Positive psychology: the science of happiness and flourishing
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
[Belmont, Calif. u.a.]
Wadsworth Cengage Learning
2013
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed., students ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke. - Revised ed. of: Introduction to positive psychology, published in 2005 Includes bibliographical references (p. 297-359) and indexes |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 381 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9781111834128 1111834121 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION xiv
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xvi
ABOUT THE AUTHORS xvii
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Positive Psychology 1
Welcome to Positive Psychology 1
The Dimensions of Positive Psychology 2
The Scope of Positive Psychology 2
Basic Themes of Positive Psychology 3
The Good Life 3
Positive Emotions Are Important 3
People Can Flourish and Thrive 5
Compassion and Empathy Are Important 6
People Need Positive Social Relationships 7
Strengths and Virtues Are Important 7
Independence of Positive and Negative Emotions 8
Negative Emotions Are Still Important 8
The Science of Well-Being 9
A Short History of Well-Being in the Western World 9
Hedonism 10
The Early Hebrews 10
The Greeks 10
Early Christianity and the Middle Ages 13
The Renaissance to the Age of Enlightenment 15
Romanticism and the Nineteenth Century 16
The Twentieth Century 17
Lessons on Well-Being from History 19
Positive Psychology Today 20
Summary 21
V
VI
CONTENTS
Chapter 2 Foundations: Emotion, Motivation, and the
Nature of Well-Being 23
The Basic Emotions 23
The Components of Emotion 25
The Biology of Emotions 25
Cognition: How We Think Impacts How We Feel 28
Behavior: How We Act Influences How We Feel 28
Social and Cultural Influences on Emotions 31
Moods and Well-Being 32
Positive Psychology and Motivation 33
Early Theories of Motivation 33
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation 33
Motivation and the Pursuit of Goals 34
Well-Being and Positive Emotion 37
The Broaden-and֊Build Model 37
Emotional Intelligence 40
Definitions of Happiness and Well-Being 42
One-Dimensional Theones 42
Multidimensional Theones 44
Summary 48
Chapter 3 Subjective Well-Being 51
The Measurement of Subjective Well-Being 51
Self Report Measures of Subjective Well-Being 52
The Stability of Subjective Well-Being 53
Why Is Happiness Important? 53
Top-Down and Bottom-Up Theories 54
Top-Down Predictors of Subjective Well-Being 55
Cognition: Is the Glass Half Full or Half Empty? 55
Positive Relationships with Other People 60
Personality Traits 60
Bottom-Up Predictors of Subjective Well-Being 62
Money, Income, and Wealth 62
Gender: Are Men or Women Happier? 65
Age: Is One Age Group Happier than Another? 66
Race, Education, Climate, and Politics 67
Bottom-Up Predictors and the “Happiest Man in America” 68
CONTENTS
vil
Cautionary Tales: The Down Side of Feeling Up 69
Increasing Happiness and Life Satisfaction 69
Intensity and Frequency of Positive Emotion 70
Strategies for Creating a Good Mood 71
Fordyce s Happiness Training Program 7t
Sustainable Happiness 72
Barbara Fredrickson s Positivity 73
Hope Training 73
Comparing Interventions: Which Ones Work Better? 73
Maintaining Happiness 74
General Comments on Increasing Happiness 74
Summary 76
Chapter 4 Leisure, Flow, Mindfulness and Peak
Performance 79
Leisure 79
Leisure and Well-Being 79
What Turns an Activity into uLeisuren? 81
Flow and Optimal Experience 82
Definition of Flow 82
Characteristics of Flow 83
Contexts and Situations of Flow 85
Unique Qualities of Flow 86
Flow and Subjective Well-Being 86
Absorption and Curiosity 88
Comments on the Theory of Flow 89
Mindfulness 90
Ellen Lunger s Approach to Mindjulness 90
The Buddhist Approach to Mindjulness 91
Comparison Between Ellen Langer s and Buddhist Styles of
Mindjulness 93
Savoring 94
Peak Performance 94
Peak Performance in Sports 96
Comments on Flow, Mindfulness, Savoring, and Peak
Performance 97
Summary 98
viii
CONTENTS
Chapter 5 Love and Well-Being 101
Genes, Hormones, and Marriage 101
