Verfügbarkeit: SignGram Blueprint

SignGram Blueprint: a guide to sign language grammar writing

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Weitere Verfasser:	Quer Villanueva, Josep 1965- (HerausgeberIn), Cecchetto, Carlo 1964- (HerausgeberIn), Donati, Caterina (HerausgeberIn), Geraci, Carlo (HerausgeberIn), Kelepir, Meltem (HerausgeberIn), Pfau, Roland 1966- (HerausgeberIn), Steinbach, Markus 1967- (HerausgeberIn)
Format:	Elektronisch E-Book
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Berlin ; Boston De Gruyter Mouton [2017]
Online-Zugang:	Volltext Volltext Volltext Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	Erscheint als Open Access bei De Gruyter
Beschreibung:	1 Online-Ressource
ISBN:	9781501511806 9781501516085
DOI:	10.1515/9781501511806

Internformat

MARC


LEADER	00000nmm a2200000 c 4500
001	BV043643429
003	DE-604
005	20180308
007	cr\|uuu---uuuuu
008	160628s2017 \|\|\|\| o\|\|u\| \|\|\|\|\|\|eng d
016	7		\|a 1127762559 \|2 DE-101
020			\|a 9781501511806 \|c Online, PDF \|9 978-1-5015-1180-6
020			\|a 9781501516085 \|c Online, EPUB \|9 978-1-5015-1608-5
024	7		\|a 10.1515/9781501511806 \|2 doi
035			\|a (ZDB-94-OAB)DOAB25673
035			\|a (OCoLC)1015866044
035			\|a (DE-599)DNB1127762559
040			\|a DE-604 \|b ger \|e rda
041	0		\|a eng
049			\|a DE-B1533 \|a DE-M100 \|a DE-12 \|a DE-634 \|a DE-210 \|a DE-1052 \|a DE-521 \|a DE-1102 \|a DE-1046 \|a DE-1047 \|a DE-1028 \|a DE-Aug4 \|a DE-1050 \|a DE-573 \|a DE-M347 \|a DE-92 \|a DE-1051 \|a DE-898 \|a DE-859 \|a DE-860 \|a DE-1049 \|a DE-863 \|a DE-862 \|a DE-523 \|a DE-11 \|a DE-Re13 \|a DE-Y3 \|a DE-255 \|a DE-Y7 \|a DE-Y2 \|a DE-70 \|a DE-2174 \|a DE-127 \|a DE-22 \|a DE-155 \|a DE-150 \|a DE-154 \|a DE-91 \|a DE-384 \|a DE-473 \|a DE-19 \|a DE-355 \|a DE-703 \|a DE-20 \|a DE-706 \|a DE-824 \|a DE-29 \|a DE-739
084			\|a ES 175 \|0 (DE-625)27814: \|2 rvk
245	1	0	\|a SignGram Blueprint \|b a guide to sign language grammar writing \|c edited by Josep Quer, Carlo Cecchetto, Caterina Donati, Carlo Geraci, Meltem Kelepir, Roland Pfau, and Markus Steinbach (scientific directors) ; with the collaboration of Brendan Costello and Rannveig Sverrisdóttir
264		1	\|a Berlin ; Boston \|b De Gruyter Mouton \|c [2017]
264		4	\|c © 2017
300			\|a 1 Online-Ressource
336			\|b txt \|2 rdacontent
337			\|b c \|2 rdamedia
338			\|b cr \|2 rdacarrier
500			\|a Erscheint als Open Access bei De Gruyter
700	1		\|a Quer Villanueva, Josep \|d 1965- \|0 (DE-588)139166335 \|4 edt
700	1		\|a Cecchetto, Carlo \|d 1964- \|0 (DE-588)173503314 \|4 edt
700	1		\|a Donati, Caterina \|4 edt
700	1		\|a Geraci, Carlo \|4 edt
700	1		\|a Kelepir, Meltem \|0 (DE-588)139005781 \|4 edt
700	1		\|a Pfau, Roland \|d 1966- \|0 (DE-588)137454163 \|4 edt
700	1		\|a Steinbach, Markus \|d 1967- \|0 (DE-588)123196043 \|4 edt
776	0	8	\|i Erscheint auch als \|n Druck-Ausgabe, hardback \|z 978-1-5015-1570-5
856	4	0	\|u http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/467598 \|x Verlag \|z kostenfrei \|3 Volltext
856	4	0	\|u https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501511806 \|x Resolving-System \|z kostenfrei \|3 Volltext
856	4	0	\|u https://www.doabooks.org/doab?func=fulltext&uiLanguage=en&rid=25673 \|x Verlag \|z kostenfrei \|3 Volltext
856	4	2	\|m DNB Datenaustausch \|q application/pdf \|u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029057195&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA \|3 Inhaltsverzeichnis
912			\|a ZDB-23-DGG \|a ZDB-94-OAB \|a ZDB-23-GOA
943	1		\|a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029057195

Datensatz im Suchindex

DE-BY-FWS_katkey	620410
_version_	1813306279573061632
adam_text	CONTENTS INTRODUCTION: LETTER TO THE GRAMMAR WRITER - V NOTATIONAL CONVENTIONS - XIII SIGN LANGUAGE ACRONYMS - XIV STRUCTURE OF THE SIGNGRAM COST ACTION IS1006 ---- XVI LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS---- XVII ACKNOWLEDGMENTS - XIX PART 1: SOCIO-HISTORICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER 0 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS - 3 CHAPTER 1 HISTORY ---- 3 CHAPTER 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 THE SIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNITY - 5 COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS ---- 5 SIGN LANGUAGE USERS ---- 6 DEAF CULTURE ---- 6 DEAF EDUCATION ---- 8 CHAPTER 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 STATUS ---- 9 CURRENT LEGISLATION - 10 LANGUAGE POLICY - 10 LANGUAGE ATTITUDES ---- 11 CHAPTER 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 LINGUISTIC STUDY - 12 GRAMMATICAL DESCRIPTION ---- 12 LEXICOGRAPHIC WORK ---- 13 CORPORA ---- 13 SOCIOLINGUISTIC VARIATION - 14 COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES - SOCIO-HISTORICAL BACKGROUND - 15 PART 2: PHONOLOGY CHAPTER 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS - 21 WHAT IS PHONOLOGY? ---- 21 ORGANIZATION OF THE PHONOLOGY PART ---- 21 HOW TO USE THE PHONOLOGY PART ---- 21 XLIV - CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 1.0 1.0.1 1.0.2 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.2 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 SUBLEXICAL STRUCTURE ---- 22 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 22 WHAT SHOULD GO INTO THIS CHAPTER AND WHAT SHOULD NOT? ---- 22 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 22 ACTIVE ARTICULATORS ---- 23 PHONEMIC HANDSHAPES ---- 24 SELECTED FINGERS ---- 24 FINGER CONFIGURATION ---- 25 ORIENTATION ---- 27 THE MANUAL ALPHABET AND NUMBER SIGNS ---- 28 OTHER ACTIVE ARTICULATORS ---- 28 1.2 LOCATION ----- 29 1.3 MOVEMENT ----- 30 1.3.1 PATH MOVEMENTS -- 30 1.3.2 SECONDARY MOVEMENTS ------ 31 1.4 TWO-HANDED SIGNS ----- 32 1.4.1 SYMMETRICAL SIGNS ----- 33 1.4.2 ASYMMETRICAL SIGNS ----- 33 1.5 NON-MANUALS ----- 34 1.5.1 MOUTH GESTURES ---- 34 1.5.2 MOUTHINGS ----- 35 1.5.3 OTHER NON-MANUALS - 35 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 35 REFERENCES ---- 36 CHAPTER 2 PROSODY---- 37 2.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 37 2.0.1 WHAT IS PROSODY? ----- 37 2.0.2 PROSODIC MARKERS ----- 38 2.0.3 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ----- 40 2.0.4 OUTLINE OF THE CHAPTER ----- 41 2.1 THE LEXICAL LEVEL ----- 41 2.1.1 SYLLABLE ---- 41 2.1.2 FOOT ----- 43 2.2 ABOVE THE LEXICAL LEVEL ----- 44 2.2.1 PROSODIC WORD ----- 45 2.2.2 PHONOLOGICAL PHRASE ------ 47 2.2.3 INTONATIONAL PHRASE ----- 47 2.2.4 PHONOLOGICAL UTTERANCE ----- 49 2.3 INTONATION ----- 49 2.4 INTERACTION ----- 50 CONTENTS - XLV 2.4.1 TURN REGULATION ----- 50 2.4.2 BACK-CHANNELING ----- 51 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 51 REFERENCES ---- 51 CHAPTER 3 PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSES - 53 3.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 53 3.0.1 WHAT IS A PHONOLOGICAL PROCESS? ---- 53 3.0.2 CAVEATS ----- 53 3.0.3 OUTLINE OF THE CHAPTER ----- 54 3.1 PROCESSES AFFECTING THE PHONEMIC LEVEL ------ 54 3.1.1 ASSIMILATION ---- 54 3.1.2 COALESCENCE ----- 55 3.1.3 MOVEMENT REDUCTION AND EXTENSION ----- 56 3.1.3.1 WITHOUT JOINT SHIFT ---- 57 3.1.3.2 WITH JOINT SHIFT ----- 57 3.1.4 WEAK HAND DROP ---- 58 3.1.5 HANDSHAPE DROP ----- 58 3.1.6 NATIVIZATION ----- 59 3.1.7 METATHESIS ----- 59 3.2 PROCESSES AFFECTING THE SYLLABLE -----60 3.2.1 EPENTHESIS ----- 60 3.2.2 SYLLABLE REDUCTION ----- 61 3.2.3 SYLLABLE REANALYSIS ----- 61 3.3 PROCESSES AFFECTING THE PROSODIC WORD ----- 62 3.3.1 REDUPLICATION ----- 62 3.3.2 PHONOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CLITICIZATION AND COMPOUNDING ---- 63 3.4 PROCESSES AFFECTING HIGHER PROSODIC UNITS ---- 63 3.4.1 ORGANIZATION OF THE SIGNING SPACE ---- 63 3.4.2 DIFFERENCES IN " LOUDNESS " : WHISPERING AND SHOUTING MODE ---- 64 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 65 REFERENCES ---- 65 COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES - PHONOLOGY - 66 PART 3: LEXICON CHAPTER 0 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS - 73 0.1 WHAT IS THE LEXICON? ---- 73 0.2 ORGANIZATION OF THE LEXICON PART ---- 75 0.3 HOW TO USE THE LEXICON PART ---- 75 XLVI - CONTENTS ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 93 REFERENCES ---- 93 CHAPTER 1 1.0 1.0.1 1.0.2 1.1 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 THE NATIVE LEXICON - 76 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 76 WHAT IS THE NATIVE LEXICON? ----- 76 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ----- 78 CORE LEXICON ---- 79 NON-CORE LEXICON ---- 83 CLASSIFIER CONSTRUCTIONS ---- 84 POINTING ---- 85 