand, as a rule, the Romans
did not like to inhabit and colonize conquered coun-
tries. As a result the barbarian migrants transformed
the limes and eventually the metropolis. So there is
continuity between ancient and medieval societies,
Owing to this interaction, notwithstanding the Ro-
man attempts to assimilate the barbarians, the fron-
tier swallowed the empire, not visa verse. Now his
views are widely acclaimed.
Ukrainian frontier studies is the youngest trend
in comparative frontiers. The modem state of
Ukraine bears the notion of “frontier” in its name.
The irony, however, lies in the fact that “Ukraine”
as a nation-name is of late origin and is a product of
the late nineteenth century when the actual frontier
had disappeared from the map of Eastern Europe
(at the same time as Turner was announcing “the
frontier’s end”). “Ukraine” as a name for a coun-
try and a nation was picked up by the Ukrainian
intelligentsia as a part of the so-called “Cossack
myth”, which expressed the Ukrainian past as a pre-
dominantly Cossack experience and the Ukrainian
nation as cemented by its Cossack history. The
phenomenon of Cossacks in its various manifes-
tations, including that of a semi-autonomous state
of the seventeenth and the major part of the eigh-
teenth centuries, was typical to one region of what
now constitutes Ukraine. Gradually, however, this
image has been extended upon other parts of what
was conceived during the nineteenth century as
Ukraine, covering such diverse historical provinces
as Galicia, Volhynia, Bukovyna etc.
Although Lattimore often mentioned the Ukrai-
nian Cossacks in his numerous works, McNeill was
the first to introduce Ukraine as a special field to
comparative frontiers studies in the frame of Amer-
ican historiography. The author treats Hiroaki Ku-
romia’s book Freedom and Terror in the Donbas:
A UJcrainian-Russian Borderland, 187Os-1990s
(Cambridge University Press, 1998) as the best
example of a case study of frontier interpretation of
the Ukrainian past in the US.
In fact, many Ukrainian historians (first of all
Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Dmytro Bahalij, and their
students) approached their own country in terms of
Turner, but nobody called it by its name until Ivan
Lysiak-Rudnyc’ky, the Canadian scholar, first pre-
sented the problem in 1966 in his review of William
McNeill’s brochure on comparative frontiers. Yaro-
slav Dashkevych was the only Ukrainian scholar
who specially tried to elaborate the conceptual ad-
aptation of the frontier thesis to Ukrainian matters
in their entirety.
Generally the problem of the colonization of the
Ukrainian “Wild Fields” has not been a mainstream
issue until now, when some historians of the youn-
ger generation have tried to come to terms with the
frontier thesis in their recent researches on the Cos-
sacks as well as the settlement of Eastern and South-
ern Ukraine, Slobids’ka Ukraina, and Kuban’. The
focus on the settlement of the early modem empty
lands has not been the primary goal of Ukrainian
372
The Frontier Thesis: A Comparative Approach and the Ukrainian Context
historiography up to this time, despite to the rich
colonizing experience there. As nation-builders, the
Ukrainian historians chose to focus on other mat-
ters, reacting to the cultural and political challenges
of their respective times. Now there is an intellectual
fashion among the Ukrainian historians to approach
Ukrainian history in the light of the frontier thesis
and a new direction of Ukrainian historiography is
in the state of formation.
The task of the last part is to apply knowledge
regarding comparative frontiers to the history of
Ukraine. The first case study are the Ukrainian
Cossacks in the broader context of the frontier vi-
olence experts: limitanes of ancient Rome, Seljuc
gazi, Byzantine akritai (apitaloi), Turkish marto-
loses and Vlachs {morlaches)y crusaders, Balkan
haiduks, granicari of Croatia, Szekelyek of Transyl-
vania, Cossacks of Ukraine and Russia, cowboys
of the Americas (vaquero of Mexico, vaqeiro of
Brazil, gaucho of Argentina, huaso of Chilie, cow-
boys of the USA and Canada, llanero of Columbia
and Venezuela), Brazil bandejrantes, maroons of
Latin America. The comparative view corroborated
a democratic direction of the frontier idea (;rugged
individualism thesis). As a rule, all these peoples
had strong self-rule tradition, founded their own
morale code, shared common group identity. On
the other hand, their history confirmed McNeill’s
note on the significance of the nouveau riche for
the European Steppe Frontier within the customary
feudal system of the metropolis. Contrary to the US
situation, those people gradually reduced the liber-
ties of, and finally subjugated the frontier. While the
past frontier liberties did not account for liberaliza-
tion through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries,
now the state of democracy in the CIS countries is
too fragile.
