Magnetic fields in diffuse media:
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Heidelberg ; New York, NY ; Dordrecht ; London ; Berlin
Springer
2015
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| Schriftenreihe: | Astrophysics and space science library
407 |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 623 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3662446243 9783662446249 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Magnetic fields in diffuse media |c Alexander Lazarian ; Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino ; Claudio Melioli, ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Heidelberg ; New York, NY ; Dordrecht ; London ; Berlin |b Springer |c 2015 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 623 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Astrophysics and space science library |v 407 | |
| 500 | |a Literaturangaben | ||
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Interstellare Materie |0 (DE-588)4162140-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Magnetfeld |0 (DE-588)4074450-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 653 | |a Research | ||
| 653 | |a astrophysical magnetic fields | ||
| 653 | |a astrophysical diffuse media | ||
| 653 | |a observation of astrophysical magnetic fields | ||
| 653 | |a origin of cosmic magnetic fields | ||
| 653 | |a magnetic turbulence | ||
| 653 | |a interstellar medium properties | ||
| 653 | |a star formation processes | ||
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Interstellare Materie |0 (DE-588)4162140-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Magnetfeld |0 (DE-588)4074450-4 |D s |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Lazarian, Alexander |4 edt | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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CONTENTS
PART I CURRENT AND FORTHCOMING OBSERVING FACILITIES
1 FUTURE OBSERVATIONS OF COSMIC MAGNETIC FIELDS WITH
LOFAR, SKA AND ITS PRECURSORS 3
RAINER BECK
1.1 PROSPECTS OF FUTURE MAGNETIC FIELD OBSERVATIONS 3
1.1.1 DIFFUSE POLARIZED EMISSION 3
1.1.2 ROTATION MEASURE GRIDS 5
1.1.3 MAGNETIC FIELDS OF THE MILKY WAY 6
1.1.4 INTERGALACTIC FILAMENTS 6
1.2 FARADAY ROTATION MEASURE SYNTHESIS 7
1.3 LOW FREQUENCY ARRAY 9
1.4 SQUARE KILOMETRE ARRAY 11
1.4.1 TECHNICAL DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SKA 11
1.4.2 SKA KEY SCIENCE PROJECTS 13
1.4.3 SKA TIMELINE 14
1.5 SKA PATHFINDER AND PRECURSOR TELESCOPES 14
REFERENCES 16
2 MAGNETIC FIELDS WITH THE ATACAMA LARGE
MILLIMETER/SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY 19
WOUTER VLEMMINGS
2.1 THE ATACAMA LARGE MILLIMETER/SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY 19
2.1.1 ALMA SPECIFICATIONS 20
2.1.2 ALMA SCIENCE 22
2.2 ALMA POLARIZATION CALIBRATION 22
2.3 MAGNETIC FIELD OBSERVATIONS WITH ALMA 24
2.3.1 (SUB-)MILLIMETRE POLARIZATION 24
2.3.2 STAR FORMATION AND MOLECULAR CLOUDS 26
VII
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1054229929
VIII CONTENTS
2.3.3 EVOLVED STARS AND PLANETARY NEBULAE 29