BUOYS ---- 86 INTERACTION BETWEEN CORE AND NON-CORE LEXICON -----86 LEXICALIZATION PROCESSES ---- 87 MODIFICATION OF CORE LEXICON SIGNS ---- 90 SIMULTANEOUS CONSTRUCTIONS AND USE OF THE NON-DOMINANT HAND ---- 92 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 106 REFERENCES ---- 106 CHAPTER 2 2.0 2.0.1 2.0.2 2.0.3 2.0.4 THE NON-NATIVE LEXICON ---- 94 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 94 WHAT IS THE NON-NATIVE LEXICON? ---- 94 HOW TO DECIDE WHETHER A PARTICULAR FORM IS BORROWED ---- 94 MORPHO-PHONOLOGICAL MARKING OF BORROWED FORMS ---- 95 WHEN SHOULD A BORROWED FORM BE CONSIDERED PART OF THE LEXICON? ---- 95 2.0.5 2.1 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.2.1 2.2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.3.1 2.2.3.2 2.2.3.3 2.2.4 2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 96 BORROWINGS FROM OTHER SIGN LANGUAGES ---- 96 BORROWINGS FROM (NEIGHBORING) SPOKEN LANGUAGE ---- 97 CALQUES/LOAN TRANSLATIONS ---- 97 LEXICALIZATION OF FINGERSPELLING ---- 97 INITIALIZATION ---- 98 MULTIPLE-LETTER SIGNS ---- 100 MOUTHING ---- 102 FULL FORMS ---- 102 REDUCED FORMS ---- 103 MOUTHING AND FINGERSPELLING ---- 103 OTHER MARGINAL TYPES OF BORROWING ---- 103 BORROWINGS FROM CONVENTIONALIZED GESTURES ---- 104 LEXICAL FUNCTIONS ---- 105 GRAMMATICAL FUNCTIONS ---- 105 CONTENTS - XLVII CHAPTER 3 PARTS OF SPEECH - 107 3.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 107 3.0.1 WHAT ARE PARTS OF SPEECH? ---- 107 3.0.2 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES - 108 3.1 NOUNS ---- 109 3.1.1 COMMON NOUNS ---- 109 3.1.2 PROPER NOUNS AND NAME SIGNS - 112 3.2 VERBS ---- 114 3.2.1 PLAIN VERBS ---- 114 3.2.2 AGREEMENT VERBS ---- 115 3.2.3 SPATIAL VERBS ---- 116 3.3 LEXICAL EXPRESSIONS OF INFLECTIONAL CATEGORIES ---- 116 3.3.1 TENSE MARKERS ---- 117 3.3.2 ASPECT MARKERS ---- 118 3.3.3 MODALITY MARKERS ---- 119 3.3.3.1 DEONTIC MODALITY ---- 120 3.3.3.2 EPISTEMIC MODALITY ---- 121 3.3.4 AGREEMENT MARKERS ---- 122 3.4 ADJECTIVES ---- 124 3.4.1 ATTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVES ---- 124 3.4.2 PREDICATIVE ADJECTIVES ---- 126 3.5 ADVERBIALS ---- 127 3.5.1 VERB-ORIENTED ADVERBIALS ---- 128 3.5.2 SENTENCE ADVERBIALS ---- 129 3.6 DETERMINERS ---- 130 3.6.1 DEFINITE DETERMINERS ---- 132 3.6.2 INDEFINITE DETERMINERS ---- 132 3.7 PRONOUNS ----- 134 3.7.1 LOCATIVE AND DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS ---- 134 3.7.2 PERSONAL PRONOUNS ----- 135 3.7.2.1 PERSON ----- 136 3.7.2.2 NUMBER ----- 137 3.7.2.3 CLUSIVITY ---- 138 3.7.2.4 CASE ---- 139 3.7.2.5 GENDER ---- 139 3.7.2.6 HONORIFIC PRONOUNS ----- 140 3.7.2.7 LOGOPHORIC PRONOUNS ----- 140 3.7.3 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS ----- 141 3.7.4 REFLEXIVE AND RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS ----- 142 3.7.5 INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS ----- 142 3.7.6 RELATIVE PRONOUNS ----- 143 XLVIII ----- CONTENTS ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 155 REFERENCES ---- 156 3.7.7 3.8 3.8.1 3.8.2 3.9 3.9.1 3.9.2 3.9.3 3.10 3.10.1 3.10.1.1 3.10.1.2 3.10.1.3 3.10.2 3.11 3.11.1 3.11.2 3.11.3 3.12 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS ---- 144 ADPOSITIONS ---- 144 MANUAL ADPOSITIONS ---- 144 ADPOSITIONS AND SPATIAL RELATIONS ---- 145 CONJUNCTIONS ---- 146 COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS ---- 146 SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS ---- 146 CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS ---- 148 NUMERALS AND QUANTIFIERS ---- 148 NUMERALS ---- 148 CARDINAL NUMERALS ---- 149 ORDINAL NUMERALS ---- 150 DISTRIBUTIVE NUMERALS ---- 151 QUANTIFIERS ---- 151 PARTICLES ---- 152 NEGATIVE PARTICLES ---- 152 QUESTION PARTICLES ---- 153 DISCOURSE PARTICLES ---- 154 INTERJECTIONS ---- 155 COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES - LEXICON - 157 PART 4: MORPHOLOGY CHAPTER 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS---- 167 WHAT IS MORPHOLOGY? ---- 167 ORGANIZATION OF THE MORPHOLOGY PART ---- 168 HOW TO USE THE MORPHOLOGY PART ---- 168 CHAPTER 1 1.0 1.0.1 1.0.2 1.0.3 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1.2 COMPOUNDING ---- 169 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 169 WHAT IS A COMPOUND? ---- 169 TYPES OF COMPOUNDS ---- 170 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 171 NATIVE COMPOUNDS ---- 172 SEQUENTIAL COMPOUNDS ---- 172 SEMANTIC STRUCTURE ---- 172 ENDOCENTRIC COMPOUNDS ---- 173 EXOCENTRIC COMPOUNDS ---- 173 CONTENTS - XLIX 1.1.1.2 SYNTACTIC STRUCTURE ----- 174 1.1.1.2.1 SUBORDINATE COMPOUNDS ----- 174 1.1.1.2.2 COORDINATE COMPOUNDS ----- 175 1.1.13 COMPOUNDS INVOLVING SASS ----- 176 1.1.2 SIMULTANEOUS AND SEMI-SIMULTANEOUS COMPOUNDS ----- 177 1.1.2.1 SIMULTANEOUS COMPOUNDS - 178 1.1.2.2 SEMI-SIMULTANEOUS COMPOUNDS ----- 180 1.2 LOAN COMPOUNDS ----- 181 1.2.1 FAITHFUL LOANS ----- 181 1.2.2 MODIFIED LOANS ----- 182 13 COMPOUNDS WITH FINGERSPELLED COMPONENTS ------ 183 13.1 SEQUENTIAL ----- 183 13.1.1 NATIVE-LIKE YY - 183 13.1.2 LOAN-LIKE ----- 183 1.3.2 SIMULTANEOUS ----- 184 1.4 PHONOLOGICAL AND PROSODIC CHARACTERISTICS ----- 185 1.4.1 PHONOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS - 185 1.4.2 PROSODIC CHARACTERISTICS ----- 186 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 187 REFERENCES ---- 188 CHAPTER 2 DERIVATION - 188 2.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 188 2.0.1 WHAT IS DERIVATION? ---- 188 2.0.2 HOW IS DERIVATION MARKED? ----- 189 2.0.3 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ----- 191 2.1 MANUAL MARKERS OF DERIVATION ----- 192 2.1.1 SEQUENTIAL DERIVATION ----- 192 2.1.1.1 AGENTIVE ----- 192 2.1.1.2 NEGATIVE ----- 193 2.1.13 ATTENUATIVE ---- 194 2.1.2 SIMULTANEOUS DERIVATION ----- 195 2.1.2.1 NOUN-VERB PAIRS ------ 195 2.1.2.2 ATTENUATIVE ---- 196 2.2 NON-MANUAL MARKERS OF DERIVATION ----- 196 2.2.1 DIMINUTIVE AND AUGMENTATIVE ------ 197 2.2.2 INTENSIVE ----- 198 2.2.3 PROXIMITY ----- 198 2.2.4 NOUN-VERB PAIRS: MOUTHINGS ----- 199 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 199 REFERENCES ---- 200 I - CONTENTS CHAPTER 3 VERBAL INFLECTION ---- 201 3.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 201 3.0.1 WHAT IS INFLECTION? ---- 201 3.0.2 HOW IS INFLECTION MARKED? ---- 201 3.0.3 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 202 3.1 AGREEMENT ---- 204 3.1.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 204 3.1.0.1 WHAT IS AGREEMENT? ---- 204 3.1.0.2 TERMINOLOGY ---- 205 3.1.0.3 MARKING AGREEMENT IN SIGN LANGUAGES ---- 205 3.1.0.4 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 207 3.1.1 PERSON AND LOCATIVE MARKERS ---- 207 3.1.1.1 SUBJECT MARKERS ---- 208 3.1.1.2 OBJECT MARKERS ---- 210 3.1.1.3 LOCATIVE MARKERS ---- 211 3.1.2 NUMBER MARKERS ---- 212 3.1.2.1 DUAL ---- 213 3.1.2.2 MULTIPLE ---- 213 3.1.2.3 EXHAUSTIVE ---- 213 3.1.3 RECIPROCAL MARKERS ---- 215 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 216 REFERENCES ---- 217 REFERENCES ---- 221 3.2 3.2.0 3.2.0.1 3.2.0.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 TENSE ---- 218 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 218 WHAT IS TENSE? ---- 218 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 218 TIME LINES ---- 219 TENSE INFLECTION ---- 220 3.3 ASPECT ----- 222 3.3. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES - 222 3.3. 0.1 WHAT IS ASPECT? ----- 222 3.3. 0.2 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES - 223 3.3.1 IMPERFECTIVE ----- 224 3.3.1.1 HABITUAL ----- 224 3.3.1.2 CONTINUATIVE/DURATIVE ----- 225 3.3.1.3 CONATIVE ----- 225 3.3.2 PERFECTIVE ----- 226 3.3.2.1 ITERATIVE ----- 227 3.3.2.2 INCEPTIVE/INCHOATIVE ----- 227 3.3.2.3 COMPLETIVE ----- 228 REFERENCES ---- 228 CONTENTS - LI 3.4 MODALITY ---- 229 3.4. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ------ 229 3.4. 0.1 WHAT IS MODALITY? ----- 229 3.4. 0.2 DEONTIC AND EPISTEMIC MODALITY ----- 230 3.4. 0.3 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ------ 230 3.4.1 DEONTIC MODALITY ----- 231 3.4.2 EPISTEMIC MODALITY ----- 232 REFERENCES ---- 233 3.5 NEGATION ----- 234 3.5. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ------ 234 3.5. 0.1 GENERAL DEFINITIONS ----- 234 3.5. 