Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages?: a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Köln
Köppe
2014
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Grammatical analyses of African languages
Band/Volume 46 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | IX, 316 Seiten Karten 24 cm, 640 g |
| ISBN: | 9783896455628 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? |b a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem |c Evelyn Fogwe Chibaka |
| 250 | |a 2. edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Köln |b Köppe |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a IX, 316 Seiten |b Karten |c 24 cm, 640 g | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Grammatical analyses of African languages |v Band/Volume 46 | |
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| 653 | |a Afrikanisten, Linguisten, Dialektologen | ||
| 653 | |a Kamerun | ||
| 653 | |a Grasland-Sprachen | ||
| 653 | |a Dialektologie | ||
| 653 | |a Grammatik | ||
| 653 | |a Klassifikation | ||
| 653 | |a Hsitorische Sprachwissenschaft | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804174997084700672 |
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| adam_text | TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD VI
PREFACE VII
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IX
LIST OF MAPS, CHARTS, DIAGRAMS, FIGURES AND TABLES XVIII
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS XX
CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 RESEARCH PROBLEM 4
1.2 GOAL AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 5
1.3 SCOPE AND RESEARCH QUESTION 6
1.3.1 SCOPE 6
1.3.2 RESEARCH QUESTION AND INDICATIONS 6
1.4 PREVIOUS RESEARCHES (AND LINGUISTIC CLASSIFICATION) 8
1.4.1 LINGUISTIC CLASSIFICATION 12
1.4.2 GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION 15
1.5 THE ETHNO-HISTORY OF THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER PEOPLE 15
1.6 THE ISSUE OF ONOMASTICS OR NAMING OF OBJECTS 24
1.6.1 THE BA- PREFIX IN THE NGEMBA ONOMASTIC 27
1.6.2 LANGUAGE FAMILY AND MUTUAL INTELLIGIBILITY 28
1.7 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY 29
CHAPTER TWO: RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES AND
APPROACHES
USED FOR THIS STUDY
2.0 INTRODUCTION 30
2.1 THE DIALECTOMETRY MODEL/TECHNIQUE 30
2.1.1 DIALECTOMETRIC DATA ELICITATION 32
2.1.2 DIALECTOMETRIC LEXICAL DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE 33
2.1.2.1 GRADING SYSTEM FOR THE LEXICAL SIMILARITY AND DIVERGENCE 34
2.1.3 DIALECTOMETRIC PHONETIC SIMILARITY OR DIFFERENCE DATA ANALYSIS
PROCEDURE 35
2.1.3.1 THE PROCEDURAL PHASES 36
2.1.3.1.1 RANK OF STRICTURE SCALING SCHEME 37
2.2 STRUCTURAL SIMILARITIES OR DIFFERENCES IN PHONOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
(TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH) 40
