Metaethics: a contemporary introduction
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY [u.a.]
Routledge
2015
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Routledge contemporary introductions to philosophy
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 310 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780415894418 9780415894425 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Contents
Acknowledgments xiii
1 A Brief Introduction I
1.1. What Metaethics Is I
1.2. The Plan of Approach to the Topic „ 3
1.3. Charting the Territory 4
1.4. Why Do Metaethics? 5
1.5. Some Cautions and Encouragement 7
2 A Subject Matter for Ethics? 9
2.1. A Simple Minimally Realist View 10
2.2. Disagreement According to Minimal Realism 17
2.3. Disruptive Disagreement and Disruptive Doubt 18
2.4. Mackie’s Argument From Disagreement 19
2.5. The Open Question Argument 23
2.6. Speaker Relativism 31
2.7. Hare-Style Translation Arguments 31
2.8. Concluding Summary 33
Questions 34
Reading 35
3 Moral Epistemology and the Empirical Underdetermination
of Ethical Theory 37
3.1. Empirical Underdetermination 37
3.2. Coherence as the Ultimate Criterion? 40
3.3. Reductive Naturalism 43
3.4. Supervenience 44
3.5. Intuitionism 46
3.6. Does Evolution Undermine Intuitive Knowledge? 48
3.7. Skepticism About the Synthetic A Priori 49
3.8. Inference to the Best Explanation 50
Questions 52
Reading 53
x Contents
4 The Practicality of Morality and the Humean
Conception of Reason and Motivation 54
4.1. Varieties of Internalism 55
4.2. Motivating Some Important Varieties of Internalism 59
4.3. Internalism Is In Tension With Other Plausible
Claims About Morality 70
Questions 73
Reading 73
5 Error Theory 75
5.1. Arguments for Error Theory 76
5.2. Error Theory and “Nonnegotiable” Commitments 85
5.3. A Worry About Charity and Some Replies 87
5.4. Epistemology and Reference 90
5.5. Error Theorists Owe Us a Theory of Error 92
5.6. Some Bookkeeping Matters: Error, Truth,
Falsity, and Truth-Aptness 94
5.7. Summary and a Moral 96
Questions 96
Reading 97
6 Simple Subjectivism 99
6.1. What Simple Subjectivism Has Going for It 101
6.2. The Costs of die Simple Subjectivist View 105
6.3. Taking Stock III
Questions I 14
Reading I 15
7 The Cognitivist Heirs of Simple Subjectivism:
Ideal Observers and Ideal Agents I 16
7.1. Enlarging the Relevant Group of Subjects
Whose Attitudes Matter I 17
7.2. The Strategy of Idealization I 19
7.3. Response Dispositional Theories and the Color Analogy 127
7.4. Relativist Versus Absolutist Ideal Observer Theories I 34
7.5. Which Attitudes? 136
7.6. Ideal Agent Theories 136
7.7. Recap 138
Questions 138
Reading 139
8 Noncognitivist Heirs of Simple Subjectivism 141
8.1. Two Negative Claims 141
8.2. Noncognitivism as Heir to Subjectivism 143
Contents xi
8.3. Moral Disagreement 146
8.4. Systematically Extending the Basic Account
(the Frege-Geach Problem) 147
8.5. Noncognitivism and the Open Question Argument 157
8.6. Naturalism 158
8.7. Morals/Motives Judgement Internalism as
Motivating Noncognitivism 159
8.8. Agent Internalism, Quasi-realism, and Reprehensible
Judgements 161
8.9. Responding to the Modal Objection to Subjectivism 166
8.10. Moral Epistemology 167
8.11. A Brief Look Back 172
Questions 174
Reading 174
9 Fictionalism 176
9.1. Hermeneutic Fictionalism and Error Theory 177
9.2. Why Accept Hermeneutic Fictionalism? 178
9.3. Turning the Abstract Strategy Into a Flesh
and Bones Model 181
9.4. Revolutionary Moral Fictionalism 190
9.5. Objections to Moral Fictionalism 194
9.6. Summary 198
Questions 199
Reading 199
10 Externalist Backlash 201
10.1. Philippa Foot’s Challenges to Noncognitivism
and Internalism 202
10.2. The Paradox of Analysis and the Open
Question Argument 205
10.3. David Brink’s Externalist Arguments 206
Questions 208
Reading 209
11 Scientific Naturalism I: Cornell Realism 210
I LI. Cornell Realism 211
I 1.2. Cornell Realism and Causal Moral Semantics 212
I 1.3. Realist Moral Epistemology and Causal Efficacy 226
I 1.4. Cornell Realism and Morals/Motives Morals/
Reasons External ism 229
11.5. The Moral Twin-Earth Objection 232
Questions 235
Reading 235
Contents
xii
12 Scientific Naturalism il: Moral Functionalism
and Network Analyses 237
12.1. Unobvious Analyticity 237
12.2. Defining Theoretical Terms via a Network Analysis 238
12.3. Internalism and Network Analyses 243
12.4. From the Rightness Realizing Role to Metaethical
Naturalism 244
12.5. The Permutation Problem 246
12.6. Moral Twin-Earth and Network Analyses 247
12.7. Stepping Back a Bit 249
Questions 252
Reading 252
13 Nonnaturalism and Antireductionism 253
13.1. The just Too Different Motivation 254
13.2. A Pessimistic Induction? 262
13.3. A General Worry About Nonnaturalist Explanation 262
13.4. Explaining Supervenience 264
13.5. Moral Epistemology, Reliability, and the
Because Desideratum 271
13.6. Internalism 274
13.7. Nonnaturalism, Antireductionism, and Quietism? 275
Questions 276
Reading 276
14 Odds, Ends, and Morals 279
14.1. From Metaethics to Metanormativity 279
14.2. Supernaturalism 281
14.3. Constructivism and Contractualism 286
14.4. Rationalism and Reasons 290
14.5. Conclusion 291
Reading 291
Glossary 293
Bibliography 297
Index 305
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| spelling | Van Roojen, Mark Steven Verfasser (DE-588)1074706757 aut Metaethics a contemporary introduction Mark van Roojen 1. publ. New York, NY [u.a.] Routledge 2015 XIV, 310 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Routledge contemporary introductions to philosophy Metaethik (DE-588)4169556-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Metaethik (DE-588)4169556-2 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-315-69705-5 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028109583&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028109583&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
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