Verfügbarkeit: An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics

An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics:

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Vorheriger Titel:	Bromham, Lindell Reading the story in DNA
1. Verfasser:	Bromham, Lindell (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Oxford Oxford University Press [2016]
Ausgabe:	Second edition
Schlagworte:	Molecular evolution Phylogeny Phylogenetik Molekulare Evolution
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	Preface: "The first edition of this book was titled 'Reading the Story in DNA: a beginner's guide to molecular evolution'. This new edition contains some of the same material, but has been considerably expanded, updated, and remodelled"
Beschreibung:	xv, 514 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme
ISBN:	9780198736363

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MARC


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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Dedication V Preface vi Acknowledgements ix List of Tech Boxes xvi List of Case Studies xvii 1 Introduction The story in DNA pagel Reading the story in DNA 2 Individuals, families, and populations 3 Uncovering the evolutionary past 5 Tracing ancestors 5 About this book 10 What is this book for? 10 Who is this book for? 11 How the book is structured 12 How to use this book 13 0 Conclusion 15 © Points to remember 16 © Ideas for discussion 16 G Examples used in this chapter 17 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 1: Fred Sanger 18 TechBox 1.1: GenBank 19 TechBox 1.2: BLAST 23 Case Study 1.1: Identification: solving the mystery of the Chilean blob 25 Case Study 1.2: Forensics: using DNA to trace trade in whale meat 28 Introduction Jf 2 DNA The immortal germline page 31 Material basis of heredity 32 Principles of heredity 33 Discovery of the gene 36 Structure of DNA 38 The central dogma 41 DNA extraction 42 Ubiquity of DNA 42 Extracting DNA 42 © Conclusion 43 0 Points to remember 44 © Ideas for discussion 45 © Sequences used in this chapter 45 G Examples used in this chapter 45 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 2: August Weismann 46 TechBox 2.1: DNA structure 47 TechBox 2.2: DNA extraction 52 Case Study 2.1: Environmental DNA: tracking changes in Arctic vegetation over time 54 Case Study 2.2: Ancient DNA: cataloguing diversity of extinct giant birds 57 3 Mutation We are all mutants page 61 Mutation Point mutations 62 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 65 Identifying individuals using SNPs 65 Using SNPs to track inherited traits 67 Estimating the mutation rate 68 Mutation rates are a compromise 72 Is mutation random? 73 © Conclusion 75 © Points to remember 75 © Ideas for discussion 76 G Examples used in this chapter 76 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 3: James Crow 78 TechBox 3.1: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 79 Contents TechBox 3,2: Biobanking 84 Case Study 3.1: SNPs: genetic resources for crop development in a non-model species 88 Case Study 3.2: Mutation rate: mutation accumulation in a laboratory population 91 Repfication 4 Replication .........« it Endless copies page 95 Z~Z, ^ DNA replication 96 Template reproduction 97 Replication 98 DNA amplification 102 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 103 Contamination 106 Copy errors create hierarchies 106 Sequence evolution 107 Hierarchies reveal history 110 © Conclusion 113 © Points to remember 114 0 Ideas for discussion 115 © Sequences used in this chapter 116 Q Examples used in this chapter 116 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 4: Rosalind Franklin 117 TechBox 4.1: DNA replication 118 TechBox 4.2: DNA amplification 121 Case Study 4.1: Replication: taller plants have lower rates of molecular evolution 124 Case Study 4.2: Hierarchies: genes and language track human settlement of Oceania 127 5 Genome Genome Accident and design l\|f Sj page 131 Bv Genome size 132 The paradox of genome size 133 Doubling and dividing: genome replication 134 Recombination 136 Chromosomal rearrangement 138 Repeat sequences 139 Comparing repeat sequences 141 Transposable elements 145 LINEs, SINEs, and retroviruses 146 The genomic record of transposition 147 © Conclusion 149 © Points to remember 150 0 Ideas for discussion 150 © Sequences used in this chapter 151 Q Examples used in this chapter 151 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 5: Barbara McClintock 152 TechBox 