2.2.1 DEGREE OF PHONETIC DIFFERENCE APPROACH 40
2.2.2 ISOGLOSS APPROACH 40
2.2.3 TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH 41
2.3 RAPID APPRAISAL-RECORDED TEXT TESTING (RA-RTT) METHOD 42
2.3.1 RECORDED TEXT TESTING (RTT) DATA COLLECTION 44
2.3.2 RAPID APPRAISAL-RECORDED TEXT TEST ANALYSIS 44
2.3.2.1 RA-RTT GRADING SCALE 44
2.4 SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEY TECHNIQUE 45
XII
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/106298322X
2.4.1 QUESTIONNAIRE AND INTERVIEW DATA COLLECTION 45
2.4.2 QUESTIONNAIRES ANALYSES METHOD 46
2.5 STANDARD OR REFERENCE VARIETY SELECTION TECHNIQUE 46
2.5.1 FUNDAMENTAL CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF REFERENCE VARIETY 46
2.5.2 SECONDARY CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF REFERENCE VARIETY 47
2.5.3 MARGINAL FACTORS FOR THE SELECTION OF THE STANDARD VARIETY 47
2.6 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 48
CHAPTER THREE: THE PHONOLOGY OF THE MANKON
DIALECT CLUSTER
3.0 INTRODUCTION 49
3.1 THE PHONOLOGY OF THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER 49
3.1.1 CONSONANTS 49
3.1.1.1 THE STATUS OF CONSONANT CLUSTERS IN THIS DIALECT CLUSTER 54
3.1.1.1.1 LABIALISATION AND PALATALISATION 54
3.1.1.1.2 HOMORGANIC NASAL ASSIMILATION 58
3.1.2 VOWELS OF THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER 60
3.1.2.1 DISTRIBUTION AND EVIDENCE OF COMBINING PHONETIC VARIANTS 60
3.1.3 THE SYLLABLE AND MORPHEME STRUCTURE 63
3.1.4 THE TONEMES 64
3.2 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 65
CHAPTER FOUR: LEXICAL AND PHONOLOGICAL DIALECTOMETRIC
ANALYSES OF THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER
4.0 INTRODUCTION 66
4.1 LEXICAL DIALECTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER 67
4.1.1 LEXICAL COMPARISON 67
4.1.2 LEXICAL DIVERGENCE STATISTICAL QUANTIFICATION 71
4.1.3 LEXICAL DIALECTOMETRIC ANALYSIS 71
4.1.4 PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF LEXICAL PROXIMITY RESULTS 73
4.1.4.1 LEXICAL PROXIMITY MATRIX PRESENTATION FORMAT 73
4.1.4.1.1 INTERPRETATION OF THE LEXICAL MATRICES RESULTS 75
4.1.4.2 LEXICAL PROXIMITY CARTOGRAM 76
4.1.4.2.1 INTEIPRETATION OF LEXICAL CARTOGRAPH RESULTS 78
4.1.4.3 LEXICAL GROUP-BAR GRAPH FOR THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER 80
4.1.4.3.1 INTERPRETATION OF THE LEXICAL PROXIMITY GROUP-BAR GRAPH
RESULTS 81
4.2 PHONOLOGICAL DIALECTOMETRIC PROCEDURES ( DEGREE OF PHONETIC
SIMILARITY OR DIFFERENCE
MEASUREMENT ) 82
4.2.1 PHONOLOGICAL (DIALECTOMETRY) COMPARISON OF DATA 82
4.2.2 PHONOLOGICAL DIFFERENCE DEGREE COMPUTATION 85
4.2.3 PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF PHONOLOGICAL DIFFERENCE RESULTS
88
4.2.3.1 PHONOLOGICAL DIFFERENCE MATRIX 88
4.2.3.2 INTERPRETATION OF PHONOLOGICAL MATRIX RESULTS 88
XIII
