Mammal societies:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chichester, West Sussex
Wiley
2016
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| Ausgabe: | First published |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | xiv, 744 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781119095323 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Mammal Societi
Tim Clutton-Brock
Department of Zoology
University of Cambridge
WILEY
Contents
Preface, xi
Acknowledgements, xiii
1 Social evolution, 1
1 1 Origins, 1
1 2 Sociality and mating systems, 11
1 3 Reproductive competition, 13
Between males, 13
Between females, 15 ,
1 4 Mate choice, 17
1 5 Parental care, 20
Males and females, 20
Parent-offspring conflict, 22
Offspring sex ratios, 23
1 6 Cooperation, 24
Definitions, 24
Prestige, 24
Induced assistance, 24
Pseudo-reciprocity, 24
Shared benefits, 25
Reciprocity, 27
Altruistic assistance, 29
Cheats and defectors, 33
1 7 Loaded labels, 34
References, 35
2 Female sociality, 47
2 1 Introduction, 47
2 2 Contrasts in female sociality, 47
Solitary foragers, 47
Social foragers, 50
Networks, 52
2 3 Benefits of grouping, 53
Reducing risks of predator attack, 53
Finding and catching food, 57
Reproductive benefits, 59
Fitness of emigrants, 59
Group persistence, 60
Individual differences, 60
2 4 Costs of grouping, 60
Predators and parasites, 60
Resource competition, 62
Reproductive competition, 63
Male infanticide, 6 5
2 5 Sociality and fitness, 63
2 6 Comparative sociality, 65
Rodents, 65
Primates, 66
Carnivores, 69
Ungulates, 71
Megaherbivores, 72
Cetaceans, 74
Insectivores and bats, 75
Marsupials and monotremes, 77
2 7 The distribution of female sociality, 78
2 8 Group coordination, 79
2 9 Consequences of female sociality, 80
Group cohesion, 80
Reproductive strategies in males, 81
Genetic structure of groups and
populations, 81
Cognitive development and brain size, 82
Population dynamics and demography, 83
References, 85
3 Female dispersal and philopatry, 94
3 1 Introduction, 94
3 2 Variation in female philopatry and
dispersal, 96
3 3 Benefits of philopairy, 102
Survival, 102
vi Contents
Reproductive success, 102
3 4 Benefits of dispersing, 104
Competition avoidance, 104
Inbreeding avoidance, 106
Inbreeding costs, 106
Mechanisms of inbreeding avoidance, 110
3 5 Species differences in female
philopatry, 111
3 6 Social and ecological consequences
of female philopatry, 113
References, 115
4 Female mating decisions, 123
4 1 Introduction, 123
4 2 Direct benefits of mate choice to
females, 128
4 3 Genetic benefits of mate choice to
females, 128
4 4 Female mating preferences, 130
Maturity, 130
Dominance, 131
Fertility, 132
Investment, 132
Weaponry, 133
Coloration, 134
Vocal displays, 137
Olfactory displays, 137
Relatedness, 138
Heterozygosity, genetic dissimilarity and
compatibility, 140
4 5 Mate^hoice copying, 142
4 6 Partner number and post-copulatory mate
choice, 142
4 7 Variation in mate choice and partner
number, 145
Within species, 145
Between species, 145
4 8 Consequences of female mating
preferences, 146
References, 147
5 Maternal care, 156
5 1 Introduction, 156
5 2 The evolution of maternal care, 156
Investment and maternal survival, 156
Safe harbours and offspring
development, 157
Allocation of resources to different
offspring, 158
Conflicts between sibs, 159
Parent-offspring conflict, 160
Conflicts between carers, 160
5 3 Prenatal investment, 162
Gestation, 162
Species differences, 165
Intraspecific variation, 165
Selection for prenatal growth, 166
5 4 Maternal effects, 166
5 5 Lactation and infant care, 170
Duration, 170
Energetic costs, 171
Intraspecific variation, 174
Fitness costs, 176
