The genocide of the Pontian Greeks:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Thessaloniki
K. & M. Ant. Stamoulis
2015
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Enthält ausführliche Bibliographie, Seiten 563-654 |
| Beschreibung: | 685 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9786185161194 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The genocide of the Pontian Greeks |c Konstantinos Emm. Fotiadis Aristotle University, Thessaloniki |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804175721883500544 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION............................................................ 15
Chapter One
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE BLACK SEA GREEKS.................................. 19
1. Pontos in antiquity................................................... 19
2. The empire of the Comneni of Trebizond ............................... 25
3. Ottoman rule in Pontos................................................ 26
4. The Greek-speaking Muslims of Pontos.................................. 31
5. Forced Islamization in the 20th century............................... 33
6. The crypto-Christians of Pontos ...................................... 33
7. Pontos during the era of reforms...................................... 36
8. Democracy in Pontos ................................................. 38
9. The Hellenism of Russia............................................... 41
Chapter 2
THE ETHNOLOGICAL SITUATION IN PONTOS..................................... 45
Chapter Three
FROM OTTOMAN REFORMS TO GENOCIDE......................................... 63
Chapter Four
THE GENOCIDE OF THE BLACK SEA GREEKS, 1908-1914.......................... 83
1. The Young Turk revolution and the Greeks of Asia Minor.............. 83
2. The parliamentary elections of 1908 ................................ 87
3. The conscription of the Christians ................................ 93
4. The education issue................................................ 97
5. The ideology of the Young Turks..................................... 99
6. “Ottomans to arms!”............................................... 103
7. The first Balkan War. The position of the Christians in Asia Minor . 105
8. The Ottoman parliament. The position of Greek politicians in Asia Minor .... 109
9. German policy in Asia Minor ........................................ 113
10. The issue of refugees in Asia Minor.................................. 125
11. The Young Turk anti-Greek boycott.................................... 133
12. The issue of refugees in Pontos...................................... 138
13. The Patriarchate in mourning: churches and schools closed down....... 144
14. World War I ......................................................... 148
6
THE GENOCIDE OF THE PONTIAN GREEKS
15. The work battalions.................................................. 155
16. Establishment of rescue partisan groups ............................. 163
Chapter Five
THE GENOCIDE OF THE GREEK PONTIANS DURING THE YOUNG
TURK ERA (1915-1918)............................................... 169
1. German Policy in Asia Minor (1915) .................................. 169
2. The relocation and Liman von Sanders................................. 171
3. The persecution of Greeks as described in German and Austrian documents . 174
4. The policy of military taxation. The work battalions ................. 180
5. The death marches..................................................... 182
6. Topal Osman appears in an official capacity........................... 185
7. The Church under fire: the privileges of the Ecumenical Patriarchate re-
moved. Forced Islamizations.............................................. 191
8. The fate of the monasteries and convents of Pontos.................... 194
9. Guerrilla warfare in Pontos .......................................... 199
10. German and Austrian policy in Asia Minor (1917) ...................... 208
11. Russian policy regarding the Pontian issue ........................... 212
12. Greece’s entry into World War I ...................................... 229
13. The persecution spreads............................................... 231
14. The Armenianization of the Pontian Greeks ............................ 237
15. The backlash escalates ............................................... 242
Chapter Six
FROM THE YOUNG TURKS TO MUSTAFA KEMAL.................................... 245
1. Developments in Pontos during the Mudros Truce........................ 245
2. Results of the four-year term......................................... 248
3. The future of the ethnic groups following the armistice. Expectations and
disappointments......................................................... 252
4. Diplomatic moves at the Peace Congress for Hellenism in Anatolia ...... 255
5. Pontian reactions to Venizelos’ plan. Pontian reports and accusations at the
peace conference ....................................................... 258
6. The defence offered by the Sultan’s delegation ........................ 266
7. The Great Powers’ policy in Asia Minor (1919).......................... 271
8. The Greek landings in Smyrna .......................................... 274
9. The plight of the Pontian Greeks in 1919 until the arrival of Mustafa Kemal .. 278
Chapter Seven
THE “GREY WOLF” AND THE POLICY OF ETHNIC CLEANSING....................... 283
1. The arrival of Mustafa Kemal in Samsun. The establishment of his
movement ................................................................. 283
CONTENTS
7
2. The Erzerum Congress (July 23—August 7, 1919)............................. 291
3. The Kemalist National Congress of Sivas (September 4—11, 1919.)........... 292
4. The rise of Kemalist nationalism ......................................... 295
5. Turkish fanaticism.................................................... 297
6. The Greek forces. The Pontian diaspora.................................... 299
Chapter Eight
THE RISE OF KEMALIST NATIONALISM UP TO THE TREATY OF
SEVRES................................................................. 303
1. The persecution of the Pontian Greeks - 1919 ............................ 303
2. The position of the refugees ............................................ 305
3. British documents and British policy of 1919 regarding Pontos............ 309
4. Foreign Responsibilities............................................. 312
5. Diplomatic developments and Venizelos’ part in the Pontian Question’..... 315
6. The Pontian Question during Venizelos’ government.................... 317
7. French policy reversal following the Bolshevik victory. The Grand National
Assembly of Turkey opens negotiations with the Bolsheviks................ 320
8. The Catastrophe of Nikaia (Iznik), Ada Pazar and Nikomedia (Izmit)....... 326
9. Mustafa Kemal - Topal Osman: Parallel lives ............................. 328
10. The purges in Pontos until the signing of the Treaty of Sèvres.......... 340
11. The Treaty of Sèvres and reactions to it ............................... 350
Chapter Nine
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS FOLLOWING THE TREATY OF SÈVRES ... 353
