Describing verb valency: practical and theoretical issues
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cham [u.a.]
Springer
2015
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XXI, 287 S. |
| ISBN: | 9783319209845 9783319209852 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Mario A. Perini
Describing Verb Valency
Practical and Theoretical Issues
The elaboration of linguistic theories depends on the existence of adequate descriptions
of particular languages; otherwise theories will be poorly grounded on empirical data.
This book starts from theoretical points of wide acceptance among linguists and goes
on to present a descriptive metalanguage, able to express the facts of verb valency,
which constitute one of the core areas in linguistic description. Most of the data come
from an extensive survey under way of the valency of Portuguese verbs; but the present
works relevance goes well beyond that, and incorporates a proposal applicable to other
European languages, illustrated by the wealth of English examples included in the
exposition. Among the topics discussed are the syntactic component of constructions
(following here a proposal recently published in Culicover and Jackendoff s Simpler
Syntax); delimitation and definition of semantic roles; the role of linking rules and their
relation to prototypes; and the connection between linguistic expressions and cognitive
units such as frames and schemata. The result is a notational svstem flexible and robust
v
enough to describe all aspects of verb valency.
Contents
1 Constructions, Diatheses, Valency.................................... 1
1.1 Defining Constructions......................................... 1
1.2 Diatheses, Valency............................................. 4
1.3 Representation of Diatheses in a Dictionary.................... 6
1.3.1 Structure of the Entries............................... 6
1.3.2 Diatheses and Construction Grammar..................... 8
1.3.3 The ‘VSubj’ Convention................................. 9
1.3.4 Subjectless Sentences and the Person-Number Suffix... 10
1.4 Alternations.................................................. 11
1.5 Counting Verbs................................................ 12
1.5.1 One Verb or Many Verbs?............................... 12
1.5.2 Readings and Diatheses................................ 15
1.6 Optional and Syntactically Free Constituents.................. 17
1.6.1 Optionality........................................... 17
1.6.2 Syntactically Free Constituents....................... 20
1.6.3 A Note on the Use of *................................ 22
1.7 Complements and Adjuncts...................................... 22
1.7.1 Do We Need This Dichotomy?............................ 22
1.7.2 Adjuncts and Complements in the Literature............ 25
1.7.3 A Temporary Solution.................................. 31
1.8 What Is a Sentence?........................................... 33
1.9 Summary: On Stating Constructions............................. 34
2 Syntactic Functions.................................................. 37
2.1 Simpler Syntax................................................ 37
2.2 Rethinking Syntactic Functions................................ 39
2.3 Agreement..................................................... 40
2.4 Finding the Subject........................................... 41
2.5 Other NPs in the Sentence..................................... 44
xvii
xviii Contents
2.6 Adverbials and Prepositional Phrases........................... 47
2.6.1 Adverbial Constituents................................ 47
2.6.2 Indirect Object....................................... 48
2.7 Summary: Syntactic Functions in the Sentence................... 51
3 Semantic Roles in Grammatical Description........................... 53
3.1 Semantic Roles and Sentence Constituents....................... 53
3.2 Semantic Roles and Conceptual Semantic Relations (CSRs) ... 56
3.3 Semantics...................................................... 58
3.4 Symbolic Relations............................................ 60
3.5 Constructions as Descriptive Tools............................. 61
4 Delimitation and Definition........................................ 65
4.1 A Problem...................................................... 65
4.2 Looking for Solutions.......................................... 65
4.2.1 The Particularist Hypothesis.......................... 65
4.2.2 Type Roles............................................ 68
4.3 Semantic Roles Are Necessary................................... 69
4.3.1 A Mixed Solution?..................................... 69
4.3.2 Evidence for Type Roles............................... 70
4.4 Semantic Roles and the Description of Valencies................ 73
4.4.1 CSRs and Semantic Roles: Degrees
of Schematicity........................................ 73
4.4.2 Three Degrees of Elaboration.......................... 75
4.4.3 Criterion of Necessity.............................. 77
4.4.4 Criterion of Semantic Similarity...................... 79
4.4.5 An Example: The Process of Elaboration................ 83
4.4.6 The Content of Semantic Roles......................... 86
4.4.7 Decomposition of CSRs................................. 86
4.5 How to Define CSRs............................................. 88
4.6 Categorization and Semantic Roles.............................. 91
4.7 Discussing Examples............................................ 92
4.7.1 Causator and Agent.................................... 92
4.7.2 Agent and Experiencer................................. 94
4.7.3 Time and Location..................................... 96
4.7.4 Three Types of Patient............................... 100
5 Core CSRs........................................................... 103
5.1 Core and Peripheral CSRs...................................... 103
5.2 Empirical Evidence............................................ 106
5.2.1 Degrees of Cohesion.................................. 106
5.2.2 Designing Experiments................................ 108
5.2.3 Experiment: Free Production of Sentences............. 109
5.2.4 Core CSRs and Lexical Extension...................... Ill
Contents
XIX
5 Coding Semantic Relations.......................................... 113
6.1 A Preliminary Note............................................ 113
6.2 Coding Semantic Roles......................................... 114
6.3 Role-Coding Mechanisms........................................ 115
6.4 Coding by Verb Valency........................................ 117
6.5 Light Verb Constructions...................................... 119
