Srbija u Britanskoj politici: (1889 - 1903)
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Veröffentlicht: |
Beograd
Balkanološki Inst. SANU
2014
|
Schriftenreihe: | Posebna izdanja / Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Balkanološki Institut
124 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
Beschreibung: | PST: Serbia in British politics (1889 - 1903). - In kyrill. Schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
Beschreibung: | 541 S. Ill. |
ISBN: | 9788671790802 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text |
С а др ж
a j
Предговор
. 9
Увод
ОД
НЕЗАВИСНОСТИ КНЕЖЕВИНЕ
ДО ПРОМЕНЕ
НА ПРЕСТОЛУ
КРАЉЕВИНЕСРБИЈЕ
(1878-1889). 15
Балкан
између
Сан Стефана
и Берлина
1878.
године
.
i7
Контрадикторное™ британске политике у Берлину
. 24
Цена независности и
проглашења крал>евине
. 29
Британски ставови о
бугарској
кризи
иерпско-бугарскомрату
. 33
„Угодна основа за трговачке
одношаје"
. 37
Глава
ι
ВЕЛИКА
БРИТАНИЈА
И
СРБИЈА
У
ВРЕМЕ
НАМЕСНИШТВА
(1889-1893). 41
Абдикацијакраља
Милана и
британска
дипломатика.
43
ОмајскимнередимауБеограду
. $2
Повратак митрополита Михаила у Београд
. 54
Страх од
обележавања петстогодишњице
Косовске битке
. . 57
Политка Намесништва и британски савети
.
6\
„Свађа краљевих
родителе"
-
британско
виђење
и
тумачење
. 78
Нова
влада
и
разрешење„свађекраљевихродител>а"
. 9°
Британски оеврт на
путовање крал»а
Александра
уРусију
1891·
године и
. 98
.
накрајлсвађекрал>евихродител>а"
.
юо
Спољна
политика две Владе Николе
Пашића
и Велика
Британија
. 105
СмрттрећегнамесникаиВладаЈованаАвакумовића
.
іі8
Политичке
околности
наводног
помирења
краљевих
родителе
. 124
Глава
2
ПРВИ
АПРИЛ
1893.
ГОДИНЕ
. 131
Државни удар „из
осећања
дужности према народу"
. 133
Британски
интереси
и српско-аустроугарске
тензије
1893· · ·
Н7
Крал>ев разлаз са радикалима и
спољнополитичке
опасности
153
Глава з
НЕУТРАЛНЕ ВЛАДЕ
СРБИЈЕ
УБРИТАНСКИМКОМЕНТАРИМА
(1894-1895). 155
Повратак
екскраља
и промена
владе у
Србији
.
і57
Нова влада
и
државни удар
1894.·.
ić>4
Краљево путовање
у
Цариград
. 169
Нова, „прелазна" влада старог
Николе
Христића.
172
Краљево путовање
у
Русију
.
і74
Уједињени зајам
од
1895.
*75
Повратаккраљице-мајке
.
і8г
Глава
4
НАПРЕДЊАЧКА
ВЛАДА
СТОЈАНА НОВАКОВИЂА
И ПОЛИТИКА
ВЕЛИКЕ
БРИТАНИЈЕ
(1895-1896). 185
Економско-политички проблеми Владе
Стојана Новаковића
187
Измеђујерменскогимакедонскогпитања
.
i9¿
Новаковићева спољна
политика,
македонско
питање
и британски савети
. 196
Балканска
сарадња
у тесним оквирима
међународних
околности
.
2о8
Велике
силе,
распламсавање
критског
питања
и
Србија
.
2ié
Уставно
питање
-
изговор за
обарање
Новаковићеве русофилске владе
. 220
Глава
5
ВЕЛИКА
БРИТАНИЈА, СРБИЈА
И КРИТСКО
ПИТАЊЕ
(1897) · · ^5
Политика
Симићеве
владе: „традиционалне везе са
Русијом
исуседнопријателлСтвосаАустро-Угарском"
. 227
Србијаи„дисциплиновањеГрчке"
. 229
Пад Владе
Тјорђа Симића
. 248
Глава
6
БРИТАНСКО
ПОСМАТРАЊЕ МИРОЉУБИВЕ
ПОЛИТИКЕ
ВЛАДЕ ВЛАДАНА
'ŞOP^EBH'KA
(1898-1900). 251
Нова политика
нове владе
. 253
Балканске кризе на
почеткуТјорђевићеве
владе
. 264
Сполінополитичка
питања Тјорђевићеве
владе
. 277
Нови
српски кредити
и британски разлози
. 290
Случај
руског
посланика
Валерија Жадовског
. 295
Македонијаусрпско-бугарскимодносима
. 299
Британска
сведочења
о
Ивањданском
атентату
.