The Turkish origin of the Slavic Cossack tra-
dition simultaneously witnessed multiethnic and
multicultural feature of the Ukrainian population in
all its history - untill Stalin’s pacification and mod-
ernization through repressions and deportations.
The intensive interaction between sedentary Ruthe-
nians, on the one hand, and the Tartar nomads, on
the other, resulted in the development of a distinc-
tive Ukrainian culture. While the rich experience of
Kievan Rus prevented Slavs from assimilating with
the Tartars, gradually the former adapted from the
latter the manners and military skills indispensable
for Steppe survival. Thus, Tartar influences resulted
in a basic transformation of the indigenous cultu-
ral background while simultaneously drawing the
participants of the process together. Despite the
bellicose rhetoric of a “holy war” on both sides as
well as numerous patterns of violent escalation, as
a rule, both participants were motivated by reason-
able activity. Such a rapprochement had long range
results, and Ukraine is still multicultural even in the
twentieth century.
Although the history of non-Ukrainians in con-
temporary Ukrainian historiography is still mar-
ginal (except for the colonization of the ancient
Greeks), their historical legacy and influences do
not reflect this marginal state. While the Genoese
(and, to some degree, Turks) integrated the Black
Sea regions into the Mediterranean medieval fron-
tier and (allegedly) basically affected the Steppe
frontier and hinterland, their history up to now
has not been a popular subject of study. Even the
history of the Crimean Tartars is underestimated in
Ukrainian historiography, not to mention the Ar-
menians, Caraits, medieval Greeks, Jews, Poles,
and so on.
How the imaginative marginal group could
dominate the mainstream, can be demonstrated on
the pattern of a gender approach to the history of the
Zaporozhian Cossacks. All world frontiers suffered
from a shortage of females. That factor resulted in
the development of some, at the first sight, strange
and ludicrous marriage strategies and conjugal cus-
toms. As a rule, a society reacted to this challenge
into two ways: either full separation of women and
families from the military camps of males (monks,
crusaders and Zaporozhian Cossacks), or a minimal
participation of the male population in the home
economics where the women dominated (cf. the
Russian, especially Terek, Cossacks). To survive,
the frontier societies had to solve two major tasks:
to defend and to reproduce themselves. In this con-
text, since a family as a main economic cell was si-
multaneously a burden and asylum, a society need-
373
The Frontier Thesis: A Comparative Approach and the Ukrainian Context
ed to find a compromise between these two choices.
This factor may explain not just the demonstrative
disregard of the Zaporozhian Cossacks towards
women, but also the strange disdain of the poorer,
unmarried “knights” towards the more respected,
powerful, self-interested married Cossacks with
their material abundance and so on.
The idea of the rise of the American people as
a composite nationality, regardless of the ethnic
factors, is one of the main components of Turner’s
frontier thesis. Generally the frontier historians
stressed the frontier’s significant role in the deve-
lopment of new nations as a melting pot. In oth-
er words, the identities of pioneers did not really
matter because of the shortage of human resourc-
es. Immigrants were integrated into new frontier
societies relatively easily. The Cossack case also
corroborates this. There were a lot of men of diffe-
rent origin among them, not just representatives of
neighboring peoples (Byelorussians, Caraits, Ger-
mans, Jews, Poles, Tartars), but also Scotts, Span-
iards, and even a black man from Africa is men-
tioned once. In addition, common cultural values
and economic interdependence brought together
distinct frontier peoples. In many cases such fron-
tier melting pots gradually blended them into a new
nation. Repressions and deportations of the Stalin
period ended the natural evolution of the Ukrainian
frontier, and this was completed by the formation of
the Ukrainian socialist nation as a transitional stage
towards the coalescence of a single Soviet people.
