Povijest Bjelovara: od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Croatian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Zagreb
Hrvatska Akademija Znanosti i Umjetnosti - HAZU
2013
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Posebna izdanja Zavoda za Znanstvenoistraživački i Umjetnički Rad u Bjelovaru / Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti
3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Abstract Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Literaturverz. S. 465 - 485 |
| Beschreibung: | 502 S. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9789531541831 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Povijest Bjelovara |b od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata |c Hrvoje Petrić ; Željko Holjevac ; Željko Karaula |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | POVIJEST BJELOVARA Od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata
SUMMARY
_ —
I^he Bjelovar area has been inhabited since prehistoric times. People had
֊ lived there during the Starčevo culture (ca 5000 - ca 4300 B.C.); particular-
ly important was the Korenovo culture (ca 4700/4600 - ca 4200/4100 B.C.), which
had developed from the late-Starčevo substrate. The name of this culture derives
from the locality Malo Korenovo near the today s Bjelovar. The area had further
been inhabited during the Sopot culture (ca 4200 - ca 3500 B.C.); the Lasinja culture
(ca 3200 - ca 2700 B.C.); the Vučedol culture (ca 2400 ֊ 1900 B.C.); the Retz-Gajary
culture (ca 2700 - ca 2400 B.C.); and the culture of urn fields, the probable holders
of which were the Pannonians. The Pannonian tribes called Jasi or Jazi were evident-
ly the ones having lived in the wider Bilogora area in the times between the Copper
Age and the Iron Age. The today s Bjelovar area had been inhabited in the Early Iron
Age (ca 750 - ca 300 B.C.) as well. At the beginning of the 3rd ct. B.C., the invading
Celts caused significant changes; their influence is best shown in wrought iron arti-
cles. The fact that this region had come under the power of the Romans did not
mean that the native Pannonian (and the Celtic) population had disappeared. This
population continued to inhabit the territory of the later Roman province Pannónia;
they held on to some specific features of their material and spiritual culture, i.e. they
did not entirely surrender to Romanisation. In the territory of the today s Bjelovar,
numerous finds dating from the Antiquity witness to human presence. Many peo-
ples crossed the Pannonian territory, probably even the today s Bjelovar area, in the
times toward the end of the Roman Empire. The first early-Mediaeval settlements
were established following the settling of Croats and other Slavic groups, who ֊
together with the underdeveloped native population and possibly some other non-
Slavic peoples - formed the majority of the population in that area.
It is presumed that as early as in the Early Middle Ages, there existed a tribal
district named Komarnica, which spread between the rivers Česma/Čazma and
Drava. It is supposed that the Česma district separated from it; the latter covered the
area bordered by the Česma (Čazma) river in the south; the Česmica brook (today
Bjelovacka) in the west; and the Bedenik and Ribnjak brooks in the east. Around the
year 1350, as a result of the reorganisation of districts, the large Križevci County was
formed, which - among other districts - included the Komarnica and Česma dis-
tricts as well.
446
After the Christianity put down roots in the area, a net of Catholic parishes was
established that were interconnected in the part of the archdeaconate called Donja
Komarnica. In the narrow area around the today s Bjelovar, the existence of around
ten parishes maybe confirmed: Slobočina (Sobočina), Korenovo, Jakovljeve Sredice,
Plavnice (St. Benedict), Klokočevac, Gudovac, Verbova, Othna, Donja Česmica,
Miletinac, etc. An interesting fact is that two thirds of the new parishes had been
established on higher terrains of Bilogora, while one third had been established on
lower terrains, along the Ciglenska brook. The intention was to increase the number
of inhabitants in the area located to the north and the east of the today s Bjelovar. As
higher terrains of Bilogora are concerned, the population growth probably exercised
an impact on the environment (forest clearance).
The today s Bjelovar territory represented the crossing of the roads from the
directions of Križevci, Koprivnica, Čazma and Rača. This crossroads was evidently
the most densely inhabited area, and probably the most concentrated one economy-
wise. Near the crossroads, the central settlement - Sredice (later Jakovljeve Sredice)
- was formed; however, it did not develop further to become a town (market town).
