Chemistry for environmental scientists:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
De Gruyter
2015
|
| Schriftenreihe: | De Gruyter graduate
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 379 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3110409992 9783110409994 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1809772133241323520 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Titel: Chemistry for Environmental Scientists
Autor: Möller, Detlev
Jahr: 2016
Contents
Preface — V
List of principal Symbols XII
1 Introduction 1
1.1 What do we mean by 'environment'? 1
1.2 What is chemistry? 2
2 Chemistry under environmental conditions 7
2.1 General remarks 7
2.2 States ofmatter 12
2.2.1 Atoms, elements, molecules, Compounds and substances —
2.2.2 Pure substances and mixtures 14
2.2.3 Concentration measures 15
2.3 Airandgases 20
2.3.1 Composition of the atmosphere 21
2.3.2 Properties of gases: The ideal gas 23
2.4 Waterand waters 32
2.4.1 Cyclingand chemical composition of waters 33
2.4.2 Physical and chemical properties of water 39
2.4.3 Properties of aqueous Solutions — 44
2.4.4 Water vapour 46
2.5 Solid matter 47
2.5.1 General remarks 47
2.5.2 Soils 49
2.5.3 Dust 50
3 Fundamentals of physical chemistry — 53
3.1 Chemical thermodynamics 53
3.1.1 First law of thermodynamics and its applications 54
3.1.2 Second law of thermodynamics and its applications 59
3.2 Equilibrium 67
3.2.1 Phase equilibrium 68
3.2.2 Chemical equilibrium 76
3.2.3 Dynamic equilibrium and steady State 87
3.3 Theory of chemical reactions 90
3.3.1 Chemical bonding 90
3.3.2 Types of chemical reactions 96
3.3.3 Chemical kinetics: Reaction rate constant 99
X Contents
3.3.4 Catalysis 105
3.3.5 Electrochemistry 106
3.3.6 Photochemistry 115
3.3.7 Heterogeneous chemistry 128
3.3.8 Radicals, groups, and nomenclature 128
4 Chemistry of elements and its Compounds in the environment 132
4.1 General remarks 133
4.2 Hydrogen 137
4.2.1 Natural occurrence 137
4.2.2 Compounds of hydrogen 138
4.2.3 Chemistry 139
4.3 Oxygen 141
4.3.1 Natural occurrence 143
4.3.2 Gas-phase chemistry 144
4.3.3 Aqueous-phase chemistry 148
4.4 Nitrogen 159
4.4.1 Natural occurrence and sources 162
4.4.2 Thermal dissociation of dinitrogen (N2) 163
4.4.3 Ammonia(NH3) 164
4.4.4 Dinitrogen monoxide (N20) 167
4.4.5 Nitrogen oxides (N0X) and oxoacids (HNOx) 168
4.4.6 Organic nitrogen Compounds 181
4.5 Sulphur 187
4.5.1 Natural occurrence and sources 189
4.5.2 Reduced sulphur: H2S, COS, CS2, and DMS 191
4.5.3 Oxides and oxoacids: S02, H2S03, S03, and H2SO4 194
4.6 Carbon 202
4.6.1 Elemental carbon 203
4.6.2 Inorganic Ci Chemistry: CO, C02, and H2C03 206
4.6.3 Organic carbon 212
4.7 Halogens 235
4.7.1 Chlorine in the environment 237
4.7.2 Formation of sea salt and HCl degassing 239
4.7.3 Gas-phase chemistry 242
4.7.4 Aqueous and interfacial chemistry 245
4.8 Phosphorous 250
4.9 Metals and metalloids 253
4.9.1 General remarks 253
4.9.2 Alkali and alkaline earth like metals: Na, K, Mg, and Ca 256
4.9.3 Iron: Fe 257
4.9.4 Mercury: Hg 258
Contents — XI
4.9.5 Cadmium: Cd 260
4.9.6 Lead: Pb — 261
4.9.7 Arsenic:As 262
4.9.8 Silicon (Si) and aluminium (AI) 262
5 Chemical processes in the environment — 264
5.1 Chemical evolution 266
5.1.1 Origin of elements and molecules — 267
5.1.2 Formation of the Earth 271
5.1.3 Degassing the Earth and formation of the atmosphere 275
5.1.4 Evolution of life and atmospheric oxygen 282
5.1.5 Volcanism and weathering: Inorganic CO2 cycling 288
5.2 Biogeochemistry and biogeochemical cycling— 291
5.2.1 General remarks 291
5.2.2 Principles of photosynthesis 295
5.2.3 Carbon cycle 299
5.2.4 Nitrogen cycle 303
5.2.5 Sulphur cycle 308
5.3 Atmospheric chemistry and air pollution 311
5.3.1 The ozone problem 314
5.3.2 Atmospheric acidification 327
5.3.3 Atmospheric removal: Deposition processes 334
5.3.4 Radioactivity 338
A List of acronyms and abbreviations in environmental sciences found in the
literature — 342
B Quantities, units and some useful numerical values 346
C List of the elements (alphabetically) 350
Bibliography 353
Author index 358
Subject index 361 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Möller, Detlev 1947- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)12119244X |
| author_facet | Möller, Detlev 1947- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Möller, Detlev 1947- |
| author_variant | d m dm |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV042873450 |
| classification_rvk | VC 5010 VN 9201 WI 2500 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)904163649 (DE-599)DNB1067204350 |
| dewey-full | 540 577.14 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 540 - Chemistry and allied sciences 577 - Ecology |
| dewey-raw | 540 577.14 |
| dewey-search | 540 577.14 |
| dewey-sort | 3540 |
| dewey-tens | 540 - Chemistry and allied sciences 570 - Biology |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Biologie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV042873450 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-09-10T01:53:21Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3110409992 9783110409994 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028302515 |
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| physical | XIV, 379 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSearch | 2015 |
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| publisher | De Gruyter |
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| series2 | De Gruyter graduate |
| spelling | Möller, Detlev 1947- Verfasser (DE-588)12119244X aut Chemistry for environmental scientists Detlev Möller Berlin [u.a.] De Gruyter 2015 XIV, 379 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier De Gruyter graduate Ökologische Chemie (DE-588)4135167-8 gnd rswk-swf Fachhochschul-/Hochschulausbildung Environmental Chemistry, Soil, Water, Air, Atmosphere, Pollution, Environmental processes Ökologische Chemie (DE-588)4135167-8 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-3-11-041933-7 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-3-11-041001-3 X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=5154921&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028302515&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Möller, Detlev 1947- Chemistry for environmental scientists Ökologische Chemie (DE-588)4135167-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4135167-8 |
| title | Chemistry for environmental scientists |
| title_auth | Chemistry for environmental scientists |
| title_exact_search | Chemistry for environmental scientists |
| title_full | Chemistry for environmental scientists Detlev Möller |
| title_fullStr | Chemistry for environmental scientists Detlev Möller |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemistry for environmental scientists Detlev Möller |
| title_short | Chemistry for environmental scientists |
| title_sort | chemistry for environmental scientists |
| topic | Ökologische Chemie (DE-588)4135167-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ökologische Chemie |
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