2.3.4 NEARBY GALAXIES 32
2.4 ALMA POLARIZATION ANALYSIS TOOLS: THE ARTIST PROJECT 34
CONCLUSION 35
REFERENCES 36
PART II TECHNIQUES FOR OBSERVING COSMIC MAGNETIC FIELDS
3 SYNCHROTRON RADIATION AND FARADAY ROTATION 41
GEORGE HEALD
3.1 INTRODUCTION 41
3.2 SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 42
3.2.1 ESTIMATION OF MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH 43
3.3 POLARIZATION AND FARADAY ROTATION 44
3.4 ROTATION MEASURE SYNTHESIS 45
3.4.1 RM SYNTHESIS DECONVOLUTION 49
3.4.2 WAVELET BASED RM SYNTHESIS 52
3.5 OUTLOOK 53
REFERENCES 54
4 INTERSTELLAR GRAIN ALIGNMENT: OBSERVATIONAL STATUS 59
B-G ANDERSSON
4.1 INTRODUCTION 59
4.2 GRAIN ALIGNMENT THEORIES 66
4.2.1 THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS AMENABLE
TO OBSERVATIONAL TESTS 69
4.3 OBSERVATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 73
4.4 OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON GRAIN ALIGNMENT MECHANISMS 76
4.4.1 DAVIS-GREENSTEIN ALIGNMENT 76
4.4.2 SUPER-PARAMAGNETIC ALIGNMENT 77
4.4.3 SUPRATHERMAL SPIN ALIGNMENT 78
4.4.4 MECHANICAL (GOLD) ALIGNMENT 80
4.4.5 RADIATIVE ALIGNMENT 80
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 82
REFERENCES 84
5 MAGNETIC FIELD MEASUREMENT WITH GROUND STATE ALIGNMENT 89
HUIRONG YAN AND A. LAZARIAN
5.1 INTRODUCTION 90
5.2 HISTORY ON STUDIES RELATED TO ATOMIC ALIGNMENT 93
5.3 BASIC PHYSICS OF GSA 94
5.3.1 TIMESCALES 96
5.3.2 DIFFERENT REGIMES 97
5.4 POLARIZATION OF ABSORPTION LINES 99
5.4.1 IS THERE ANY CIRCULAR POLARIZATION? 102
5.5 IR/SUBMILIMETRE TRANSITIONS WITHIN GROUND STATE 103
CONTENTS IX
5.6 ATOMS WITH HYPERFINE STRUCTURE 105
5.7 POLARIZATION OF RESONANCE AND FLUORESCENCE LINES 106
5.8 INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON POLARIZATION AND LINE INTENSITY.
108
5.9 OBSERVATIONAL PERSPECTIVE 109
5.9.1 INTERSTELLAR ABSORPTION AND 3D MAGNETIC FIELD
MEASUREMENT 109
5.9.2 CIRCUMSTELLARABSORPTION ILL
5.9.3 FLUORESCENCE FROM REFLECTION NEBULAE ILL
5.9.4 MAGNETIC FIELD IN PDR REGIONS 112
5.10 OBSERVATIONAL TESTS 113
5.11 GSA AND COSMOLOGICAL STUDIES 114
5.11.1 MAGNETIC FIELD IN THE EPOCH OF REIONIZATION? 114
5.11.2 INFLUENCE ON ABUNDANCE STUDIES 115
5.11.3 METAL DETECTION IN EARLY UNIVERSE 116
5.12 FEASIBILITY OF GSA STUDIES 117
5.13 SUMMARY 118
REFERENCES 118
PART III MF IN TURBULENT MEDIA
6
KINETIC TURBULENCE 123
GREGORY G. HOWES
6.1 INTRODUCTION 123
6.1.1 QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF PLASMA TURBULENCE 124
6.1.2 LIMITS OF MHD TREATMENT OF ASTROPHYSICAL
TURBULENCE 124
6.1.3 IMPORTANCE OF KINETIC TURBULENCE 131
6.2 KEY QUESTIONS ABOUT KINETIC TURBULENCE 132
6.3 A MODEL OF THE KINETIC TURBULENT CASCADE 133
6.3.1 MHD INERTIAL RANGE: FROM DRIVING SCALES
TO THE COLLISIONAL TRANSITION 135
6.3.2 MHD INERTIAL RANGE: FROM THE COLLISIONAL
TRANSITION TO THE ION LARMOR RADIUS 137
6.3.3 TRANSITION AT THE ION LARMOR RADIUS 139
6.3.4 KINETIC DISSIPATION RANGE: BETWEEN THE ION
AND ELECTRON LARMOR RADIUS 140
6.3.5 KINETIC DISSIPATION RANGE: TERMINATION AT
ELECTRON LARMOR RADIUS 144