5.1: Sanger sequencing 153 TechBox 5.2: High-throughput sequencing 157 Case Study 5.1: Duplication: gene copies and microsatellites help aphids tolerate nicotine 161 Case Study 5.2: Genome: a leukaemia virus becoming part of the koala genome 164 6 Gene Making an organism page 167 Genes Gene structure and expression Transcription and translation Regulation of gene expression Sequence evolution Divided genes: exons and introns Identifying genes Regulatory sequences 0 Conclusion © Points to remember © Ideas for discussion 0 Sequences used in this chapter O Examples used in this chapter Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 6: Francis Crick TechBox 6.1: Genetic code TechBox 6.2: Primers and probes 170 171 173 175 175 178 181 182 183 184 184 184 185 186 189 Case Study 6.1: Gene families: duplication and loss of taste receptor genes 191 Case Study 6.2: Genetic code: multiple proteins from a single human gene 194 Contents 7 Selection Descent with modification page 197 Variation Substitution Natural selection The power of selection Fitness Genetic background Linkage Are humans still evolving? © Conclusion © Points to remember © Ideas for discussion © Sequences used in this chapter 0 Examples used in this chapter 201 202 205 206 208 209 214 214 215 215 215 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 7: J. B. S. Haldane 216 TechBox 7.1: Fitness 217 TechBox 7.2: Detecting selection 220 Case Study 7.1: Selection: tracking insecticide resistance over time using museum specimens 222 Case Study 7.2: Variation: experiments on evolutionary rescue under environmental change 225 8 Drift Chance and necessity page 229 Neutral theory Genetic load Genetic drift Neutrality Population size Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 8: Tomoko Ohta CfcffiJK?) 248 TechBox 8.1: Neutral theory 249 TechBox 8.2: Population size 252 Case Study 8.1: Substitution: mutation accumulation in asexual walking stick insects 255 Case Study 8.2: Population size: inbreeding depression in an endangered species 258 9 Species Origin of species page 262 Taxonomy Classification Relatedness Divergence Speciation Hybrid incompatibility Species Defining species DNA taxonomy © Conclusion © Points to remember © Ideas for discussion 0 Examples used in this chapter Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 9: Rosemary Gillespie TechBox 9.1: Phylogeography TechBox 9.2: Barcoding Case Study 9.1: Speciation: evolution of novel flower colour through reinforcement Case Study 9.2: Barcoding: cataloguing weevil diversity in New Guinea 266 267 267 268 269 272 274 275 276 277 277 278 279 284 288 291 Alignment Inbreeding 238 10 Alignment ^ Patterns of substitution 239 Same but different Chance and complexity 242 page 295 ® Conclusion 244 _____ © Points to remember 245 © Ideas for discussion 246 Homology 296 © Sequences used in this chapter 247 Systematic hierarchy 297 0 Examples used in this chapter 247 Shared by descent 300 Contents DNA can reveal homology 301 Alignment establishes homology 302 Alignment 302 Alignment gaps 303 Homologous sites 304 Manual alignment 305 Automated alignment 306 How to make the best alignment 308 © Conclusion 310 © Points to remember 310 ® Ideas for discussion 311 © Sequences used in this chapter 311 Q Examples used in this chapter 311 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 10: Margaret Oakley Dayhoff 312 TechBox 10.1: De-extinction 313 TechBox 10.2: Multiple sequence alignment 317 Case Study 10.1: Alignment: identifying insertions and deletions in endosymbiont genomes 321 Case Study 10.2: Horizontal gene transfer: genes in parasitic plants derived from their hosts 325 11 Phylogeny Tree of life page 329 History Life as a tree Molecular phylogenetics Phylogeny reconstruction Splits Similarity Distance methods Conflict 330 332 335 340 342 345 345 347 Case Study 11.1: Networks: bobtail squid and their symbiotic bioluminescent bacteria 362 Case Study 11.2: Distance: tracing the origins and evolution of the domesticated apple 365 12 Hypotheses Seeing the wood for the trees page 369 Comparing trees 370 Possible histories 371 Evaluating alternative trees 372 Multiple hits 374 Statistical inference of phylogeny 376 Models of molecular evolution 377 Likelihood 378 Testing phylogenetic hypotheses 379 Phylogenetic support 380 Which phylogenetic method should I choose? 