5 6 Post-weaning investment, 176
Post-weaning care, 176
Inheritance of resources, 178
Social support, 178
Post-reproductive investment, 179
5 7 Investment strategies, 180
Maternal investment and fitness costs, 180
Maternal investment and offspring needs, 180
Maternal investment and offspring
quality, 181
Non-offspring nursing, 182
5 8 Relationships between siblings, 182
Sibling competition, I 82
Sibling cooperation, 185
5 9 Parent-offspring conllict, 185
5 10 Consequences of maicrnal care, 187
References, 188
6 Social development, 196
6 1 Introduction, 196
6 2 Social learning, 197
Contents vii
6 3 Social development, 203
6 4 Play, 204
6 5 Social knowledge, 205
6 6 Individual differences and personality, 210
6 7 Traditions, 212
References, 219
7 Communication, 226
7 1 Introduction, 226
What s in a grunt?, 226
The evolution of signalling systems, 227
Signal reliability, 228
Signal function, 230
Signal complexity, 230
7 2 Types of signal, 230
Contact calls, 230
Moving calls, 232
Feeding calls, 233
Mother-offspring signals, 233
Alarm signals, 234
Sentinel calls, 240
Sexual signals, 241
Copulation calls, 245
Threats and reassurance, 246
Territorial signals, 246
7 3 Signalling in theory and practice, 250
Repertoire size and signal variability, 250
Flonesty and deception, 251
Signal reliability, 252
References, 255
8 Competition between females, 263
8 1 Introduction, 263
8 2 Competitive tactics, 267
Threats, punishment and harassment, 267
Reproductive suppression, 268
Infanticide, 269
Eviction, 272
8 3 Social structure and competition, 273
Dominance systems, 273
Dominance and reproductive success, 274
The acquisition of dominance, 276
Dependent rank, 277
8 4 Conflict proliferation and limitation, 282
Retaliation, 282
Reconciliation and reassurance, 282
Consolation and intervention, 284
8 5 Consequences of female competition, 285
Reproductive skew, 285
Sexual dimorphism, 285
Regulation of group size, 289
References, 290
9 Cooperation between females, 298
9 1 Introduction, 298
9 2 Cooperation in different contexts, 298
Defence against predators, 298
Alarm calls and sentinel behaviour, 300
Defence against neighbours and
immigrants, 303
Cooperative hunting, 304
Food storage and sharing, 308
Communal care of young, 311
Allo-lactation, 312
Mutual support in competitive
interactions, 314
Allo-grooming, 315
Policing, 320
The causal basis of cooperation, 320
9 3 Cheating in theory and practice, 322
9 4 The evolution of cooperation, 323
9 5 Consequences of cooperation, 324
References, 326
10 Mating systems, 333
10 1 Introduction, 333
10 2 Social monogamy, 33^
Forms of social monogamy, 335
Social monogamy and male care, 336
Social polyandry, 338
10 3 Polygynous systems, 3 39
Scramble promiscuity, 539
Female-guarding polygyny, 340
Range-guarding polygyny, 342
viii Contents
Group-guarding polygyny, 343
Permanent harems, 343
Seasonal harems, 344
Associations of harems, 345
Dynamics of harem groups, 346
Subordinate males, 346
Multi-male groups, 347
Site-guarding polygyny, 348
Resource-based mating territories, 348
Leks, 352
10 4 Genetic mating systems, 359
10 5 Consequences of polygyny, 360
Male life histories, 360
Variation in male breeding success, 363
Selection on male trails, 363
Kinship structure, 364
References, 365
11 Association between males, 373
11 1 Introduction, 373
11 2 Contrasts in the formation and structure of
male groups, 373
Temporary associations, 373
Bachelor groups, 375
Residents and satellites, 376
Multi-male associations, 377
11 3 Costs of association to males, 379
11 4 Benefits of association to males, 380
11 5 Kinship, familiarity, cooperation and
hostility, 384
11 6 The size of male associations, 386
11 7 Contrasts in reproductive skew, 389
11 8 Consequences of male association, 391
References, 395
12 Male dispersal and its consequences, 401
12 1 Introduction, 401
12 2 Variation in dispersal rates by males, 401
12 3 The costs and benefits of dispersal to males,
12 4 Secondary dispersal by males, 412
12 5 Sex differences in philopatry, 414
12 6 Dispersal distance, 4 I 6
12 7 The social and ecological consequences of
male dispersal, 418
References, 421
13 Reproductive competition among
males, 427
13 1 Introduction, 427
13 2 The benefits and cosis of fighting, 427
13 3 Assessment and the evolution of male
displays, 434
Visual displays, 434
Vocal displays, 437
Olfactory displays, 440
Honesty and deception in male
displays, 444
l34 Adaptive fighting tactics, 445
13 5 Benefits and costs ol mate guarding, 445
13 6 Adaptive guarding tactics, 447
13 7 Alternative tactics, 452
13 8 Sperm competition, 453
Morphological adaptations to sperm
competition, 453
Behavioural adaptations to sperm
competition, 454
13 9 Consequences of reproductive competition
between males, 456
References, 458
14 Relationships between males in
multi-male groups, 466
14 1 Introduction, 466
14 2 The development of dominance, 467
14 3 Dominance and breeding success, 470
14 4 Reproductive skew in multi-male
groups, 474
14 5 Dominance, condition and survival, 476
14 6 Coalitions and alliances, 477
The distribution of coalitions, 477
Types of coalitions, 479
Evolution of coalitionary behaviour, 480
Contents ix
14 7 Market models and the dynamics of
supportive relationships, 482
14 8 Punishment, retaliation and reconciliation,
14 9 The consequences of male hierarchies, 484
Skew, kinship and genetic structure, 484
Relationships between females, 485
Machiavellian behaviour and brain size, 485
References, 486
15 Males and females, 493
15 1 Introduction, 493
15 2 Male mate choice, 494
15 3 Manipulation, 496
15 4 Coercion, 496
Forced copulation, 496
Harassment, 498
Punishment and intimidation, 502
15 5 Female counter-strategies to male coercion,
15 6 Male infanticide, 508
15 7 Female counter-strategies to male
infanticide, 516
Responses to intruders, 516
Reproductive adaptations, 518
Social adaptations, 520
15 8 Post-copulatory sexual conflict, 521
15 9 Demographic consequences of sexual
conflict, 521
References, 524
16 Paternal care, 532
16 1 Introduction, 532
16 2 The distribution of paternal care, 533
Polygynous mammals, 533
Monogamous mammals, 538
16 3 Control mechanisms, 543
16 4 Benefits and costs of paternal care, 545
Benefits, 545
Costs, 546
16 5 Tactical investment, 547
16 6 Conflicts between parents, 548
16 7 Male care and the evolution of mating
systems, 548
References, 551
17 Cooperative breeding, 557
17 1 Introduction, 557
17 2 Delayed dispersal, 562
17 3 Reproductive suppression, 564
Costs and benefits, 564
Fertility suppression, 564
Induced abortion, 567
Female infanticide, 567
Eviction, 568
Subordinate counter-sirategies, 568
Reproductive suppression in males, 569
17 4 Reproductive skew, 570
Measures, 570
Models, 570
Tests, 572
17 5 Benefits and costs of helping, 574
Effects of helpers, 574
Costs of helping, 577
Allo-lactation, 577
I76 Division of labour, 580
Age, size and sex, 580
Individual differences, 581
Kinship, 583
Social bonds, 583
Cheating and false-feeding , 584
17 7 Regulation of workload, 584
17 8 The evolution of cooperative breeding, 586
17 9 Consequences of cooperative breeding, 589
Fecundity and longevity in females, 589
Male longevity, 589
Variance in breeding success, 589
Reproductive competition, 590
Development, 590
Sex ratio biases, 590
Brain size, 591
Prosocial behaviour, 592 •
x Contents
Group size, 592
Population dynamics, 592
References, 594
18 Sex differences, 605
18 1 Introduction, 605
18 2 Body size, 606
18 3 Weaponry, 608
18 4 Ornaments, 610
18 5 Growth, 610
Prenatal growth and development, 610
Postnatal growth and development, 615
18 6 Nursing, 615
Sex differences in nursing time and
ingestion, 615
Rearing costs, 616
18 7 Social development, 618
Maternal proximity, 618
Aggression, 619
Play, 620
18 8 Feeding ecology, 621
18 9 Mortality, 623
Adults, 623
Juveniles and adolescents, 624
18 10 Sex ratios at birth, 626
Population averages, 626
Variation between females, 628
Mechanisms, 629
Adaptive significance, 629
18 11 Adult sex ratios, 631
References, 633
19 Hominins and humans, 643
19 1 Introduction, 643
19 2 Human evolution, 644
Phylogeny, 644
Brain size, 644
Technology, 646
Human traits, 647
Language, 648
19 3 Life histories, 649
19 4 Sex differences, 653
Size and growth, 653
Reproductive traits, 655
Males, 655
Females, 657
Juvenile behaviour, 659
Aggression, 659
Cooperation, 662
Cognition, 662
Survival, 662
19 5 Hominin and human societies, 663
Early hominins, 663
Hunter-gatherers and foragers, 664
Agriculturalists and pastoralists, 668
Tribes, chiefdoms and states, 670
19 6 Why us?, 671
References, 673
20 Human behaviour, 680
20 1 Introduction, 680
20 2 Mate choice, 681
Incest and inbreeding avoidance, 681
Female preferences, 682
Male preferences, 685
Homosexuality, 685
Coercion, 686
20 3 Parental care, 687
Maternal care, 687
Paternal care, 689
20 4 Allo-parental care, 693
Grandmothers and others, 693
The evolution of post-reproductive lifespans
in women, 695
20 5 Cooperation, 698
The evolution of human cooperation, 698
Cooperative defence and warfare, 702
Food sharing, 704
Reproductive cooperation, 708
Prosociality, 709
20 6 The human condition, 713
References, 714
Index, 725
|
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| id | DE-604.BV043654065 |
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| isbn | 9781119095323 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 015040498 |
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| spelling | Clutton-Brock, Tim H. 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)142587095 aut Mammal societies Tim Clutton-Brock, Department of zoology, University of Cambridge First published Chichester, West Sussex Wiley 2016 xiv, 744 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Säugetiere (DE-588)4051253-8 gnd rswk-swf Sozialverhalten (DE-588)4055903-8 gnd rswk-swf Säugetiere (DE-588)4051253-8 s Sozialverhalten (DE-588)4055903-8 s DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029067602&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Clutton-Brock, Tim H. 1946- Mammal societies Säugetiere (DE-588)4051253-8 gnd Sozialverhalten (DE-588)4055903-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4051253-8 (DE-588)4055903-8 |
| title | Mammal societies |
| title_auth | Mammal societies |
| title_exact_search | Mammal societies |
| title_full | Mammal societies Tim Clutton-Brock, Department of zoology, University of Cambridge |
| title_fullStr | Mammal societies Tim Clutton-Brock, Department of zoology, University of Cambridge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mammal societies Tim Clutton-Brock, Department of zoology, University of Cambridge |
| title_short | Mammal societies |
| title_sort | mammal societies |
| topic | Säugetiere (DE-588)4051253-8 gnd Sozialverhalten (DE-588)4055903-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Säugetiere Sozialverhalten |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029067602&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cluttonbrocktimh mammalsocieties |