The American legal system:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Wien
Verlag Österreich
[2015]
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | xiii, 151 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9783704670076 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text |
Contents
Chapter 1
The Constitution . 1
A. Origins of the U.S. Constitution. 1
1.1 The First Constitution. 1
1.2 The Constitution of the United States . 1
1.3 Comparison with the European Union. 2
1.4 The Federalist Papers. 2
1.5 Alexis de Toqueville’s View of U.S. Lawyers. 2
1.6 The Civil War (1861—1865). 3
B. The Three Pillars of American Law. 3
1.7 Introduction. 3
1.8 Federalism. 4
1.9 Separation of Powers (Checks and Balances). 4
1.10 History of Separation of Powers. 5
1.11 The Bill of Rights. 5
C. The United States Government. 5
1.12 Structure of the Government. 5
1.13 Separation of Powers: The Executive Branch. 6
1.14 Separation of Powers: The Legislative Branch . 7
1.15 Separation of Powers: The Judicial Branch. 8
D. State Governments . 8
1.16 Introduction. 8
1.17 The Division of Power between States and the
Federal Government. 8
1.18 Concurrent Jurisdiction of Federal and State Courts. 9
1.19 The Commerce Clause. 9
1.20 The Necessary and Proper Clause. 10
1.21 New States. 11
E. The Odd Clauses of the Constitution. 11
1.22 Introduction. 11
1.23 The Incompatibility Clause. 11
1.24 The Weights and Measures Clause. 12
1.25 The Original Jurisdiction Clause. 12
IX
Contents
1.26 Letters of Marque and Reprisal . 13
1.27 The Title of Nobility Clauses . 14
1.28 The Bill of Attainder and ex post facto Clauses . 15
Chapter 2
Precedent and the Common Law . 17
2.1 Introduction . 17
2.2 Blackstone’s Commentaries. 17
2.3 Stare decisis. 18
2.4 Binding Precedent . 18
2.5 Persuasive Authority. 19
2.6 Cases of “First Impression” . 19
2.7 Precedent in Federal Courts. 19
2.8 Precedents in Real Estate, Torts and Contracts. 20
2.9 How to Find Precedent . 23
2.10 How to be Sure th| Precedent is Good: “Shephardizing a Case”. 23
Chapter 3
American and Civil Law Courts . 25
3.1 Introduction. 25
3.2 Courts of General Jurisdiction . 25
3.3 Judges . 26
3.4 The Adversarial and Inquisitorial System. 28
3.5 Single Event Trials .,. 29
3.6 Plea Bargains. 29
3.7 Bench Trials. 30
3.8 Judges’ Use of Codes and Case Law. 30
3.9 The Trial Transcript . 31
3.10 The Jury’s Use of the Transcript. 32
3.11 Jury Nullification . 32
3.12 The Presumption of Innocence. 33
3.13 Proof “Beyond a Reasonable Doubt” . 33
Chapter 4
Criminal Trials . 35
A. State Crimes and Federal Crimes .֊. 35
4.1 Introduction . 35
4.2 Extradition. 35
4.3 Double Jeopardy. 36
4.4 Preemption. 36
4.5 Constitutional Questions . 36
4.6 The Bill of Rights. 37
B. Pre-trial Hearings . 37
4.7 Introduction . 37
4.8 Arrest . 38
4.9 At the Police Station . 40
X
Contents
4.10 The Initial Hearing . 40
4.11 The Preliminary Hearing. 41
4.12 The Arraignment. 42
4.13 Motion to Suppress Evidence. 43
C. The Trial. 43
4.14 Introduction. 43
4.15 The Jury. 44
4.16 Voir Dire . 44
4.17 The Courtroom. 45
4.18 The Opening Statements . 46
4.19 Bench Trial or Jury Trial . 46
D. Evidence . 47
4.20 Introduction. 47
4.21 Direct Examination and Cross-Examination . 47
4.22 Example of Direct and Cross-Examination . 48
4.23 The Insanity Defense. 51
4.24 Closing Arguments. 51
4.25 The Charge to the Jury. 52
4.26 The Verdict . 52
4.27 Appeals. 53
Chapter 5
Civil Trials. 55
A. Introduction . 55
5.1 Jury . 55
5.2 Fees . 55
5.3 Fee Tables. 56
5.4 Legal Expense Insurance. 56
B. Alternative Dispute Resolution . 56
5.5 Mediation. 56
5.6 Arbitration . 57
5.7 The Federal Arbitration Act. 58
5.8 Consumer Arbitration . 58
C. Pre-trial Procedures. 58
5.9 Introduction. 58
5.10 The Complaint. 59
5.11 The Answer. 60
5.12 Discovery. 60
5.13 Required Disclosures. 61
5.14 Interrogatories . 61
5.15 Oral Depositions. 62
5.16 Documents. 63
5.17 Electronic Discovery . 63
5.18 Motion for Summary Judgment . 63
5.19 Pre-trial Conference. 64
5.20 Settlement . 64
XI
Contents
E. The Trial and Appeal. 64
5.21 In General. 64
5.22 Punitive Damages . 65
5.23 Class Actions . 67
F. Types of Civil Law . 68
5.24 Introduction . 68
5.25 Contracts. 68
5.26 Torts. 71
5.27 Real Property . 72
Chapter 6
From Student to Lawyer. 73
6.1 Introduction. 73
6.2 The Curriculum. 73
6.3 The Harvard System of Law Study. 74
6.4 Examinations. 79
6.5 Graduation.4. 81
6.6 Employment. 81
6.7 Foreign Law Students. 86
Chapter 7
International Law: Public and Private. 89
A. Public International Law. 89
7.1 Introduction . 89
7.2 The U.S. and the International Court of Justice . 89
7.3 Congressional Power . 90
7.4 Presidential Power. 90
7.5 Judicial Power . 90
7.6 State Powers . 91
7.7 Sources of International Law. 91
7.8 International Treaties . 92
7.9 Extraterritoriality of U.S. Law. 92
7.10 Sovereign Immunity. 93
B. International Business Transactions . 94
7.11 Introduction. 94
7.12 Forms of Doing Business . 94
7.13 Agencies. 94
7.14 Distributorships. 95
7.15 Franchises . 95
7.16 Licenses. 96
7.17 Basic Contract Clauses . 96
C. Trade Regulation. 100
7.18 Introduction. 100
7.19 Tariffs. 100
7.20 Nontariff Trade Barriers . 101
7.21 World Trade Organization Disputes . 102
7.22 EU Regulation of U.S. Business. 104
XII
Contents
Appendices . 107
Appendix A
Constitution of the United States . 107
Appendix B
Part 165 - Regulated Navigation Areas and Limited Access Areas. 123
Appendix C
Glossary . 125
Appendix D
The Lashinsky Case. 133
Appendix E
Detailed Student Brief of the Lashinsky Case. 145
Appendix F
Films that Illustrate the American Legal System. 149
Appendix G
Suggestions for Further Reading. 151
XIII |
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| indexdate | 2024-08-03T02:21:46Z |
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| isbn | 9783704670076 |
| language | English |
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| title | The American legal system |
| title_auth | The American legal system |
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| title_full | The American legal system Roger Billings |
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