The common frontier identity, in fact, under-
girded Ukrainian nationalism, which was formed,
as a rule, by historians and writers. At the same
time, ambivalence, lack of integration, and divided
consciousness were immanent problems, even in
the Galicia of the twentieth century. On the other
hand, using the African experience Igor Kopytoff,
an American anthropologist, assumed that immi-
grant societies were not looking for a new cultural
tradition but rather were eager to recreate that of
the metropolis.
Ukraine is not the only instance of early mod-
em frontier Europe which won independence at the
end of the twentieth century. Now the frontier con-
ditions are gone but some of the features are still
alive. Since only some of the people had adopted
the idea of Ukrainian nationalism, Andrew Wilson,
the English historian, estimated the latter as a “mi-
nority faith” as far back as 1996. Not one president
of independent Ukraine had been able to overcome
his own in between consciousness (i.e., between the
West and Russia). Ultimately, this feature was one
of a main reasons for Viktor Yanukovych’s down-
fall. The attempts to found new nationalities and
detach some regions either on the East (Crimea, the
Donbas) or West (the Transcarpathian Region, for
example) complicate the situation. But even in the
Donbas there is a minority opposing the pro-Rus-
sian majority and significant minorities that do not
welcome the pro-Western orientation of the majo-
rity, live in many other regions of Ukraine. Simulta-
neously, with the unexpected transformation of the
Donbas into a military frontier Ukraine became a
frontier of European civilization, a zone of deter-
mined resistance to Russian expansion westward.
In effect, one can not overestimate the signi-
ficance of the frontier for the history of Ukraine.
Whereas it provided the Ukrainian people with a
sense of identity, at the same time the ambivalent and
divided consciousness that arose from it prevented
the ultimate melding of the people into a nation.
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Čornovol, Ihor Pavlovyč 1966- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1016653808 |
| author_facet | Čornovol, Ihor Pavlovyč 1966- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Čornovol, Ihor Pavlovyč 1966- |
| author_variant | i p č ip ipč |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043720333 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)957491072 (DE-599)BVBBV043720333 |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Ukraine |
| id | DE-604.BV043720333 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:33:21Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789668978876 |
| language | Ukrainian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029132406 |
| oclc_num | 957491072 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 373 Seiten Illustrationen |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSearch | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | Krytyka |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Čornovol, Ihor Pavlovyč 1966- Verfasser (DE-588)1016653808 aut Komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis Ihor Čornovol The frontier thesis Kyïv Krytyka 2015 373 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Text ukrainisch, Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache Kyrillische Schrift Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Frontier Motiv (DE-588)4624753-1 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 g Frontier Motiv (DE-588)4624753-1 s Geschichte z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Čornovol, Ihor Pavlovyč 1966- Komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis Frontier Motiv (DE-588)4624753-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4624753-1 (DE-588)4061496-7 |
| title | Komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis |
| title_alt | The frontier thesis |
| title_auth | Komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis |
| title_exact_search | Komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis |
| title_full | Komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis Ihor Čornovol |
| title_fullStr | Komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis Ihor Čornovol |
| title_full_unstemmed | Komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis Ihor Čornovol |
| title_short | Komparatyvni frontyry |
| title_sort | komparatyvni frontyry svitovyj i vitcyznjanyj vymir the frontier thesis |
| title_sub | svitovyj i vitčyznjanyj vymir = The frontier thesis |
| topic | Frontier Motiv (DE-588)4624753-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Frontier Motiv Ukraine |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029132406&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cornovolihorpavlovyc komparatyvnifrontyrysvitovyjivitcyznjanyjvymirthefrontierthesis AT cornovolihorpavlovyc thefrontierthesis |