Climate intervention: reflecting sunlight to cool Earth
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington
National Academies Press
2015
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 244 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780309314824 0309314828 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Summary 1
Carbon Dioxide Removal and Albedo Modification Within a Portfolio of
Climate Responses, 2
Carbon Dioxide Removal Ready for Increased Research and Development, 3
Albedo Modification Presents Poorly Understood Risks, 6
The Need for More Research on Albedo Modification, 9
Governance Considerations, 12
Concluding Thoughts, 13
1 Introduction 15
Decarbonizing the Energy System, 21
Adapting to Climate Change, 25
Carbon Dioxide Removal and Albedo Modification, 27
2 Climate Intervention by Modifying Earth s Albedo 29
Introduction, 29
Some Basic Physics Concerning Climate Intervention by Albedo
Modification, 32
Motivation for Researching Albedo Modification, 36
Comparison of Some Basic Risks Associated with Albedo Modification, 39
Poorly Understood and Regionally Heterogeneous Consequences for the
Climate System, 39
Timescale Mismatch, Risks of Millennial Dependence, and Constraints on
Strategies for Limiting the Duration of Reliance on Albedo
Modification, 43
Overview of the Albedo Modification Assessment, 43
3 Technical Analysis of Possible Albedo Modification Techniques 47
Idealized Simulations of the Effects of Albedo Modification, 47
Solar-Constant Experiments,48
Experiments with a Uniform Increase in Stratospheric Aerosol Optical
Depth, 58
Risks of Dependence on and Abrupt Termination of Albedo
Modification, 59
xiii
CONTENTS
Albedo Modification Strategies, 66
Climate Intervention by Stratospheric Aerosol Albedo Modification (SAAM),66
Basic Physics, Chemistry, and the Life Cycle of Stratospheric Aerosols, 67
Observations and Field Experiments of Relevance to SAAM, 72
Proposed Mechanisms for SAAM, 77
Model Estimates of Aerosol Forcing from SAAM, 79
Modeled Climate System Responses to SAAM, 84
Observational Requirements for SAAM, 90
Environmental Consequences of SAAM, 92
Technical Feasibility of SAAM, 95
Costs, 96 i
Unresolved or Less Tangible Issues for SAAM, 97
Summary and Statement of Research Needs for SAAM, 98
Albedo Modification by Marine Cloud Brightening, 101
Science Underlying the Marine Cloud-Brightening Concept, 102
Observations of Marine Cloud Brightening, 106
Proposed Mechanisms for Marine Cloud Brightening, 110
Challenges in the Implementation of Marine Cloud Brightening, 112
Modeled Climate System Responses to Marine Cloud Brightening, 113
Observational Requirements for Characterizing Marine Cloud
Brightening, 118
Environmental Consequences of Marine Cloud Brightening, 120
Technical Feasibility of Marine Cloud Brightening, 121
Summary and Statement of Research Needs for Marine Cloud
Brightening, 124
Other Methods, 127
Space-Based Methods, 127
Surface Albedo, 128
Cirrus Cloud Modification, 130
Observational Issues for Albedo Modification, 132
Satellite Monitoring of Large-Scale Direct Effects of Albedo Modification, 132
Satellite Monitoring of Large-Scale Indirect Effects of Albedo
Modification, 135
In Situ Process Observations, 137
Detecting a Unilateral and Uncoordinated Deployment, 137
Current Observational Capabilities and Needs for Future Continuity of
Observations, 137
Benefits of Multiple-Use Observational Capability, 139
Summary and Research Needs for Albedo Modification, 139
XIV
Con fen fs
4 Governance of Research and Other Sociopolitical Considerations 149
Governance Considerations for Albedo Modification Research, 149
Previous Discussions of Governance of Albedo Modification Research, 151
Ethical and Sociopolitical Issues, 167
Relevant U.S. Laws and International Treaties, 169
Relevant U.S. Laws, 170
Relevant International Treaties, 171
Intellectual Property and Private-Sector Engagement, 173
Next Steps, 174
5 Way Forward 177
Albedo Modification within a Portfolio of Climate Responses, 178
Albedo Modification Presents Poorly Understood Risks, 182
The Need for More Research on Albedo Modification, 184
Governance Considerations, 189
Concluding Thoughts, 191
References 193
Appendixes
A Statement of Task for the Committee 215
B Committee Biographies 217
C Planned Weather Modification 225
D Volcanic Eruptions as Analogues for Albedo Modification 235
E Discussion of Feasibility of Albedo Modification Technologies 239
F Acronyms and Abbreviations 241
XV
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:05:43Z |
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| isbn | 9780309314824 0309314828 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XV, 244 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2015 |
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| spelling | Climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool Earth National Research Council Washington National Academies Press 2015 XV, 244 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Albedo (DE-588)4141802-5 gnd rswk-swf Geoengineering (DE-588)7714853-8 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 s Geoengineering (DE-588)7714853-8 s Albedo (DE-588)4141802-5 s DE-604 National Research Council (USA) Sonstige (DE-588)2019958-2 oth Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028037401&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool Earth Albedo (DE-588)4141802-5 gnd Geoengineering (DE-588)7714853-8 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4141802-5 (DE-588)7714853-8 (DE-588)4164199-1 |
| title | Climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool Earth |
| title_auth | Climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool Earth |
| title_exact_search | Climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool Earth |
| title_full | Climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool Earth National Research Council |
| title_fullStr | Climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool Earth National Research Council |
| title_full_unstemmed | Climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool Earth National Research Council |
| title_short | Climate intervention |
| title_sort | climate intervention reflecting sunlight to cool earth |
| title_sub | reflecting sunlight to cool Earth |
| topic | Albedo (DE-588)4141802-5 gnd Geoengineering (DE-588)7714853-8 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Albedo Geoengineering Klimaänderung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028037401&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nationalresearchcouncilusa climateinterventionreflectingsunlighttocoolearth |