Modification:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, United Kingdom
Cambridge University Press
2016
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Key topics in semantics and pragmatics
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xi, 333 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781107009752 |
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Grammatik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Grammar, Comparative and general |x Adverbials | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Semantics | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804175379273875456 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Modifiers and modification have been a major focus of inquiry for as
long as the formal study of semantics has existed, and remain at the
heart of major theoretical debates in the field. Modification offers
comprehensive coverage of a wide range of topics, including vague-
ness and gradability, comparatives and degree constructions, the
lexical semantics of adjectives and adverbs, crosscategorial regu-
larities, and the relation between meaning and syntactic category.
Morzycki guides the reader through the varied and sometimes myste-
rious phenomena surrounding modification and the ideas that have
been proposed to account for them. Presenting disparate approaches
in a consistent analytical framework, this accessibly written work,
which includes an extensive glossary of technical terms, is essential
reading for researchers and students of all levels in linguistics, the
philosophy of language, and psycholinguistics.
* Uses an accessible, pedagogical style for greater understanding
of the empirical phenomena, theoretical proposals, and analytical
tools
* Provides detailed, worked-out examples of technical computations
* Includes a glossary of technical terminology
Contents
Acknowledgments page x
1 Preliminaries 1
1.1 Two problems 1
1.2 What this book is and isn’t 2
1.3 Background assumptions 3
1.3.1 Glossing logical notation 3
1.3.2 Theoretical framework 4
1.3.3 Notational and typographical conventions 7
1.4 What, if anything, is modification? 8
1.5 Roadmap 12
2 The lexical semantics of adjectives: more than just scales 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 How adjectives and nouns combine: a typology 14
2.2.1 Intersective interpretations 14
2.2.2 Subsective interpretations 16
2.2.3 Apparently subsective intersective
interpretations 20
2.2.4 Ordinary non-subsective adjectives 22
2.2.5 Privative adjectives, which may not exist 24
2.3 The type of adjectives and the nature of subsectivity 26
2.3.1 How powerful are adjectives? 26
2.3.2 Siegel: the Doublet Theory 30
2.3.3 Larson: events inside the nominal extended
projection 34
2.3.4 The implicit-argument approach 41
2.3.5 How much power is too much? Impossible
adjectives 42
2.4 The menagerie of adjectives 44
2.4.1 A word about adjective classification 44
2.4.2 Temporal-ordering adjectives 45
v
2.4.3 Classificatory/relational adjectives 48
2.4.4 The trouble with stone lions 53
2.4.5 The attributive-with-infinitive construction 55
2.4.6 Adnominal degree modifiers 57
2.5 Adjectives where they have no right to be: adverbial
readings 59
2.5.1 A scope puzzle 59
2.5.2 Frequency adjectives: the facts 60
2.5.3 The adverbial reading of frequency adjectives 63
2.5.4 The internal reading of frequency adjectives 67
2.5.5 Average Americans and parasitic scope 68
2.5.6 Sameness and difference 74
2.5.7 Other adverbial readings and the bigger
picture 77
2.6 Adjective position and syntactic issues 79
2.6.1 Attributive vs. predicative, prenominal vs.
postnominal 79
2.6.2 Indirect modification 81
* 2.6.3 Stage-level/individual-level contrasts 82
2.6.4 A focus position? 84
2.7 What is it to be an adjective? 85
2.8 Questions for further reflection and discussion 86
2.9 Suggestions for further reading 87
Vagueness, degrees, and gradable predicates 88
3.1 Introduction 88
3.2 Vagueness 89
3.2.1 Identifying vagueness 89
3.2.2 Vagueness vs. ambiguity 91
3.2.3 Vagueness vs. imprecision 93
3.2.4 Some foundational questions 96
3.3 Theories of vagueness and gradability: a false start 97
3.3.1 Three approaches 97
3.3.2 Fuzzy logic 98
3.4 The inherent vagueness approach 100
3.4.1 Extension gaps 100
3.4.2 Precisification and supertruth 102
3.4.3 Comparatives 104
3.4.4 Degree words 107
3.4.5 Degree functions and comparatives revisited 108
3.5 The degree-based approach 209
3.5.1 Degrees 109
Contents
Vil
3.5.2 Gradable predicates 112
3.5.3 Borderline cases and context-dependence 115
3.5.4 The tautology and contradiction issue 117
3.5.5 Comparatives 118
3.5.6 Degree words 119
3.5.7 Varieties of degrees 119
3.6 Degree or not degree? That is the question 121
3.7 Scales and the lexical semantics of adjectives 124
3.7.1 Antonyms 124
3.7.2 Open and closed scales 131
