Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Hoboken, New Jersey
Wiley
2014
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | FRO01 UBG01 Volltext |
| Beschreibung: | Machine generated contents note: List of Data Tables xi Acronyms and Abbreviations xv Glossary xix Acknowledgments xxv Preface xxix Introduction 1 1.1 Audience 2 1.2 Scope 3 1.3 Key Changes Since the Initial LOPA Concept Book 4 1.4 Recap of LOPA 6 1.5 Disclaimer 10 1.6 Linkage to Other CCPS Publications 11 1.7 Annotated Description of Chapters 13 Overview: Initiating Events and Independent Protection Layers 16 2.1 LOPA Elements: An Overview 16 2.2 Management Systems to Support LOPA 16 2.3 Scenario Selection 18 2.4 Overview of Scenario Frequency 20 2.5 Overview of Consequences 28 2.6 Risk Considerations 29 2.7 Conclusions 31 Core Attributes 34 3.1 Introduction to Core Attributes 34 3.2 Independence 35 3.3 Functionality 40 3.4 Integrity 47 3.5 Reliability 49 3.6 Auditability 52 3.7 Access Security 53 3.8 Management of Change 54 3.9 Use of Data Tables 55 Example Initiating Events and IE Frequencies 58 4.1 Overview of Initiating Events 58 4.2 Inherently Safer Design and Initiating Event Frequency 59 4.3 Specific Initiating Events for Use in LOPA 60 4.4 External Events 113 4.5 What if Your Candidate Initiating Event is Not Shown in a Data Table? 113 Example IPLs and PFD Values 116 5.1 Overview of Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) 116 5.2 Specific Independent Protection Layers for Use in LOPA 118 5.3 What if Your Candidate IPL is Not Shown in a Data Table? 263 Advanced LOPA Topics 268 6.1 Purpose 268 6.2 Use of QRA Methods Relative to LOPA 269 6.3 Evaluation of Complex Mitigative IPLs 275 6.4 Conclusions 277 Appendices 280 Appendix A: Human Factors Considerations 282 Appendix B: Site-Specific Human Performance Data Collection and Validation 300 Appendix C: Site-Specific Equipment Data Collection and Validation 310 Appendix D: Example Reliability Data Conversion for Check Valves 324 Appendix E: Considerations for Overpressure of Pressure Vessels and Piping 328 REFERENCES 334 INDEX 342 "The book is a guide for Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA) practitioners. It explains the onion skin model and in particular, how it relates to the use of LOPA and the need for non-safety instrumented independent protection layers. It provides specific guidance on Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) that are not Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS). Using the LOPA methodology, companies typically take credit for risk reductions accomplished through non-SIS alternatives; i.e. administrative procedures, equipment design, etc. It addresses issues such as how to ensure the effectiveness and maintain reliability for administrative controls or "inherently safer, passive" concepts.This book will address how the fields of Human Reliability Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Inherent Safety, Audits and Assessments, Maintenance, and Emergency Response relate to LOPA and SIS. The book will separate IPL's into categories such as the following: Inherent Safety eliminates a scenario or fundamentally reduces a hazard Preventive/Proactive prevents initiating event from occurring such as enhanced maintenance Preventive/Active stops chain of events after initiating event occurs but before an incident has occurred such as high level in a tank shutting off the pump. Mitigation (active or passive) minimizes impact once an incident has occurred such as closing block valves once LEL is detected in the dike (active) or the dike preventing contamination of groundwater (passive). "-- "Presents a brief overview of Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA)and its variations, and summarizes terminology used for evaluating scenarios in the context of a typical incident sequence"-- Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource |
| ISBN: | 9781680156621 1680156624 9781118948729 1118948726 9781118948712 1118948718 9781118948743 1118948742 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000zc 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV043396820 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
| 007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 160222s2014 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781680156621 |c electronic bk |9 978-1-68015-662-1 | ||
| 020 | |a 1680156624 |c electronic bk |9 1-68015-662-4 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781118948729 |9 978-1-118-94872-9 | ||
| 020 | |a 1118948726 |9 1-118-94872-6 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781118948712 |9 978-1-118-94871-2 | ||
| 020 | |a 1118948718 |9 1-118-94871-8 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781118948743 |9 978-1-118-94874-3 | ||