0.2 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ------ 235 3.5.1 REGULAR NEGATION ----- 236 3.5.1.1 MANUAL MARKERS ----- 236 3.5.1.2 NON-MANUAL MARKERS ----- 238 3.5.2 IRREGULAR NEGATION ----- 239 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 240 REFERENCES ---- 241 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 248 REFERENCES ---- 249 CHAPTER 4 4.0 4.0.1 4.0.2 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.2 NOMINAL INFLECTION ---- 242 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 242 WHAT IS NOMINAL INFLECTION? ---- 242 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ----- 243 NUMBER ---- 243 MANUAL MARKING ---- 244 NON-MANUAL MARKING ---- 246 LOCALIZATION AND DISTRIBUTION ---- 247 CHAPTER 5 5.0 5.0.1 5.0.2 CLASSIFIERS ---- 250 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 250 WHAT ARE CLASSIFIERS? ---- 250 PHONOLOGICAL AND MORPHO-SYNTACTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CLASSIFIERS ---- 250 5.0.3 5.0.4 5.0.5 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 TERMINOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION ---- 251 COMPARISON WITH CLASSIFIERS IN SPOKEN LANGUAGES ---- 252 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 252 PREDICATE CLASSIFIERS ---- 253 ENTITY CLASSIFIERS ---- 253 BODYPART CLASSIFIERS ---- 255 HANDLE CLASSIFIERS ---- 257 LII - CONTENTS 5.2 SIZE-AND-SHAPE SPECIFIERS ---- 259 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 260 REFERENCES ---- 260 COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES - MORPHOLOGY - 262 PART 5: SYNTAX REFERENCES ---- 289 CHAPTER 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS---- 285 WHAT IS SYNTAX? ---- 285 ORGANIZATION OF THE SYNTAX PART ---- 286 HOW TO USE THE SYNTAX PART ---- 286 CHAPTER 1 1.0 1.1 1.1.0 SENTENCE TYPES ---- 287 INTRODUCTION ---- 287 DECLARATIVES ---- 288 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 288 1.2 1.2.0 1.2.0.1 1.2.0.2 1.2.0.3 1.2.0.4 1.2.1 1.2.1.1 1.2.1.2 INTERROGATIVES ---- 290 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 290 DEFINING AN INTERROGATIVE -----290 TYPES OF INTERROGATIVES -----290 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 291 NON-MANUAL MARKING ---- 292 POLAR INTERROGATIVES ---- 293 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN POLAR INTERROGATIVES ---- 293 WORD ORDER CHANGES BETWEEN DECLARATIVES AND POLAR INTERROGATIVES ---- 294 1.2.1.3 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.3.1 1.2.3.2 1.2.3.3 1.2.3.4 1.2.3.5 1.2.3.6 1.2.3.7 1.2.3.8 1.2.3.9 INTERROGATIVE PARTICLES ---- 294 ALTERNATIVE INTERROGATIVES ---- 294 CONTENT INTERROGATIVES ---- 295 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN CONTENT INTERROGATIVES ---- 295 LIST OF WH-SIGNS ---- 295 CONTENT INTERROGATIVES WITHOUT WH-SIGNS ---- 296 NON-INTERROGATIVE USES OF WH-SIGNS ---- 296 POSITION OF WH-SIGNS ---- 297 SPLIT BETWEEN THE WH-SIGN AND ITS RESTRICTION ---- 299 DOUBLING OF THE WH-SIGN ---- 299 MULTIPLE WH-SIGNS IN INTERROGATIVES ---- 300 INTERROGATIVE PARTICLES ---- 301 CONTENTS - LIII ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 301 REFERENCES ---- 302 1.3 IMPERATIVES -----304 1.3. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 304 1.3. 0.1 WHAT IS AN IMPERATIVE? -----304 1.3. 0.2 FUNCTIONS OF THE IMPERATIVE ---- 305 1.3. 0.3 ORDERS WITH NO IMPERATIVE ---- 305 1.3. 0.4 SIMULTANEOUS OR CONCATENATIVE MORPHOLOGY IN IMPERATIVES - 305 1.3.1 SUBTYPES OF IMPERATIVES ---- 306 1.3.1.1 ORDERS ---- 306 1.3.1.2 INVITATIONS -----306 1.3.1.3 SUGGESTIONS/ADVICE ---- 307 1.3.1.4 PERMISSIONS ---- 307 1.3.1.5 INSTRUCTIONS ---- 307 1.3.1.6 RECOMMENDATIONS ---- 307 1.3.2 IMPERATIVE MARKERS ---- 308 1.3.2.1 MANUAL SIGNS ---- 308 1.3.2.2 NON-MANUAL MARKERS ---- 308 1.3.3 IMPERATIVES AND VERB CLASSES -----309 1.3.4 WORD ORDER IN IMPERATIVES -----309 1.3.5 ATTENTION CALLERS ---- 310 1.3.6 NEGATION IN IMPERATIVES ----- 310 1.3.6.1 MANUAL NEGATION ---- 310 1.3.6.2 NON-MANUAL NEGATION ----- 311 1.3.7 SUBJECTS IN IMPERATIVES ----- 311 1.3.7.1 NULL AND/OR OVERT SUBJECT ----- 311 1.3.7.2 THE PERSON OF THE SUBJECT ---- 311 1.3.7.3 ANAPHORIC PROPERTIES ---- 312 1.3.8 EMBEDDING IMPERATIVES ----- 312 1.3.9 SPECIAL CONSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE AND DECLARATIVE (LAD) ---- 312 1.3.10 EXHORTATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS ----- 313 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 313 REFERENCES ---- 315 1.4 EXCLAMATIVES ----- 315 1.4. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 315 1.4. 0.1 WHAT IS AN EXCLAMATIVE? ----- 315 1.4. 0.2 TESTING EXCLAMATIVES: FACTIVITY ----- 316 1.4. 0.3 TESTING EXCLAMATIVES: SCALAR IMPLICATURES - 316 1.4. 0.4 TESTING EXCLAMATIVES: QUESTION/ANSWER PAIRS ----- 317 1.4. 0.5 AN UNEXPLORED FIELD ----- 317 1.4.1 TOTAL EXCLAMATIVES ----- 317 LIV - CONTENTS REFERENCES ---- 321 1.4.1.1 1.4.1.2 1.4.2 1.4.2.1 1.4.2.2 1.4.2.3 1.4.3 NON-MANUAL MARKING ---- 318 MANUAL SIGNS ---- 318 PARTIAL EXCLAMATIVES ---- 318 NON-MANUAL SIGNS ---- 319 WH-SIGNS ---- 319 OTHER STRUCTURES ---- 320 NEGATION IN EXCLAMATIVES ---- 321 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 331 REFERENCES ---- 331 1.5 1.5.0 1.5.0.1 1.5.0.2 1.5.0.3 1.5.1 1.5.1.1 1.5.1.1.1 1.5.1.1.2 1.5.1.1.3 1.5.1.2 1.5.1.2.1 1.5.1.2.2 1.5.1.2.3 1.5.2 1.5.2.1 1.5.2.2 1.5.2.3 1.5.2.4 NEGATIVES ---- 321 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 321 WHAT IS NEGATION? ---- 321 SCOPE OF NEGATION AND TYPES OF NEGATION ---- 322 SENTENTIAL NEGATION ---- 322 MANUAL MARKING OF NEGATION ---- 323 MANUAL NEGATIVE ELEMENTS ---- 323 NEGATIVE PARTICLES ---- 323 IRREGULAR NEGATIVES ---- 324 NEGATIVE DETERMINERS AND ADVERBIALS ---- 325 SYNTAX OF NEGATIVE CLAUSES ---- 326 POSITION OF NEGATIVE ELEMENTS ---- 326 DOUBLING ---- 326 NEGATIVE CONCORD ---- 326 NON-LEXICAL MARKING OF NEGATION ---- 327 HEAD MOVEMENTS ---- 327 FACIAL EXPRESSIONS ---- 329 BODY POSTURE ---- 330 SPREADING DOMAIN ---- 330 CHAPTER 2 2.0 2.0.1 2.0.2 2.0.3 2.0.4 2.0.5 2.0.6 2.1 2.1.0 2.1.0.1 2.1.0.2 CLAUSE STRUCTURE ---- 333 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 333 DEFINITION OF CONSTITUENT ---- 333 DISPLACEMENT TEST ---- 334 PRO-FORM SUBSTITUTION TEST ---- 335 COORDINATION TEST ---- 336 NON-MANUAL MARKING TEST ---- 337 ELLIPSIS TEST ---- 337 THE SYNTACTIC REALIZATION OF ARGUMENT STRUCTURE -----338 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 338 ARGUMENT STRUCTURE AND TRANSITIVITY ---- 338 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 339 CONTENTS - TV 2.1.1 2.1.1.1 2.1.1.2 2.1.1.3 2.1.1.4 2.1.1.5 2.1.2 2.1.2.1 2.1.2.2 2.1.2.3 2.1.2.3.1 2.1.2.3.2 2.1.2.4 2.1.2.5 2.1.3 2.1.3.1 2.1.3.2 2.1.3.2.0 2.1.3.2.0.1 2.1.3.2.0.2 TYPES OF PREDICATES ---- 341 TRANSITIVE AND DITRANSITIVE PREDICATES ---- 341 INTRANSITIVE PREDICATES: UNERGATIVE AND UNACCUSATIVE ---- 341 PSYCHOLOGICAL PREDICATES - 343 METEOROLOGICAL PREDICATES ---- 344 ARGUMENT STRUCTURE ALTERNATIONS ---- 344 ARGUMENT REALIZATION ---- 345 OVERT NPS ---- 345 PRONOUNS ---- 346 VERB AGREEMENT ---- 346 MANUAL VERB AGREEMENT ---- 347 NON-MANUAL VERB AGREEMENT ---- 348 CLASSIFIER HANDSHAPE -----348 ARGUMENT CLAUSES ---- 349 ARGUMENT STRUCTURE CHANGE ---- 349 EXTENSION OF ARGUMENT STRUCTURES ---- 349 PASSIVE ---- 351 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 351 PASSIVE CONSTRUCTIONS ---- 351 CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF TYPICAL PASSIVE CONSTRUCTIONS ---- 352 2.1.3.2.0.3 2.1.3.2.0.4 2.1.3.2.0.5 2.1.3.3 2.1.3.4 2.1.4 2.1.4.1 2.1.4.2 2.1.5 2.1.5.0 2.1.5.1 2.1.5.2 PASSIVELESS LANGUAGES ---- 354 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 354 PASSIVE IN SIGN LANGUAGES ---- 355 REFLEXIVITY ---- 356 RECIPROCITY ---- 357 NON-VERBAL PREDICATION ---- 357 COPULAR CONSTRUCTIONS ---- 357 SECONDARY PREDICATION ---- 359 EXISTENTIALS AND POSSESSIVES ---- 359 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 359 POSSESSIVES -----360 EXISTENTIALS ---- 361 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 362 REFERENCES ---- 363 2.2 2.2.0 2.2.0.1 2.2.0.2 2.2.1 2.2.1.1 2.2.1.2 GRAMMATICAL FUNCTIONS ---- 366 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 366 WHAT IS A GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION? -----366 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 367 SUBJECT AND OBJECT IDENTIFICATION ---- 368 SPECIFIC POSITION(S) FOR SUBJECT AND OBJECT ---- 368 SPECIAL ANAPHORIC PROPERTIES FOR SUBJECT AND OBJECT -----369 IVI - CONTENTS REFERENCES ---- 375 2.2.1.3 2.2.1.4 2.2.2 2.2.3 STRATEGIES OF PRONOUN COPYING FOR SUBJECT AND OBJECT ---- 370 NULL ARGUMENTS FOR SUBJECT AND OBJECT ---- 371 OTHER GRAMMATICAL FUNCTIONS: ARGUMENTS VERSUS ADJUNCTS ---- 371 TYPES OF ADJUNCTS ---- 372 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 387 REFERENCES ---- 388 2.3 2.3.0 2.3.0.1 2.3.0.2 2.3.0.3 2.3.1 WORD ORDER ---- 375 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 