3°4
Значај
пропагандне делатности Чедомил>а
Мијатовића
уЕнглеској .
Замршени сплет
сполене
политике
и
финансијских
проблема
Србије
. 333
Неочекивана
краљева одлука
и
оставка
Владе
Владана
ТЈорђевића
.
Глава
7
КРАЉЕВАЖЕНИДБАУ„ЗЕМЉИИЗНЕНАТЗЕЊА"
. 357
Окретање Србије одАустроугарскекаРусији
. $66
Сукоб сародитељима
и
освета очевим пријатељима
. 375
Дипломатскиизвештајио смрти двавладара
. 379
Уговор о
екстрадицији између
Велике
Британије
и
Србије
. . 385
Реконструкцијаипад^свадбеногминистарства"
.
з86
Глава
8
„НЕПРИРОДНА
ПОЛИТИЧКА КОМБИНАЦИЈА"
ВЛАДА
МИХАИЛА В.
ВУЈИЋ
А
.
39і
„Разблажена
радикална
влада"
. 393
Сполена
политика
Владе Михайла
Вујића
.
4О1
Војска Србије: стање
и
опремљеност
. 42.9
Политика и привреда:
појачано интересовање
за
Србију
. . . 433
О
наводној
краліичино)
трудноћи
и кандидатима за престо
. 44°
Отказано
руско гостопримство и пад
Вујићеве
владе
.
452
Ефемерна влада Пере
Велимировића
. 458
Глава
9
СРБИЈА
У
ВРТЛОГУ РЕФОРМНИХ АКЦИЈА
ВЕЛИКИХ СИЛА
У
ТУРСКОЈ
.
4бі
Нова влада:
повратакАустроугарској
. 462.
Руско-аустроугарски реформни план
и коментари
у
Британией и
Србији
.
ą-66
Неуспех
реформи:
Стара
Србија
и
Македонија
.
47<5
Глава
io
КРАЉЕУБИСТВО
И ПРЕКИД ДИПЛОМАТСКИХ ОДНОСА
ВЕЛИКЕ
БРИТАНИЈЕ
И
СРБИЈЕ
. 489
ЗАКЉУЧАК
.
5О7
SUMMARY
.
51З
Извори
и литература
.
521
Регистар личних имена
. S31
Ljubodrag R
Ristić
SERBIA IN BRITISH POLITICS
(1889 -1903)
A the Congress of Berlin
(1878)
Great Britain, in her natural antagonism to Russia,
helped Austria become ^the guardian of the new state of affairs in the Balkans".
Slightly more than a decade later, Austria-Hungary, seeking to promote its own in¬
terests and oppose those of Russia, became the custodian of British interests in the
parts of the Balkans not accessible to the British fleet. In that year Britain success¬
fully thwarted the strengthening of the Russian influence in the Balkans, which Saint
Petersburg planned to realize by the creation of a great Bulgarian state. But the fact
that it was prevented from putting into effect its plan of the Bulgarian state as envis¬
aged by the Treaty of
San Stefano
did not deter Russia from further efforts to estab¬
lish its strong and lasting influence in the Balkans nor did it eliminate the idea of a
great national state from Bulgarian national and political schemes. The British For¬
eign Secretary Lord Salisbury was aware that it was very difficult to maintain a strong
Turkish state capable of resisting the Russian influence and also protect its Christian
population, which suffered under the lawlessness of the Turkish authorities and the
terror of the local Albanian communities. As time went on, the sporadic efforts of
the British government to protect the Christian population became fewer and less
energetic because it found it necessary to support and uphold the increasingly weak
Turkish Empire as an obstacle to the Russian schemes. The decades that followed
the Berlin Congress meant for the Balkans a difficult period of confrontation and/
or coexistence of Russian and Austrian-Hungarian interests and aspirations, and of
protracted and ruthless struggles of the Balkan states for national unification.
The relations of Great Britain with Serbia in the period of the reign of King
Aleksandar Obrenović
(1889-1903)
were marked by the British concern for Serbia
as a region in which the interests of Vienna and Saint Petersburg competed and
intersected rather than by a particular interest in the political ideas and economic
Şi4
_
Азубодраг П.