6.3.6 IRREVERSIBLE HEATING VIA THE ION AND ELECTRON
ENTROPY CASCADES 145
CONCLUSION 146
REFERENCES 148
X CONTENTS
7 INTERSTELLAR POLARIZATION AND MAGNETIC TURBULENCE 133
TERRY JAY JONES
7.1 POLARIZATION IN TRANSMISSION AND EMISSION 153
7.2 TURBULENCE AND THE FIELD STRENGTH 154
7.3 TURBULENCE AND THE POSITION ANGLE STRUCTURE FUNCTION 157
7.4 GLOBAL STATISTICS 158
7.5 FUTURE WORK 160
REFERENCES 161
8 MHD TURBULENCE, TURBULENT DYNAMO AND APPLICATIONS 163
ANDREY BERESNYAK AND ALEX LAZARIAN
8.1 INTRODUCTION 163
8.2 ASTROPHYSICAL DYNAMO 164
8.2.1 UNIVERSAL NONLINEAR SMALL-SCALE DYNAMO 166
8.2.2 LOCALITY OF THE SMALL-SCALE DYNAMO 167
8.2.3 MHD CASCADE,
K K*
168
8.2.4 HYDRO CASCADE,
K K*
168
8.2.5 DYNAMO CASCADE
K = K*
169
8.2.6 NUMERICAL RESULTS 169
8.2.7 ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SMALL-SCALE DYNAMO 170
8.3 MHD TURBULENCE IN THE INERTIAL RANGE 171
8.3.1 BASIC EQUATIONS 172
8.3.2 BASIC SCALINGS IN THE BALANCED CASE 174
8.3.3 STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS AND SPECTRA 176
8.3.4 THE NUMERICAL SCALING ARGUMENT 178
8.3.5 NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS 180
8.3.6 RESOLUTION STUDY FOR BALANCED SPECTRA 182
8.3.7 DYNAMIC ALIGNMENT: THEORIES VS MEASUREMENTS 183
8.3.8 DYNAMIC ALIGNMENT: RELATION TO SPECTRA 185
8.3.9 ANISOTROPY: BALANCED CASE 187
8.3.10 BASIC PROPERTIES OF BALANCED MHD TURBULENCE 188
8.4 IMBALANCED MHD TURBULENCE 189
8.4.1 THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS 191
8.4.2 LITHWICK, GOLDREICH AND SRIDHAR (LITHWICK
ET AL. 2007) MODEL, LGS07 192
8.4.3 BERESNYAK AND LAZARIAN (BERESNYAK AND
LAZARIAN 2008) MODEL, BL08 192
8.4.4 PEREZ AND BOLDYREV (2009) MODEL, PB09 193
8.4.5 IMBALANCED SIMULATIONS 194
8.4.6 NONLINEAR CASCADING AND DISSIPATION RATE 194
8.4.7 IMBALANCED SPECTRA 196
8.4.8 IMBALANCED ANISOTROPICS 196
8.5 COMPRESSIBILITY IN MHD TURBULENCE 199
8.5.1 DECOMPOSITION INTO FUNDAMENTAL MODES 199
8.5.2 OTHER WAYS OF DECOMPOSITION INTO
FUNDAMENTAL MODES 203
CONTENTS XI
8.5.3 DECOMPOSITION INTO SOLENOIDAL AND POTENTIAL MODES 205
8.5.4 DENSITY SCALINGS 206
8.5.5 VISCOSITY-DOMINATED REGIME OF MHD TURBULENCE 207
8.5.6 APPLICATION OF RESULTS TO COLLISIONLESS FLUIDS 210
8.5.7 OUTLOOK ON RELATIVISTIC TURBULENCE 211
8.6 INTERMITTENCY OF MHD TURBULENCE 212
8.6.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 212
8.6.2 SHE-LEVEQUE MODEL OF INTERMITTENCY 213
8.6.3 INTERMITTENCY OF INCOMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE 213
8.6.4 INTERMITTENCY OF COMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE 214
8.6.5 INTERMITTENCY OF VISCOSITY-DAMPED TURBULENCE 216
8.7 SELECTED IMPLICATIONS OF MHD TURBULENCE AND
TURBULENT DYNAMO 217
8.7.1 MAGNETIC RECONNECTION IN THE PRESENCE OF
MHD TURBULENCE 217
8.7.2 TURBULENCE AND PARTICLE ACCELERATION 219
8.7.3 THIN STRUCTURES IN THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM 219
8.7.4 INTERMITTENT TURBULENT HEATING OF INTERSTELLAR GAS 220
8.7.5 SUPPRESSION OF INSTABILITIES BY ALFVENIC TURBULENCE 221
8.7.6 TURBULENT DYNAMO AND HIGH REDSHIFT PHYSICS 222
REFERENCES 222