The first town (market town) in the area of the today s Bjelovar was Sobočina
(Zobothchyna); it was first mentioned as such in a document dated 11 May 1487. It
may have been located in the area today recognised as the south-eastern part of
Bjelovar (in the vicinity of Mlinovac), i.e. along the Sloboština brook, probably
between Brezovac and Novoseljani. In 1518, the nearby Gudovec was also men-
tioned as market town. It was estimated that in the early 16th century, in the area
today covering the closest surroundings of Bjelovar, lived approximately 650 fami-
lies, i.e. around 4,000 inhabitants.
In the second half of the 15th century, the Ottoman ravages were intensified;
therefore, a need for building forts emerged. A fort was mentioned to have existed
in Gudovec in 1495; this fort was built for the purpose of protecting the local popu-
lation from the Ottoman invasions, and it was destroyed in the fights against the
Ottomans most probably around 1552. Subsequently, this area had for the following
five decades remained depopulated, until toward the end of the 16th and at the
beginning of the 17th century, new population settled there - initially the Orthodox
Vlachs and the Catholic Predavci, and in the later decades, runaway serfs from the
west, and other immigrants. They were in the position (status) of borderers or fron-
tiersmen (yeomen and soldiers); they were obliged to build guardhouses and forts,
which would serve as shelters in case of the Ottoman attacks. Among the forts built
by them in the early 17th century, there was the fort of Bjelovar, which was men-
tioned in 1626 as the place of shelter for three dukedoms with their mercenaries.
According to censuses from the period 1630-1678, there were 78 outlaws (footpads)
or one fifth of all outlaws in the Križevci military district situated in Bjelovar. It
needs pointing out that in no other fort within this military district existed a larger
concentration of outlaws. The Bjelovar fort was last mentioned in 1692; it was sub-
sequently deserted and destroyed.
Cartographic sources registering Bjelovar probably indicate to its existence dur-
ing the first half of the 18th century as well. Even if there had been any discontinuity
following the time the fort was destroyed, there still is solid evidence as to the exis-
ts
Gi
-
s
s
D
447
POVIJEST BJELOVARA Od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata
tence of a settlement named Bjelovar in 1753. This means that even prior to the
establishment of the today s city of Bjelovar in 1756, which was initially supposed to
be named Novi Varaždin (N.B. the local population did not accept this name), on
the same location, there had existed a village named Belovar, after which the today s
city of Bjelovar was later named.
In 1756, by the decree issued by Empress Maria Theresa, new Bjelovar was
founded as military town on a bought empty terrain in the vicinity of the old
Bjelovar settlement (minor fort) near the Bjelovacka brook. The headquarters of the
Križevci and the Đurđevac regiments were moved to the town; subsequently, the
first military hospital and the first primary school were opened. Major-general
Wenzel Matthias Hnogek Kleefeld, deputy commander of the Varaždin Generalate,
moved to Bjelovar from Koprivnica in 1765. A year later, the town was divided in
half into two parts: the north-eastern part of the town was assigned to the Đurđevac
regiment, whilst the south-western part was assigned to the Križevci regiment. At
the beginning of 1771, the formal word from Vienna was passed to the High
Command of the Varaždin Generalate in Bjelovar that Empress Maria Theresa had
accepted and confirmed the proposed Bjelovar military municipality norm. In 1772,
the monarch granted Bjelovar the title to hold fairs and to build the parish church of
St. Teresa of Avila in late-Baroque style.
During his visit to Bjelovar in 1775, Emperor Joseph II spent two days in the
town and watched the military exercises of the Križevci and the Đurđevac regiments.
After the crafts school was formed as the first trade school, primary school for girls
was opened, while on the parade square (later the town park), in 1777 and 1778,
four Baroque statues were erected: the statue of St. Teresa of Avila, the statue of St.
