Green Information Technology: A Sustainable Approach
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Elsevier Morgan Kaufmann
2015
|
Schriftenreihe: | Ill.
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | 348 S. XXV, 321 S. |
ISBN: | 9780128013793 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
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035 | |a (OCoLC)910922797 | ||
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264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam [u.a.] |b Elsevier Morgan Kaufmann |c 2015 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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---|---|
adam_text | Contents
Foreword
........................................................................................................xiii
Preface
............................................................................................................xv
About the Editors
...........................................................................................xvii
Contributor Biographies
....................................................................................xix
Acknowledgments
............................................................................................xxv
SECTION I GREEN IT: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
AND CHALLENGES
Chapter
1:
Green ICT: History, Agenda, and Challenges Ahead.
.............................3
Introduction
...................................................................................................................3
The Second Industrial Revolution
—
The Emergence of Information and
Communication Technologies
......................................................................................4
The Integrated Circuit
(1С)
Revolution
.....................................................................4
New Age of Computer Technology
...........................................................................5
Global Mobile Computing and Its Environmental Impact
........................................6
The Agenda and Challenges Ahead
.............................................................................7
References
.....................................................................................................................9
Chapter
2:
Emerging Technologies and Their Environmental Impact
......................11
Introduction
.................................................................................................................11
Number of Connected Devices
..................................................................................13
Increased Functionality
...............................................................................................15
Increased Number of Separate Functions
..................................................................16
Increased Demand for Speed and Reliability
............................................................17
Obsolescence—The Problem of Backward Compatibility
........................................18
The Other Side of the Balance Sheet—Positive Environmental Impacts or
the Other
90% .........................................................................................................19
Videoconference
as an Alternative to Business Travel
.............................................20
Dematerialization of Product Chain
...........................................................................20
Travel Advice/Road Traffic Control
..........................................................................21
Intelligent Energy Metering
.......................................................................................22
Building Management Systems
..................................................................................23
Contents
Saving
IT Resources—
A Drop in the Ocean?
...........................................................24
Conclusion
..................................................................................................................24
References..!
................................................................................................................25
SECTION II GREEN IT: LAW AND MEASUREMENT
Chapter
3:
Measurements and Sustainability
......................................................29
Introduction
.................................................................................................................29
ICT Technical Measures
............................................................................................32
Introduction
...............................................................................................................32
Service of Data Processing
.......................................................................................33
Service of Data Transport
........................................................................................34
Service of Data Storage
............................................................................................34
Multimedia Service
...................................................................................................34
Conclusion
................................................................................................................35
Ecological Measures and Ethical Consideration
.......................................................35
Introduction
...............................................................................................................35
ICT Impact on Pollution
...........................................................................................36
Resource Efficiency
..................................................................................................40
Main Green Measures of Performances
...................................................................42
Ethics in ICT
............................................................................................................45
Conclusion
................................................................................................................46
Systems Engineering for Designing Sustainable ICT-Based Architectures
..............47
Introduction
...............................................................................................................47
Stakeholder Requirements Definition
......................................................................47
System Requirements Analysis
................................................................................48
System Requirements Validation and Verification
.................................................50
ICT Expertise and Results
........................................................................................50
Traceability Matrix
...................................................................................................52
Ecoefficiency Metrics
...............................................................................................53
Conclusion
..................................................................................................................55
References
...................................................................................................................57
Chapter
4:
The Law of Green IT
.......................................................................61
General Remarks on Law and the Regulation of Environmental Behavior
.............61
Direct and Indirect Governance of Green IT
.......................................................61
Norm Addressees and Efficient Regulation
.............................................................62
The Mechanisms of
EU
and National Law
—
Basics
.................................................64
Primary Law: Principles of Supremacy and Market Freedoms
..............................64
Secondary Law: Directives and Regulations and Direct Effect
..............................65
Comitology and Implementing Measures: Delegated Legislation by the
Commission
..............................................................................................................66
Sustainability in
EU
Law
...........................................................................................67
Article
3
TEU:
Principle of Sustainable Development and Green IT
....................67
vi
Contents
Integrated Product Policy (IPP)
...............................................................................68
Birth of a Law for the Conservation of Natural Resources
.................................68