4.3. THE TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH TO COMPARE PHONOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP 89
4.3.1 COMPARISON OF PHONETIC SYSTEMS 89
4.3.1.1 CONSONANT SOUND SYSTEMS 89
4.3.1.2 VOWEL SOUND SYSTEMS 90
4.3.1.2.1 COMPARISON OF THE DISTRIBUTION POSITIONS WITHIN A WORD IN
THE CLUSTER 90
4.3.1.2.2 THE ENVIRONMENT OF DISTRIBUTION OF THE DIVERGENT VOWEL
PHONEMES 91
4.3.1.2.2.1 THE SOUND /O/ AND H/ 91
4.3.1.2.3 TYPOLOGICAL VOWEL FEATURE COMPARISON 91
4.3.2 TONE SYSTEMS COMPARISON 93
4.3.3 SYLLABLE STRUCTURE COMPARISON 94
4.3.4 COMPARISON OF THE NOUN CLASS SYSTEMS 94
4.4 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 95
CHAPTER FIVE: LEXICAL DIALECTOMETRY OF THE TWO AKUMS
IN CAMEROON
5.0 INTRODUCTION 96
5.1 CURRENT CLASSIFICATION OF THE TWO AKUM SPEECH FORMS 96
5.1.1 ALCUM [AKUM] (BAGANGU) 96
5.1.2 AKUM [AKIIM] (AOKUEM OR OKUM) 97
5.2 LEXICAL DIALECTOMETRY OF THE TWO AKUMS 97
5.3 ONOMASTIC PROBLEM? 98
5.4 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 99
CHAPTER SIX: INTELLIGIBILITY SURVEY FOR THE MANKON
DIALECT CLUSTER
6.0 INTRODUCTION 101
6.1 TEXT ELICITATION 101
6.2 COLLECTING AND STRUCTURING OF THE TEXTS 103
6.2.1 THE TEXT TRANSLATION PROCESS 103
6.3 SCREENING AND SELECTION OF THE SUBJECTS OR CANDIDATES 104
6.3.1 SCREENING PHASE 104
6.4 SUBJECT PROFILES 104
6.5 ADMINISTERING THE TESTS 104
6.6 INTELLIGIBILITY TEST RESULTS 105
6.7 SUBJECT PROFILES OF RTT BEST AND WORST PERFORMERS 106
6.8 PRESENTATION OF THE RTT RESULTS 111
6.9 INTERPRETATION OF THE RTT RESULTS 111
6.10 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 112
CHAPTER SEVEN: SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEY OF THE MANKON
DIALECT CLUSTER
7.0 INTRODUCTION 114
XIV
7.1 GROUP QUESTIONNAIRE 114
7.2 INDIVIDUAL QUESTIONNAIRE AND UNSTRUCTURED/NON-DIRECTED INTERVIEW 114
7.3 DISCUSSION OF RESPONSES 115
7.3.1 LEVEL OF INTERCOMPREHENSION AND MULTILINGUALISM 116
7.3.2 LANGUAGE VITALITY AND VIABILITY 120
7.3.2.1 MIGRATION AND INTERMARRIAGE 120
7.3.2.2 FOREIGNERS 121
7.3.3 LANGUAGE USE 122
7.3.4 LANGUAGE SHIFT INDICATORS 124
7.3.5 STANDARDISATION EFFORTS 124
7.3.6 LANGUAGE ATTITUDES 125
7.3.7 WATTERS S THREE SOCIOLINGUISTIC FACTORS 127
7.3.7.1 HOMOGENEITY OF THE LINGUISTIC COMMUNITY 127
7.3.7.2 POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS CHANGE 127
7.3.7.3 PRESENCE OF LEADERSHIP BETWEEN 35 AND 59 YEARS OLD AT THE LOCAL
LEVEL 128
7.3.8 SUMMARY OF RESPONSES FROM THE GROUP QUESTIONNAIRES 128
7.4 DISCUSSION OF INDIVIDUAL QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSES 129
7.4.1 INTERCOMPREHENSION, MULTILINGUALISM AND LANGUAGE USE 129
7.4.2 ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE LANGUAGE 133
7.5 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 135
CHAPTER EIGHT: CHOSING A STANDARD VARIETY FOR THE
MANKON SPEECH COMMUNITY