Evolution and Love. 101
The Biochemistry of Love 102
Marriage and Well-Being 102
The Varieties of Love 104
A Two-Factor Theory of Love 104
The Love Styles 104
Sternberg s Love Triangle 105
Love as a Prototype or an Ideal 106
The Love Hierarchy 106
Finding Romance and Love 107
What Attracts Us to Someone? 107
Relationship Satisfaction: Why Do Canng Relationships Make Us
Feel Good? 108
Personality Traits 108
Communication 109
Relationship Stability: What Makes It Last? Ill
What Does the Research Say about Stability? 112
Minding Relationships 112
Knowing and Being Known 113
Attributions 113
Acceptance and Respect 115
Reciprocity 115
Continuity 116
Positive Families 117
What Makes a Flourishing Family? 118
The Family Life Cycle 120
Social and Cultural Influences 121
What Hurts Relationships? 122
Conflict 122
The Demand-Withdraw Pattern and Stonewalling 123
How to Nurture Positive Relationships that Last 123
Summary 124
Chapter 6 Positive Health 127
Wellness 127
Positive Health 128
Vitality and Positive Health 128
CONTENTS
IX
Exercise and Positive Health 128
Vagal Tone and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) 129
Health Psychology and PNI 129
Psychological Factors Important to Health 130
Positive Emotionality 130
Social Support 131
Love and Positive Health 134
Humor and Positive Health 136
Music and Health 131
Emotional Expression and Health 137
Cognition and Thinking: Optimism, Hope and Control 140
Hardiness and Mindfulness Meditation 142
Hardiness 143
Mindfulness Meditation 143
Positive Aging 145
Zestful Old Age 145
Longevity 145
Positive Coping 147
A Definition of Positive Coping 147
The Importance of Daily Hassles 147
Dimensions of Positive Coping 148
Coping Styles 148
Comments on Positive Coping and Health 149
Summary 149
Chapter 7 Excellence, Aesthetics, Creativity, and
Genius 153
The Pursuit of Excellence 153
The Foundations of Excellence 153
The Development of Excellence 154
Resonance 156
Passion 157
Grit 157
Aesthetics and the Good Life 158
Why Is the Aesthetic Sense Important? 159
Four Attributes of the Aesthetic Experience 159
Music and the Brain 161
Art, Music, and Dance Therapy 161
X
CONTENTS
Finding Beauty Outside the Arts 162
Origins of the Aesthetic Sense 163
Can Tragedy and Sadness Be Beautiful? 163
Creativity 164
What is Creativity? 164
”Little cn and ”Big C Creativity 164
Research Perspectives on Creativity 164
How to Enhance the Potential for Creativity 170
Genius 172
Genius and ”Madness 172
Summary 173
Chapter 8 Well-Being Across the Lifespan 177
Well-Being Over the Lifespan 178
Stage Models and Well-Being 178
Lifespan and Life-Course Models and Well-Being 180
Different Paths to Maturity: Individual. Differences in Lifespan
Development 185
Narrative Approaches to the Lifespan: Telling Stories to Make Sense
of Our Lives 187
Adjusting to Difficult Life Events 189
Resilience: In Children 190
Resilience in Adulthood 192
Healthy and Adaptive Defense Mechanisms 196
Summary 197
Chapter 9 Optimal Well-Being 199
What Wisdom Did King Solomon Have? 200
Preliminary Wisdom About Wisdom 200
Wisdom and Well-Being 201
Wisdom as a Stage of Life 201
Wisdom as Post-Formal Cognitive Development 202
Wisdom as a Form of Excellence 202
A Balance Theory of Wisdom 203
Wisdom as the ”Master Virtue 205
How to Cultivate Wisdom 205
Early Psychodynamic Ideas of Optimal Personality 206
Alfred Adler 206
Carl G. Jung 206
Erich Fromm 207
Existentialism and Authenticity 209
Kollo May 210
Viktor Frank! 210
Authenticity: Finding One’s True Self 211
Humanistic Perspectives 214
Carl Rogers and the Fully Functioning Person 214
Abraham Masloui and Self-Actualization 215
Julius Seeman and Personality Integration 221
Personal Growth Initiative 222
Personal Growth and Fluman Potential 222
The Optimal Personality; Common Themes 223
Marie Jahoda and Positive Mental Health 223
Personality Traits Important for Optimal Well-Being 224
Your Own Inner Hero 225
Summary՜ 226
Chapter 10 Religion, Spirituality, and Well-Being 229
Religion and Subjective Well-Being 229
Religion and Health 230
Prayer and Well-Being 231
Why is Religion Related to Well-Being? 233
A Sense of Meaning and Purpose in Life 234