1. Greek and foreign attempts to save Pontos................................ 353
2. Proposal for landings on Pontos...................................... 355
3. Mobilization of the united Pontian leadership. Meeting with E. Venizelos. 357
4. The 1920 electoral defeat of Venizelos government. The rise of the royalists.
Consequences for Greece. Kemalist-Bolshevik collaboration................ 359
5. The Pontians of America.................................................. 365
6. Political developments. The Great Powers revise their policy and approach
Kemal................................................................ 366
7. The Soviet-Kemalist friendship and comradeship agreement................. 370
Chapter Ten
THE MARTYRS OF 1921..................................................... 381
1. Death by hanging .................................................... 381
2. Death marches: the martyrdom of Samsun................................... 394
3. Bafra - Havza - Merzifon............................................. 398
4. The crime of genocide in official records................................ 411
5. Italian testimonies ................................................. 418
8
THE GENOCIDE OF THE PONTIAN GREEKS
6. September 1921: Santa, the Souli of Pontos........................... 421
7. Independence courts.................................................. 430
Chapter Eleven
PROTESTS - INTERNATIONAL OUTCRY..................................... 439
1. Come, we plead for mercy!........................................ 439
2. Greek intellectuals protest against the Pontos tragedy (22.1 L1921) . 441
3. International solidarity......................................... 442
4. The Bolsheviks’ involvement in the crime of genocide................. 445
5. Kemalist deceit.................................................. 448
Chapter Twelve
INTERNATIONAL PROTEST............................................... 457
1. The reports of the League of Nations Committee .................. 457
2. Victim review.................................................... 464
3. Eye-witness accounts............................................. 464
Chapter Thirteen
EPITAPH LAMENT...................................................... 471
1. Kemalist propaganda, 1922-1923 ................................. 471
2. The partisans of Pontos and the responsibility of Greek governments. 476
3. The uprooting of the Black Sea Greeks. The constant information of the
Allied Powers.................................................... 488
4. Foreign eyewitnesses: increased sensitivity..................... 491
5. Diplomatic games................................................ 497
6. The friendship and cooperation treaty between Ukraine and Kemal. M.
Frunze’s account of the genocide of the Black Sea Greeks......... 506
7. Death rattle.................................................... 515
8. The Great Betrayal.............................................. 531
9. The Kemalist counterattack against the Greek army .............. 541
10. Multiple genocides.............................................. 547
12. The desertion of monasteries and convents in Pontos............. 551
13. The last Argonauts ............................................. 554
14. A debt owed..................................................... 557
ARCHIVAL SOURCES.................................................... 563
BIBLIOGRAPHY........................................................ 573
GREEK............................................................... 573
FOREIGN............................................................. 609
NEWSPAPER AND MAGAZINE ARTICLES..................................... 625
CAPTIONS............................................................ 655
|
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| spelling | Phōtiadēs, Kōnstantinos E. 1948- Verfasser (DE-588)136039413 aut The genocide of the Pontian Greeks Konstantinos Emm. Fotiadis Aristotle University, Thessaloniki Thessaloniki K. & M. Ant. Stamoulis 2015 685 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Enthält ausführliche Bibliographie, Seiten 563-654 Geschichte 1908-1923 gnd rswk-swf Völkermord (DE-588)4063690-2 gnd rswk-swf Pontosgriechen (DE-588)1247206696 gnd rswk-swf Pontosgriechen (DE-588)1247206696 s Völkermord (DE-588)4063690-2 s Geschichte 1908-1923 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028639677&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Phōtiadēs, Kōnstantinos E. 1948- The genocide of the Pontian Greeks Völkermord (DE-588)4063690-2 gnd Pontosgriechen (DE-588)1247206696 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4063690-2 (DE-588)1247206696 |
| title | The genocide of the Pontian Greeks |
| title_auth | The genocide of the Pontian Greeks |
| title_exact_search | The genocide of the Pontian Greeks |
| title_full | The genocide of the Pontian Greeks Konstantinos Emm. Fotiadis Aristotle University, Thessaloniki |
| title_fullStr | The genocide of the Pontian Greeks Konstantinos Emm. Fotiadis Aristotle University, Thessaloniki |
| title_full_unstemmed | The genocide of the Pontian Greeks Konstantinos Emm. Fotiadis Aristotle University, Thessaloniki |
| title_short | The genocide of the Pontian Greeks |
| title_sort | the genocide of the pontian greeks |
| topic | Völkermord (DE-588)4063690-2 gnd Pontosgriechen (DE-588)1247206696 gnd |
| topic_facet | Völkermord Pontosgriechen |
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