Specific European Legal Instruments Relevant to Green Computing and
Their Implementation
.................................................................................................69
Public Procurement: Environmental Standards as Criteria for Tenders
.................70
Ecodesign Directive: Regulation of Manufacturing and Encouraging Green
Innovation
.................................................................................................................72
Energy Labeling Directive and Voluntary Ecolabeling
..........................................76
Mandatory Indication of Energy Consumption by Retailers
...................................78
Restriction of the Use of Hazardous Substances and Conservation of Natural
Resources
..................................................................................................................79
Recycling and Disposal
............................................................................................80
Conclusions
.................................................................................................................80
References
...................................................................................................................81
Chapter
5:
Quantitative and Systemic Methods for Modeling Sustainability
...........83
Introduction
.................................................................................................................83
Complexity
..................................................................................................................83
Modeling Approaches
.................................................................................................84
System Dynamics and Control
.................................................................................85
Influence Diagrams and Knowledge Representation
...............................................86
Influence Diagram vs. Decision Tree
......................................................................87
Modeling Approaches and Decision Support Systems
..............................................88
Criticisms
....................................................................................................................89
Conclusions
.................................................................................................................90
References
...................................................................................................................90
SECTION III SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING, CLOUD AND BIG DATA
Chapter
6:
Sustainable Cloud Computing
...........................................................95
Introduction
.................................................................................................................95
Challenges in the Use of Cloud Computing As Green Technology
.........................98
Cloud Computing and Sustainability
.........................................................................99
Sustainable Applications of Cloud Computing
........................................................100
Technologies Associated With Sustainable Cloud Computing
...............................105
Future Prospects of Sustainable Cloud Computing
.................................................105
Reflections on Sustainable Cloud Computing Applications
...................................106
Conclusions
...............................................................................................................107
References
.................................................................................................................107
Chapter
7:
Sustainable Software Design
...........................................................111
Overview and Scope
.................................................................................................111
Evaluating Sustainability Effects
.............................................................................111
Sustainability and the Product Life Cycle
...............................................................112
vn
Contents
Direct
Effects: Sustainability During Use
................................................................114
Runtime Energy Consumption Basics
.....................................................................115
Analyzing the Energy Consumption of an Application
..........................................115
Energy Consumption Reduction Using Physical Properties of Semiconductors....
117
Optimizing the Energy Consumption of an Application: Compiler Techniques....
118
Optimizing the Energy Consumption of an Application: Runtime Approaches
.... 119
Optimizing the Energy Consumption of an Application:
Probabilistic Approaches
..........................................................................................120
Indirect Effects: Sustainability vs. Production
........................................................121
Conclusions and Outlook
.........................................................................................124
References
.................................................................................................................125
Chapter
8:
Achieving the Green Theme Through the Use of Traffic
Characteristics in Data Centers
.......................................................................129
Introduction
...............................................................................................................129
Green IT and the Cloud
..........................................................................................129
Virtualization Behavior
..........................................................................................131
Chapter Coverage
...................................................................................................132
Rationale
...................................................................................................................132
Relationship Between Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Power
....................132
Network Processes and Power
...............................................................................133
Need for Thermal-Aware Virtualization
................................................................133
Understanding Sustainability on the Cloud
.............................................................133
Current State of Affairs
..........................................................................................133
Achieving Sustainability on the Cloud
..................................................................135
Sustainability with VM Management
....................................................................136
Green Cloud as a Network Management Problem
..................................................136
Importance of Virtualization Management
............................................................136
Relationship Between Networking and Power Consumption
...............................137
Need for Traffic Characterization in Virtualized Environments
...........................138
Role of Hypervisors in Traffic Characterization
...................................................139
SNMP
for Green Cloud Traffic Characterization
....................................................139
SNMP
Operation in Context of Green Clouds
......................................................139
Related Work
..........................................................................................................140
A Model for Network Management for Green Cloud
.............................................141
Model Outline
.........................................................................................................141
Gathering and Using Statistics
...............................................................................143
Conclusions and Future Work
..................................................................................146
References
.................................................................................................................147
SECTION IV FUTURE SOLUTIONS
Chapter
9:
Energy Harvesting and the Internet of Things
.................................../57
Energy Harvesting: Intelligence and Efficiency
......................................................151
The IoT, Hyped and Hidden : A Green Technology
................................ * 154
VIII
Contents
Conclusions
...............................................................................................................160