Ways to Create Meaning 234
The Sacred Emotions 236
Gratitude and Appreciation 236
Forgiveness 238
Compassion and Empathy 239
Humility 240
Religious Experiences 241
Elation and Awe 241
Wonder 242
Peak Experiences 244
Numinous Experiences 245
Conversion 245
XII
CONTENTS
Contemplative Spirituality 246
Transpersonal Psychology 246
Mysticism 247
Contemplative Religious Traditions 248
Monastic Christianity 248
Kabbalah 248
Buddhism 249
Mindjulness Meditation 250
Mysticism and the Brain 251
Neurotheology 253
An Unusual Route to Transcendent Experiences 254
Entheogens and Religious Experiences 254
Psychological Theories of Religious Maturity 255
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Religiousness 255
Stages of Religious Cognition 255
Psychodynamic Perspectives on Religion 256
Perspectives on Morality and Ethics 256
Summary 257
Chapter 11 Positive Institutions and Cultural
Well-Being 259
Employee Engagement and job Satisfaction 259
A Definition of Employee Engagement 259
What Promotes Employee Engagement? 260
A Strength-Based Approach to Engagement 263
Employee Engagement: A Positive Work Environment 264
Leadership 265
Conclusions about Employee Engagement 266
Careers That Use Positive Psychology 267
Positive Psychotherapy 261
Positive Psychology in Schools 269
Positive Communities 270
Social Well-Being 270
Flourishing Communities 270
Social Contagion: The Power of Social Networks 271
Community Psychology 212
Volunteerism 213
CONTENTS
XIII
Cross-Cultural Subjective Well-Being 273
Why Do Cultures Differ in Subjective Well-Being? 215
Comments on Culture and Well-Being 219
Summary 280
Chapter 12 A Look Toward the Future of Positive
Psychology 283
How Do We Recognize a Life Well-Lived? 284
Positive Psychology Needs Both Positive and Negative
Emotions 285
Theories That Integrate Positive and Negative Emotion 286
Alternatives to Happiness 287
Meaning in Life 281
Purpose in Life 288
New Research Methods 288
Systems Theory 289
Integrate Positive Psychology with General Psychology 291
The Question of Values 291
Cross-Cultural Considerations 292
Cross-Cultural Well-Being 292
Post-Modern Considerations 293
Toward the Future with Optimism 295
Summary 295
REFERENCES 297
NAME INDEX 361
SUBJECT INDEX 375
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| spelling | Compton, William C. Verfasser aut Positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing William C. Compton ; Edward Hoffman 2. ed., students ed. [Belmont, Calif. u.a.] Wadsworth Cengage Learning 2013 XVIII, 381 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke. - Revised ed. of: Introduction to positive psychology, published in 2005 Includes bibliographical references (p. 297-359) and indexes Positive psychology Positive Psychologie (DE-588)7529822-3 gnd rswk-swf Positive Psychologie (DE-588)7529822-3 s DE-604 Hoffman, Edward 1951- Sonstige (DE-588)115562605 oth Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028177861&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Compton, William C. Positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing Positive psychology Positive Psychologie (DE-588)7529822-3 gnd |
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| title | Positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing |
| title_auth | Positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing |
| title_exact_search | Positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing |
| title_full | Positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing William C. Compton ; Edward Hoffman |
| title_fullStr | Positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing William C. Compton ; Edward Hoffman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing William C. Compton ; Edward Hoffman |
| title_short | Positive psychology |
| title_sort | positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing |
| title_sub | the science of happiness and flourishing |
| topic | Positive psychology Positive Psychologie (DE-588)7529822-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Positive psychology Positive Psychologie |
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