8.0 INTRODUCTION 136
8.1 EXPLANATION OF TERMINOLOGIES 137
8.1.1 REFERENCE OR STANDARD VARIETY 13 7
8.1.2 DIALECTAL CONFLICT OR ACRIMONY 138
8.1.3 DIALECTAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION 138
8.2 THE CHOICE OF A REFERENCE VARIETY FOR THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER 138
8.2.1 ASSESSMENT OF THE DIALECTS FOR THE CHOICE OF A REFERENCE VARIETY
140
8.2.1.1 CONTEXTUAL INFERENCE OF THE RESULTS 141
8.2.1.1.1 PRIMARY/FUNDAMENTAL CRITERIA 141
8.2.1.1.2 SECONDARY CRITERIA 143
8.2.2 THE REFERENCE VARIETY CHOICE AS DETERMINED BY THE EVALUATION 145
8.3 DIALECTAL CONFLICT DIAGNOSIS 146
8.3.1 EXTERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE AKUM S ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE
PROPOSED
REFERENCE VARIETY 147
8.3.1.1 POORLY DEFINED ETHNIC TIES (ETHNICITY POLITICS) 147
8.3.1.2 THE QUEST FOR SOCIO-POLITICAL IDENTITY 148
8.3.2 INTERNAL FACTOR INFLUENCING THE AKUM S ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE
PROPOSED
REFERENCE VARIETY 148
8.3.2.1 THE BOMA S FRACTION SESSION ATTEMPT 148
8.4 DIALECTAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION 149
XV
8.4.1 OPTION I: MANKON SHOULD BE DEVELOPED AS THE REFERENCE VARIETY FOR
THE ENTIRE CLUSTER 150
8.4.1.1 STRUCTURAL CONCEPTUALIZATION OF CHANGING THE NEGATIVE ATTITUDE
151
8.4.2 OPTION II: DEVELOPMENT OF ALL THE VARIETIES BUT FOCUS ON MANKON AS
REFERENCE THAT WILL INTEGRATE THE OTHER DIALECTS AS VARIANTS 154
8.5 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 155
CHAPTER NINE: EMPOWERMENT OF THE REFERENCE OR STANDARD
VARIETY (NKON) FOR THE CLUSTER
9.0 INTRODUCTION 157
9.1 LINGUISTIC MEASURES OF LANGUAGE EMPOWERMENT 159
9.1.1 PROVISION OF APPROPRIATE ORTHOGRAPHY 160
9.1.1.1 TESTINGTHE ORTHOGRAPHY 160
9.1.2 PROVISION OF A FUNCTIONAL AND ACCEPTABLE WRITING SYSTEM 160
9.1.2.1 DEVELOPING WRITTEN LITERATURE 160
9.1.3 AN EXTENSIVE DOCUMENTATION 161
9.1.3.1 FOCAL POINTS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION 162
9.2 HUMAN MEASURES OF LANGUAGE EMPOWERMENT 163
9.2.1 PROVISION OF A FUNCTIONAL AND PRACTICAL LITERACY PROGRAMME 163
9.2.1.1 THE SUCCESS STORY OF MOTHER TONGUE LITERACY PROGRAMME IN
CAMEROON 163
9.2.1.2 THE CASE OF THE NKON MOTHER TONGUE LITERACY PROGRAMME 164
9.2.2 INSTITUTING POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE LANGUAGE 167
9.2.2.1 THE ATTITUDE OF THE NATIVE SPEAKERS OR USERS TOWARDS THEIR
LANGUAGE 168
9.2.2.2 THE ATTITUDE OF THE GOVERNMENT TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF
THE LANGUAGE 171
9.2.2.3 THE ATTITUDE OF THE SOCIETY TOWARDS THE LANGUAGE 174
9.2.2.3.1 THE ROLE OF MOTHER INSTRUCTORS IN EMPOWERING THE LANGUAGE 174
9.2.2.3.2 EMPOWERMENT OF THE MOTHER TONGUE BY NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATIONS (NGOS) AND PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS 175