George, the statue of St. John Nepomuk, and the statue of St. Helene. In 1783, the
High Command of the Varaždin Generalate moved from Bjelovar to Zagreb, while
in 1785, the military authority established a silk spinning mill that soon developed
into a large manufacture of silk products; it was located in the only three-storey
building in Bjelovar in those times. In 1788, Bjelovar pharmacist and mayor Josip
Blivajs founded two trusts: the first for ensuring dowry for daughters from poor
families; the second for offering support to young beginner-craftsmen. In 1794, by
The Regulations for Military Municipalities Bjelovar and Ivanić, the practice of intro-
ducing direct nomination for mayor (elected among military or civic circles) by the
military authority instead of holding free elections was legalised. In 1802, Bjelovar
had 804, and in 1869, as many as 2,151 inhabitants. The Catholic population pre-
vailed. There were few Orthodox inhabitants, while other religions were barely pres-
ent.
Hietzinger mentioned that in 1823, in Bjelovar existed a secondary school for
boys and a secondary school for girls of two Varaždin regiments, a municipal school
and a mathematical school, as the crafts school was called after 1817; in this school,
swimming and fencing were taught. Soon after, the Czech immigrants established a
millers suburb Mlinovac in Bjelovar; after the defensive wall was demolished, the
town spread outside its old core. In 1831, the new town hall was erected in Bjelovar,
whilst officers reading-room was established in the following year. Though more
448
people were dying than being bom in Bjelovar, the town population increased due
to immigration. The erection of the new hospital building started in 1844. In May
1848, Želje občine bélovarske (The Requests of the Bjelovar Municipality) in 34 points
were composed; whilst at the beginning of 1849, a theatre performing in German
visited Bjelovar.
The majority of the Bjelovar population were craftsmen. The parish priest
Matija Thonhauser wrote in 1850 that there are rather many blacksmiths, cart-
wrights, woodworkers, joiners, potters, shoemakers and other craftsmen in this Parish.
In 1858, a general-program school was opened in Bjelovar. In the early 1860s, Ignaz
Wimmer and Paulina Vajgl founded trusts for offering support to the town s poor,
and in 1862, the new Fair-related Regulations were signed. In 1864, at the First
Dalmatian-Croatian-Slavonian Economic Exhibition held in Zagreb, 100 exhibitors
from the Varaždin Generalate took part, whilst the Exhibition Organisation
Committee led by Franjo Mihanović, lieutenant colonel of the Đurđevac regiment,
operated in Bjelovar. Emperor Franz Josef I visited Bjelovar in 1869 and decided
upon its separation from the Military Frontier. After the abolishment of the Križevci
and the Đurđevac regiments, the Bjelovar County was officially established; in 1871,
by the decree signed by Emperor Franz Josef I, Bjelovar was proclaimed a city and
united with the civil Croatia.
After the demilitarisation in 1871, Bjelovar became a part of the civil Croatia.
Consequently, features of the city changed, and it became the centre of the Bjelovar
County (in 1886 of the Bjelovar-Križevci County), whereby the strengthening of
administrative institutions of the civil society exercised a positive impact on the
city s economic functions. The savings bank of Bjelovar was opened in 1872. In the
same year, Ivan Trnski, prefect of the newly established county, decided that in the
Bjelovar general-program school, classes were to be taught in Croatian instead of in
German (as the case had been earlier). In the period between 1871 and 1881, the
mayor of Bjelovar was Juraj Čuvaj, former officer, who was succeeded by Andrija
Radanović. Later, until the beginning of World War One, former officer Sima
Blaževac held the post of the mayor of Bjelovar. Though all the mayors were
Unionists, they showed loyalty to their city by endeavouring to contribute as much
as possible to the benefit of Bjelovar. The city soon became the strongest administra-
tive and educational centre in the region, which fact attracted capital. As soon as in
1899, there were 196 craftsmen and 56 stores in Bjelovar.
The county became more and more industrialised despite the unfavourable
political situation and the absence of support from the state. In 1899, there were 61
steam boilers (out of which 51 in the industry) in the county. In the city, there were
county offices, and the offices of the Đurđevac and the Križevci property municipal-
ities; furthermore, Bjelovar had a well-developed schooling system, judiciary and
army, all of which significantly influence the society. In 1894, a railway line was
introduced, so that Bjelovar was no longer isolated traffic-wise. It became the junc-
tion for railway lines Križevci-Bjelovar and Bjelovar-Virovitica. All that facilitated
the trade and traffic of diverse goods. Political parties life developed as well: until
1918, particularly strong in Bjelovar was the Croatian-Serbian coalition led by Milan
449
POVIJEST BJELOVARA Od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata
Rojc, attorney-at-law. Out of the total of 7,231 inhabitants Bjelovar numbered in
1910, almost one third (29.33 percent, i.e. 2,121 inhabitants) lived of crafts and
industry; 10.30 percent lived of trade and banking; 13.43 percent (971 persons)
worked as civil servants; whilst 13.87 percent (1,003 persons) were employed as mil-
itary servants.