384 © Conclusion 385 © Points to remember 386 © Ideas for discussion 387 © Examples used in this chapter 387 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 12: Hélène Morion 388 TechBox 12.1: Maximum likelihood 389 TechBox 12.2: Bootstrap 392 Case Study 22.1: Epidemiology: using ancient DNA to identify the origins of a plague 396 Case Study 12.2: Prediction: relating ethnobotanical resources across different cultures 400 Ratw Networks 349 13 Rates . ... r? Tempo and mode 0 Conclusion 350 page 403 ...... © Points to remember 350 ® Ideas for discussion 351 O Examples used in this chapter 352 ------ Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 11: Rate of evolutionary change 404 Joseph Felsenstein 353 Variation in the rate of evolution 405 TechBox 11.1: Distance methods 354 Estimating branch lengths 406 TechBox 11.2: Phylogenetic networks 358 Variation in rates across sites 408 Contents Comparing rates 409 Mutation rate variation 409 Accounting for descent 411 Generation time effect 413 Lineage-specific rates 415 Comparing substitution rates 415 Testing for rate variation 418 0 Conclusion 419 ® Points to remember 420 © Ideas for discussion 421 0 Sequences used in this chapter 421 O Examples used in this chapter 422 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 13: Xia Hua (mK) 423 TechBox 13.1: Substitution models 424 TechBox 13.2: Bayesian phylogenetics 428 Case Study 13.1: Rates: flightless insects have faster substitution rates 432 Case Study 13.2: Diversification: mutation rates are linked to species richness in plants 434 Divergence 443 Divergence dates 444 Estimating number of substitutions 447 Accuracy and precision 450 Dating with confidence 453 Molecular dating 455 Modelling rate change 456 Challenging assumptions 457 © Conclusion 460 © Points to remember 461 © Ideas for discussion 461 0 Sequences used in this chapter 462 G Examples used in this chapter 462 Heroes of the Genetic Revolution 14: Andrew Rambaut 464 TechBox 14.1: Calibration 465 TechBox 14.2: Molecular dating 471 Case Study 14.1: Calibration: did kauri survive the Oligocène drowning of New Zealand? 476 Case Study 14.2: Dates: using phylogenies to trace the source of disease outbreaks 480 14 Dates Telling the time page 438 Confidence 439 Fossilization: a chance at immortality 441 Alternative hypotheses 442 Coda: You are a scientist What do I do now? page 484 Glossary Index
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author	Bromham, Lindell
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spelling	Bromham, Lindell Verfasser (DE-588)1186181311 aut An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics Lindell Bromham Second edition Oxford Oxford University Press [2016] xv, 514 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Preface: "The first edition of this book was titled 'Reading the Story in DNA: a beginner's guide to molecular evolution'. This new edition contains some of the same material, but has been considerably expanded, updated, and remodelled" Molecular evolution Phylogeny Phylogenetik (DE-588)4174591-7 gnd rswk-swf Molekulare Evolution (DE-588)4812902-1 gnd rswk-swf Molekulare Evolution (DE-588)4812902-1 s Phylogenetik (DE-588)4174591-7 s b DE-604 Vorangegangen ist Bromham, Lindell Reading the story in DNA Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press, 2008 978-0-19-929091-8 (DE-604)BV023261363 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028681368&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Bromham, Lindell An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics Molecular evolution Phylogeny Phylogenetik (DE-588)4174591-7 gnd Molekulare Evolution (DE-588)4812902-1 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4174591-7 (DE-588)4812902-1
title	An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics
title_auth	An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics
title_exact_search	An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics
title_full	An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics Lindell Bromham
title_fullStr	An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics Lindell Bromham
title_full_unstemmed	An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics Lindell Bromham
title_old	Bromham, Lindell Reading the story in DNA
title_short	An introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics
title_sort	an introduction to molecular evolution and phylogenetics
topic	Molecular evolution Phylogeny Phylogenetik (DE-588)4174591-7 gnd Molekulare Evolution (DE-588)4812902-1 gnd
topic_facet	Molecular evolution Phylogeny Phylogenetik Molekulare Evolution
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