9 THE INTERMITTENCY OF ISM TURBULENCE: WHAT DO THE
OBSERVATIONS TELL US? 227
EDITH FALGARONE, GIORGOS MOMFERRATOS, AND PIERRE LESAFFRE
9.1 THE TURBULENT INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM 227
9.2 INTERMITTENCY IN HYDRODYNAMICAL INCOMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE 231
9.2.1 DEFINITIONS AND STATISTICAL SIGNATURES 231
9.2.2 OPEN QUESTIONS 232
9.3 INTERMITTENCY IN THE ISM: THE OBSERVERS PERSPECTIVE 233
9.3.1 SIGNATURES OF THE INTERMITTENCY IN THE VELOCITY
FIELD OF MOLECULAR CLOUDS 233
9.3.2 SIGNATURES OF INTERMITTENCY: HOT GLITTERS IN
THE COLD MEDIUM 237
9.4 INTERMITTENCY IN THE ISM: THE THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY
PERSPECTIVE 238
9.4.1 NON-EQUILIBRIUM CHEMISTRY IN A MAGNETIZED
BURGERS VORTEX 239
9.4.2 NON-EQUILIBRIUM CHEMISTRY IN MAGNETIZED SHOCKS 240
9.5 INTERMITTENCY IN MHD AND NON-IDEAL TURBULENCE:
THE THEORIST AND NUMERICIST PERSPECTIVES 243
9.5.1 ENERGY SPECTRUM 243
9.5.2 INTERMITTENCY IN MHD TURBULENCE 244
9.5.3 INTERMITTENCY IN NON-IDEAL TURBULENCE:
AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION 248
XII CONTENTS
9.6 SUMMARY AND PERSPECTIVES 249
REFERENCES 251
10 COSMIC RAY TRANSPORT IN TURBULENT MAGNETIC FIELD 233
HUIRONG YAN
10.1 INTRODUCTION 253
10.2 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN TURBULENCE AND PARTICLES 255
10.3 SCATTERING OF COSMIC RAYS 257
10.3.1 SCATTERING BY ALFVENIC TURBULENCE 257
10.3.2 COSMIC RAY SCATTERING BY COMPRESSIBLE
MHD TURBULENCE 258
10.3.3 NONLINEAR THEORY OF DIFFUSION 259
10.3.4 RESULTS FROM TEST PARTICLE SIMULATIONS 261
10.4 COSMIC RAY PROPAGATION IN GALAXY 262
10.4.1 HALO 263
10.4.2 WARM IONIZED MEDIUM 265
10.4.3 OTHER PHASES 266
10.5 PERPENDICULAR TRANSPORT 267
10.5.1 PERPENDICULAR DIFFUSION ON LARGE SCALE 268
10.5.2 SUPERDIFFUSION ON SMALL SCALES 268
10.5.3 IS THERE SUBDIFFUSION? 269
10.6 STREAMING INSTABILITY IN THE PRESENCE OF TURBULENCE 269
10.6.1 APPLICATION TO CR ACCELERATION AT THE SHOCKS 271
10.6.2 ENHANCED SCATTERING AND STREAMING INSTABILITY
NEARSNRS 275
10.7 GYRORESONANCE INSTABILITY OF CRS IN COMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE . 277
10.7.1 BOTTLE-NECK FOR THE GROWTH OF THE INSTABILITY
AND FEEDBACK ON TURBULENCE 278
10.8 SUMMARY 279
REFERENCES 279
PART IV DIFFUSION, RECONNECTION AND ACCELERATION IN
ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS
11 AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION 285
ELLEN G. ZWEIBEL
11.1 INTRODUCTION 285
11.2 BASICS 287
11.2.1 FLUID DYNAMICAL APPROACH 287
11.2.2 TENSOR CONDUCTIVITY APPROACH 292
11.3 WAVES AND TURBULENCE 293
11.3.1 WAVES 293
11.3.2 EFFECT OF AMBIPOLAR DRIFT ON TURBULENCE 296
11.3.3 EFFECT OF TURBULENCE ON AMBIPOLAR DRIFT 297
CONTENTS XIII
11.4 SHOCKS AND FRONTS 299
11.4.1 SHOCKS 299
11.4.2 FRONTS 300
11.5 INSTABILITIES IN A WEAKLY IONIZED MEDIUM 301
11.5.1 FLOW DRIVEN INSTABILITIES 301
11.6 AMBIPOLAR DRIFT AND MAGNETIC RECONNECTION 303
11.6.1 STRONGLY AND WEAKLY COUPLED RECONNECTION 304
11.6.2 CURRENT SHEET FORMATION: TRIGGERING RAPID
RECONNECTION 305
11.7 SUMMARY 306
REFERENCES 307