Ристић
progress of Serbia. From the Belgrade point of view, this period was a stage during
which the Serbian diplomatic representatives in London sought to obtain political
and economic support against Serbia's powerful northern neighbour since it was
known that Vienna and London were united against Saint Petersburg in their policy
in the Balkans. King
Aleksandar
and the short-lived governments of Serbia had no
choice but to act as their predecessors had done
-
either to side openly with one or
the other of the great powers, or to float uncertainly on the waves of the conflicting
interests of Vienna and Saint Petersburg. Although is seemed desirable and profit¬
able to side with a third power, this was not possible because of various reasons apart
from the geographic distance. These two powers (especially Austria-Hungary) had
succeeded by various means in subjecting Serbia to their influence; the other Great
Powers had little interest in expanding their political potential where the division of
territory had already been made; and the political and economic potential of Serbia
was too small. The decisive role in the definition of the foreign policy of Serbia, both
during the reign of Prince/King Milan
Obrenović
(1872-1889)
and at the time of
King
Aleksandar,
was played by the king. While the Serbian foreign policy in the
time of Prince/King Milan was often marred by his vacillation and even cowardice,
it nevertheless resulted in considerable territorial gains. Its achievements in the more
peaceful circumstances o£ King
Aleksandar
's
reign were, however, considerably
more modest. The primary reasons for this were the very changeable international
circumstances, and the political instability, material decline and military inefHcacy
of Serbia. Although the leading British politicians knew that very well, they were not
sure that Serbia's promises that it would not start a war against Bulgaria and Turkey
could be trusted. In any case, booth King
Aleksandar
and the Serbian prime minis¬
ters and ministers of foreign affairs (particularly
Stojan
Novaković,
Vladan
Đorđević
and
Sima
Lozanić)
made promises that Serbia would pursue a neutral and peaceful
policy as long as possible further developments
-
such as active military interference
of Bulgaria into the settlement of the Macedonian question, operations of the Turk¬
ish troops in Kosovo and
Metohija,
or exacerbation of the Cretan question
-
did not
force them to take the fate of their compatriots in Turkey into their own hands. Both
British and Austrian-Hungarian military experts were well aware that the figure of
two hundred thousand soldiers, which the Serbian political elite boasted of from
time to time, was exaggerated, but they were also aware that the toppling of the tot¬
tering Turkish state did not require a much greater force.
During the entire reign of King
Aleksandar Obrenović
London sent frequent
recommendations to Belgrade that Serbia should stick to its independent policy,
maintain good relations with the neighbouring states and, above of all, devote it¬
self to the solution of its internal problems. These counsels, which the British repre¬
sentatives in Serbia kept reiterating to the ruler, the ministers and all the important
politicians in Belgrade, were possibly listened to, but were not always easy to follow.
The British recommendation to the Serbian statesmen that they should stick to their
independent policy (such as definitely could not be pursued in the Balkans!) might
_
Србија
у британско) политици
1889-1903-_
şiş
have nourished their hopes, but it sounded like a sarcasm rather than a considered
political advice in the actual circumstances of Austrian-Hungarian and Russian influ¬
ences and pressures. Like the other Balkan states (Bulgaria, Montenegro, Greece and
Rumania), Serbia had its own national interests, plans and territorial pretensions.
Severed from Bosnia and Herzegovina by the provisions of the Congress of Berlin,
Serbia directed its aspirations for national unifications to Old Serbia and Macedonia,
for which it had strong national and historical grounds. The British diplomatic repre¬
sentatives watched closely the developments in three Turkish administrative districts
(the eyalets of Kosovo, Skopje and
Bitola),
but the of British Government adhered
to its policy of non-interference and merely offered advice. The British diplomatic
representatives sent to the Foreign Office circumstantial reports on a variety of sub¬
jects
-
the diplomatic action of Serbia in favour of the canonization of Metropolitan
Firmilian, the opening of Serbian schools, the protection of churches, the Bulgarian
or Serbian propaganda, crimes and conflicts in Old Serbia. In these reports they ob¬
served strict neutrality as much as it was possible in view of the almost traditional
Turkophilia of the British diplomacy. The careful scrutiny of the plans and actions
of the Serbian foreign policy was motivated by constant wariness and misgivings
of the British diplomacy concernning the possible conclusion of a Russian-Serbian
military convention, rumours of which were occasionally circulated. Therefore the
fighting potential and exercises of the Serbian army, the manner of recruitment, the
modernization of weaponry and the provision of military equipment were subjects
of its close interest. In spite
ofthat,
the apprehension of a new war conflict in the Bal¬
kans did not prevent the British diplomatic representatives from informing regularly
the British manufacturers of weapons of the requirements of the Serbian army.
