Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją: muzułmanie w Niemczech
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Warszawa
Instytut Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk
2015
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Abstract Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Between fundamentalism and assimilation |
| Beschreibung: | 266 s. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill., Kt. 21 cm. |
| ISBN: | 9788364091421 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Between Fundamentalism and Asymilation.
Muslims in Germany
Summary
German immigration policy has a long history. In the nineteenth
century, immigrants from German lands set off into the world in search
of a better future, primarily to the United States. This was mainly
economic emigration caused by the prevailing conditions such as high
population growth and the growing structural crisis of the economy
based on agriculture. The appeal and attraction of the United States
were equally important.
Germany began to be an attractive destination for immigrants, and
the process gained momentum after the country’s unification. A strong
state was formed, followed by rapid industrialization and a growing
demand for manpower. The last phase of emigration from Germany
ended in the 1990s of the nineteenth century.
After World War II the influx of immigrants is associated primarily
with the history of the Federal Republic of Germany, as the German
Democratic Republic, which was the other German state created after
264
Summary
this war, was attractive for them to a limited extent. Western Europe,
including West Germany, experienced an economic boom since the
late 1950s, which was related to the lack of manpower in numerous
countries. The post-war emigration from Germany ended in the
mid-1950s. There was a growing influx of foreign workers or “guest
workers” from other countries, who were to make up for the lack of
manpower, earn better than in their own countries, and, when no longer
needed, go back to their homelands with the accumulated capital.
West Germany’s population grew largely due to the influx from
other countries, while classical immigrants were initially in minority.
By the beginning of the twenty-first century, in addition to a large group
of refugees from East Germany, a total of about 4.5 million persons
declaring German nationality and displaced from countries located
to the east and south-east of West Germany came to that country. In the
later stages of migration, there were more and more immigrants from
non-European countries, including Muslims (primarily from Turkey
and Arab countries).
Germans were not prepared for the influx of immigrants, and
treated them as temporary inhabitants, but the newcomers did not
want to go back their homelands, and preferred to bring their families
to West Germany. By the early 1990s, immigrant communities in West
Germany developed into its present form. A multimillion Muslim
group was one of them. West German society was very resistant
to newcomers, who had low social and professional status, started
to join trade unions in the second generation, and were absent in the
social and political life of the country.
At the same time, political elites referred to the idea of
a multicultural society. As a result, there was no balanced discussion
on the extent to which immigrants should adopt values prevailing in
the new country of residence so as to exist as full-fledged and accepted
Summary
265
citizens. In addition, the influx of immigrants accelerated changes in
national identity in the united Germany.
To understand the resulting tensions, it is necessary to take into
account both religious differences and relations with Turkey, from
which the majority of Muslim immigrants came to Germany. The
current problems of Muslim identity arise not so much from religion,
but from the history of Islam and the crisis it has been going through
for a couple of centuries, leading to the emergence of fundamentalism
and terrorism. Related conflicts and tensions are transferred to the
communities of Muslim immigrants in Europe, which is reflected in
discussions about Sharia law, human rights, religious freedom, freedom
of expression and equality of women.
Having very low birth rates, Germany is doomed to the influx
of immigrants to preserve the age structure of the population. The
turbulent process of German reunification and the rejection of
the concept of constitutional patriotism as a modem formula for
consolidating a democratic society were accompanied by a difficult
process of adjusting German law to the realities of the immigrant
country and the need to integrate in-movers. There were vivid debates
about the need to reduce the influx of immigrants by imposing
restrictions on economic migrants who were pretending to be asylum
seekers. The 90s were a period of lively discussions about the
integration of immigrants, their preparedness to integrate and the
danger of the formation of parallel communities. There were divergent
opinions on multiculturalism and the legitimacy of using the term “the
leading German culture” (Leitkultur).The process of integration was
hindered after 11 September 2001 as Islam began to be identified with
terror, which lead to an increase in hostile attitudes towards Muslims.
