An introduction to modern cosmology:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chichester, West Sussex
Wiley
2015
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| Ausgabe: | 3. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 182 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781118502099 9781118502143 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: An introduction to modern cosmology
Autor: Liddle, Andrew R
Jahr: 2015
Contents
Preface xi
Constants, conversion factors and symbols xiv
1 A (Very) Brief History of Cosmological Ideas 1
2 Observational Overview 3
2.1 In visible light................................................................3
2.2 In other wavebands..........................................................6
2.3 Homogeneity and isotropy..................................................10
2.4 The expansion of the Universe..............................................10
2.5 Particles in the Universe ....................................................13
2.5.1 What particles are there?............................................13
2.5.2 Thermal distributions and the black-body spectrum................15
3 Newtonian Gravity 21
3.1 The Friedmann equation....................................................22
3.2 On the meaning of the expansion............................................25
3.3 Things that go faster than light..............................................25
3.4 The fluid equation............................................................26
3.5 The acceleration equation....................................................27
3.6 On mass, energy and vanishing factors of c2................................28
4 The Geometry of the Universe 29
4.1 Flat geometry................................................................29
4.2 Spherical geometry..........................................................30
4.3 Hyperbolic geometry........................................................32
4.4 Infinite and observable universes............................................33
4.5 Where did the Big Bang happen?............................................33
4.6 Three values of k............................................................34
5 Simple Cosmological Models 37
5.1 Hubble slaw ................................................................37
5.2 Expansion and redshift......................................................38
5.3 Solving the equations........................................................39
5.3.1 Matter................................................................40
5.3.2 Radiation............................................................41
5.3.3 Mixtures ............................................................42
5.4 Particle number densities....................................................43
5.5 Evolution including curvature ..............................................44
6 Observational Parameters 49
6.1 The expansion rate Ho......................................................49
6.2 The density parameter o....................................................51
6.3 The deceleration parameter qo ..............................................52
7 The Cosmological Constant 55
7.1 Introducing A................................................................55
7.2 Fluid description of A........................................................56
7.3 Cosmological models with A................................................57
8 The Age of the Universe 61
9 The Density of the Universe and Dark Matter 67
9.1 Weighing the Universe......................................................67
9.1.1 Counting stars ......................................................67
9.1.2 Nucleosynthesis foreshadowed......................................68
9.1.3 Galaxy rotation curves..............................................68
9.1.4 Galaxy cluster composition..........................................70
9.1.5 The formation of structure..........................................71
9.1.6 The geometry of the Universe and the brightness of supemovae . 72
9.1.7 Overview............................................................72
9.2 What might the dark matter be?..............................................73
9.2.1 Fundamental particles ..............................................73
9.2.2 Compact objects....................................................74
9.3 Dark matter searches........................................................74
10 The Cosmic Microwave Background 77
10.1 Properties of the microwave background....................................77
10.2 The photon to baryon ratio..................................................79
10.3 The origin of the microwave background....................................80
10.4 The origin of the microwave background (advanced) ......................83
11 The Early Universe 87
12 Nucleosynthesis: The Origin of the Light Elements 93
12.1 Hydrogen and helium........................................................93
12.2 Comparing with observations................................................96
12.3 Contrasting decoupling and nucleosynthesis................................98
13 The Inflationary Universe 101
13.1 Problems with the Hot Big Bang............................................101
13.1.1 The flatness problem................................................101
13.1.2 The horizon problem................................................103
13.1.3 Relic particle abundances ..........................................104
13.2 Inflationary expansion........................................................105
13.3 Solving the Big Bang problems..............................................106
13.3.1 The flatness problem................................................106
13.3.2 The horizon problem................................................107
13.3.3 Relic particle abundances ..........................................108
13.4 How much inflation?........................................................108
13.5 Inflation and particle physics................................................109
14 The Initial Singularity 113
15 Overview: The Standard Cosmological Model 117
Advanced Topic 1 General Relativistic Cosmology 121
1.1 The metric of space-time....................................................121
1.2 The Einstein equations......................................................122
1.3 Aside: Topology of the Universe............................................124
Advanced Topic 2 Classic Cosmology: Distances and Luminosities 127
2.1 Light propagation and redshift..............................................127
2.2 The observable Universe....................................................130
2.3 Luminosity distance..........................................................130
2.4 Angular diameter distance ..................................................134
2.5 Source counts................................................................136
Advanced Topic 3 Neutrino Cosmology 139
3.1 The massless case............................................................139
3.2 Massive neutrinos............................................................141
3.2.1 Light neutrinos......................................................141
3.2.2 Heavy neutrinos ....................................................142
3.3 Neutrinos and structure formation..........................................142
Advanced Topic 4 Baryogenesis 145
Advanced Topic 5 Structures in the Universe 149
5.1 The observed structures......................................................149
5.2 Gravitational instability......................................................151
5.3 The clustering of galaxies....................................................152
5.4 Cosmic microwave background anisotropics................................154
5.4.1 Statistical description of anisotropics ..............................154
5.4.2 Computing the Q ..................................................156
5.4.3 Microwave background observations................................156
5.4.4 Spatial geometry....................................................158
5.5 The origin of structure ......................................................159
Advanced Topic 6 Constraining cosmological models 163
6.1 Cosmological models and parameters ......................................163
6.2 Key cosmological observations..............................................164
6.3 Cosmological data analysis..................................................164
6.4 The Standard Cosmological Model: 2014 edition..........................166
6.5 The future....................................................................168
Bibliography 171
Numerical Answers and Hints to Problems 173
Index 177
|
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| discipline | Physik |
| edition | 3. ed. |
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| spelling | Liddle, Andrew R. 1965- Verfasser (DE-588)136952208 aut An introduction to modern cosmology Andrew Liddle 3. ed. Chichester, West Sussex Wiley 2015 XV, 182 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Astrophysics Cosmology Physics Kosmologie (DE-588)4114294-9 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Kosmologie (DE-588)4114294-9 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe An Introduction to Modern Cosmology HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028108193&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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