| 020 | |a 1118948742 |9 1-118-94874-2 | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1002/9781118948743 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (ZDB-35-WIC)ocn880831301 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)880831301 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV043396820 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e aacr | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-861 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 660/.2815 |2 23 | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis |c Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers |
| 264 | 1 | |a Hoboken, New Jersey |b Wiley |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a 1 Online-Ressource | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Machine generated contents note: List of Data Tables xi Acronyms and Abbreviations xv Glossary xix Acknowledgments xxv Preface xxix Introduction 1 1.1 Audience 2 1.2 Scope 3 1.3 Key Changes Since the Initial LOPA Concept Book 4 1.4 Recap of LOPA 6 1.5 Disclaimer 10 1.6 Linkage to Other CCPS Publications 11 1.7 Annotated Description of Chapters 13 Overview: Initiating Events and Independent Protection Layers 16 2.1 LOPA Elements: An Overview 16 2.2 Management Systems to Support LOPA 16 2.3 Scenario Selection 18 2.4 Overview of Scenario Frequency 20 2.5 Overview of Consequences 28 2.6 Risk Considerations 29 2.7 Conclusions 31 Core Attributes 34 3.1 Introduction to Core Attributes 34 3.2 Independence 35 3.3 Functionality 40 3.4 Integrity 47 3.5 Reliability 49 3.6 Auditability 52 3.7 Access Security 53 3.8 Management of Change 54 3.9 Use of Data Tables 55 Example Initiating Events and IE Frequencies 58 4.1 Overview of Initiating Events 58 4.2 Inherently Safer Design and Initiating Event Frequency 59 4.3 Specific Initiating Events for Use in LOPA 60 4.4 External Events 113 4.5 What if Your Candidate Initiating Event is Not Shown in a Data Table? 113 Example IPLs and PFD Values 116 5.1 Overview of Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) 116 5.2 Specific Independent Protection Layers for Use in LOPA 118 5.3 What if Your Candidate IPL is Not Shown in a Data Table? 263 Advanced LOPA Topics 268 6.1 Purpose 268 6.2 Use of QRA Methods Relative to LOPA 269 6.3 Evaluation of Complex Mitigative IPLs 275 6.4 Conclusions 277 Appendices 280 Appendix A: Human Factors Considerations 282 Appendix B: Site-Specific Human Performance Data Collection and Validation 300 Appendix C: Site-Specific Equipment Data Collection and Validation 310 Appendix D: Example Reliability Data Conversion for Check Valves 324 Appendix E: Considerations for Overpressure of Pressure Vessels and Piping 328 REFERENCES 334 INDEX 342 | ||
| 500 | |a "The book is a guide for Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA) practitioners. It explains the onion skin model and in particular, how it relates to the use of LOPA and the need for non-safety instrumented independent protection layers. It provides specific guidance on Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) that are not Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS). Using the LOPA methodology, companies typically take credit for risk reductions accomplished through non-SIS alternatives; i.e. administrative procedures, equipment design, etc. It addresses issues such as how to ensure the effectiveness and maintain reliability for administrative controls or "inherently safer, passive" concepts.This book will address how the fields of Human Reliability Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Inherent Safety, Audits and Assessments, Maintenance, and Emergency Response relate to LOPA and SIS. The book will separate IPL's into categories such as the following: Inherent Safety eliminates a scenario or fundamentally reduces a hazard Preventive/Proactive prevents initiating event from occurring such as enhanced maintenance Preventive/Active stops chain of events after initiating event occurs but before an incident has occurred such as high level in a tank shutting off the pump. Mitigation (active or passive) minimizes impact once an incident has occurred such as closing block valves once LEL is detected in the dike (active) or the dike preventing contamination of groundwater (passive). "-- | ||
| 500 | |a "Presents a brief overview of Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA)and its variations, and summarizes terminology used for evaluating scenarios in the context of a typical incident sequence"-- | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Chemical plants / Risk assessment |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Chemical process control / Safety measures |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Chemical processes / Safety measures |2 fast | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Chemical process control / Safety measures | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Chemical processes / Safety measures | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Chemical plants / Risk assessment | |
| 653 | |a Electronic books | ||
| 710 | 2 | |a American Institute of Chemical Engineers |b Center for Chemical Process Safety |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover |z 978-0-470-34385-2 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118948743 |x Verlag |z URL des Erstveröffentlichers |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a ZDB-35-WIC | ||
