Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East: a guide
Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East: A Guide surveys the lithic record for the East Mediterranean Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, and adjacent territories) from the earliest times to 6,500 years ago. It is intended both as an introduction to this lithic evidence for studen...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
2013
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | BSB01 UBG01 URL des Erstveröffentlichers |
| Zusammenfassung: | Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East: A Guide surveys the lithic record for the East Mediterranean Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, and adjacent territories) from the earliest times to 6,500 years ago. It is intended both as an introduction to this lithic evidence for students and as a resource for researchers working with Paleolithic and Neolithic stone tool evidence. Written by a lithic analyst and professional flintknapper, this book systematically examines variation in technology, typology, and industries for the Lower, Middle, and Upper Paleolithic; the Epipaleolithic; and Neolithic periods in the Near East. It is extensively illustrated with drawings of stone tools. In addition to surveying the lithic evidence, the book also considers ways in which archaeological treatment of this evidence could be changed to make it more relevant to major issues in human origins research. A final chapter shows how change in stone tool designs points to increasing human dependence on stone tools across the long sweep of Stone Age prehistory |
| Beschreibung: | Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015) |
| Beschreibung: | 1 online resource (xvii, 408 pages) |
| ISBN: | 9781139026314 |
| DOI: | 10.1017/CBO9781139026314 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000zc 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV043695774 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
| 007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 160801s2013 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781139026314 |c Online |9 978-1-139-02631-4 | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1017/CBO9781139026314 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781139026314 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)949922712 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV043695774 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-473 |a DE-12 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 939.4 |2 23 | |
| 100 | 1 | |a Shea, John J. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East |b a guide |c John J. Shea, Stony Brook University |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Stone Tools in the Paleolithic & Neolithic Near East |
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge |b Cambridge University Press |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a 1 online resource (xvii, 408 pages) | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015) | ||
| 505 | 8 | |a 1. Introduction -- 2. Lithics basics -- 3. The Lower Paleolithic -- 4. The Middle Paleolithic -- 5. The Upper Paleolithic -- 6. The Epipaleolithic -- 7. The Neolithic -- 8. Conclusion | |
| 520 | |a Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East: A Guide surveys the lithic record for the East Mediterranean Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, and adjacent territories) from the earliest times to 6,500 years ago. It is intended both as an introduction to this lithic evidence for students and as a resource for researchers working with Paleolithic and Neolithic stone tool evidence. Written by a lithic analyst and professional flintknapper, this book systematically examines variation in technology, typology, and industries for the Lower, Middle, and Upper Paleolithic; the Epipaleolithic; and Neolithic periods in the Near East. It is extensively illustrated with drawings of stone tools. In addition to surveying the lithic evidence, the book also considers ways in which archaeological treatment of this evidence could be changed to make it more relevant to major issues in human origins research. A final chapter shows how change in stone tool designs points to increasing human dependence on stone tools across the long sweep of Stone Age prehistory | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Funde | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Paleolithic period / Middle East | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Neolithic period / Middle East | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Tools, Prehistoric / Middle East | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Stone implements / Middle East | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Ausgrabung |0 (DE-588)4129464-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Neolithikum |0 (DE-588)4075272-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Paläolithikum |0 (DE-588)4140148-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Funde |0 (DE-588)4071507-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Steingerät |0 (DE-588)4057175-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a Naher Osten | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Middle East / Antiquities | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Naher Osten |0 (DE-588)4068878-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Naher Osten |0 (DE-588)4068878-1 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Steingerät |0 (DE-588)4057175-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Paläolithikum |0 (DE-588)4140148-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Neolithikum |0 (DE-588)4075272-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Ausgrabung |0 (DE-588)4129464-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 5 | |a Funde |0 (DE-588)4071507-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |8 1\p |5 DE-604 | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druckausgabe |z 978-1-107-00698-0 |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druckausgabe |z 978-1-107-55202-9 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139026314 |x Verlag |z URL des Erstveröffentlichers |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a ZDB-20-CBO | ||
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029108344 | ||
| 883 | 1 | |8 1\p |a cgwrk |d 20201028 |q DE-101 |u https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk | |
| 966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139026314 |l BSB01 |p ZDB-20-CBO |q BSB_PDA_CBO |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
| 966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139026314 |l UBG01 |p ZDB-20-CBO |q UBG_PDA_CBO |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804176473709346816 |
|---|---|
| any_adam_object | |
| author | Shea, John J. |
| author_facet | Shea, John J. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Shea, John J. |
| author_variant | j j s jj jjs |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043695774 |
| collection | ZDB-20-CBO |
| contents | 1. Introduction -- 2. Lithics basics -- 3. The Lower Paleolithic -- 4. The Middle Paleolithic -- 5. The Upper Paleolithic -- 6. The Epipaleolithic -- 7. The Neolithic -- 8. Conclusion |
| ctrlnum | (ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781139026314 (OCoLC)949922712 (DE-599)BVBBV043695774 |
| dewey-full | 939.4 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 939 - Other parts of ancient world |
| dewey-raw | 939.4 |
| dewey-search | 939.4 |
| dewey-sort | 3939.4 |
| dewey-tens | 930 - History of ancient world to ca. 499 |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/CBO9781139026314 |
| format | Electronic eBook |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>03911nmm a2200661zc 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV043695774</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">160801s2013 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781139026314</subfield><subfield code="c">Online</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-139-02631-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1017/CBO9781139026314</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781139026314</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)949922712</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV043695774</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-473</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">939.4</subfield><subfield code="2">23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Shea, John J.</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East</subfield><subfield code="b">a guide</subfield><subfield code="c">John J. Shea, Stony Brook University</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="246" ind1="1" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Stone Tools in the Paleolithic & Neolithic Near East</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cambridge</subfield><subfield code="b">Cambridge University Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2013</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 online resource (xvii, 408 pages)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1. Introduction -- 2. Lithics basics -- 3. The Lower Paleolithic -- 4. The Middle Paleolithic -- 5. The Upper Paleolithic -- 6. The Epipaleolithic -- 7. The Neolithic -- 8. Conclusion</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East: A Guide surveys the lithic record for the East Mediterranean Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, and adjacent territories) from the earliest times to 6,500 years ago. It is intended both as an introduction to this lithic evidence for students and as a resource for researchers working with Paleolithic and Neolithic stone tool evidence. Written by a lithic analyst and professional flintknapper, this book systematically examines variation in technology, typology, and industries for the Lower, Middle, and Upper Paleolithic; the Epipaleolithic; and Neolithic periods in the Near East. It is extensively illustrated with drawings of stone tools. In addition to surveying the lithic evidence, the book also considers ways in which archaeological treatment of this evidence could be changed to make it more relevant to major issues in human origins research. A final chapter shows how change in stone tool designs points to increasing human dependence on stone tools across the long sweep of Stone Age prehistory</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Funde</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Paleolithic period / Middle East</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Neolithic period / Middle East</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Tools, Prehistoric / Middle East</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Stone implements / Middle East</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Ausgrabung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4129464-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Neolithikum</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4075272-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Paläolithikum</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4140148-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Funde</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4071507-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Steingerät</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4057175-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Naher Osten</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Middle East / Antiquities</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Naher Osten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4068878-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Naher Osten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4068878-1</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Steingerät</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4057175-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Paläolithikum</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4140148-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Neolithikum</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4075272-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Ausgrabung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4129464-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Funde</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4071507-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druckausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-107-00698-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druckausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-107-55202-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139026314</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">URL