12 MAGNETIC RECONNECTION IN ASTROPHYSICS! ENVIRONMENTS 311
ALEX LAZARIAN, GREGORY L. EYINK, ETHAN T. VISHNIAC, AND
GRZEGORZ KOWAL
12.1 INTRODUCTION 312
12.2 BASICS OF MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AND ASTROPHYSICAL
TURBULENCE 313
12.2.1 MODELS OF LAMINAR RECONNECTION 313
12.2.2 TURBULENCE IN ASTROPHYSICAL FLUIDS 317
12.2.3 MHD DESCRIPTION OF PLASMA MOTIONS 318
12.2.4 MODERN UNDERSTANDING OF MHD TURBULENCE 321
12.3 MAGNETIC RECONNECTION IN THE PRESENCE OF TURBULENCE 324
12.3.1 INITIAL ATTEMPTS TO INVOKE TURBULENCE TO
ACCELERATE MAGNETIC RECONNECTION 324
12.3.2 MODEL OF MAGNETIC RECONNECTION IN WEAKLY
TURBULENT MEDIA 326
12.3.3 OPENING UP OF THE OUTFLOW REGION VIA
MAGNETIC FIELD WANDERING 327
12.3.4 RICHARDSON DIFFUSION AND LV99 MODEL 329
12.3.5 ROLE OF PLASMA EFFECTS FOR MAGNETIC RECONNECTION 330
12.4 NUMERICAL TESTING OF THEORY PREDICTIONS 332
12.4.1 APPROACH TO NUMERICAL TESTING 332
12.4.2 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS 332
12.4.3 DEPENDENCE ON RESISTIVITY, TURBULENCE
INJECTION POWER AND TURBULENCE SCALE 333
12.4.4 DEPENDENCE ON GUIDE FIELD STRENGTH,
ANOMALOUS RESISTIVITY AND VISCOSITY 335
12.4.5 STRUCTURE OF THE RECONNECTION REGION 336
12.4.6 TESTING OF MAGNETIC RICHARDSON DIFFUSION 338
12.5 OBSERVATIONAL CONSEQUENCES AND TESTS 339
12.6 EXTENDING LV99 THEORY 343
12.6.1 RECONNECTION IN PARTIALLY IONIZED GAS 343
12.6.2 DEVELOPMENT OF TURBULENCE DUE TO MAGNETIC
RECONNECTION 345
12.6.3 EFFECT OF ENERGY DISSIPATION IN THE
RECONNECTION LAYER 348
12.6.4 RELATIVISTIC RECONNECTION 350
12.7 IMPLICATIONS OF FAST RECONNECTION IN TURBULENT FLUIDS 351
12.7.1 FLUX FREEZING IN ASTROPHYSICAL FLUIDS 351
12.7.2 SOLAR FLARES AND GAMMA RAY BURSTS 355
12.7.3 RECONNECTION DIFFUSION AND STAR FORMATION 358
12.7.4 HEAT AND COSMIC RAY TRANSPORT IN THE
PRESENCE OF RECONNECTION 360
12.7.5 RECONNECTION AND FIRST-ORDER FERMI ACCELERATION 361
12.7.6 DISSIPATION OF TURBULENCE IN CURRENT SHEETS 361
12.8 DISCUSSION 362
12.8.1 INTERRELATION OF LV99 RECONNECTION AND
MODERN UNDERSTANDING OF MHD TURBULENCE 362
12.8.2 SUGGESTIVE EVIDENCE ON FAST RECONNECTION 363
12.8.3 CONVERGENCE OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO FAST
RECONNECTION 363
12.8.4 RECENT ATTEMPTS TO RELATE TURBULENCE
AND RECONNECTION 365
12.8.5 RECONNECTION AND NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS 366
12.8.6 PLASMA PHYSICS AND RECONNECTION 366
REFERENCES 367
PARTICLE ACCELERATION BY MAGNETIC RECONNECTION 373
ELISABETE M. DE GOUVEIA DAL PINO AND GRZEGORZ KOWAL
13.1 INTRODUCTION 373
13.2 ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR FIRST ORDER FERMI PARTICLE
ACCELERATION WITHIN MAGNETIC RECONNECTION SITES 376
13.3 PARTICLE ACCELERATION IN RECONNECTION SITES:
NUMERICAL STUDIES 381
13.3.1 PARTICLE ACCELERATION IN 2D DOMAINS 382
13.3.2 ACCELERATION NEAR AND WITHIN CURRENT SHEETS 384
13.3.3 2D VERSUS 3D SIMULATIONS 385
13.3.4 ACCELERATION IN 3D SWEET-PARKER RECONNECTION 387
13.3.5 ACCELERATION IN 3D RECONNECTION SITES
WITH TURBULENCE 389
13.3.6 ACCELERATION BY RECONNECTION IN PURE 3D
