Health disparities in the United States: social class, race, ethnicity, and health
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Baltimore, Md.
Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
2014
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| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xvii, 308 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 23 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781421414751 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Barr, Donald A. |d 1946- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1068660880 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Health disparities in the United States |b social class, race, ethnicity, and health |c Donald A. Barr |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Baltimore, Md. |b Johns Hopkins Univ. Press |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a xvii, 308 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. |c 23 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Health Status Disparities | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ethnic Groups | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Healthcare Disparities | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Prejudice | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Socioeconomic Factors | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027820516&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804153029252874240 |
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| adam_text | Titel: Health disparities in the United States
Autor: Barr, Donald A
Jahr: 2014
CONTENTS
Preface xi
1 Introduction to the Social Roots of Health Disparities 1
2 What Is Health ? How Should We Define It? How Should We Measure It? 12
Six People: Healthy or Unhealthy? 12
Defining Health at the Level of an Individual 14
Health as a Multidimensional Concept 21
The Danger of Approaching Health as a Moral Imperative 27
Measuring the Health of a Community or a Society 29
Comparing Health Status Globally 31
3 The Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Health,
or, They Call It Poor Health for a Reason 36
Terminology: Socioeconomic Status or Socioeconomic Position? 38
What Is Socioeconomic Status? How Should We Measure It? 39
Is Race a Measure of SES Independent of Education, Income, and Occupation? 43
Developing a Model of the Various Measures of SES 46
Social Anomie and a Loss of Trust in Society 49
Understanding the Nature of a Social Hierarchy 50
The Association of Transition among SES Categories and Health Outcomes 55
The Social Roots of Health Inequality: The Status Syndrome 56
4 Understanding How Low Social Status Leads to Poor Health 58
The Physiological Response to Stress: The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis 59
The Physiological Effects of Chronically Elevated Allostatic Load 62
Biomarkers, Heart Disease, and the Whitehall Study 65
Economic Inequality as a Magnifier of Differences in Social Status 67
Social Capital: Explaining the Association between Inequality and Health 73
Measuring Subjective Social Status: Where Do I Stand on the Ladder of Society? 80
The Other Face of Social Capital: Social Networks 82
Building a Causal Model of the Association between Low Social Status and Poor Health 86
5 Race, Ethnicity, and Health 89
What Are Race and Ethnicity? 91
The Overlap between Race and Ethnicity 93
viti Contents
The History of the Use of Race as a Category in the United States 97
Is There a Genetic Basis for Race? 99
Problems in the Continued Use of Race to Measure Health Outcomes 106
Can We Use Hispanic Ethnicity to Predict Health Status? 114
6 Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Health: Which Is More
Important in Affecting Health Status? 115
Linking Race and Ethnicity to Socioeconomic Status 118
Does Race/Ethnicity Still Affect Health Status after Taking into Account
Socioeconomic Status? 120
Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Infant Mortality 127
The Latina Paradox : Reduced Infant Mortality Despite Reduced Socioeconomic Status
Sources of the Persisting Association between Race and Health Status 133
7 Children s Health Disparities 145
The Changing Demographics of Children in the United States 147
The Importance of Early Child Development as a Source of Health Disparities 148
Mischel s Marshmallow Experiment, and the Predictive Ability of Childhood Behaviors
Disparities in Childhood Asthma 156
Disparities in Childhood Obesity 162
Summary 168
8 All Things Being Equal, Does Race/Ethnicity Affect How Physicians
Treat Patients? 170
Residential Segregation and Access to Medical Care 171
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Treatment of Heart Disease 174
Race/Ethnicity and the Treatment of Cancer 184
Race/Ethnicity and the Treatment of Pain 188
Race/Ethnicity and the Treatment of Kidney Failure 192
Race/Ethnicity and the Treatment of Mental Illness 197
Reviewing the Patterns of Racial Disparity in Access to Care 199
9 Why Does Race/Ethnicity Affect the Way Physicians Treat Patients? 202
The Study of Racial Bias among Physicians 204
Perceptions of Racial Bias in Care among the Public and among Physicians 208
Is Racism on the Part of Physicians a Source of Racial Disparities in Care? 211
Racial Stereotypes as a Source of Racial Bias 215
Unconscious Aversion as a Form of Racial Bias 222
Differentiating among the Forms of Racial Bias 226
Contents ix
10 When, if Ever, Is It Appropriate to Use a Patient s Race/Ethnicity to Guide
Medical Decisions? 230
Race and the Prevention of Skin Cancer 231
Race and the Treatment of Glaucoma 233
Race/Ethnicity and Breast Cancer 235
Race/Ethnicity and the Treatment of High Blood Pressure 238
Race and the Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure: The First Blacks Only Medication 241
College-Educated Women in the Early Stages of Pregnancy 245
11 What Should We Do to Reduce Health Disparities? 247
Eliminate Unconscious Race and Ethnic Bias as a Cause of Health Disparities 251
Monitor Patterns of Care to Identify and Eliminate Unconscious Racial/Ethnic Bias 254
Strengthen the Physician-Patient Relationship, Especially When Physician and Patient
Are from Differing Backgrounds 258
Increase Diversity of the Health Professions as a Means to Reduce Disparities 262
Access to Care as a First Step to Reducing Health Disparities 266
How Far Have We Come in Reducing Health Disparities? 269
References 271
Index 297
|
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:20:06Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781421414751 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 013046569 |
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| physical | xvii, 308 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 23 cm |
| publishDate | 2014 |
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| spelling | Barr, Donald A. 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)1068660880 aut Health disparities in the United States social class, race, ethnicity, and health Donald A. Barr 2. ed. Baltimore, Md. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press 2014 xvii, 308 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 23 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Health Status Disparities Ethnic Groups Healthcare Disparities Prejudice Socioeconomic Factors HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027820516&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Barr, Donald A. 1946- Health disparities in the United States social class, race, ethnicity, and health Health Status Disparities Ethnic Groups Healthcare Disparities Prejudice Socioeconomic Factors |
| title | Health disparities in the United States social class, race, ethnicity, and health |
| title_auth | Health disparities in the United States social class, race, ethnicity, and health |
| title_exact_search | Health disparities in the United States social class, race, ethnicity, and health |
| title_full | Health disparities in the United States social class, race, ethnicity, and health Donald A. Barr |
| title_fullStr | Health disparities in the United States social class, race, ethnicity, and health Donald A. Barr |
| title_full_unstemmed | Health disparities in the United States social class, race, ethnicity, and health Donald A. Barr |
| title_short | Health disparities in the United States |
| title_sort | health disparities in the united states social class race ethnicity and health |
| title_sub | social class, race, ethnicity, and health |
| topic | Health Status Disparities Ethnic Groups Healthcare Disparities Prejudice Socioeconomic Factors |
| topic_facet | Health Status Disparities Ethnic Groups Healthcare Disparities Prejudice Socioeconomic Factors |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027820516&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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