des Erstveröffentlichers</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-20-CBO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029108344</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="883" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="a">cgwrk</subfield><subfield code="d">20201028</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-101</subfield><subfield code="u">https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139026314</subfield><subfield code="l">BSB01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-20-CBO</subfield><subfield code="q">BSB_PDA_CBO</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139026314</subfield><subfield code="l">UBG01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-20-CBO</subfield><subfield code="q">UBG_PDA_CBO</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Naher Osten Middle East / Antiquities Naher Osten (DE-588)4068878-1 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Naher Osten Middle East / Antiquities |
| id | DE-604.BV043695774 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:32:45Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781139026314 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029108344 |
| oclc_num | 949922712 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-12 |
| physical | 1 online resource (xvii, 408 pages) |
| psigel | ZDB-20-CBO ZDB-20-CBO BSB_PDA_CBO ZDB-20-CBO UBG_PDA_CBO |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateSearch | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Shea, John J. Verfasser aut Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East a guide John J. Shea, Stony Brook University Stone Tools in the Paleolithic & Neolithic Near East Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2013 1 online resource (xvii, 408 pages) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015) 1. Introduction -- 2. Lithics basics -- 3. The Lower Paleolithic -- 4. The Middle Paleolithic -- 5. The Upper Paleolithic -- 6. The Epipaleolithic -- 7. The Neolithic -- 8. Conclusion Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East: A Guide surveys the lithic record for the East Mediterranean Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, and adjacent territories) from the earliest times to 6,500 years ago. It is intended both as an introduction to this lithic evidence for students and as a resource for researchers working with Paleolithic and Neolithic stone tool evidence. Written by a lithic analyst and professional flintknapper, this book systematically examines variation in technology, typology, and industries for the Lower, Middle, and Upper Paleolithic; the Epipaleolithic; and Neolithic periods in the Near East. It is extensively illustrated with drawings of stone tools. In addition to surveying the lithic evidence, the book also considers ways in which archaeological treatment of this evidence could be changed to make it more relevant to major issues in human origins research. A final chapter shows how change in stone tool designs points to increasing human dependence on stone tools across the long sweep of Stone Age prehistory Funde Paleolithic period / Middle East Neolithic period / Middle East Tools, Prehistoric / Middle East Stone implements / Middle East Ausgrabung (DE-588)4129464-6 gnd rswk-swf Neolithikum (DE-588)4075272-0 gnd rswk-swf Paläolithikum (DE-588)4140148-7 gnd rswk-swf Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd rswk-swf Steingerät (DE-588)4057175-0 gnd rswk-swf Naher Osten Middle East / Antiquities Naher Osten (DE-588)4068878-1 gnd rswk-swf Naher Osten (DE-588)4068878-1 g Steingerät (DE-588)4057175-0 s Paläolithikum (DE-588)4140148-7 s Neolithikum (DE-588)4075272-0 s Ausgrabung (DE-588)4129464-6 s Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 s 1\p DE-604 Erscheint auch als Druckausgabe 978-1-107-00698-0 Erscheint auch als Druckausgabe 978-1-107-55202-9 https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139026314 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Shea, John J. Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East a guide 1. Introduction -- 2. Lithics basics -- 3. The Lower Paleolithic -- 4. The Middle Paleolithic -- 5. The Upper Paleolithic -- 6. The Epipaleolithic -- 7. The Neolithic -- 8. Conclusion Funde Paleolithic period / Middle East Neolithic period / Middle East Tools, Prehistoric / Middle East Stone implements / Middle East Ausgrabung (DE-588)4129464-6 gnd Neolithikum (DE-588)4075272-0 gnd Paläolithikum (DE-588)4140148-7 gnd Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd Steingerät (DE-588)4057175-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4129464-6 (DE-588)4075272-0 (DE-588)4140148-7 (DE-588)4071507-3 (DE-588)4057175-0 (DE-588)4068878-1 |
| title | Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East a guide |
| title_alt | Stone Tools in the Paleolithic & Neolithic Near East |
| title_auth | Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East a guide |
| title_exact_search | Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East a guide |
| title_full | Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East a guide John J. Shea, Stony Brook University |
| title_fullStr | Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East a guide John J. Shea, Stony Brook University |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East a guide John J. Shea, Stony Brook University |
| title_short | Stone tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic near East |
| title_sort | stone tools in the paleolithic and neolithic near east a guide |
| title_sub | a guide |
| topic | Funde Paleolithic period / Middle East Neolithic period / Middle East Tools, Prehistoric / Middle East Stone implements / Middle East Ausgrabung (DE-588)4129464-6 gnd Neolithikum (DE-588)4075272-0 gnd Paläolithikum (DE-588)4140148-7 gnd Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd Steingerät (DE-588)4057175-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Funde Paleolithic period / Middle East Neolithic period / Middle East Tools, Prehistoric / Middle East Stone implements / Middle East Ausgrabung Neolithikum Paläolithikum Steingerät Naher Osten Middle East / Antiquities |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139026314 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sheajohnj stonetoolsinthepaleolithicandneolithicneareastaguide AT sheajohnj stonetoolsinthepaleolithicneolithicneareast |