Further Reading
........................................................................................................160
Chapter
10: 3D
Printing and Sustainable Product Development
.........................161
Introduction
...............................................................................................................161
3D
Printing Design Pipeline
...................................................................................162
The Underlying Printing Processes
..........................................................................166
Stereolithography Apparatus
..................................................................................166
Selective Laser Sintering
........................................................................................168
Solid Ground Curing
..............................................................................................168
Laminated Object Manufacturing
..........................................................................170
Fused Deposition Modeling
...................................................................................171
InkJet Technology: Powder-Based Printers
.............................................................172
Hybrid Systems: Integrating
3D
Printing with Subtractive
Machining Technology
.............................................................................................173
Environmental Considerations
.................................................................................175
The Factory
2.0
Philosophy
...................................................................................177
Agile Manufacturing
...............................................................................................178
Recycling
................................................................................................................178
Organic Materials
...................................................................................................179
Factory of the Future: The Next Steps
...................................................................181
Conclusions
...............................................................................................................182
References
.................................................................................................................182
SECTION V CASE STUDIES
Chapter
11:
Automated Demand Response, Smart Grid
Technologies,
and Sustainable Energy Solutions
.....................................................................187
Background
...............................................................................................................188
The Challenge of Maintaining Equilibrium in the UK Electricity System
..........188
The Opportunity
.....................................................................................................194
The Solution
...........................................................................................................194
ADR Value Streams
...............................................................................................195
ADR Solution Platform
............................................................................................197
ADR Solution Overview
........................................................................................197
ADR Solution Description
.....................................................................................198
Summary of ADR Project Goals and ADR Project Phases
..................................200
Designing Reliable Load-Shed Strategies
..............................................................201
Turnkey implementation
........................................................................................202
Solution Elements
...................................................................................................203
Demand Forecasting
...............................................................................................207
DR
Event Optimization
..........................................................................................207
Intuitive Web Interface
...........................................................................................208
Demand Response Automation Server
..................................................................208
DRAS Baselining
....................................................................................................209
ix
Contents
Case Study
1:
Thames Valley Vision Project, United Kingdom
(Auto DR
Element)
..................................................................................................211
Why is ADR Important?
........................................................................................213
How Does ADR Work?
..........................................................................................215
What are the Benefits?
...........................................................................................216
SSEPD TVV Project SDRC Report
.......................................................................216
Early DSR Adopters
...............................................................................................217
Trial of Promotion Success
....................................................................................217
Case Study
2:
US Utility-Driven ADR Programs
...................................................219
CenterPoint Energy, Houston, Texas, United States
.............................................219
Consolidated Edison, New York, United States
....................................................220
CPS Energy, San Antonio, Texas, United States
..................................................221
Chapter
12:
Critical Issues for Data Center Energy Efficiency
............................223
Introduction
...............................................................................................................223
Aim and Objectives
................................................................................................224
Literature Survey
......................................................................................................225
Green 1CT
...............................................................................................................225
Data Centers
.............................................................................................................226
Data Center Efficiency
...........................................................................................226
Data Center Efficiency Measurements and Metrics
..............................................229
Methodology
.............................................................................................................230
Implementation
.......................................................................................................237
Operation of the Experiment
..................................................................................238
Assumptions
............................................................................................................238
Results and Discussion
.............................................................................................238
Results
.....................................................................................................................238
PUE
Analysis
..........................................................................................................238
Effect of Set Point Temperature
............................................................................241
Effect of a Change in the Cooling System
............................................................241
Immediate Impact
...................................................................................................244
Future Impact
..........................................................................................................245
Conclusions
...............................................................................................................246
Implications for the Future
.......................................................................................246
Acknowledgments
....................................................................................................246
References
.................................................................................................................246
Chapter
13:
Communitywide Area Network and Mobile ISP.