TURBULENT ENVIRONMENTS 390
13.4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 390
13.4.1 ANALYTICAL PREDICTIONS VERSUS NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS. 393
13.4.2 PARTICLE ACCELERATION IN RELATIVISTIC DOMAINS
OF RECONNECTION 394
REFERENCES 396
CONTENTS XV
PART V MFS IN STAR FORMATION REGIONS
14 INTERSTELLAR MHD TURBULENCE AND STAR FORMATION 401
ENRIQUE VAZQUEZ-SEMADENI
14.1 INTRODUCTION 402
14.2 ISM THERMODYNAMICS: THERMAL INSTABILITY 403
14.3 COMPRESSIBLE POLYTROPIC MHD TURBULENCE 405
14.3.1 EQUATIONS 405
14.3.2 GOVERNING NON-DIMENSIONAL PARAMETERS 407
14.3.3 PRODUCTION OF DENSITY FLUCTUATIONS. THE
NON-MAGNETIC CASE 408
14.3.4 PRODUCTION OF DENSITY FLUCTUATIONS. THE
MAGNETIC CASE 413
14.4 TURBULENCE IN THE MULTIPHASE ISM 419
14.4.1 DENSITY PDF IN THE MULTIPHASE ISM 420
14.4.2 THE FORMATION OF DENSE, COLD CLOUDS AND CLUMPS 421
14.5 THE NATURE OF THE TURBULENCE IN THE VARIOUS ISM COMPONENTS . 424
14.5.1 GENERALITIES 424
14.5.2 THE HOT IONIZED MEDIUM 425
- 14.5.3 THE WARM IONIZED MEDIUM 425
14.5.4 THE ATOMIC MEDIUM 426
14.5.5 THE MOLECULAR GAS 426
14.6 STAR FORMATION IN THE TURBULENT ISM 434
14.6.1 DOES MOLECULAR CLOUD 'TURBULENCE" PROVIDE
SUPPORT FOR MOLECULAR CLOUDS? 434
14.6.2 REGULATION OF STAR FORMATION VIA STELLAR FEEDBACK 436
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 438
REFERENCES 440
15 OBSERVATIONS OF MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MOLECULAR CLOUDS:
TESTING STAR FORMATION THEORY 445
RICHARD M. CRUTCHER
15.1 INTRODUCTION 445
15.2 OBSERVATIONS OF MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTHS 446
15.3 TESTING MAGNETIC DIFFUSION THEORY 448
15.3.1 SUBCRITICAL MOLECULAR CLOUDS 448
15.3.2 VARIATION OF M/0 WITH CLOUD RADIUS 450
15.3.3 BAYESIAN ANALYSIS OF TOTAL MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH 452
15.4 COMPLETE MODELS OF INDIVIDUAL CLOUDS 454
CONCLUSION 455
REFERENCES 456
XVI CONTENTS
16 GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE AND DISK FORMATION
IN MAGNETIZED CORES 459
SUSANA LIZANO AND DANIELE GALLI
16.1 INTRODUCTION 459
16.2 MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MOLECULAR CLOUDS 460
16.3 GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE OF MAGNETIZED CORES 462
16.3.1 CATASTROPHIC MAGNETIC BRAKING AND DISK FORMATION 462
16.3.2 MEASUREMENTS OF MASS-TO-FLUX RATIOS IN
PROTOSTELLAR DISKS 467
16.4 MAGNETIZED ACCRETION DISKS 468
16.4.1 VISCOSITY AND RESISTIVITY 468
16.4.2 SUB-KEPLERIAN DISK ROTATION 470
16.4.3 STABILITY AND PLANET FORMATION 472
16.4.4 IMPLICATIONS OF DISK MAGNETIZATION FOR PLANET
MIGRATION 474
CONCLUSION 476
REFERENCES 477
PART VI MF IN GALAXIES AND BEYOND
17 MAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE MILKY WAY 483
MARIJKE HAVERKORN
17.1 INTRODUCTION 483
17.2 TERMINOLOGY 485
17.2.1 LARGE-SCALE VS SMALL-SCALE FIELDS 485
17.2.2 CONFIGURATIONS OF LARGE-SCALE GALACTIC
MAGNETIC FIELDS 486
17.2.3 PITCH ANGLE DEFINITION 488
17.3 MAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE GALACTIC DISK 488
17.3.1 LARGE-SCALE MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH 488