World War One, despite shortages and the standstill in the economy, did not
prevent Bjelovar from further economic development. From the earliest years of the
existence of the new state - the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / the
Kingdom of Yugoslavia - until the 1920s, the city of Bjelovar had experienced devel-
opment; in the latter years, economic crisis occurred. Until the new reorganisation
of the state took place in the period 1922-1924, the city of Bjelovar managed to
retain its position as the administrative centre of the Bjelovar-Krizevci County.
Following the abolition of the counties, Bjelovar lost all its county-level authorities,
and was degraded to the level of town and district. All that contributed to the impov-
erishment of Bjelovar, as officials left the city taking away their families; many
tradesmen and craftsmen left as well. Until 1925, the Croatian Union dominated the
political scene in the city, whilst the Croatian Peasants Party led by the people s trib-
une Dr. Ivsa Lebovic was dominant in the villages of the Bjelovar area. Later, and in
particular after the introduction of the dictatorship of the 6th of January and the
Yugoslav Unitarianism, the Yugoslav regime enabled its followers to take over the
power in the city by having undertaken diverse administrative measures. In the
1930s, the economic situation in the city and its surroundings was rather
unfavourable, though the trade business managed to persist. At around the same
time, after the dictatorship attenuated in 1935, the peasants movement of the
Croatian Peasants Party developed; in this context, Gospodarska sloga (Economic
Unison) played a significant role in Bjelovar.
It was only soon before the outburst of World War Two - in 1939 - that the
Croatian Peasants Party rose to power in the city; it was toppled two years later by
the Ustasha Revolution assisted by the German occupying forces. During the
Independent State of Croatia, Bjelovar was the seat of the Great District of Bilogora.
In the beginning, the Ustasha terrorism provoked opposition from the Serbian pop-
ulation and the Communists; later on, the Croatian masses joined. The Partisan
opposition and the national liberation movement intensified in the Bjelovar area,
whilst the Ustasha power diminished. During the war, the population suffered major
losses, many people emigrated, and a significant food shortage was present. With the
collapse of the Nazi Germany in 1945, the Independent State of Croatia disappeared
too; the Communists, who at first exercised revolutionary justice, overtook the
power.
In the socialist Yugoslavia, despite it started off on the wrong foot, the
Communist Party of Yugoslavia (or rather, the Communist Party of Croatia) inten-
sified the industrialisation and the development of the city. New factories started
operating in Bjelovar, which thereby became the industrial centre of the region. The
City Museum was opened in 1949, as well as the theatre. Bjelovar became the centre
first of the Bjelovar District, and subsequently also of the Regional Association of
Municipalities that encompassed the following municipalities: Bjelovar, Gazma,
450
Grubišno Polje, Daruvar, Koprivnica, Križevci, Virovitica and Pakrac. Many indus-
trial plants were built: food industry (Koestlin; 5. may, Sirela; etc.); forest and timber
industry (forest management Mojica Birta; wood and timber industry Česma); and
engineering industry (Tomo Vinkovic; TAD, Tehnika). In the season 1971/72, the
handball club Partizan won the European championship. In 1971, the city had a
population of 20,998 inhabitants, the majority of whom were employed in industry.