..............................249
Introduction
...............................................................................................................249
Context of Application
...........................................................................................249
Prototype Mobile Learning Environment
................................................................250
Architecture of Prototype
.......................................................................................250
General Requirements
............................................................................................251
Infrastructure
...........................................................................................................253
Hardware Stack
.......................................................................................................253
Contents
Software Stack........................................................................................................256
Electrical Topology................................................................................................
257
Prototype
...................................................................................................................260
Prototype Specifications
.........................................................................................260
Configuration
..........................................................................................................260
Langdale Pilot Study
................................................................................................262
Requirements
..........................................................................................................262
Core Equipment
......................................................................................................262
Client Equipment
....................................................................................................263
Measuring Cellular Backhaul Signal Strength
.......................................................263
Measuring WAN Bandwidth/Latency
....................................................................268
WAN Backhaul Conclusion
...................................................................................270
WLAN Planning
.....................................................................................................270
WLAN Propagation Losses
....................................................................................271
Squid Proxy
—
Control Measures
............................................................................271
Squid Proxy
—
Policy
..............................................................................................274
Feedback on the Mobile Learning System
..............................................................274
Feedback (by Module Leader)
...............................................................................274
Feedback (Tutors)
...................................................................................................274
Conclusions
...............................................................................................................275
References
.................................................................................................................276
Chapter
14:
Thin-Client and Energy Efficiency
..................................................279
Introduction
...............................................................................................................279
Aims and Objectives
................................................................................................280
Literature Review
.....................................................................................................281
Green IT
..................................................................................................................281
Comparison of Thick and Thin Client Power Consumption
.................................283
Project Reports on the Performance of Thin-Client Systems
...............................284
Methodology
.............................................................................................................285
Overview
.................................................................................................................285
Variations of Thick and Thin Clients
....................................................................285
Implementation
.......................................................................................................287
Operation of the Experiment
..................................................................................287
Assumptions
............................................................................................................288
Results
.......................................................................................................................288
Immediate Impact
...................................................................................................288
Future Impact
..........................................................................................................290
Conclusions
...............................................................................................................291
Recommendations
.....................................................................................................291
Implications for the future
........................................................................................291
Acknowledgments
....................................................................................................292
Appendix A: User Feedback Comments
..................................................................292
References
.................................................................................................................293
XI
Contents
Chapter
15:
Cloud Computing, Sustainability, and Risk
.....................................295
Introduction
...............................................................................................................295
Cloud Architecture and Risk Preferences
................................................................297
Green Cloud Computing and Risk Management
.....................................................
ЗОЇ
Risk Appetite and Tolerance
....................................................................................302
Risk Target and Optimization Model
......................................................................305
Case Study: Petrogas Jahan Co
................................................................................307
Conclusion
................................................................................................................310
References
.................................................................................................................310
Index
............................................................................................................313
XII
|
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author_GND | (DE-588)107124339X |
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author_role | aut |
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building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV042508263 |
classification_rvk | ST 505 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)910922797 (DE-599)BVBBV042508263 |
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institution | BVB |
isbn | 9780128013793 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027942836 |
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spelling | Dastbaz, Mohammad Verfasser (DE-588)107124339X aut Green Information Technology A Sustainable Approach ed. by Mohammad Dastbaz ... Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier Morgan Kaufmann 2015 348 S. XXV, 321 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ill. Green-IT (DE-588)7717106-8 gnd rswk-swf Green-IT (DE-588)7717106-8 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027942836&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Dastbaz, Mohammad Green Information Technology A Sustainable Approach Green-IT (DE-588)7717106-8 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)7717106-8 |
title | Green Information Technology A Sustainable Approach |
title_auth | Green Information Technology A Sustainable Approach |
title_exact_search | Green Information Technology A Sustainable Approach |
title_full | Green Information Technology A Sustainable Approach ed. by Mohammad Dastbaz ... |
title_fullStr | Green Information Technology A Sustainable Approach ed. by Mohammad Dastbaz ... |
title_full_unstemmed | Green Information Technology A Sustainable Approach ed. by Mohammad Dastbaz ... |
title_short | Green Information Technology |
title_sort | green information technology a sustainable approach |
title_sub | A Sustainable Approach |
topic | Green-IT (DE-588)7717106-8 gnd |
topic_facet | Green-IT |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027942836&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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