| 940 | 1 | |q UBG_PDA_WIC | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028815404 | ||
| 966 | e | |u https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118948743 |l FRO01 |p ZDB-35-WIC |q FRO_PDA_WIC |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
| 966 | e | |u https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118948743 |l UBG01 |p ZDB-35-WIC |q UBG_PDA_WIC |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804175978226778112 |
|---|---|
| any_adam_object | |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043396820 |
| collection | ZDB-35-WIC |
| ctrlnum | (ZDB-35-WIC)ocn880831301 (OCoLC)880831301 (DE-599)BVBBV043396820 |
| dewey-full | 660/.2815 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 660 - Chemical engineering |
| dewey-raw | 660/.2815 |
| dewey-search | 660/.2815 |
| dewey-sort | 3660 42815 |
| dewey-tens | 660 - Chemical engineering |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie |
| format | Electronic eBook |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>06040nmm a2200589zc 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV043396820</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">160222s2014 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781680156621</subfield><subfield code="c">electronic bk</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-68015-662-1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1680156624</subfield><subfield code="c">electronic bk</subfield><subfield code="9">1-68015-662-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781118948729</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-118-94872-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1118948726</subfield><subfield code="9">1-118-94872-6</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781118948712</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-118-94871-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1118948718</subfield><subfield code="9">1-118-94871-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781118948743</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-118-94874-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1118948742</subfield><subfield code="9">1-118-94874-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1002/9781118948743</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-35-WIC)ocn880831301</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)880831301</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV043396820</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">aacr</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-861</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">660/.2815</subfield><subfield code="2">23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis</subfield><subfield code="c">Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Hoboken, New Jersey</subfield><subfield code="b">Wiley</subfield><subfield code="c">2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Machine generated contents note: List of Data Tables xi Acronyms and Abbreviations xv Glossary xix Acknowledgments xxv Preface xxix Introduction 1 1.1 Audience 2 1.2 Scope 3 1.3 Key Changes Since the Initial LOPA Concept Book 4 1.4 Recap of LOPA 6 1.5 Disclaimer 10 1.6 Linkage to Other CCPS Publications 11 1.7 Annotated Description of Chapters 13 Overview: Initiating Events and Independent Protection Layers 16 2.1 LOPA Elements: An Overview 16 2.2 Management Systems to Support LOPA 16 2.3 Scenario Selection 18 2.4 Overview of Scenario Frequency 20 2.5 Overview of Consequences 28 2.6 Risk Considerations 29 2.7 Conclusions 31 Core Attributes 34 3.1 Introduction to Core Attributes 34 3.2 Independence 35 3.3 Functionality 40 3.4 Integrity 47 3.5 Reliability 49 3.6 Auditability 52 3.7 Access Security 53 3.8 Management of Change 54 3.9 Use of Data Tables 55 Example Initiating Events and IE Frequencies 58 4.1 Overview of Initiating Events 58 4.2 Inherently Safer Design and Initiating Event Frequency 59 4.3 Specific Initiating Events for Use in LOPA 60 4.4 External Events 113 4.5 What if Your Candidate Initiating Event is Not Shown in a Data Table? 113 Example IPLs and PFD Values 116 5.1 Overview of Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) 116 5.2 Specific Independent Protection Layers for Use in LOPA 118 5.3 What if Your Candidate IPL is Not Shown in a Data Table? 