The Communist Government was in power until 1990, when suddenly, the
Communist system collapsed, and Yugoslavia together with it. The first multi-party
elections were held, and the Croatian Democratic Union won not only in Bjelovar,
but also in Croatia as a whole. Strained international relations and the intensified
Greater Serbian movement, which spread to the part of the Croatian territory that
Serbia considered a part of Greater Serbia resulted in the Croatian-Serbian war. In
Bjelovar, on 29 September 1991, the Croatian forces conquered the barracks of the
Yugoslav National Army, which took the side of Serbia and the Greater Serbian
movement. The 105th Bjelovar Brigade fought the war in the western Slavonian and
the eastern Slavonian battlefields. As a result of the entirely new circumstances of
capitalism and abrupt privatisation, many firms in Bjelovar had to close down; the
effect was a significantly increased unemployment rate. Nevertheless, other, minor
plants started operating. In 1995, following the end of the Homeland War, possibil-
ities of European integrations opened both for the city of Bjelovar and for Croatia as
a whole. A new civic and civil society was formed.
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451
SADRŽAJ
PREDGOVOR......................................................................11
RIJEČ GRADONAČELNIKA...........................................................15
I. BJELOVARSKO PODRUČJE DO OSNIVANJA BJELOVARA 1756. GODINE
(dr. sc. Hrvoje Petrić)
NAJSTARIJI PODACI 0 NASELJAVANJU OKO DANAŠNJEG BJELOVARA......................17
SREDNJOVJEKOVNE PROMJENE.......................................................26
Politički i upravni ustroj u srednjem vijeku...............................26
Srednjovjekovne katoličke župe.............................................29
O gospodarstvu, srednjovjekovnim posjedima i naseljenosti..................31
Srednjovjekovna gradska naselja............................................38
Jesu li postojala naselja Belo var i Beloblatje (Beloblače) oko
današnjega grada Bjelovara u srednjem vijeku?..........................40
0 KULTURI I ZNAMENITIM OSOBAMA S PROSTORA OKO
DANAŠNJEG BJELOVARA U DOBA HUMANIZMA......................................42
O podrijetlu Jana Panonca (Januša Pannoniusa, Ivana Česmičkog)
i njegovoj braći iz Donje Česmice.......................................42
Petar Gudovečki............................................................49
„Krhotine“ o povijesti obrazovanja.........................................51
BJELOVARSKI KRAJ U RANOME NOVOM VIJEKU.........................................54
O osmanskim pustošenjima na današnjem prostoru Bjelovara...................54
Belovar (Wellowar) u 17. stoljeću..........................................61
O BJELOVARU I VARAŽDINSKOM GENERALATU DO 1756. GODINE.......................101 II.
II. VOJNI GRAD BJELOVAR U RAZDOBLJU 1756. - 1871.
(dr. sc. Željko Holjevac)
POLITIČKI I UPRAVNI RAZVOJ................................................... 143
Stožerno mjesto i vojni komunitet u drugoj polovici 18. stoljeća..........143
Vojni komunitet i stožerno mjesto u prvoj polovici 19. stoljeća ..........160
VOJNO STANOVNIŠTVO I KOMUNITETSKO DRUŠTVO.....................................180
Stanovništvo i demografske promjene.......................................180
Društveni odnosi, socijalna pitanja i imovinske prilike...................192
GOSPODARSTVO U VOJNOM BJELOVARU....................................................208
Poljoprivreda u gradskoj okolici...............................................208
Obrt i trgovina................................................................213
Bjelovarsko svilarstvo.........................................................217
Ostale djelatnosti, financijsko poslovanje i sajmovi...........................221
Promet i komunikacije, poštanska afera početkom 1860-ih godina.....................228
CRKVA, ŠKOLSTVO, ŽIVOT I KULTURA...................................................230
Vjerske zajednice i dušobrižništvo.............................................230
Školstvo i pismenost...........................................................237
Bilješke o zdravstvu, kulturnom stvaralaštvu i svakodnevlju........................242
III. POVIJEST BJELOVARA OD 1871. DO KRAJA DOMOVINSKOGA RATA 1995. GODINE
(Željko Karaula, prof.)