As a result of the above-mentioned migration, the ethnic structure
of West Germany became more and more complicated. The number
266
Summary
of German residents of immigrant origin rose in the early twenty-first
century to more than 10% (seven millions), while the former division
into East and West Germany is still visible. In the new Lander, the
proportion of people of immigrant origin is much lower, approximately
2.5% (360 thousands).
German authorities try to support the integration processes
through political education and by enabling immigrants to leam
German language, legal system, culture, history and the principles of
a democratic state. Religious members of the Muslim community are
quite active in various associations and religious groups. The school
supports the integration of Muslims only to a limited extent. Difficult
challenges include the impact of fundamentalist movements and
terrorist groups, anti-Semitism of numerous Muslim immigrants and
a low level of education that translates into high delinquency rates.
Sometimes, the integration process is in regress. Some Germans,
for instance Thilo Sarrazin, express their criticism of immigrants,
and there is a growing reluctance in Germany to accept Turkey into
the European Union. Events in the second decade of the twenty-first
century in the Middle East, such as the wars in Syria and Iraq or the
Islamic State, even reinforce these tensions, which is manifested by
the Pegida movement. Certainly, it will not form a political force, but
it has demonstrated the scale of disturbances and tensions in German
society.
Spis treści
I Kształtowanie się społeczności imigrantów w Niemczech... 7
II Muzułmańcy imigranci. Islam.............................. 45
III Po zjednoczeniu Niemiec.................................. 89
1. Sytuacja demograficzna i polityka imigracyjna......... 89
2. Integracja imigrantów.................................119
3. Kontrowersje wokół książki Sarrazina..................174
IV Niemieckie stanowisko w sprawie przyjęcia Turcji
do Unii Europejskiej.....................................193
V Eskalacja napięć od roku 2012 ...........................223
Wykaz skrótów................................................241
Spis map.....................................................243
Spis rysunków................................................243
Spis tabel................................................. 243
Spis wykresów ...............................................244
Spis zdjęć ..................................................244
Bibliografia ................................................245
Summary .....................................................263
|
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| author | Madajczyk, Piotr 1959- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)103546723 |
| author_facet | Madajczyk, Piotr 1959- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Madajczyk, Piotr 1959- |
| author_variant | p m pm |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV042885732 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)927496684 (DE-599)BVBBV042885732 |
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| id | DE-604.BV042885732 |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:12:04Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788364091421 |
| language | Polish |
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| physical | 266 s. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill., Kt. 21 cm. |
| psigel | DHB_BSB_DDC DHB_JDG_ISBN_1 |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSearch | 2015 |
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| publisher | Instytut Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk |
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| spelling | Madajczyk, Piotr 1959- Verfasser (DE-588)103546723 aut Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją muzułmanie w Niemczech Piotr Madajczyk Warszawa Instytut Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk 2015 266 s. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill., Kt. 21 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Between fundamentalism and assimilation Muslim (DE-588)4040921-1 gnd rswk-swf Einwanderung (DE-588)4013960-8 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Einwanderung (DE-588)4013960-8 s Muslim (DE-588)4040921-1 s DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028314428&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028314428&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Madajczyk, Piotr 1959- Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją muzułmanie w Niemczech Muslim (DE-588)4040921-1 gnd Einwanderung (DE-588)4013960-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4040921-1 (DE-588)4013960-8 (DE-588)4011882-4 |
| title | Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją muzułmanie w Niemczech |
| title_auth | Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją muzułmanie w Niemczech |
| title_exact_search | Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją muzułmanie w Niemczech |
| title_full | Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją muzułmanie w Niemczech Piotr Madajczyk |
| title_fullStr | Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją muzułmanie w Niemczech Piotr Madajczyk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją muzułmanie w Niemczech Piotr Madajczyk |
| title_short | Między fundamentalizmem a asymilacją |
| title_sort | miedzy fundamentalizmem a asymilacja muzulmanie w niemczech |
| title_sub | muzułmanie w Niemczech |
| topic | Muslim (DE-588)4040921-1 gnd Einwanderung (DE-588)4013960-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Muslim Einwanderung Deutschland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028314428&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028314428&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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