It was thought in London that as an intensification of the Russian presence in
the Balkans might divert the attention of Britain to southeast Europe and weaken
the British position in the Far East, so the establishment of an alliance or federation
of the Balkan states
-
even
ifit
included Turkey
-
could threaten peace in southeast
Europe and impose upon Britain a considerable unplanned commitment. Any threat
to the survival of Turkey might force Britain to make its presence in the Balkans more
substantial than merely political and diplomatic. According to the estimates of the
British diplomatic representatives, peace in the Balkans was particularly threatened
by the mutual accusations of Serbia and Bulgaria connected with the extradition of
political culprits, the regulation of borders, the amassing of troops along the frontier
line, and the staging of army maneuvers that could be easily turned into preventive
military operations on the other side of the border. A special problem was posed by
the constant conflict of interests and actions in Macedonia. The endeavours of the
Serbian government to negotiate an agreement with Bulgaria or even Turkey and
postpone the conflict with them proved unrealistic. The negotiations with Greece,
on the other hand, might have had a satisfactory outcome in spite of the opposed
Serbian and Greek interests in Macedonia. However, no definite agreement was
reached in this period. Neither could Serbia reach an agreement with Montenegro
Sió
_
тЪубодраг П.
Ристић
concerning the definition of their spheres of interest and of the boundaries of their
potential territorial expansion. The ambition of Prince Nikola
Petrović
to set up the
Petrović Njegoš
dynasty on the throne in Belgrade or to secure it for his son-in-law
Petar Karađorđević
was a source of constant fear of King
Aleksandar
and hampered,
even more than the territorial disputes, the conclusion of a lasting and effectual
agreement. The Foreign Office was aware of all that.
Serbia was ridden with internal problems which, instead of being dealt with,
were becoming graver and more numerous: the return of Metropolitan Mihailo
Jovanović,
the Fifth Centenary of the Battle of Kosovo, the quarrel and exile of the
Kings parents, coups
d'état,
changes of the constitution, etc. In spite of all this, the
frequently short-lived Serbian governments in the last decade of the 19th century
and at the beginning of the 20th century worked patiently and assiduously on the ad¬
vancement of Serbian national interests. On the one hand, the relatively good neigh¬
bourly relations among the Balkan states were maintained because the Great Powers
had made it clear that they would not tolerate a repetition of the Greek scenario (the
Cretan insurrection and the Greek-Turkish war). They were resolute to prevent the
flaring up of another limited war between two Balkan states into a general conflagra¬
tion in the Balkans which would provide a pretext for one or several Great Powers
to interfere. This was a clear warning, meant for
Beigrade
and Sofia in the first place.
On the other side, the Balkan states were aware of their political, military and eco¬
nomic inability to open any of the national issues in the Balkan tangle. And while
Serbia respected the demand for the preservation of the status quo, resorting only to
notes sent to the Porte and propaganda in schools, Bulgaria kept organizing bands of
irregulars (komitadji) and sending them to Macedonia. The British diplomatic rep¬
resentatives saw no need to take any particular action of their own apart from giving
unequivocal support to the serious warnings Russia and Austria-Hungary sent to
the Balkan capitals after the conclusion of the Russian-Austrian-Hungarian agree¬
ment of
1897.
When Vienna and Saint Petersburg came to the conclusion that it was
necessary to demand urgent reforms from the Porte and presented to it a project of
necessary improvements, the British Foreign Secretary (Marquess of Lansdowne)
hastened to inform the public that he had been acquainted with the plan of reforms
before he was officially apprised of it, thus signaling the British support of it.
The British diplomatic representatives relied on the information and advice
of the Austrian-Hungarian diplomats in Belgrade and the entire western part of the
Balkans, and the Austrian-Hungarian representatives, on their part, knew that they
could count on the diplomatic backing of their British colleagues. Therefore Ser¬
bia's appeal to the British cabinet for support in its efforts to achieve economic and
political independence seemed doomed to failure. Belgrade did not count so much
on the backing of London as on the possibility that the British capital might be
interested in investments in Serbia and thus contribute, at least in some degree, to
its freer development. The Russian-Austrian-Hungarian agreement of
1897
taught
the small Balkan states that they must seek support for their political and economic
_
Србија
у британско
j
политици
1889-1903-_
Şi?
