Patterns of life: biogeography of a changing world
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boston
Unwin Hyman
[2013?]
|
| Ausgabe: | softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 370 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten |
| ISBN: | 0045740321 004574033X 9780045740338 9789401164993 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Patterns of life |b biogeography of a changing world |c H.W. Mielke |
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| 264 | 1 | |a Boston |b Unwin Hyman |c [2013?] | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Acknowledgements vii
List of tables xiii
Introduction 1
PART ONE PHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS 5
one The planetary and geological context of life 7
Introduction 7
General background 7
Cratering 8
Faulting 11
Volcanism 14
Gradation and landforms 16
Isostatic adjustment of the crust 20
Sea-floor spreading and continental drift 21
Organic landforms 22
Conclusions 23
Further reading 24
two The Earth, life, and energy cycles 25
Introduction 25
The Earth and energy cycles 25
Cycles based on orbital changes 28
The Moon and the Earth s tides 29
Periodic extinctions of plants and animals 34
Conclusions 35
Further reading 36
PART TWO PAST EVENTS AND THEIR BIOGEOGRAPHIC SIGNIFICANCE 39
three Evolution of the biosphere 41
Introduction 41
The evolution of the Earth s atmosphere 42
ix
CONTENTS
Evolutionary relationships between organisms 43
Biogeochemical pathways and the evolution of the atmosphere 47
Physical evidence of the evolution of the Earth s biosphere 52
Conclusions 57
Further reading 57
FOUR Continental drift 58
Introduction 58
The development of the continental drift idea: the early hypothesis 58
The modem theory of sea-floor spreading and plate tectonics 59
Paleogeography; continental drift during the Phanerozoic 60
The response of animals to continental movement and geomagnetic changes 64
Plate tectonics and the pattern of life 67
The continuing effect of continental drift 73
Conclusions 77
Further reading 77
five Biogeographic patterns and ice age events 78
Introduction 78
Types of glaciers 78
Causes of extensive glaciation 79
Glacial climatology 80
Reshaping the Earth s surface 84
Biogeographic implications of glacial events 88
Conclusions 98
Further reading 98
PART THREE PRESENT ENVIRONMENTS AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS 101
six The climatic environment 103
Introduction 103
Meteorological processes 103
Mountain climates and biogeography 108
The relationship between climate and vegetation 112
Dynamic aspects of climate and biogeography 118
Proxy data of climatic change 121
Causes of climatic fluctuations 122
Conclusions 124
Further reading 124
seven Marine and terrestrial environments 125
Introduction 125
The Earth s two major environments 125
Soil as a major evolutionary development 130
Productivity and structures of the marine environment 137
x
CONTENTS
Productivity and structural characteristics of terrestrial biosystems 141
Interaction of marine and terrestrial systems 146
Conclusions 147
Further reading 147
eight Freshwater environments 148
Introduction 148
The water cycle 148
Streams 149
Soil-plant-atmo sphere continuum 156
General characteristics of stream organisms 161
Natural impoundments 165
The estuary 170
Conclusions 171
Further reading 171
nine Island environments 172
introduction 172
The physical geographic setting of islands 172
Biotic features of islands 176
Characteristics of the patterns of island life 181
Mountain tops, réfugia, and other islands 185
Evolutionary significance of islands 187
Human disruption of islands 188
Conclusions 192
Further reading 193
ten Environments linked through animal movements 194
Introduction 194
Skills and aids required for navigation 194
Navigation feats of organisms 195
The origin of flight 197
Bird migration 198
Insect migration 205
Fish migrations 206
Migration among mammals 208
Conclusions 212
Further reading 213
eleven Organisms and environments integrated through coevolution 214
Introduction 214
The compartment and transfer model 216
Plant֊ to ֊plant relationships 217
Plant-soil relationships 217
Plant-animal interactions 222
Animal-animal relationships: predators and prey 227
XI
CONTENTS
Animal-soil relationships: biogeochemical dynamos 231
Conclusions 237
Further reading 237
PART FOUR THE HUMAN IMPACT 239
twelve Fire as an old and new agent of change 241
Introduction 241
Attributes of humans and other animals 241
Metabolism of animals and humans 242
Evolution of fire as a human cultural tool 243
Carbon dioxide 248
Acid rain 251
Nuclear winter 257
Conclusions 260
Further reading 261 i
thirteen Man the maker and exterminator of plants and animals 262
Introduction 262
Human population growth 262
Subsistence diet of the hunter and gatherer 264
The plant diet and neolithic lifestyle 270
Plant domestication 272
The Columbian exchange 281
Conclusions 287
Further reading 288
fourteen Biogeographic repercussions of the intensification of agriculture 289
Introduction 289
The North American prairie: grassland to grainfield 289
The cultural evolution of till agriculture 293
Industrialization of till agriculture 298
The impact of agriculture on patterns of life 299
Plant breeding: expanding the perplexity of mechanized agriculture 309
Conclusions 311
Further reading 312
fifteen The impact of urban-industrial development on patterns of life 313
Introduction 313
The impact of petroleum and petrochemicals 313
Industrialization, urbanization, and population growth 317
Final conclusions 331
Further reading 336
References 337
Index 361
Xll
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:14:17Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0045740321 004574033X 9780045740338 9789401164993 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Mielke, Howard W. Verfasser aut Patterns of life biogeography of a changing world H.W. Mielke softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989 Boston Unwin Hyman [2013?] XIV, 370 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biogeografie (DE-588)4006801-8 gnd rswk-swf Biogeografie (DE-588)4006801-8 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028403746&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Mielke, Howard W. Patterns of life biogeography of a changing world Biogeografie (DE-588)4006801-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4006801-8 |
| title | Patterns of life biogeography of a changing world |
| title_auth | Patterns of life biogeography of a changing world |
| title_exact_search | Patterns of life biogeography of a changing world |
| title_full | Patterns of life biogeography of a changing world H.W. Mielke |
| title_fullStr | Patterns of life biogeography of a changing world H.W. Mielke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Patterns of life biogeography of a changing world H.W. Mielke |
| title_short | Patterns of life |
| title_sort | patterns of life biogeography of a changing world |
| title_sub | biogeography of a changing world |
| topic | Biogeografie (DE-588)4006801-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biogeografie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028403746&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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