RAZVOJAČENJE VARAŽDINSKE KRAJINE, POLITIČKI I DRUŠTVENI RAZVOJ
GRADA U PRVOM DESETLJEĆU NAKON RAZVOJAČENJA....................................247
Razvojačenje Varaždinskoga generalata i stvaranje građanske uprave (1871. - 1872.).247
Bjelovar za vrijeme načelnika Jurja Čuvaja (1871. ֊ 1881.).........................250
Društveni razvoj u prvom desetljeću nakon razvojačenja (1871. ֊ 1881.).............252
POLITIČKI ŽIVOT BJELOVARA (1881.- 1913.) ..........................................254
Popis stanovništva grada Bjelovara 1880. godine................................254
Gradski načelnik Andrija Radanović i razvoj Bjelovara (1881. - 1888.)..............255
Bjelovar za vrijeme velikog župana Budislava pl. Budisavljevića Priedorskog (1884. - 1889.) ...257
Bjelovarska afera 1888. godine ................................................260
Blaževčevo doba (1889. - 1913.)................................................261
ŽIDOVSKA ZAJEDNICA U BJELOVARU (1871. - 1941.) ........................................274
BJELOVAR ZA VRIJEME PRVOGA SVJETSKOG RATA (1914. - 1918.)..............................277
POLITIČKA I DRUŠTVENA SITUACIJA U GRADU DO
ŠESTOSIJEČANJSKE DIKTATURE (1918. - 1929.).....................................280
Bjelovar u Kraljevini Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca.....................................280
Gradski načelnik Ladislav pl. Labaš (1920. - 1925.) ...............................286
Razdoblje vladavine gradskih povjerenika (1925. - 1928.)...........................289
Komunistička partija u Bjelovaru.............................................. 290
POLITIČKA SITUACIJA U GRADU OD ŠESTOSIJEČANJSKE DIKTATURE
DO POČETKA DRUGOGA SVJETSKOG RATA (1929. ֊ 1941.)..................................293
Gradski načelnik Dražen Kvaternik (1932. - 1935.)..................................295
Hrvatska seljačka stranka pod udarom šestosiječanjskog režima......................297
Ustaško-nacionalistički pokret u Bjelovaru (1931. - 1941.).........................299
Politička situacija u Bjelovaru nakon 1935. godine.................................301
Hrvatski seljački pokret u Bjelovaru poslije 1935. godine..........................302
Gradonačelnik Nikola Šiprak (1936. ֊ 1938.) i razvoj grada do 1941. godine ........303
Bjelovar u Banovini Hrvatskoj (1939. - 1941.)......................................308
BJELOVAR ZA VRIJEME NEZAVISNE DRŽAVE HRVATSKE (1941. - 1945.)
I DRUGOGA SVJETSKOG RATA...........................................................311
Bjelovarski ustanak (7. ֊ 10. travnja 1941.) i ustroj nove ustaške vlasti .........311
Zločin u Gudovcu - prvi ustaški masakr u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj...............313
Progoni Srba i komunista u Bjelovaru...............................................315
Upravno i vojno ustrojstvo vlasti Nezavisne Države Hrvatske u Bjelovaru............317
Progon i likvidacija bjelovarskih Židova...........................................318
Stanje u gradu tijekom rata i opskrba grada........................................320
Društveni život u Bjelovaru za vrijeme rata........................................323
Bjelovarska Hrvatska seljačka stranka između ustaškog i partizanskog pokreta.......325
Razvoj Narodnooslobodilačkog pokreta u Bjelovaru i bjelovarskom kraju..............325
Kraj rata 1945. godine.............................................................329
USPOSTAVLJANJE NOVE VLASTI I GRAD BJELOVAR
U NOVOJ JUGOSLAVENSKOJ DRŽAVI ..................................................331
Revolucionarni teror 1945. godine u Bjelovaru i bjelovarskom kraju.................331
OBNOVA I RAZVOJ BJELOVARA (1945. ֊ 1990.) .............................................334
Konfiskacija i nacionalizacija..................................................334
Razdoblje centralnoadministrativne uprave (1945. ֊ 1952.) .........................335
Komunalno-gospodarska i društvena zbivanja (1945. ֊ 1980.).........................337
Bjelovar u administrativno-teritorijalnoj podjeli: Narodna Republika Hrvatska/
Socijalistička Republika Hrvatska/Republika Hrvatska........................340
STVARANJE I DJELOVANJE KOMUNISTIČKE VLASTI POSLIJE 1945. GODINE........................341
HRVATSKO PROLJEĆE I NJEGOV SLOM U BJELOVARU (1970. - 1972.)............................344
VAŽNIJA ZBIVANJA U GRADU I OPĆINI BJELOVAR OD 1974. GODINE.............................348
STANOVNIŠTVO BJELOVARSKO-BILOGORSKE ŽUPANIJE
I GRADA BJELOVARA (1945. ֊ 1991.)...............................................351
BJELOVAR U RAZDOBLJU STVARANJA SAMOSTALNE REPUBLIKE HRVATSKE
U DOMOVINSKOM RATU (1991. - 1995.) ................................................353
Demokratski izbori u Bjelovaru 1990. godine........................................353
Približavanje rata - Općina Bjelovar 1991. godine..................................356