375 ORDER BETWEEN SUBJECT, OBJECT AND VERB ---- 375 IDENTIFYING THE BASIC WORD ORDER ---- 376 THE CHALLENGE OF SIMULTANEITY ---- 378 IDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC ORDER OF CONSTITUENTS IN THE MAIN DECLARATIVE CLAUSE ---- 380 2.3.1.1 2.3.1.2 ORDER OF SUBJECT, OBJECT, AND VERB ---- 380 ORDER OF AUXILIARIES (I.E. AGREEMENT, TENSE, AND ASPECTUAL MARKERS) WITH RESPECT TO THE VERB ---- 381 2.3.1.3 2.3.1.4 ORDER OF MODALS WITH RESPECT TO THE VERB ---- 381 ORDER OF NEGATION WITH RESPECT TO VERB, MODALS, AND AUXILIARIES ---- 381 2.3.1.5 2.3.1.6 2.3.2 2.3.2.1 2.3.2.2 2.3.3 2.3.3.1 2.3.3.2 ORDER OF ARGUMENTS OF DITRANSITIVE VERBS ---- 383 POSITION FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF ADVERBS AND ADJUNCTS ---- 383 BASIC ORDER OF CONSTITUENTS IN OTHER CLAUSES ---- 383 BASIC ORDER IN THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SENTENCE ---- 383 BASIC ORDER IN THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SUBORDINATE CLAUSES ---- 384 DEVIATIONS FROM THE BASIC ORDER OF CONSTITUENTS ---- 384 LIST OF ATTESTED AND UNATTESTED PERMUTATIONS ---- 384 NON-MANUALS ACCOMPANYING THE DEVIATIONS FROM THE BASIC WORD ORDER ---- 384 2.3.3.3 2.3.3.4 2.3.3.5 SPECIFIC ORDER FOR TOPICALIZED ELEMENTS ---- 385 SPECIFIC ORDER FOR FOCUSED ELEMENTS ---- 385 WORD ORDER VARIATIONS ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF VERBS (PLAIN, AGREEING) ---- 386 2.3.3.6 WORD ORDER VARIATIONS ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PREDICATES (REVERSIBLE/IRREVERSIBLE) ---- 386 2.4 2.4.0 2.4.0.1 2.4.0.2 2.4.0.3 2.4.1 2.4.1.1 NULL ARGUMENTS -----390 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 390 WHAT IS A NULL ARGUMENT? ---- 390 FURTHER EXPLANATIONS/DISTINCTIONS ---- 390 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 392 SUBJECT AND OBJECT NULL ARGUMENTS ---- 392 NULL SUBJECTS ---- 392 CONTENTS - IVII ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 395 REFERENCES ---- 395 2.4.1.2 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.5 2.4.6 NULL OBJECTS ---- 393 TYPES OF VERBS THAT CAN LICENSE NULL SUBJECTS ---- 393 NULL SUBJECTS IN MAIN CLAUSES ---- 393 NULL ARGUMENTS IN EMBEDDED CLAUSES ---- 394 PRAGMATIC AND SEMANTIC CONDITIONS LICENSING NULL ARGUMENTS ---- 394 REFERENTIAL PROPERTIES OF NULL ARGUMENTS ---- 395 REFERENCES -----398 2.5 CLAUSAL ELLIPSIS ---- 396 ELICITATION MATERIALS -----403 REFERENCES ---- 403 2.6 2.6.0 2.6.1 2.6.2 2.6.2.1 2.6.2.2 2.6.3 2.6.4 PRONOUN COPYING -----398 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES -----398 PERSONAL PRONOUN COPYING ---- 399 SYNTACTIC PROPERTIES OF PRONOUN COPYING ---- 401 POSSIBLE SUBJECT-OBJECT ASYMMETRY IN PRONOUN COPYING ---- 401 POSITION OF THE COPYING PRONOUN ---- 401 PROSODIC FEATURES OF PRONOUN COPYING ---- 402 FUNCTIONS OF PRONOUN COPYING ---- 402 CHAPTER 3 3.0 3.1 3.1.0 3.1.0.1 3.1.0.2 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.2.1 3.1.2.1.1 3.1.2.1.2 3.1.2.1.3 3.1.2.2 3.1.2.2.1 3.1.2.2.2 3.1.2.2.3 3.1.2.3 COORDINATION AND SUBORDINATION---- 404 INTRODUCTION ---- 404 COORDINATION OF CLAUSES ---- 404 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 404 WHAT IS COORDINATION? ---- 404 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 405 TYPES OF CLAUSAL COORDINATION ---- 405 COORDINATION BY MANUAL MARKERS ---- 406 MANUAL MARKERS OF COORDINATION ---- 407 MANUAL MARKERS IN CONJOINED COORDINATION ---- 407 MANUAL MARKERS IN ADVERSATIVE COORDINATION ---- 407 MANUAL MARKERS IN DISJUNCTIVE COORDINATION ---- 407 POSITION OF MANUAL MARKERS OF COORDINATION -----407 POSITION OF MANUAL MARKERS IN CONJOINED COORDINATION ---- 407 POSITION OF MANUAL MARKERS IN ADVERSATIVE COORDINATION ---- 408 POSITION OF MANUAL MARKERS IN DISJUNCTIVE COORDINATION ---- 408 OPTIONALITY OR OBLIGATORINESS OF MANUAL MARKERS OF COORDINATION ---- 408 3.1.2.3.1 OPTIONALITY OR OBLIGATORINESS OF MANUAL MARKERS IN CONJOINED CONJUNCTIONS ---- 408 IVIII - CONTENTS 3.1.2.3.2 OPTIONALITY OR OBLIGATORINESS OF MANUAL MARKERS IN ADVERSATIVE CONJUNCTIONS 408 3.1.2.3.3 OPTIONALITY OR OBLIGATORINESS OF MANUAL MARKERS IN DISJUNCTIVE CONJUNCTIONS 408 3.1.3 COORDINATION BY NON-MANUAL MARKERS ---- 408 3.1.3.1 LIST OF NON-MANUAL MARKERS OF COORDINATION ---- 409 3.1.3.1.1 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN CONJUNCTIVE COORDINATION ---- 409 3.1.3.1.2 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN DISJUNCTIVE COORDINATION ---- 409 3.1.3.1.3 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN ADVERSATIVE COORDINATION ---- 409 3.1.3.2 THE SPREADING DOMAIN OF NON-MANUAL MARKERS OF COORDINATION ---- 409 3.1.3.2.1 SPREADING DOMAIN OF NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN CONJUNCTIVE COORDINATION 409 3.1.3.2.2 SPREADING DOMAIN OF NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN DISJUNCTIVE COORDINATION 410 3.1.3.2.3 SPREADING DOMAIN OF NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN ADVERSATIVE COORDINATION 410 3.1.4 PROPERTIES OF COORDINATION ---- 410 3.1.4.1 EXTRACTION ----- 410 3.1.4.2 GAPPING ----- 412 3.1.4.3 SCOPE ----- 413 3.1.4.3.1 SCOPE OF NEGATION ---- 413 3.1.4.3.2 SCOPE OF YES/NO QUESTIONS ---- 414 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 414 REFERENCES ---- 415 3.2 SUBORDINATION: DISTINCTIVE PROPERTIES ----- 415 3.2. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 415 3.2. 0.1 A DEFINITION OF SUBORDINATION ----- 415 3.2. 0.2 DIFFERENT TYPES OF SUBORDINATION ----- 416 3.2. 0.3 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES IN IDENTIFYING A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE ---- 417 3.2. 0.4 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES IN IDENTIFYING THE (NON-)FINITENESS OF A CLAUSE ---- 417 3.2.1 SUBJECT PRONOUN COPY AS A SUBORDINATION PROPERTY ---- 423 3.2.2 POSITION OF QUESTION SIGNS ---- 424 3.2.3 SPREADING OF NON-MANUAL MARKERS ---- 425 3.2.4 INTERPRETATION OF EMBEDDED NEGATION IN THE MATRIX CLAUSE ---- 425 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 426 REFERENCES ---- 426 3.3 ARGUMENT CLAUSES ----- 427 3.3.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 427 3.3. 0.1 WHAT IS AN ARGUMENT CLAUSE? ----- 427 3.3. 0.2 HOW TO RECOGNIZE AN ARGUMENT CLAUSE ----- 428 CONTENTS - UX 3.3. 0.3 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ------ 428 3.3.1 SUBJECT CLAUSES ------429 3.3.1.1 POSITION(S) WITHIN THE MATRIX CLAUSE ------429 3.3.1.2 SPECIAL NON-MANUAL MARKERS ------ 430 3.3.1.3 TENSE AND ASPECTUAL MARKING ----- 430 3.3.1.4 ANAPHORIC RELATIONS ----- 431 3.3.1.5 NULL ARGUMENTS ----- 431 3.3.2 OBJECT CLAUSES ----- 432 3.3.2.1 VERBS TAKING OBJECT CLAUSES ------ 432 3.3.2.2 POSITION(S) WITHIN THE MATRIX CLAUSE ----- 433 3.3.2.3 FACTIVITY ----- 433 3.3.2.4 SPECIAL NON-MANUAL MARKERS ------ 434 3.3.2.5 TENSE AND ASPECTUAL MARKING ------ 434 3.3.2.6 ANAPHORIC RELATIONS WITH THE MAIN CLAUSE ARGUMENTS ------434 3.3.2.7 OCCURRENCES OF NULL ARGUMENTS ----- 435 3.3.3 ROLE SHIFT ------436 3.3.3.1 MARKERS OF ROLE SHIFT ----- 437 3.3.3.2 INTEGRATION OF THE ROLE-SHIFTED CLAUSE INTO THE MAIN CLAUSE ----- 438 3.3.3.3 SYNTACTIC CONTEXTS INTRODUCING ATTITUDE ROLE SHIFT ----- 439 3.3.3.4 SPECIAL SIGNS INTRODUCING ACTION ROLE SHIFT ----- 440 3.3.3.5 SYNTACTIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTION ROLE SHIFT AND ATTITUDE ROLE SHIFT 440 REFERENCES ---- 441 3.4 RELATIVE CLAUSES ----- 442 3.4. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ------442 3.4. 0.1 A DEFINITION OF RELATIVE CLAUSES ------442 3.4. 0.2 PROPERTIES OF RELATIVIZATION ------ 442 3.4. 0.2.1 NON-MANUAL MARKERS ------442 3.4. 0.2.2 IMPOSSIBILITY OF PRODUCTION IN ISOLATION ----- 443 3.4. 0.2.3 POSITION OF TEMPORAL ADVERBIALS ----- 443 3.4. 0.3 SYNTACTIC TYPES OF RELATIVE CLAUSES: DIAGNOSTICS ----- 444 3.4. 