3.7.3 Dimensional and non-dimensional
adjectives 138
3.7.4 Extreme adjectives 140
3.7.5 Gradable modal adjectives 144
3.7.6 On scales and categories 145
3.8 Questions for further reflection and discussion 147
3.9 Suggestions for further reading 148
4 Comparatives and their kin 149
4.1 Introduction 149
4.2 The syntax and semantics of the extended AP 150
4.2.1 Getting terminology out of the way 350
4.2.2 The unpronounced in comparative clauses 150
4.2.3 First steps 152
4.2.4 The big DegP view 157
4.2.5 The small DegP view 159
4.2.6 Scope and degree operators 163
4.2.7 The Russell ambiguity 168
4.2.8 Quantification and comparative clauses 169
4.3 Other degree constructions 171
4.3.1 Differential comparatives and measure
phrases 371
4.3.2 Equatives 173
4.3.3 Superlatives 174
4.3.4 Sufficiency and excess 176
4.3.5 Degree exclamatives and degree questions 177
4.3.6 Metalinguistic comparatives 178
4.3.7 Comparison of deviation 180
4.3.8 Indirect comparison 181
4.4 Neutralization and positive-entailingness 183
4.5 The crosslinguistic picture 186
4.5.1 Measure phrases 186
Vill
Contents
4.5.2 Comparison strategies 187
4.5.3 How much degree is there in your degree
constructions? 188
4.6 Questions for further reflection and discussion 191
4.7 Suggestions for further reading 191
5 Adverbs 193
5.1 Introduction 193
5.2 Classifying adverbials 194
5.3 The compositional puzzle 197
5.3.1 Modifiers of propositions? 197
5.3.2 Subject-oriented adverbs and the
predicate-modifier approach 199
5.3.3 Problems for the intersective approach 201
5.3.4 Davidsonian events: the intersective approach
redeemed 204
5.4 Manner and subject orientation 208
5.4.1 Augmentation and passive-sensitivity 208
i 5.4.2 The Neo-Davidsonian strategy and thematic
roles 212
5.4.3 Comparison classes and related tools 215
5.4.4 The bottom-up analytical strategy 221
5.4.5 Topic-orientation 223
5.4.6 Is there such a thing as a manner? 226
5.5 Speaker-oriented adverbials 228
5.5.1 Speech-act adverbials 228
5.5.2 Evaluative adverbs 233
5.5.3 Modal adverbs 235
5.5.4 Polarity 236
5.6 Locative adverbials 237
5.6.1 Types and positions of locative adverbials 237
5.6.2 Vector Space Semantics 238
5.7 Adverbs as modifiers of adjectives 240
5.8 Phenomena we will mostly set aside 243
5.8.1 Temporal adverbials 243
5.8.2 Adverbs of quantification 245
5.9 Adverb order revisited 246
5.10 Questions for further reflection and discussion 248
5.11 Suggestions for further reading 249
6 Crosscategorial concerns 250
6.1 Introduction 250
6.2 Amounts and cardinality scales 251
Contents
IX
6.2.1 Quantity adjectives and number words 251
6.2.2 Amount comparatives 255
6.3 Gradability and non-adjectival predicates 257
6.3.1 Verbal gradability 257
6.3.2 Nominal gradability 260
6.4 Hedging and reinforcing across categories 262
6.5 Nonrestrictive modifiers 267
6.6 Predicates of personal taste 271
6.7 Questions for further reflection and discussion 273
6.8 Suggestions for further reading 274
7 Taking stock 276
7.1 Back to the beginning 276
7.2 Where to from here? 279
Glossary 284
References 298
Index 330
|
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| spelling | Morzycki, Marcin Verfasser (DE-588)1080250956 aut Modification Marcin Morzycki Cambridge, United Kingdom Cambridge University Press 2016 xi, 333 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Key topics in semantics and pragmatics Includes bibliographical references and index Grammatik Grammar, Comparative and general Adverbials Semantics Semantics (Philosophy) Modifikation Linguistik (DE-588)4529633-9 gnd rswk-swf Modifikator (DE-588)4170323-6 gnd rswk-swf Semantik (DE-588)4054490-4 gnd rswk-swf Modifikation Linguistik (DE-588)4529633-9 s Modifikator (DE-588)4170323-6 s Semantik (DE-588)4054490-4 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028450656&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028450656&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Morzycki, Marcin Modification Grammatik Grammar, Comparative and general Adverbials Semantics Semantics (Philosophy) Modifikation Linguistik (DE-588)4529633-9 gnd Modifikator (DE-588)4170323-6 gnd Semantik (DE-588)4054490-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4529633-9 (DE-588)4170323-6 (DE-588)4054490-4 |
| title | Modification |
| title_auth | Modification |
| title_exact_search | Modification |
| title_full | Modification Marcin Morzycki |
| title_fullStr | Modification Marcin Morzycki |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modification Marcin Morzycki |
| title_short | Modification |
| title_sort | modification |
| topic | Grammatik Grammar, Comparative and general Adverbials Semantics Semantics (Philosophy) Modifikation Linguistik (DE-588)4529633-9 gnd Modifikator (DE-588)4170323-6 gnd Semantik (DE-588)4054490-4 gnd |
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