9.3 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 177
CHAPTER TEN: GENERAL CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
10.0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 178
10.1 HOW RELATED ARE THE SPEECH VARIETIES IN THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER?
179
10.2 THE ROLE OF ETHNO-HISTORICAL AND SOCIO-POLITICAL ISSUES IN SHAPING
THE LANGUAGE POLICY FOR THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER 181
10.3 THE WAY FORWARD 182
10.4 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 183
10.4.1 RECOMMENDATIONS 183
REFERENCES 185
XVI
APPENDICES
APPENDIX I: A TABULAR LAID-OUT TRANSCRIBED WORDLIST FOR ALL THE DIALECTS
OF
THE MANKON CLUSTER 195
APPENDIX II: TABLE OF SIGNIFICANCE FOR 200-WORDLIST 205
APPENDIX III: LEXICAL DIALECTOMETRY DATA COMPARISON FOR THE MANKON
DIALECT CLUSTER 207
APPENDIX IV: EQUIVALENT VECTOR CHART FOR THE MANKON DIALECT CLUSTER 233
APPENDIX V: PHONOLOGICAL DIALECTOMETRY DATA COMPARISON FOR THE MANKON
DIALECT CLUSTER 234
APPENDIX VI: LEXICAL DIALECTOMETRY DATA FOR AKUM (BAGANGU)
AND AKUM (UPKWACK-AKUM OR AOKUEM) 251
APPENDIX VII: LEXICAL DIALECTOMETRY COMPARISON OF THE TWO AKUMS IN
CAMEROON 262
APPENDIX VIII: TABLE OF SIGNIFICANCE FOR 100-WORDLIST 264
APPENDIX IX: RAPID APPRAISAL (RA) SURVEY 266
APPENDIX X: RECORDED TEXT TESTING (RTT) PROCEDURE 267
APPENDIX XI: REFERENCE TEXTS 1 AND 2 269
APPENDIX XII: SUBJECT PROFILES 272
APPENDIX XIII: RECORDED TEXT TEST (RTT) SCORING SHEETS 275
APPENDIX XIV: GROUP SOCIOLINGUISTIC QUESTIONNAIRE 282
APPENDIX XV: INDIVIDUAL SOCIOLINGUISTIC QUESTIONNAIRE 286
XVII
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Fogwe Chibaka, Evelyn |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1159181861 |
| author_facet | Fogwe Chibaka, Evelyn |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Fogwe Chibaka, Evelyn |
| author_variant | c e f ce cef |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV042771971 |
| classification_rvk | EP 13210 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)959838070 (DE-599)DNB106298322X |
| dewey-full | 496.36 |
| dewey-hundreds | 400 - Language |
| dewey-ones | 496 - African languages |
| dewey-raw | 496.36 |
| dewey-search | 496.36 |
| dewey-sort | 3496.36 |
| dewey-tens | 490 - Other languages |
| discipline | Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen Literaturwissenschaft |
| edition | 2. edition |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV042771971 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:09:16Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783896455628 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028202256 |
| oclc_num | 959838070 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-11 |
| physical | IX, 316 Seiten Karten 24 cm, 640 g |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Köppe |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Grammatical analyses of African languages |
| series2 | Grammatical analyses of African languages |
| spelling | Fogwe Chibaka, Evelyn Verfasser (DE-588)1159181861 aut Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem Evelyn Fogwe Chibaka 2. edition Köln Köppe 2014 IX, 316 Seiten Karten 24 cm, 640 g txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Grammatical analyses of African languages Band/Volume 46 Literaturangaben Sprachvariante (DE-588)4077741-8 gnd rswk-swf Ngemba-Sprache (DE-588)4726739-2 gnd rswk-swf Mundart (DE-588)4040725-1 gnd rswk-swf Fachhochschul-/Hochschulausbildung Afrikanisten, Linguisten, Dialektologen Kamerun Grasland-Sprachen Dialektologie Grammatik Klassifikation Hsitorische Sprachwissenschaft Ngemba-Sprache (DE-588)4726739-2 s Mundart (DE-588)4040725-1 s Sprachvariante (DE-588)4077741-8 s DNB Grammatical analyses of African languages Band/Volume 46 (DE-604)BV004132539 46 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028202256&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Fogwe Chibaka, Evelyn Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem Grammatical analyses of African languages Sprachvariante (DE-588)4077741-8 gnd Ngemba-Sprache (DE-588)4726739-2 gnd Mundart (DE-588)4040725-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4077741-8 (DE-588)4726739-2 (DE-588)4040725-1 |
| title | Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem |
| title_auth | Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem |
| title_exact_search | Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem |
| title_full | Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem Evelyn Fogwe Chibaka |
| title_fullStr | Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem Evelyn Fogwe Chibaka |
| title_full_unstemmed | Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem Evelyn Fogwe Chibaka |
| title_short | Akum, Ala'atening and Mankon: dialects or languages? |
| title_sort | akum ala atening and mankon dialects or languages a scientific contribution to the language dialect problem |
| title_sub | a scientific contribution to the language-dialect problem |
| topic | Sprachvariante (DE-588)4077741-8 gnd Ngemba-Sprache (DE-588)4726739-2 gnd Mundart (DE-588)4040725-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sprachvariante Ngemba-Sprache Mundart |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028202256&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV004132539 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fogwechibakaevelyn akumalaateningandmankondialectsorlanguagesascientificcontributiontothelanguagedialectproblem |