0.4 SEMANTIC TYPES OF RELATIVE CLAUSES (RESTRICTIVE VERSUS NON-RESTRICTIVE): DIAGNOSTICS 447 3.4.1 TYPE OF RELATIVE CLAUSE ---- 451 3.4.2 PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF A RELATIVIZATION SIGN ---- 451 3.4.2.1 LIST OF RELATIVIZATION SIGNS ----- 452 3.4.2.1.1 HUMAN/NON-HUMAN SPECIFICITY OF THE RELATIVIZATION SIGN ----- 452 3.4.2.1.2 SINGULAR/PLURAL SPECIFICITY OF THE RELATIVIZATION SIGN ----- 452 3.4.2.2 POSITION OF THE RELATIVIZATION SIGN ----- 452 3.4.2.3 OPTIONALITY OR OBLIGATORINESS OF THE RELATIVIZATION SIGN ----- 453 3.4.3 POSITION OF THE NOUN PHRASE WITH THE RELATIVE CLAUSE WITHIN THE MATRIX CLAUSE ---- 453 LX - CONTENTS 3.4.4 3.4.5 3.4.6 3.4.6.1 3.4.6.2 3.4.7 SUBJECT VERSUS OBJECT RELATIVIZATION ---- 454 DISPLACEMENT OF NOUN PHRASES WITH RELATIVE CLAUSES ---- 454 SPECIAL NON-MANUAL MARKING ---- 455 LIST OF NON-MANUAL MARKERS ---- 456 THE SPREADING DOMAIN OF EACH NON-MANUAL MARKER ---- 456 RESTRICTIVE VS NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES ---- 456 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 456 REFERENCES ---- 458 3.5 3.5.0 3.5.0.1 3.5.0.2 3.5.0.3 3.5.0.4 3.5.0.5 3.5.1 3.5.1.1 3.5.1.2 3.5.1.2.1 ADVERBIAL CLAUSES ---- 459 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 459 ADVERBIAL CLAUSES ---- 459 WAYS OF MARKING ADVERBIAL CLAUSES ---- 459 TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES ---- 460 ADVERBIAL CLAUSES IN SIGN LANGUAGES ---- 461 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 461 CONDITIONAL CLAUSES ---- 462 THE ROLE OF NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ---- 464 FACTUAL CONDITIONALS ---- 466 NON-MANUAL MARKERS AND THEIR PROPERTIES IN FACTUAL CONDITIONALS ---- 466 3.5.1.2.2 3.5.1.2.3 3.5.1.3 3.5.1.3.1 MANUAL CONDITIONAL SIGNS IN FACTUAL CONDITIONALS ---- 466 ORDER OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE FACTUAL CONDITIONAL CLAUSE ---- 467 COUNTERFACTUAL CONDITIONALS ---- 467 NON-MANUAL MARKERS AND THEIR PROPERTIES IN COUNTERFACTUAL CONDITIONALS ---- 467 3.5.1.3.2 3.5.1.3.3 MANUAL CONDITIONAL SIGNS IN COUNTERFACTUAL CONDITIONALS ---- 467 ORDER OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE COUNTERFACTUAL CONDITIONAL CLAUSE ---- 468 3.5.1.4 3.5.1.4.1 CONCESSIVE CONDITIONALS ---- 468 NON-MANUAL MARKERS AND THEIR PROPERTIES IN CONCESSIVE CONDITIONALS ---- 468 3.5.1.4.2 3.5.1.4.3 3.5.1.5 3.5.1.5.1 MANUAL CONDITIONAL SIGNS IN CONCESSIVE CONDITIONALS ---- 468 ORDER OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE CONCESSIVE CONDITIONAL CLAUSE ---- 468 NON-PREDICTIVE/PERIPHERAL CONDITIONALS ---- 469 NON-MANUAL MARKERS AND THEIR PROPERTIES IN NON-PREDICTIVE/PERIPHERAL CONDITIONALS ---- 469 3.5.1.5.2 MANUAL CONDITIONAL SIGNS IN NON-PREDICTIVE/PERIPHERAL CONDITIONALS ---- 469 3.5.1.5.3 ORDER OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE NON-PREDICTIVE/PERIPHERAL CONDITIONAL CLAUSE ---- 469 3.5.1.6 3.5.2 OTHER CONDITIONAL CONSTRUCTIONS -----470 TEMPORAL CLAUSES ---- 470 CONTENTS - LXI 3.5.2.1 3.5.2.2 3.5.2.3 3.5.2.4 3.5.2.5 3.5.2.6 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF TEMPORAL CLAUSES ---- 471 MANUAL SIGNS MARKING SUBORDINATION IN TEMPORAL CLAUSES ---- 471 OTHER MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN TEMPORAL CLAUSES ---- 471 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN TEMPORAL CLAUSES ---- 471 POSITION OFTHE TEMPORAL CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 473 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE ---- 473 3.5.3 3.5.3.1 3.5.3.2 3.5.3.3 3.5.3.4 3.5.3.5 3.5.3.6 LOCATIVE CLAUSES ---- 473 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF LOCATIVE CLAUSES ---- 473 MANUAL SIGNS MARKING SUBORDINATION IN LOCATIVE CLAUSES ---- 473 OTHER MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN LOCATIVE CLAUSES ---- 474 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN LOCATIVE CLAUSES ---- 474 POSITION OFTHE LOCATIVE CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 474 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE ---- 474 3.5.4 3.5.4.1 3.5.4.2 3.5.4.3 3.5.4.4 3.5.4.5 3.5.4.6 MANNER CLAUSES ---- 474 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF MANNER CLAUSES ---- 475 MANUAL SIGNS MARKING SUBORDINATION IN MANNER CLAUSES ---- 475 OTHER MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN MANNER CLAUSES ---- 475 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN MANNER CLAUSES ---- 475 POSITION OFTHE MANNER CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 476 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE ---- 476 3.5.5 3.5.5.1 3.5.5.2 3.5.5.3 3.5.5.4 3.5.5.5 3.5.5.6 REASON CLAUSES ---- 476 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF REASON CLAUSES ---- 477 MANUAL SIGNS MARKING SUBORDINATION IN REASON CLAUSES ---- 477 OTHER MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN REASON CLAUSES ---- 477 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN REASON CLAUSES -----478 POSITION OF THE REASON CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 478 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE -----478 3.5.6 3.5.6.1 3.5.6.2 3.5.6.3 3.5.6.4 3.5.6.5 3.5.6.6 PURPOSE CLAUSES ---- 478 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF PURPOSE CLAUSES ---- 479 MANUAL SIGNS MARKING SUBORDINATION IN PURPOSE CLAUSES ---- 479 OTHER MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN PURPOSE CLAUSES ---- 479 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN PURPOSE CLAUSES ---- 479 POSITION OFTHE PURPOSE CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 479 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE ---- 480 3.5.7 3.5.7.1 3.5.7.2 CONCESSIVE CLAUSES ---- 480 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF CONCESSIVE CLAUSES ---- 480 MANUAL SIGNS MARKING SUBORDINATION IN CONCESSIVE CLAUSES ---- 480 LXII - CONTENTS ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 484 REFERENCES ---- 485 3.5.73 3.5.7.4 3.5.7.5 OTHER MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN CONCESSIVE CLAUSES ---- 480 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN CONCESSIVE CLAUSES ---- 480 POSITION OF THE CONCESSIVE CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 481 3.5.7.6 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE ---- 481 3.5.8 3.5.8.1 3.5.8.2 3.5.83 3.5.8.4 3.5.8.5 SUBSTITUTIVE CLAUSES ---- 481 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF SUBSTITUTIVE CLAUSES ---- 481 MANUAL SIGNS MARKING SUBORDINATION IN SUBSTITUTIVE CLAUSES ---- 481 OTHER MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN SUBSTITUTIVE CLAUSES ---- 481 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN SUBSTITUTIVE CLAUSES ---- 482 POSITION OFTHE SUBSTITUTIVE CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 482 3.5.8.6 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE ---- 482 3.5.9 3.5.9.1 3.5.9.2 3.5.93 3.5.9.4 3.5.9.5 3.5.9.6 ADDITIVE CLAUSES ---- 482 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF ADDITIVE CLAUSES ---- 482 MANUAL SIGNS MARKING SUBORDINATION IN ADDITIVE CLAUSES ---- 483 OTHER MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN ADDITIVE CLAUSES ---- 483 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN ADDITIVE CLAUSES ---- 483 POSITION OFTHE ADDITIVE CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 483 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE ---- 483 3.5.10 3.5.10.1 3.5.10.2 3.5.10.3 ABSOLUTIVE CLAUSES ---- 483 MARKERS OF SUBORDINATION IN ABSOLUTIVE CLAUSES ---- 484 NON-MANUAL MARKERS IN ABSOLUTIVE CLAUSES ---- 484 POSITION OFTHE ABSOLUTIVE CLAUSE WITH RESPECT TO THE MAIN CLAUSE ---- 484 3.5.10.4 SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION OFTHE MAIN EVENT AND THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE ---- 484 REFERENCES ---- 490 3.6 3.6.0 3.6.0.1 3.6.0.2 3.6.03 3.7 3.7.0 COMPARATIVE CLAUSES ---- 486 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 486 WHAT IS A COMPARATIVE CLAUSE? ---- 486 TYPES OF COMPARATIVES ---- 486 COMPARATIVES IN SIGN LANGUAGES ---- 488 COMPARATIVE CORRELATIVES ---- 488 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 488 CONTENTS - XIII REFERENCES ---- 498 CHAPTER 4 4.0 4.0.1 4.0.2 4.0.3 4.1 4.1.0 4.1.0.1 4.1.0.2 4.1.1 4.1.1.1 4.1.1.2 4.1.1.3 4.1.1.4 4.1.2 4.1.2.0 4.1.2.1 4.1.2.2 4.1.2.3 4.1.2.4 THE NOUN PHRASE - 490 INTRODUCTION ---- 490 WHAT IS A NOUN PHRASE? ---- 490 FURTHER DISTINCTIONS ---- 491 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 491 DETERMINERS ---- 492 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES - 492 WHAT IS A DETERMINER? ---- 492 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 492 ARTICLES ---- 493 THE POSITION OFTHE ARTICLE ---- 494 SIMULTANEOUS MANUAL ARTICULATION ---- 494 NON-MANUAL MARKING ---- 495 ARTICLES EXPRESSED BY NON-MANUAL MARKING ONLY ---- 495 DEMONSTRATIVES ---- 496 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 496 THE POSITION OF THE DEMONSTRATIVE ---- 496 DEMONSTRATIVE REINFORCER CONSTRUCTION ---- 497 NON-MANUAL MARKING ---- 497 ANAPHORIC USAGE ---- 498 REFERENCES ---- 502 4.2 4.2.0 4.2.1 4.2.1.1 4.2.1.2 4.2.1.3 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 POSSESSIVE PHRASES ---- 499 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 499 WAYS OF EXPRESSING THE POSSESSIVE RELATION IN THE NOUN PHRASE ---- 499 ATTRIBUTIVE POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS ---- 500 POSSESSIVE MARKERS ---- 500 JUXTAPOSITION ---- 501 THE POSITION OFTHE POSSESSIVE PRONOUN ---- 501 AGREEMENT WITH THE POSSESSOR ---- 501 AGREEMENT WITH THE POSSESSED ---- 502 POSSESSIVE PHRASES WITH THE POSSESSED ELIDED ---- 502 REFERENCES -----508 4.3 4.3.0 4.3.0.1 4.3.0.2 4.3.0.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 NUMERALS ---- 503 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 503 WHAT IS A NUMERAL? - 503 NUMERALS AND NUMBER ---- 503 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 504 THE POSITION OFTHE NUMERAL --- 505 FLOATING NUMERALS - 505 DEFINITE AND INDEFINITE READING ---- 506 NUMERAL INCORPORATION ---- 507 MEASURE PHRASES ---- 508 IXIV - CONTENTS 4.4 QUANTIFIERS ----- 509 4.4. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ------ 509 4.4. 0.1 WHAT IS A QUANTIFIER? - 509 4.4. 0.2 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ------ 509 4.4.1 THE POSITION OFTHE QUANTIFIER ---- 509 4.4.2 FLOATING QUANTIFIERS ----- 511 REFERENCES ---- 512 4.5 ADJECTIVES ----- 513 4.5. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 513 4.5. 0.1 ADJECTIVAL MODIFICATION ----- 513 4.5. 0.2 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ----- 514 4.5.1 PRENOMINAL VERSUS POSTNOMINAL ADJECTIVES ----- 515 4.5.2 SYMMETRIC ADJECTIVES ----- 516 4.5.3 REDUPLICATED ADJECTIVES ----- 517 4.5.4 ORDERING RESTRICTIONS AMONG ADJECTIVES ----- 517 REFERENCES ---- 518 4.6 MULTIPLE NP CONSTITUENTS ----- 519 4.6. 0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 519 4.6.1 PRENOMINAL MODIFIERS ----- 520 4.6.2 POSTNOMINAL MODIFIERS ----- 522 REFERENCES ---- 522 CHAPTER 5 THE STRUCTURE OF ADJECTIVAL PHRASES ---- 523 5.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 523 5.0.1 WHAT IS AN ADJECTIVAL PHRASE? ---- 523 5 .0.2 INTERNAL STRUCTURE AND POSITION WITH RESPECT TO THE NOUN - 523 5.1 INTENSIFIERS AND OTHER MODIFIERS ----- 524 5.1.1 MANUAL MODIFIERS ----- 524 5.1.2 MODIFICATIONS OF MANUAL SIGNS AND NON-MANUAL MODIFIERS ---- 524 5.1.3 ITERATION AND STACKING ----- 525 5.1.4 DEGREE COMPARATIVES ----- 525 5.1.5 SUPERLATIVES ----- 526 5.2 ARGUMENTS ----- 526 5.3 ADJUNCTS ----- 526 REFERENCES ---- 527 CHAPTER 6 THE STRUCTURE OF ADVERBIAL PHRASES - 527 6 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES - 527 6.0.1 WHAT IS AN ADVERBIAL PHRASE? ----- 527 6.0.2 CLASSES OF ADVERBS ----- 528 6.0.3 ANALYTICAL CHALLENGES ----- 528 CONTENTS - IXV 6.1 INDEPENDENT MANUAL ADVERBS -------- 529 6.2 MODIFICATION OF MANUAL SIGNS -------- 529 6.3 NON-MANUAL ADVERBS ----- 530 6.4 CLASSES OF ADVERBS ----- 530 6.4.1 SENTENTIAL ADVERBS ----- 530 6.4.2 VP-ADVERBS ----- 531 6.4.2.1 TEMPORAL ADVERBS ----- 531 6.4.2.2 MANNER ADVERBS ----- 531 6.4.2.3 LOCATIVE ADVERBS ----- 532 6.4.2.4 ADVERBS CONVEYING ASPECTUAL INFORMATION ----- 532 6.4.2.5 ADVERBS CONVEYING DEONTIC MODALITY ----- 532 6.4.2.6 ADVERBS CONVEYING EPISTEMIC MODALITY ----- 533 6.4.2.7 ADVERBS OF DEGREE ----- 533 6.4.2.8 ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY ----- 533 6.5 ADVERBIAL PHRASE MODIFIERS ------ 534 6.5.1 ADVERBS MODIFIED BY DEGREE WORDS EXPRESSING INTENSITY ----- 534 6.5.2 ADVERBS MODIFIED BY DEGREE WORDS EXPRESSING COMPARISON ----- 534 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 534 REFERENCES ---- 535 COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES - SYNTAX - 536 PART 6: SEMANTICS CHAPTER 0 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS - THE MEANING OF WORDS AND SENTENCES----- 557 REFERENCES ---- 560 CHAPTER 1 TENSE -----560 1 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 560 1.1 ABSOLUTE TENSE -------- 562 1.2 RELATIVE TENSE -------- 563 1.3 DEGREE OF REMOTENESS ----- 564 REFERENCES ---- 564 CHAPTER 2 ASPECT ---- 565 2 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES - 565 2.1 IMPERFECTIVE ----- 566 2.1.1 HABITUAL ----- 567 2.1.2 CONTINUATIVE/DURATIVE ----- 567 IXVI - CONTENTS REFERENCES ---- 569 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 PROGRESSIVE ---- 567 CONATIVE ---- 568 PERFECTIVE ---- 568 ITERATIVE ---- 568 INCEPTIVE/INCHOATIVE -----568 COMPLETIVE ---- 569 CHAPTER 3 EVENT STRUCTURE - - 570 3 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ------ 570 3.1 EVENT TYPES ----- 571 3.2 TESTING EVENT TYPES ----- 571 REFERENCES ---- 572 CHAPTER 4 MODALITY ---- 572 4 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES --- 572 4.1 EPISTEMIC AND DEONTIC MODALITY ---- 573 4.2 MODALITY CODED BY MODALS ----- 573 4.3 MODALITY CODED BY MODALITY EXPRESSIONS ----- 575 4.4 MODALITY CODED BY NON-MANUALS ----- 576 REFERENCES ---- 577 CHAPTER 5 EVIDENTIALITY ---- 578 5 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 578 5.1 GRAMMATICAL EVIDENTIALITY MARKERS ----- 580 5.2 OTHER MARKERS OF INFORMATION SOURCE ---- 581 REFERENCES ---- 582 CHAPTER 6 ARGUMENT STRUCTURE ---- 583 6 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 583 6.1 THEMATIC ROLES ----- 587 6.2 SEMANTIC DECOMPOSITION OF THEMATIC ROLES ------ 589 REFERENCES ---- 590 CHAPTER 7 CLASSIFIER PREDICATES ---- 592 7 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 592 7.1 REFERENCE ------ 594 7.2 ANAPHORA ------ 594 REFERENCES ---- 595 CONTENTS - IXVII REFERENCES ---- 601 CHAPTER 8 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 COMPARISON ---- 596 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 596 WHAT CAN BE COMPARED? ---- 597 GRADABLE PREDICATES ---- 598 VISIBLE COMPARISONS ---- 600 ICONICITY AND COMPARATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS ---- 601 REFERENCES ---- 605 CHAPTER 9 9.0 9.0.1 9.0.2 9.0.3 9.0.4 9.0.5 9.1 9.2 9.3 PLURALITY AND NUMBER---- 602 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES -----602 SINGULARS AND PLURALIS -----602 GENERAL NUMBER ---- 602 PAUCAL NUMBER -----603 DUAL, TRIAL AND QUADRAL ---- 603 COUNT NOUNS AND MASS NOUNS -----603 NOMINAL PLURAL ---- 603 VERBAL PLURAL ---- 604 LEXICAL PLURAL --- 604 CHAPTER 10 QUANTIFICATION ---- 606 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 606 TYPES OF QUANTIFIERS ---- 607 STRONG AND WEAK QUANTIFIERS ---- 612 QUANTIFIER INTERACTION ---- 613 REFERENCES ---- 614 CHAPTER 11 POSSESSION - 615 11.0 11.0.1 11.0.2 11.0.3 11.0.4 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.3.1 11.3.2 11.4 11.4.1 11.4.2 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 615 USEFUL DISTINCTIONS ---- 616 POSSESSOR: ANIMATE OR INANIMATE ---- 617 POSSESSUM: ALIENABLE OR INALIENABLE ---- 617 EXISTENCE, LOCATION OR POSSESSION? ---- 618 STRATEGIES IN CODING POSSESSIVES ---- 618 KINSHIP ---- 620 WHOLE-PART RELATIONS ---- 621 BODY PARTS ---- 621 WHOLE-PART RELATIONS WITH AN INANIMATE POSSESSOR ---- 621 OWNERSHIP AND ASSOCIATION ---- 622 OWNERSHIP ---- 622 ASSOCIATION ---- 622 REFERENCES ---- 623 IXVIII - CONTENTS CHAPTER 12 NEGATION ---- 624 12 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 624 12.1 LEXICAL NEGATION ----- 625 12.2 SENTENTIAL AND CONSTITUENT NEGATION ----- 625 12.3 METALINGUISTIC NEGATION ------ 627 REFERENCES ---- 627 CHAPTER 13 ILLOCUTIONARY FORCE ----- 628 13 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 628 13.1 DECLARATIVE FORCE ------ 629 13.2 INTERROGATIVE FORCE ------ 630 13.3 IMPERATIVE FORCE ------ 631 13.4 EXCLAMATIVE FORCE ------ 633 13.4.1 TESTING EXCLAMATIVES: FACTIVITY ---- 634 13.4.2 TESTING EXCLAMATIVES: SCALAR IMPLICATURES -----634 13.4.3 TESTING EXCLAMATIVES: QUESTION/ANSWER PAIRS ---- 634 REFERENCES ---- 635 CHAPTER 14 THE MEANING OF EMBEDDED CLAUSES ---- 636 14 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 636 14.1 ARGUMENT CLAUSES - - 638 14.2 ADVERBIAL CLAUSES ---- 638 14.2.1 CONDITIONAL CLAUSES -----639 14.2.2 TEMPORAL CLAUSES ---- 640 14.2.3 LOCATIVE CLAUSES ----- 641 14.2.4 MANNER CLAUSES ----- 641 14.2.5 REASON CLAUSES ----- 641 14.2.6 PURPOSE CLAUSES ------642 14.2.7 CONCESSIVE CLAUSES ------643 14.2.8 SUBSTITUTIVE CLAUSES ----- 644 14.2.9 ADDITIVE CLAUSES ----- 644 14.2.10 ABSOLUTIVE CLAUSES ----- 645 14.3 RELATIVE CLAUSES ----- 645 14.3.1 THE SEMANTICS OF RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES ----- 645 14.3.2 THE SEMANTICS OF NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES ---- 646 14.3.3 SEMANTICS DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RESTRICTIVE AND NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES ----- 646 14.3.4 AMOUNT RELATIVE CLAUSES -----647 REFERENCES ---- 647 COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES - SEMANTICS ---- 650 CONTENTS - LXIX PART 7: PRAGMATICS CHAPTER 0 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS - MEANING IN DISCOURSE - 667 0.1 WHAT IS PRAGMATICS? -----667 0.2 ORGANIZATION OF THE PRAGMATICS PART ---- 668 0.3 HOW TO USE THE PRAGMATICS PART ---- 669 REFERENCES ---- 669 CHAPTER 1 REFERENCE - 670 1.