6.5.1 Semantic Functions of the Verb in the Sentence........ 119
6.5.2 Exceptional Verbs..................................... 120
6.5.3 Light Verbs........................................... 121
6.5.4 Event Participants.................................... 125
6.5.5 Event Specification as a Semantic Role................ 126
6.5.6 Assertion and Presupposition.......................... 128
6.6 Complex Constructions......................................... 129
6.6.1 One Clause, Two Events................................ 129
6.6.2 More Examples........................................ 130
6.6.3 Reciprocals........................................... 137
6.7 Primary and Secondary Events.................................. 140
7 Prepositions, Transparency, and Prototypes......................... 141
7.1 Semantically Autonomous Phrases............................... 141
7.2 Prepositional Phrases......................................... 141
7.3 Prototypes.................................................... 143
7.3.1 Prototypical Roles of Prepositions.................... 143
7.3.2 Defining Prototypes................................... 148
7.4 Transparent NPs, AdvPs, and AdjPs............................. 150
7.4.1 Semantic-Role Potential of the NP..................... 150
7.4.2 Adverbial and Adjective Phrases....................... 151
8 Hierarchies and Human Subjects..................................... 153
8.1 The Prototypes Revisited...................................... 153
8.2 Linking Rules................................................. 154
8.2.1 Agent and Subject..................................... 155
8.2.2 Mental Event/State and Subject........................ 157
8.2.3 Linking Rules and the Simplification of Diatheses .... 161
8.2.4 Context-Sensitive Linking Rules....................... 163
8.2.5 Prepositions and Linking Rules........................ 164
8.3 Schematic Filters............................................. 166
8.4 The Subject First Rule........................................ 168
8.5 Stating Linking Rules......................................... 170
8.5.1 Interplay of Linking Rules and Diatheses.............. 170
8.5.2 The Role of World Knowledge........................... 171
8.5.3 Lexical Markers....................................... 172
8.6 What Linking Rules Are Trying to Say.......................... 172
XX
Conte
9 Direct Schema Connections........................................ lj*
9.1 Missing Prepositions in Topic and Relative Sentences...... 17
9.2 Role-Coding by Default: Topic Sentences................... 17
9.3 Role-Coding by Default: Particularized Semantic Relations ... 1
9.4 Role-Coding by Default: Semantic Role Elaboration......... 18
9.5 Role-Coding by Default: The Remaining Complement.......... 18*
9.6 On Counting Diatheses..................................... 18f
10 Other Aspects of the Role-Coding Process......................... 18c
10.1 Paired Semantic Roles...................................... 18T*
10.1.1 Nominal Agreement and Paired Semantic Roles....... 18S
10.1.2 Pairing and the Analysis of Predicatives.......... 195
10.1.3 Looking for a Partner............................. 19
10.2 Semantic Roles and Verbal Aspect.......................... 199
10.3 On Multiple Semantic Roles................................ 200
10.4 A Note on Auxiliaries..................................... 201
i
11 Paring Diatheses Down............................................ 203
11.1 Linking Rules............................................. 203
11.2 Applying the Rules........................................ 204
11.3 The Theoretical Status of Simplified Diatheses............ 208
12 Summary.......................................................... 211
12.1 Theoretical Notes......................................... 211
12.2 General Restrictions...................................... 213
12.2.1 Partial Ill-Formedness Is Total Ill-Formedness.... 213
12.2.2 Paired Roles Cannot Appear Singly................. 214
12.2.3 Only One Agent per Sentence....................... 214
12.3 On Coding by Default...................................... 214
12.4 Semantic Role Coding and the Limits of Valency............ 215
12.5 Entries in the Valency Dictionary......................... 216
12.6 What Can Valency Lists Tell Us?........................... 218
12.6.1 The Search for Generalizations.................... 218
12.6.2 Grammar and the Lexicon........................... 220
12.6.3 On Grammars and Leakings.......................... 221
12.7 Epilogue: Towards More Schematic Roles.................... 221
12.7.1 Semantic Roles in the Dictionary.................. 222
12.7.2 Simpler Semantics................................. 222
12.7.3 Examples.......................................... 223
12.7.4 Looking Ahead..................................... 226
Appendix A: Some Verbs and Their Valencies........................... 227
Appendix B: The FrameNet Project (with Larissa Ciriaco).............. 239
Contents
XXI
Appendix C: The ADESSE Database
Appendix D: The Erlangen Valency Patternbank 4
..................... 253
Appendix E: Other Databases and Valency Dictionaries
Appendix F: Why ,he Passive Construction Is a Diathesis „rsee. . ^
References........................................................... ^
Index........................ ....................................
.................................... 285
|
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| spelling | Perini, Mário A. 1943- Verfasser (DE-588)134058151 aut Describing verb valency practical and theoretical issues Mário A. Perini Cham [u.a.] Springer 2015 XXI, 287 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Valenz Linguistik (DE-588)4078727-8 gnd rswk-swf Verb (DE-588)4062553-9 gnd rswk-swf Portugiesisch (DE-588)4120316-1 gnd rswk-swf Verb (DE-588)4062553-9 s Valenz Linguistik (DE-588)4078727-8 s DE-604 Portugiesisch (DE-588)4120316-1 s Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028365552&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028365552&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | Describing verb valency practical and theoretical issues |
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| title_exact_search | Describing verb valency practical and theoretical issues |
| title_full | Describing verb valency practical and theoretical issues Mário A. Perini |
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| title_short | Describing verb valency |
| title_sort | describing verb valency practical and theoretical issues |
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