Sukobi i osvajanje vojarne Jugoslavenske narodne armije Božidar Adžija u Bjelovaru.359
7
Zborno područje Bjelovar i ratni put 105. brigade Zbora narodne garde/
/Hrvatske vojske u Bjelovaru.......................................................365
Angažiranje i borbe 105. brigade u zapadnoj i istočnoj Slavoniji......................365
Političko i društveno stanje u Bjelovaru..............................................368
GOSPODARSKI RAZVOJ BJELOVARA (1871. ֊ 1995.)...............................................371
Gospodarski razvoj Bjelovara (1871. - 1888.) u sastavu građanske Hrvatske ............371
Obrtnička etapa razvoja grada......................................................371
Gospodarstvo Bjelovara od početka vladavine bana Khuena-Hedervaryja
do kraja Prvoga svjetskog rata (1883. ֊ 1918.) ...................................373
Manufakturno-industrijska etapa razvoja................................................377
Gospodarstvo i industrija između dva svjetska rata (1918. - 1941.)....................379
Industrija, trgovina i obrt (1918. - 1930.).......................................379
Zastoj u razvoju bjelovarskoga gospodarstva (1932. - 1941.)...........................383
Poljoprivreda i stočarstvo.............................................................385
Važniji gospodarski subjekti i udruženja u Bjelovaru (1945. - 1990.)..................387
Tvornica strojeva i ljevaonica Tomo Vinković.......................................387
Tvornica automobilskih dijelova (TAD)..............................................389
Poduzeće za proizvodnju, remont i promet Tehnika..................................389
Industrija mliječnih proizvoda Sirela..............................................389
Tvornica keksa i vatla Koestlin....................................................390
5. maj Bjelovar...................................................................391
Drvna industrija Česma.............................................................391
Građevinsko poduzeće Tehnogradnja..................................................392
Ostale tvrtke u Bjelovaru..........................................................392
Županijska komora Bjelovar.........................................................394
Veterinarska stanica Bjelovar......................................................394
Slom socijalističkoga gospodarstva u Bjelovaru krajem 80-ih godina 20. stoljeća.......394
Gospodarstvo Bjelovara u razdoblju tranzicije (1990. ֊ 1995.).........................395
DRUŠTVENI, KULTURNI I SPORTSKI ŽIVOT BJELOVARA (1871. ֊ 1995.)............................397
Hrvatsko pjevačko društvo Dvojnice (1873. - 1941.).....................................397
Hrvatsko streljačko društvo u Bjelovaru (1873. - 1914.)...............................399
Hrvatski sokol u Bjelovaru (1884./1905. - 1941.) .....................................399
Srpski soko u Bjelovaru (1907.) .......................................................402
Dobrovoljno vatrogasno društvo u Bjelovaru (1873. - 1995.)............................403
Hrvatsko obrtno-radničko pjevačko društvo Golub Bjelovar (1887. - 1995.) .............404
Ostala društva u Bjelovaru između dva rata ............................................406
Kulturne i društvene institucije u Bjelovaru do 1995. godine......................406
Od časničkog Casino-verein Belov ar do Narodne knjižnice
Petar Preradović (1832. - 1945.) i ostalih čitaonica u Bjelovaru..........406
Osnivanje i rad Srpske čitaonice (1891. ֊ 1941.) .............................409
Narodno kazalište u Bjelovaru (1945. - 1959.)................................ 409
Gradski muzej Bjelovar........................................................410
Državni arhiv Bjelovar........................................................410
Školstvo u Bjelovaru (1871. ֊ 1945.)..............................................411
Odgoj i obrazovanje poslije Drugoga svjetskog rata (1945. - 1995.)............413
Osnovne škole.................................................................413
Srednje škole.................................................................415
Ostale odgojno-obrazovne i stručne ustanove...................................419
Zdravstvo i ljekarništvo (1871. ֊֊ 1995.).........................................420
Ljekarna K crnom orlu ........................................................423
Ljekarna K anđelu ............................................................423
Vjerski život u Bjelovaru (1872. - 1995.) ........................................424
Izdavaštvo i novinstvo u Bjelovaru (1875. - 1995.)................................427
Sport u Bjelovaru.................................................................433
Nogomet.......................................................................433