263 Advanced LOPA Topics 268 6.1 Purpose 268 6.2 Use of QRA Methods Relative to LOPA 269 6.3 Evaluation of Complex Mitigative IPLs 275 6.4 Conclusions 277 Appendices 280 Appendix A: Human Factors Considerations 282 Appendix B: Site-Specific Human Performance Data Collection and Validation 300 Appendix C: Site-Specific Equipment Data Collection and Validation 310 Appendix D: Example Reliability Data Conversion for Check Valves 324 Appendix E: Considerations for Overpressure of Pressure Vessels and Piping 328 REFERENCES 334 INDEX 342</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"The book is a guide for Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA) practitioners. It explains the onion skin model and in particular, how it relates to the use of LOPA and the need for non-safety instrumented independent protection layers. It provides specific guidance on Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) that are not Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS). Using the LOPA methodology, companies typically take credit for risk reductions accomplished through non-SIS alternatives; i.e. administrative procedures, equipment design, etc. It addresses issues such as how to ensure the effectiveness and maintain reliability for administrative controls or "inherently safer, passive" concepts.This book will address how the fields of Human Reliability Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Inherent Safety, Audits and Assessments, Maintenance, and Emergency Response relate to LOPA and SIS. The book will separate IPL's into categories such as the following: Inherent Safety eliminates a scenario or fundamentally reduces a hazard Preventive/Proactive prevents initiating event from occurring such as enhanced maintenance Preventive/Active stops chain of events after initiating event occurs but before an incident has occurred such as high level in a tank shutting off the pump. Mitigation (active or passive) minimizes impact once an incident has occurred such as closing block valves once LEL is detected in the dike (active) or the dike preventing contamination of groundwater (passive). "--</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"Presents a brief overview of Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA)and its variations, and summarizes terminology used for evaluating scenarios in the context of a typical incident sequence"--</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety</subfield><subfield code="2">bisacsh</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Chemical plants / Risk assessment</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Chemical process control / Safety measures</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Chemical processes / Safety measures</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Chemical process control / Safety measures</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Chemical processes / Safety measures</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Chemical plants / Risk assessment</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Electronic books</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="710" ind1="2" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">American Institute of Chemical Engineers</subfield><subfield code="b">Center for Chemical Process Safety</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover</subfield><subfield code="z">978-0-470-34385-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118948743</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">URL des Erstveröffentlichers</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-35-WIC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">UBG_PDA_WIC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028815404</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118948743</subfield><subfield code="l">FRO01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-35-WIC</subfield><subfield code="q">FRO_PDA_WIC</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118948743</subfield><subfield code="l">UBG01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-35-WIC</subfield><subfield code="q">UBG_PDA_WIC</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV043396820 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:24:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781680156621 1680156624 9781118948729 1118948726 9781118948712 1118948718 9781118948743 1118948742 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028815404 |
| oclc_num | 880831301 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-861 |
| owner_facet | DE-861 |
| physical | 1 Online-Ressource |
| psigel | ZDB-35-WIC UBG_PDA_WIC ZDB-35-WIC FRO_PDA_WIC ZDB-35-WIC UBG_PDA_WIC |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers Hoboken, New Jersey Wiley 2014 1 Online-Ressource txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Machine generated contents note: List of Data Tables xi Acronyms and Abbreviations xv Glossary xix Acknowledgments xxv Preface xxix Introduction 1 1.1 Audience 2 1.2 Scope 3 1.3 Key Changes Since the Initial LOPA Concept Book 4 1.4 Recap of LOPA 6 1.5 Disclaimer 10 1.6 Linkage to Other CCPS Publications 11 1.7 Annotated Description of Chapters 13 Overview: Initiating Events and Independent Protection Layers 16 2.1 LOPA Elements: An Overview 16 2.2 Management Systems to Support LOPA 16 2.3 Scenario Selection 18 2.4 Overview of Scenario Frequency 20 2.5 Overview of Consequences 28 2.6 Risk Considerations 29 2.7 Conclusions 31 Core Attributes 34 3.1 Introduction to Core Attributes 34 3.2 Independence 35 3.3 Functionality 40 3.4 Integrity 47 3.5 Reliability 49 3.6 Auditability 52 3.7 Access Security 53 3.8 Management of Change 54 3.9 Use of Data Tables 55 Example Initiating Events and IE Frequencies 58 4.1 Overview of Initiating Events 58 4.2 Inherently Safer Design and Initiating Event Frequency 59 4.3 Specific Initiating Events for Use in LOPA 60 4.4 External Events 113 4.5 What if Your Candidate Initiating Event is Not Shown in a Data Table? 