emancipation not only in the cautious exploitation of the rivalries between Russia
and Austria-Hungary, but also in links with some more distant large countries. It
was quite evident that no backing for more energetic measures against Turkey or
for the attainment of full economic independence could be found in London, but
it was nevertheless advisable to seek new and different political friends and attract
fresh capital from a country in which Serbia had not yet lost the reputation of a trust¬
worthy borrower. While the British political support was reduced to recommenda¬
tions of peace and open admonitions that the real address where backing should be
sought was not London, but Vienna, a few Englishmen did evinced interest in the
Serbian market. The British market, on the other hand, showed very little interest in
the modest assortment of goods that Serbia could offer. As a result, the value of the
Serbian exports to Britain amounted to a mere
10%
of the value of the British goods
imported into Serbia. The development of the bilateral trade was seriously hampered
by the political and economic instability of Serbia, by the high costs of transport on
Hirsh's railway to Salonika, and by the fact that the port of Salonika was unsuitable
for large vessels. The Serbian representatives in London sought to convince their
British partners of the profitability of the sale of goods and investments in Serbia,
asserting that the British economy would benefit if it made the necessary adapta¬
tions in the Salonika port at its own cost. The Serbian
chargé
d'affaires
Aleksandar
Jovičić
sought earnestly to persuade the British Minister of Trade
Mundella in 1893
that Britain should embark upon this project not only in the interest of Serbia, but
also for its own good. The abortive attempts to obtain loans in London and the slug¬
gish sale of the bonds of the
4%
loan sent the Serbian negotiators back to the French
and German money markets, to which they were more used and where they could
find investors who had other than purely economic interests in the unstable Serbian
market.
All the developments in Serbia in the
1889-1903
period were more or less re¬
flected in the foreign policy of Serbia. The changes and upheavals in the internal
affairs of Serbia were indeed most frequently caused by the arbitrariness of the ruler,
whom the leading politicians could not oppose because of their inability or legal
constraints. Some political troubles in Serbia were, however, caused by external in¬
fluences. Governments with different orientations and goals in their foreign policy
succeeded one another depending on the powerful influence of ex-king Milan and
on the changeable ambitions of the self-willed ruler.
The internal event which had the greatest impact on the international posi¬
tion of Serbia was, of course, the May Overthrow of
1903.
This
coup d'état
marked a
fundamental change in the foreign policy of Serbia and replaced the former vacilla¬
tion between Austria-Hungary and Russia with a completely pro-Russian attitude.
The reaction of Great Britain to the May Overthrow caused the greatest change in
the foreign relations of Serbia. The same English public opinion which extolled the
First of April
coup d'état
(1893)
as an act of statesmanlike wisdom and skill of the
young king, which was apparently well acquainted with the situation in the Balkans,
Şi8
_
Љубодраг
ΙΊ.
Ристић
and which knew that King
Aleksandar
's throne or even his life were not secure, con¬
demned severely the assassination of the king and the queen because of the brutality
ofthat
act and because the rulers and their spouses were respected in England even
when not liked by politicians and officers. It was then that Serbia realized to its own
cost how sensitive the British public opinion was and how dependent the British
Government was on it.
The British newspapers published a fair amount of news from Serbia. This
contributed to the knowledge of Serbia in England, the but reports of frequent po¬
litical struggles and upheavals, of
coups d'état
and changes of government, of politi¬
cally motivated lawsuits, and of feigned or real assassinations, could not enhance the
renown of Serbia and still less could they attract British investors. In
1903
it was no
secret either in Serbia or in Europe that the royal pair
Obrenović
was not popular
and that their death was not much lamented. This was very well known in England,
too. However, the deeply traditional England could not forgive the brutality of the
coup d'état.
Having once adopted the hard-line stance on the conspiracy, the Brit¬
ish government took a considerable time to make Belgrade meet its demands and
renew its diplomatic relations with Serbia. On the other hand, the conspirators in
Belgrade faced the difficult task of averting international complications, for it was
quite possible that the respect for the principles of
monarchiái
legitimacy and hu¬
manism would lead to the isolation of Serbia. The Serbian diplomatic representative
in London
Čedomilj Mrjatović
found himself isolated in his diplomatic activity and
his indirect endeavours to mitigate the British attitude by explaining that the change
in Belgrade was a matter of internal policy yielded no results. The British diplomatic
representative in Belgrade Bonham was recalled from Belgrade
-
though with cer¬
tain reservations and without an official note
-
and the diplomatic relations between
Serbia and Great Britain were severed. They were re-established, after considerable
difficulties and very slowly, as a result of the pressure of the public opinion and the
English king, only in
1906.
The British policy towards Serbia during the reign of King
Aleksandar
Obrenović
was a consequence and reflection of the mutual relations of the Great
Powers in the broadest geopolitical sphere. The activity of the British diplomatic
representatives in Belgrade reflected the views of the Foreign Office on Russia and
Austria-Hungary
-
the two great powers most interested in the developments in the
Balkans. It is on these views that the British attitude to all the Balkan countries and
their national aspirations was also based. The British representatives in Belgrade
gathered information from the native statesmen and politicians and from the other
members of the diplomatic corps. They relied most, however, on the information
and even advice of the Austrian-Hungarian diplomatic representatives, and their
concerted actions with these diplomats were a direct consequence of the British
fear of the strengthening of the Russian presence in the Balkans. The possibility for
the investment of the British capital into mining, railway transport or manufactur¬
ing industry in Serbia had no particular influence on their attitude. The instructions
Србија
у британско) политици
1889-1903-
sent from London to the British diplomatic representatives in Belgrade were always
made in full conformity with the Austrian-Hungarian policy. Consultations with the
diplomatic representatives of Germany or of some other Great Power in Belgrade
were only occasional. The French and Italian representatives are rarely mentioned
in the reports sent to London. On the other hand, these reports contain abundant
evidence of interest in the views and acts of the representatives of Russia, the state¬
ments and actions of whom were analysed in great detail and regularly communi¬
cated to the Foreign Office.
Neither Serbia nor its rulers reaped any particular benefits from the British
policy in the Balkans. The position of Serbia as defined in
1878
brought the long ex¬
pected independence, but it also entailed obligations which hampered the continu¬
ation of its national liberation and unification, and also imposed a heavy financial
burden on the country. Being compelled to reduce its expenses, the Serbian Govern¬
ment considered closing or lowering the level of its diplomatic mission in London.
Čedomilj Mijatović,
an excellent diplomat and a man thoroughly acquainted with
the circumstances in Britain, was strongly opposed to this idea. The influence of
such a Great Power as Great Britain, he maintained, could be extremely valuable and
sometimes even decisive, and the information concerning the Balkan policy of the
Great Powers and the aspirations of small nations that could be gathered in London
might be of great use to Serbia. According to
Mijatović,
the mere task of acquainting
the British public opinion with Serbia and its position was of enormous importance
for Serbia and might pay off in the not too distant future. The Foreign Office, on
the other hand, had no doubts about the maintenance of its diplomatic mission in
Belgrade. It was a very important place, where the influences of the Great Powers
contended for ascendancy and where the aspirations of the Balkan states were re¬
flected.
Translated by Veselin
Kostić |
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Ristić, Ljubodrag P. 1954- |
author_GND | (DE-588)1066228191 |
author_facet | Ristić, Ljubodrag P. 1954- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Ristić, Ljubodrag P. 1954- |
author_variant | l p r lp lpr |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV042275794 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)903084751 (DE-599)BVBBV042275794 |
era | Geschichte 1889-1903 gnd |
era_facet | Geschichte 1889-1903 |
format | Book |
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geographic | Serbien (DE-588)4054598-2 gnd Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd |
geographic_facet | Serbien Großbritannien |
id | DE-604.BV042275794 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-10-11T18:03:31Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9788671790802 |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027713267 |
oclc_num | 903084751 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
owner_facet | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
physical | 541 S. Ill. |
publishDate | 2014 |
publishDateSearch | 2014 |
publishDateSort | 2014 |
publisher | Balkanološki Inst. SANU |
record_format | marc |
series2 | Posebna izdanja / Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Balkanološki Institut |
spelling | Ristić, Ljubodrag P. 1954- Verfasser (DE-588)1066228191 aut Srbija u Britanskoj politici (1889 - 1903) Ljubodrag P. Ristić Serbia in British politics Beograd Balkanološki Inst. SANU 2014 541 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Posebna izdanja / Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Balkanološki Institut 124 PST: Serbia in British politics (1889 - 1903). - In kyrill. Schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Geschichte 1889-1903 gnd rswk-swf Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd rswk-swf Serbien (DE-588)4054598-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Serbien (DE-588)4054598-2 g Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 s Geschichte 1889-1903 z DE-604 Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Balkanološki Institut Posebna izdanja 124 (DE-604)BV000007645 124 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027713267&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027713267&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
spellingShingle | Ristić, