Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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[Cham]
Springer
[2016]
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 373 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme 235 mm x 155 mm |
| ISBN: | 9783319092492 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications |c Martin Schmal |
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| 653 | |a Selection of Catalysts for Chemical Processes | ||
| 653 | |a Empirical Vs Theoretical Models for Selecting Cat. & Pro. | ||
| 653 | |a Theoretical Background of Catalysis | ||
| 653 | |a Influence of Variables & Parameters for Comp. of the Catalyst | ||
| 653 | |a Physicochemical and Chemical Characterization of Catalysts | ||
| 653 | |a Spectroscopic Analysis of Surface Properties | ||
| 653 | |a Microscopy of Nanostructured Catalysts | ||
| 653 | |a In Situ Characterization of Catalysts | ||
| 653 | |a Microkinetics for Determining Kinetic Parameters | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1806333833387180032 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Titel: Heterogeneous catalysis and its industrial applications
Autor: Schmal, Martin
Jahr: 2016
Contents
1 Introduction.1
1.1 Nanostructured Systems.4
2 Model Catalysts.5
References.9
3 Activity Pattern.11
3.1 Influence of the Structure and of the Surface.16
3.1.1 Metals.16
3.1.2 Oxides.17
3.1.3 Acid-Base Solids.18
3.2 Model Reactions.18
3.2.1 Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexane.20
3.2.2 Hydrogenolysis of Methylcyclopentane.21
3.2.3 Benzene Hydrogenation.22
3.2.4 Butadiene Hydrogenation.23
3.2.5 Carbon Monoxide Oxidation.24
References.25
4 Adsorption-Desorption.27
4.1 Basic Concepts.27
4.1.1 Introduction.27
4.1.2 Energy Diagram.30
4.1.3 Characteristics.31
4.2 Adsorption-Desorption Models.37
4.2.1 Introduction.37
4.3 Adsorption on Metals.45
4.3.1 Lennard-Jones Diagram.47
4.3.2 Mechanisms of Adsorption of Gases.48
4.4 Adsorption on Semiconductor Oxides.59
References.61
xi
xii
Contents
5 Basic Concepts.
5.1 Geometric Configurations: Steric Effects.
5.2 Electronic Configurations: Electronic Effects—Band
and Orbital Theories.
5.2.1 Band Theory.
5.2.2 Theory of Molecular Orbitals.
5.2.3 The Electronegativity Theory: The Role
of Electrons .
5.2.4 Conclusion.
5.3 Examples.
5.3.1 Design of a Catalyst: Alcohol Route.
5.3.2 Deoxygenation of Benzoic Acid to Benzaldehyde .
References.
6 Textural and Thermochemical Characterizations.
6.1 Part I: Adsorption Methods for Determination of Surface Areas
and Pore Volumes.
6.1.1 Physical Adsorption or Physisorption.
6.1.2 Chemical Adsorption or Chemisorption.
6.1.3 Porosity.
6.1.4 Specific Surface Area: BET Method.
6.1.5 Other Adsorption Models.
6.1.6 Chemisorption.
6.1.7 Calculation of Metal Surface Area, Dispersion,
and Particle Diameter.
6.2 Part II: Thermal-Programmed Methods.
6.2.1 Introduction.
6.2.2 Apparatus.
6.2.3 Quantitative Analyses.
6.2.4 Temperature Programmed Desorption.
6.2.5 Temperature Programmed Reduction.
6.2.6 Temperature Programmed Oxidation.
6.2.7 Differential Scanning Calorimetry.
6.2.8 Thermogravimetric and Thermo-Differential
Analyses.
6.2.9 Temperature Programmed Surface Reaction.
References.
7 Catalyst Preparation.
7.1 Introduction.
7.1.1 Materials for the Preparation.
7.2 Precipitation and Coprecipitation.
7.2.1 Thermodynamic Analyses.
7.2.2 Kinetics of the Precipitation.
7.2.3 Amorphous Solids.
63
63
67
68
71
77
82
82
82
86
96
99
99
99
100
101
102
111
112
114
120
120
121
122
124
132
144
149
150
154
157
161
161
163
165
165
169
172
Contents xiii
7.2.4 Coprecipitation.174
7.2.5 Deposition-Precipitation.175
7.3 Impregnation.177
7.3.1 Impregnation Methods.177
7.3.2 Ion Exchange.182
References.186
8 Variables Influencing Final Properties of Catalysts.189
8.1 Influence of pH.189
8.2 Autoclaving.189
8.3 Influence of Time, Concentration, and Impregnation
Cycles.191
8.4 Thermal Treatments.191
8.4.1 Drying.191
8.4.2 Calcination.193
8.5 Effect of Reduction Temperature on Interaction
and Sintering.196
8.6 Influence of the Support and the Metal Concentration
on the Reduction.197
8.7 Influence of the Heating Rate.198
8.8 Influence of Steam.199
8.9 Effect of Temperature and Reaction Time.199
8.10 Strong Metal Support Interaction.200
8.11 Conclusion.202
References.202
9 Structural Analyses: X-ray Diffraction.205
Martin Schmal and Carlos Andre C. Perez
9.1 Concepts and Parameters Influencing X-ray Diffraction.205
9.1.1 Instrumentation.212
9.1.2 Interpretation of X-ray Diffractograms: Phase
Identification.214
9.1.3 Interpretation of the X-ray Diffractograms:
Crystallite Size.215
9.2 X-ray Diffraction Analyses: In Situ Analyses.222
9.2.1 Structure Analyses: XRD.222
9.2.2 Reducibility of Oxide (LaCoOa)
by In Situ XRD.222
References.225
10 Spectroscopy in the Infrared Region.227
Martin Schmal and Deborah Vargas Cesar
10.1 Interpretation of Infrared Spectra.231
10.2 Sample Handling: Analysis of Solids, Liquids, and Gases.232
10.3 Surface Characterization of Solids Using Probe
Molecules.234
10.4 Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform
Spectroscopy (DRIFTS).