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ------670 1.0.1 WHAT IS REFERENCE? ----- 670 1 .0.2 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ----- 671 1.1 DEIXIS ----- 671 1.1.1 POINTING ----- 672 1.1.2 SOCIAL DEIXIS ----- 672 1.1.3 LACK OF DEIXIS ----- 673 1.2 DEFINITENESS ----- 673 1.2.1 MANUAL MARKING ----- 674 1.2.2 NON-MANUAL MARKING ------ 674 1.3 INDEFINITENESS ----- 675 1.3.1 MANUAL MARKING ----- 676 1.3.2 NON-MANUAL MARKING ------ 676 1.4 SPECIFICITY ----- 677 1.4.1 MANUAL MARKING ----- 677 1.4.2 NON-MANUAL MARKING ------ 678 1.5 IMPERSONAL REFERENCE ------ 679 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 680 REFERENCES ---- 680 CHAPTER 2 REFERENCE TRACKING - 683 2 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES --683 2.1 PRONOUNS ------683 2.2 OTHER MEANS ----- 688 2.2.1 AGREEMENT ----- 689 2.2.2 CLASSIFIER HANDSHAPES ----- 689 2.2.3 BUOYS ----- 690 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 691 REFERENCES ---- 691 CHAPTER 3 SPEECH ACTS - 692 3 .0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES - 692 3 .0.1 WHAT IS A SPEECH ACT? --692 3.0.2 SPEECH ACTS, ILLOCUTIONS, AND FELICITY CONDITIONS ---- 693 IXX - CONTENTS ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 699 REFERENCES ---- 699 3.0.3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 ANALYTICAL CHALLENGES ---- 694 ASSERTIONS ---- 695 QUESTIONS ---- 696 COMMANDS AND REQUESTS ---- 697 EXCLAMATIVES ---- 698 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 713 REFERENCES ---- 714 CHAPTER 4 4.0 4.0.1 4.0.2 4.0.3 4.0.4 INFORMATION STRUCTURE - 700 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 700 CATEGORIZING INFORMATION STRUCTURE UNITS ---- 701 THE SENTENTIAL STATUS OF INFORMATION STRUCTURE ---- 703 THE MARKING OF INFORMATION STRUCTURE UNITS ---- 704 ASSOCIATION OF FOCUS/TOPIC WITH CONTENT/YES-NO QUESTIONS ---- 705 4.0.5 THE SEPARATION OF INFORMATION STRUCTURAL CONCEPTS FROM PROSODIC CONCEPTS ---- 705 4.0.6 4.0.7 4.0.8 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 ASSOCIATION OF TOPIC AND SUBJECT ---- 705 HANGING TOPIC, TOPICALIZATION, AND LEFT DISLOCATION ---- 706 METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 706 FOCUS ---- 707 ALL-NEW FOCUS ---- 707 NEW INFORMATION FOCUS ---- 708 CONTRASTIVE FOCUS ---- 708 EMPHATIC FOCUS ---- 709 FOCUS DOUBLING -----709 TOPIC ---- 710 MORPHOLOGICAL AND PROSODIC MARKERS OF FOCUS AND TOPIC ---- 711 FOCUS ---- 712 TOPIC ---- 713 CHAPTER 5 5.0 5.0.1 5.0.2 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.2 5.2.1 DISCOURSE STRUCTURE ---- 716 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 716 DISCOURSE STRUCTURE ---- 716 ANALYTICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ---- 717 COHERENCE AND DISCOURSE MARKERS ---- 717 MANUAL DISCOURSE MARKERS ---- 718 NON-MANUAL DISCOURSE MARKERS ---- 720 STRATEGIES USING SIGNING SPACE ---- 721 COHESION ---- 721 MANUAL STRATEGIES ---- 721 CONTENTS - IXXI 5.2.2 NON-MANUAL STRATEGIES ---- 723 5.2.3 STRATEGIES USING SIGNING SPACE - 723 5.3 FOREGROUNDING AND BACKGROUNDING ----- 724 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 724 REFERENCES ---- 725 CHAPTER 6 REPORTING AND ROLE SHIFT -----726 6.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 726 6.0.1 ROLE SHIFT ----- 726 6.0.2 TERMINOLOGY ----- 727 6.0.3 COMPARISON WITH SPOKEN LANGUAGES ---- 728 6.0.4 ROLE SHIFT AND CONTEXT/PERSPECTIVE SHIFT ----- 729 6.0.5 ROLE SHIFT AND EMBODIMENT ----- 730 6.1 ATTITUDE ROLE SHIFT AND (IN)DIRECT SPEECH ---- 731 6.2 ACTION ROLE SHIFT ---- 733 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 734 REFERENCES ---- 735 CHAPTER 7 EXPRESSIVE MEANING ---- 736 7.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 736 7.0.1 EXPRESSIVE MEANING ----- 736 7.0.2 ANALYTICAL CHALLENGES ---- 738 7.1 CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE ----- 738 7.2 CONVENTIONAL IMPLICATURE ---- 742 7.3 PRESUPPOSITION ----- 742 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 743 REFERENCES ---- 744 CHAPTER 8 SIGNING SPACE ---- 745 8.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 745 8.0.1 SIGNING SPACE ---- 745 8.0.2 ANALYTICAL CHALLENGES ------ 746 8.1 USES OF SIGNING SPACE ------ 747 8.1.1 ABSTRACT USE ----- 747 8.1.2 TOPOGRAPHIC USE ----- 749 8.2 TEMPORAL EXPRESSIONS ------ 752 8.3 PERSPECTIVE ----- 753 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 755 REFERENCES ---- 756 CHAPTER 9 FIGURATIVE MEANING - 759 9.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ----- 759 9.1 METAPHOR ---- 760 LXXII - CONTENTS REFERENCES ---- 765 9.1.1 9.1.2 9.1.3 9.2 9.2.1 9.2.2 COGNITIVE BASIS OF METAPHORS ---- 760 TYPES AND COMBINATIONS OF METAPHORS ---- 762 METAPHORS IN GRAMMAR ---- 763 METONYMY ---- 763 METONYMY VERSUS METAPHOR ---- 764 BODY AS METONYMY ---- 765 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 772 REFERENCES ---- 773 CHAPTER 10 10.0 10.0.1 10.0.2 10.0.3 10.0.4 10.1 10.2 10.2.1 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.2 10.2.1.3 10.2.2 10.2.2.1 10.2.2.2 10.2.2.3 10.3 10.4 COMMUNICATIVE INTERACTION - 766 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ---- 766 DISCOURSE MARKERS ---- 766 TURN, TURN-TAKING SIGNALS, AND TRANSITION RELEVANCE PLACE -----766 BACK-CHANNELING ---- 767 REPAIRS ---- 767 DISCOURSE MARKERS ---- 767 TURN TAKING ---- 768 TYPES OF TURN-TAKING CONSTRUCTIONS ---- 768 SMOOTH TURN TAKING -----768 TURN TAKING WITH PAUSE -----769 OVERLAPPING TURNS ---- 769 TURN TAKING SIGNALS ---- 770 DIFFERENT TURN-TAKING SIGNALS ---- 770 TURN-YIELDING SIGNALS ---- 770 TURN-TAKING SIGNALS ---- 771 BACK-CHANNELING ---- 771 REPAIRS ---- 772 CHAPTER 11 REGISTER AND POLITENESS - 775 11.0 DEFINITIONS AND CHALLENGES ------ 775 11.0.1 WHAT IS A REGISTER? -------- 775 11.0.2 WHAT IS POLITENESS? ---- 775 11.1 REGISTER ------ 776 11.2 POLITENESS --- 777 ELICITATION MATERIALS ---- 778 REFERENCES ---- 778 COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES - PRAGMATICS - 780 LIST OF AUTHORS BY SECTION ---- 795 GLOSSARY-----799
any_adam_object	1
author2	Quer Villanueva, Josep 1965- Cecchetto, Carlo 1964- Donati, Caterina Geraci, Carlo Kelepir, Meltem Pfau, Roland 1966- Steinbach, Markus 1967-
author2_role	edt edt edt edt edt edt edt
author2_variant	v j q vj vjq c c cc c d cd c g cg m k mk r p rp m s ms
author_GND	(DE-588)139166335 (DE-588)173503314 (DE-588)139005781 (DE-588)137454163 (DE-588)123196043
author_facet	Quer Villanueva, Josep 1965- Cecchetto, Carlo 1964- Donati, Caterina Geraci, Carlo Kelepir, Meltem Pfau, Roland 1966- Steinbach, Markus 1967-
building	Verbundindex
bvnumber	BV043643429
classification_rvk	ES 175
collection	ZDB-23-DGG ZDB-94-OAB ZDB-23-GOA
ctrlnum	(ZDB-94-OAB)DOAB25673 (OCoLC)1015866044 (DE-599)DNB1127762559
discipline	Sprachwissenschaft Literaturwissenschaft
doi_str_mv	10.1515/9781501511806
format	Electronic eBook
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nmm a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV043643429</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20180308</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr\|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">160628s2017 \|\|\|\| o\|\|u\| \|\|\|\|\|\|eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="016" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1127762559</subfield><subfield code="2">DE-101</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781501511806</subfield><subfield code="c">Online, PDF</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-5015-1180-6</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781501516085</subfield><subfield