Planinarsko društvo Bilogora..................................................434
Rukomet.......................................................................434
Šah ..........................................................................435
Moto-klub Bjelovar............................................................436
Stolni tenis..................................................................437
Bjelovarski plivački klub.....................................................437
Ostali sportovi...............................................................438
SAŽETAK..............................................................................441
SUMMARY..............................................................................446
KRONOLOGIJA..........................................................................453
IZVORI I LITERATURA..................................................................465
KRATICE I NOVČANE JEDINICE...........................................................487
KAZALO IMENA.........................................................................493
O AUTORIMA...........................................................................501
9
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Petrić, Hrvoje 1972- Holjevac, Željko 1973- Zdraveski, Ǵoko 1985- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1072724316 (DE-588)1062923308 (DE-588)1052436048 |
| author_facet | Petrić, Hrvoje 1972- Holjevac, Željko 1973- Zdraveski, Ǵoko 1985- |
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| author_sort | Petrić, Hrvoje 1972- |
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| bvnumber | BV042638592 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)912334745 (DE-599)OBVAC11997256 |
| era | Geschichte 1334-1993 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1334-1993 |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV042638592 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:06:29Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789531541831 |
| language | Croatian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028071021 |
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| series2 | Posebna izdanja Zavoda za Znanstvenoistraživački i Umjetnički Rad u Bjelovaru / Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti |
| spelling | Petrić, Hrvoje 1972- Verfasser (DE-588)1072724316 aut Povijest Bjelovara od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata Hrvoje Petrić ; Željko Holjevac ; Željko Karaula Zagreb Hrvatska Akademija Znanosti i Umjetnosti - HAZU 2013 502 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Posebna izdanja Zavoda za Znanstvenoistraživački i Umjetnički Rad u Bjelovaru / Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti 3 Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Literaturverz. S. 465 - 485 Geschichte 1334-1993 gnd rswk-swf Bjelovar (DE-588)4450137-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4190631-7 Zeittafel gnd-content Bjelovar (DE-588)4450137-7 g Geschichte 1334-1993 z DE-604 Holjevac, Željko 1973- Verfasser (DE-588)1062923308 aut Zdraveski, Ǵoko 1985- Verfasser (DE-588)1052436048 aut Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti Posebna izdanja Zavoda za Znanstvenoistraživački i Umjetnički Rad u Bjelovaru 3 (DE-604)BV041464877 3 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028071021&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028071021&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Petrić, Hrvoje 1972- Holjevac, Željko 1973- Zdraveski, Ǵoko 1985- Povijest Bjelovara od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4450137-7 (DE-588)4190631-7 |
| title | Povijest Bjelovara od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata |
| title_auth | Povijest Bjelovara od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata |
| title_exact_search | Povijest Bjelovara od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata |
| title_full | Povijest Bjelovara od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata Hrvoje Petrić ; Željko Holjevac ; Željko Karaula |
| title_fullStr | Povijest Bjelovara od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata Hrvoje Petrić ; Željko Holjevac ; Željko Karaula |
| title_full_unstemmed | Povijest Bjelovara od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata Hrvoje Petrić ; Željko Holjevac ; Željko Karaula |
| title_short | Povijest Bjelovara |
| title_sort | povijest bjelovara od pocetaka naseljavanja do kraja domovinskoga rata |
| title_sub | od početaka naseljavanja do kraja Domovinskoga rata |
| topic_facet | Bjelovar Zeittafel |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028071021&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028071021&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV041464877 |
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