17.3.2 LARGE-SCALE MAGNETIC FIELD STRUCTURE 489
17.3.3 THE PITCH ANGLE OF THE MAGNETIC SPIRAL ARMS 494
17.3.4 TURBULENT MAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE DISK 495
17.4 MAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE GALACTIC HALO 496
17.5 MAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE ENTIRE DISK + HALO SYSTEM 497
17.6 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 499
17.7 EPILOGUE 501
17.7.1 GALACTIC MAGNETISM WITH EXISTING INSTRUMENTATION 501
17.7.2 GALACTIC MAGNETISM WITH NEXT-GENERATION
INSTRUMENTATION 502
REFERENCES 503
18 MAGNETIC FIELDS IN GALAXIES 507
RAINER BECK
18.1 INTRODUCTION 508
18.2 ORIGIN OF MAGNETIC FIELDS 508
CONTENTS
XVI
18.3 MEASURING MAGNETIC FIELDS IN GALAXIES 509
18.4 TOTAL MAGNETIC FIELDS 511
18.4.1 FIELD STRENGTHS 511
18.4.2 THE RADIO-INFRARED CORRELATION 513
18.5 STRUCTURE OF ORDERED MAGNETIC FIELDS 514
18.5.1 SPIRAL GALAXIES 514
18.5.2 BARRED GALAXIES 516
18.5.3 FLOCCULENT AND IRREGULAR GALAXIES 518
18.5.4 INTERACTING GALAXIES 520
18.5.5 HALOS AROUND EDGE-ON GALAXIES 521
18.5.6 EARLY-TYPE AND SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES 523
18.6 REGULAR MAGNETIC FIELDS 523
18.6.1 LARGE-SCALE FIELDS IN GALAXY DISKS 523
18.6.2 LARGE-SCALE FIELDS IN GALAXY HALOS 525
18.6.3 FIELD REVERSALS 525
18.7 OUTLOOK 526
REFERENCES 527
19 SIMULATIONS OF GALACTIC DYNAMOS 529
AXEL BRANDENBURG
19.1 INTRODUCTION 529
19.2 ASPECTS OF KINEMATIC MEAN-FIELD THEORY 531
19.2.1 DOMINANCE OF QUADRUPOLAR MODES 531
19.2.2 NON-AXISYMMETRIC MAGNETIC FIELDS 533
19.2.3 THE A EFFECT AND TURBULENT DIFFUSIVITY IN GALAXIES 536
19.3 ASPECTS OF NONLINEAR MEAN-FIELD THEORY 538
19.3.1 BI-HELICAL MAGNETIC FIELDS FROM SIMULATIONS 538
19.3.2 CATASTROPHIC QUENCHING 539
19.3.3 MEAN-FIELD DESCRIPTION 541
19.4 OBSERVATIONAL ASPECTS 545
19.5 PRIMORDIAL MAGNETIC FIELD 547
CONCLUSION 550
REFERENCES 551
20 COSMIC RAYS IN GALAXY CLUSTERS AND THEIR INTERACTION
WITH MAGNETIC FIELDS 557
G. BRUNETTI AND T.W. JONES
20.1 INTRODUCTION 557
20.2 COSMIC RAY SOURCES AND ACCELERATION 560
20.2.1 GALAXIES, STARBURSTS AND ACTIVE NUCLEI 561
20.2.2 PARTICLE ACCELERATION IN THE ICM 562
20.2.3 GENERATION OF SECONDARY PARTICLES 574
20.3 EVOLUTION AND DYNAMICS OF CRS IN GALAXY CLUSTERS 576
20.3.1 ENERGY LOSSES 576
20.3.2 DYNAMICS OF COSMIC RAYS 578
XVIII CONTENTS
20.4 NON-THERMAL EMISSION FROM GALAXY CLUSTERS
AND ORIGIN OF CRS 580
20.4.1 SYNCHROTRON EMISSION: RADIO HALOS AND RELICS 580
20.4.2 LIMITS ON CRP 586
20.4.3 HIGH ENERGY EMISSION FROM GALAXY CLUSTERS 587
CONCLUSION 591
REFERENCES 594
21 TURBULENCE IN THE INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM 599
M. BRIIGGEN AND F. VAZZA
21.1 INTRODUCTION 599
21.2 OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE FOR TURBULENCE IN THE ICM 600
21.3 INSIGHTS FROM SIMULATIONS 603
21.3.1 TURBULENCE FROM CLUSTER MERGERS, ACTIVE
GALACTIC NUCLEI AND COOL CORE SLOSHING 606
21.3.2 TURBULENCE BY MOTIONS OF GALAXIES 610
21.4 TURBULENCE BY CONDUCTIVE INSTABILITIES 611
21.5 CONCLUDING REMARKS 612
REFERENCES 612