code="c">Online, EPUB</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-5015-1608-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1515/9781501511806</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-94-OAB)DOAB25673</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1015866044</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DNB1127762559</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-B1533</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-M100</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-634</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-210</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1052</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-521</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1102</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1046</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1047</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1028</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Aug4</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1050</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-573</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-M347</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-92</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1051</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-898</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-859</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-860</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1049</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-863</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-862</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-523</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Re13</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Y3</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-255</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Y7</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Y2</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-70</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-2174</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-127</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-22</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-155</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-150</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-154</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-91</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-384</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-473</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-703</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-20</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-706</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-824</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-29</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-739</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ES 175</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)27814:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">SignGram Blueprint</subfield><subfield code="b">a guide to sign language grammar writing</subfield><subfield code="c">edited by Josep Quer, Carlo Cecchetto, Caterina Donati, Carlo Geraci, Meltem Kelepir, Roland Pfau, and Markus Steinbach (scientific directors) ; with the collaboration of Brendan Costello and Rannveig Sverrisdóttir</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Berlin ; Boston</subfield><subfield code="b">De Gruyter Mouton</subfield><subfield code="c">[2017]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="c">© 2017</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Erscheint als Open Access bei De Gruyter</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Quer Villanueva, Josep</subfield><subfield code="d">1965-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)139166335</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cecchetto, Carlo</subfield><subfield code="d">1964-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)173503314</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Donati, Caterina</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Geraci, Carlo</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kelepir, Meltem</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)139005781</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Pfau, Roland</subfield><subfield code="d">1966-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)137454163</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Steinbach, Markus</subfield><subfield code="d">1967-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)123196043</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe, hardback</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-5015-1570-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/467598</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501511806</subfield><subfield code="x">Resolving-System</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://www.doabooks.org/doab?func=fulltext&uiLanguage=en&rid=25673</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">DNB Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029057195&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-23-DGG</subfield><subfield code="a">ZDB-94-OAB</subfield><subfield code="a">ZDB-23-GOA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029057195</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
id	DE-604.BV043643429
illustrated	Not Illustrated
indexdate	2024-10-19T04:07:06Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9781501511806 9781501516085
language	English
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029057195
oclc_num	1015866044
open_access_boolean	1
owner	DE-B1533 DE-M100 DE-12 DE-634 DE-210 DE-1052 DE-521 DE-1102 DE-1046 DE-1047 DE-1028 DE-Aug4 DE-1050 DE-573 DE-M347 DE-92 DE-1051 DE-898 DE-BY-UBR DE-859 DE-860 DE-1049 DE-863 DE-BY-FWS DE-862 DE-BY-FWS DE-523 DE-11 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-Y3 DE-255 DE-Y7 DE-Y2 DE-70 DE-2174 DE-127 DE-22 DE-BY-UBG DE-155 DE-BY-UBR DE-150 DE-154 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-384 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-703 DE-20 DE-706 DE-824 DE-29 DE-739
owner_facet	DE-B1533 DE-M100 DE-12 DE-634 DE-210 DE-1052 DE-521 DE-1102 DE-1046 DE-1047 DE-1028 DE-Aug4 DE-1050 DE-573 DE-M347 DE-92 DE-1051 DE-898 DE-BY-UBR DE-859 DE-860 DE-1049 DE-863 DE-BY-FWS DE-862 DE-BY-FWS DE-523 DE-11 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-Y3 DE-255 DE-Y7 DE-Y2 DE-70 DE-2174 DE-127 DE-22 DE-BY-UBG DE-155 DE-BY-UBR DE-150 DE-154 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-384 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-703 DE-20 DE-706 DE-824 DE-29 DE-739
physical	1 Online-Ressource
psigel	ZDB-23-DGG ZDB-94-OAB ZDB-23-GOA
publishDate	2017
publishDateSearch	2017
publishDateSort	2017
publisher	De Gruyter Mouton
record_format	marc
spellingShingle	SignGram Blueprint a guide to sign language grammar writing
title	SignGram Blueprint a guide to sign language grammar writing
title_auth	SignGram Blueprint a guide to sign language grammar writing
title_exact_search	SignGram Blueprint a guide to sign language grammar writing
title_full	SignGram Blueprint a guide to sign language grammar writing edited by Josep Quer, Carlo Cecchetto, Caterina Donati, Carlo Geraci, Meltem Kelepir, Roland Pfau, and Markus Steinbach (scientific directors) ; with the collaboration of Brendan Costello and Rannveig Sverrisdóttir
title_fullStr	SignGram Blueprint a guide to sign language grammar writing edited by Josep Quer, Carlo Cecchetto, Caterina Donati, Carlo Geraci, Meltem Kelepir, Roland Pfau, and Markus Steinbach (scientific directors) ; with the collaboration of Brendan Costello and Rannveig Sverrisdóttir
title_full_unstemmed	SignGram Blueprint a guide to sign language grammar writing edited by Josep Quer, Carlo Cecchetto, Caterina Donati, Carlo Geraci, Meltem Kelepir, Roland Pfau, and Markus Steinbach (scientific directors) ; with the collaboration of Brendan Costello and Rannveig Sverrisdóttir
title_short	SignGram Blueprint
title_sort	signgram blueprint a guide to sign language grammar writing
title_sub	a guide to sign language grammar writing
url	http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/467598 https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501511806 https://www.doabooks.org/doab?func=fulltext&uiLanguage=en&rid=25673 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029057195&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT quervillanuevajosep signgramblueprintaguidetosignlanguagegrammarwriting AT cecchettocarlo signgramblueprintaguidetosignlanguagegrammarwriting AT donaticaterina signgramblueprintaguidetosignlanguagegrammarwriting AT geracicarlo signgramblueprintaguidetosignlanguagegrammarwriting AT kelepirmeltem signgramblueprintaguidetosignlanguagegrammarwriting AT pfauroland signgramblueprintaguidetosignlanguagegrammarwriting AT steinbachmarkus signgramblueprintaguidetosignlanguagegrammarwriting

Verfügbarkeit

Volltext öffnen

MARC

Datensatz im Suchindex

Ähnliche Einträge