10.5 Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS)
in the Visible UV Region.
References.
11 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ESCA: XPS/ISS).
Martin Schmal and Carlos Andre C. Perez
11.1 Introduction.
11.2 Concepts.
11.3 Surface Chemical Composition.
11.4 Oxidation State.
11.5 ISS Spectra.
11.6 Surface Analyses XPS "In Situ".
11.6.1 XPS Spectra of Calcined and Reduced Catalyst.
11.6.2 XPS In Situ Reaction: Methane Oxidation.
11.6.3 ISS: CO Adsorption In Situ.
References.
12 Electronic Microscopy: General and Specific Notions.
Martin Schmal and Sonia M.R.Vasconcelos
12.1 Imaging in SEM: Basic Principles.
12.2 Secondary Electrons.
12.3 X-Ray Analysis.
12.4 Preparation of Catalyst Samples for SEM Analyses.
12.5 Transmission Electronic Microscopy.
12.6 Examples.
12.7 Preparation of Catalyst Samples for TEM.
References.
13 Nanostructured Catalysts.
Martin Schmal and Silvia Moya
13.1 Part I: Introduction.
13.1.1 Synthesis of Nanostructured Catalysts.
13.1.2 In Situ Precipitation of Metal Precursors.
13.1.3 Synthesis of Stabilized Nanoparticles: Colloidal
Nanoparticles.
13.1.4 Metal Nanostructures [8, 17-53].
13.1.5 Oxide Nanocrystals [18, 19, 24, 44, 51 53
63,72-152].
13.1.6 Mixed Oxides: Perovskite Structures
Perovskites.
13.2 Part II: Graphenes.
13.2.1 Syntheses of Graphenes .
13.2.2 Syntheses of Metals on Graphene Nanosheets.
Contents xv
13.2.3 Structure.317
13.3 Conclusion.320
References.321
14 Kinetics and Mechanisms.329
14.1 Kinetics of the Carbon Monoxide Oxidation
on Pt/Ti02 Catalyst.333
14.2 Kinetics of a Bifunctional Model: Methane Dry
Reforming with C02.335
14.3 Mathematical Modeling of Microkinetics.337
14.3.1 Statistical Analyses: Influence of Independent
Variables on Reaction Rates.337
14.4 Conclusions.337
References.338
15 Evaluation of Industrial Catalysts.341
15.1 Hydrogenation in Petrol Pyrolysis Unit.341
15.1.1 Introduction.341
15.2 1,3-Butadiene Conversion at High Pressure.347
15.2.1 Butadiene Hydrogenation Reaction at 25 atm.349
15.3 Production of Polyalcohol at High-Pressure Hydrogenation
of Cane Sugar and Hydrolyzed Amides.350
15.3.1 Introduction.350
15.3.2 Experimental.351
15.3.3 Conclusions.354
References.354
Nomenclature.357
Index.369 |
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| spelling | Schmal, Martin Verfasser aut Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications Martin Schmal [Cham] Springer [2016] © 2016 XV, 373 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme 235 mm x 155 mm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Chemische Industrie (DE-588)4009848-5 gnd rswk-swf Heterogene Katalyse (DE-588)4123377-3 gnd rswk-swf Upper undergraduate ; Zielgruppe TDC ; BIC Subject Heading Selection of Catalysts for Chemical Processes Empirical Vs Theoretical Models for Selecting Cat. & Pro. Theoretical Background of Catalysis Influence of Variables & Parameters for Comp. of the Catalyst Physicochemical and Chemical Characterization of Catalysts Spectroscopic Analysis of Surface Properties Microscopy of Nanostructured Catalysts In Situ Characterization of Catalysts Microkinetics for Determining Kinetic Parameters (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Heterogene Katalyse (DE-588)4123377-3 s Chemische Industrie (DE-588)4009848-5 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-319-09250-8 X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=4693903&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029062379&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Schmal, Martin Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications Chemische Industrie (DE-588)4009848-5 gnd Heterogene Katalyse (DE-588)4123377-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4009848-5 (DE-588)4123377-3 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications |
| title_auth | Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications |
| title_exact_search | Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications |
| title_full | Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications Martin Schmal |
| title_fullStr | Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications Martin Schmal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications Martin Schmal |
| title_short | Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications |
| title_sort | heterogeneous catalysis and its industrial applications |
| topic | Chemische Industrie (DE-588)4009848-5 gnd Heterogene Katalyse (DE-588)4123377-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Chemische Industrie Heterogene Katalyse Lehrbuch |
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