INDEX 615 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author2 | Lazarian, Alexander |
| author2_role | edt |
| author2_variant | a l al |
| author_facet | Lazarian, Alexander |
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| dewey-search | 523.0188 |
| dewey-sort | 3523.0188 |
| dewey-tens | 520 - Astronomy and allied sciences |
| discipline | Physik Geographie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV042401062 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-09-10T01:39:20Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3662446243 9783662446249 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XVIII, 623 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Astrophysics and space science library |
| series2 | Astrophysics and space science library |
| spelling | Magnetic fields in diffuse media Alexander Lazarian ; Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino ; Claudio Melioli, ed. Heidelberg ; New York, NY ; Dordrecht ; London ; Berlin Springer 2015 XVIII, 623 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Astrophysics and space science library 407 Literaturangaben Interstellare Materie (DE-588)4162140-2 gnd rswk-swf Magnetfeld (DE-588)4074450-4 gnd rswk-swf Research astrophysical magnetic fields astrophysical diffuse media observation of astrophysical magnetic fields origin of cosmic magnetic fields magnetic turbulence interstellar medium properties star formation processes Interstellare Materie (DE-588)4162140-2 s Magnetfeld (DE-588)4074450-4 s DE-604 Lazarian, Alexander edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-662-44625-6 Astrophysics and space science library 407 (DE-604)BV000000296 407 X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=4727499&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027836740&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Magnetic fields in diffuse media Astrophysics and space science library Interstellare Materie (DE-588)4162140-2 gnd Magnetfeld (DE-588)4074450-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4162140-2 (DE-588)4074450-4 |
| title | Magnetic fields in diffuse media |
| title_auth | Magnetic fields in diffuse media |
| title_exact_search | Magnetic fields in diffuse media |
| title_full | Magnetic fields in diffuse media Alexander Lazarian ; Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino ; Claudio Melioli, ed. |
| title_fullStr | Magnetic fields in diffuse media Alexander Lazarian ; Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino ; Claudio Melioli, ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnetic fields in diffuse media Alexander Lazarian ; Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino ; Claudio Melioli, ed. |
| title_short | Magnetic fields in diffuse media |
| title_sort | magnetic fields in diffuse media |
| topic | Interstellare Materie (DE-588)4162140-2 gnd Magnetfeld (DE-588)4074450-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Interstellare Materie Magnetfeld |
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