113 Example IPLs and PFD Values 116 5.1 Overview of Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) 116 5.2 Specific Independent Protection Layers for Use in LOPA 118 5.3 What if Your Candidate IPL is Not Shown in a Data Table? 263 Advanced LOPA Topics 268 6.1 Purpose 268 6.2 Use of QRA Methods Relative to LOPA 269 6.3 Evaluation of Complex Mitigative IPLs 275 6.4 Conclusions 277 Appendices 280 Appendix A: Human Factors Considerations 282 Appendix B: Site-Specific Human Performance Data Collection and Validation 300 Appendix C: Site-Specific Equipment Data Collection and Validation 310 Appendix D: Example Reliability Data Conversion for Check Valves 324 Appendix E: Considerations for Overpressure of Pressure Vessels and Piping 328 REFERENCES 334 INDEX 342 "The book is a guide for Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA) practitioners. It explains the onion skin model and in particular, how it relates to the use of LOPA and the need for non-safety instrumented independent protection layers. It provides specific guidance on Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) that are not Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS). Using the LOPA methodology, companies typically take credit for risk reductions accomplished through non-SIS alternatives; i.e. administrative procedures, equipment design, etc. It addresses issues such as how to ensure the effectiveness and maintain reliability for administrative controls or "inherently safer, passive" concepts.This book will address how the fields of Human Reliability Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Inherent Safety, Audits and Assessments, Maintenance, and Emergency Response relate to LOPA and SIS. The book will separate IPL's into categories such as the following: Inherent Safety eliminates a scenario or fundamentally reduces a hazard Preventive/Proactive prevents initiating event from occurring such as enhanced maintenance Preventive/Active stops chain of events after initiating event occurs but before an incident has occurred such as high level in a tank shutting off the pump. Mitigation (active or passive) minimizes impact once an incident has occurred such as closing block valves once LEL is detected in the dike (active) or the dike preventing contamination of groundwater (passive). "-- "Presents a brief overview of Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA)and its variations, and summarizes terminology used for evaluating scenarios in the context of a typical incident sequence"-- Includes bibliographical references and index TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety bisacsh Chemical plants / Risk assessment fast Chemical process control / Safety measures fast Chemical processes / Safety measures fast Chemical process control / Safety measures Chemical processes / Safety measures Chemical plants / Risk assessment Electronic books American Institute of Chemical Engineers Center for Chemical Process Safety Sonstige oth Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover 978-0-470-34385-2 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118948743 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety bisacsh Chemical plants / Risk assessment fast Chemical process control / Safety measures fast Chemical processes / Safety measures fast Chemical process control / Safety measures Chemical processes / Safety measures Chemical plants / Risk assessment |
| title | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis |
| title_auth | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis |
| title_exact_search | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis |
| title_full | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers |
| title_fullStr | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers |
| title_short | Guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis |
| title_sort | guidelines for initiating events and independent protection layers in layer of protection analysis |
| topic | TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety bisacsh Chemical plants / Risk assessment fast Chemical process control / Safety measures fast Chemical processes / Safety measures fast Chemical process control / Safety measures Chemical processes / Safety measures Chemical plants / Risk assessment |
| topic_facet | TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety Chemical plants / Risk assessment Chemical process control / Safety measures Chemical processes / Safety measures |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118948743 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT americaninstituteofchemicalengineerscenterforchemicalprocesssafety guidelinesforinitiatingeventsandindependentprotectionlayersinlayerofprotectionanalysis |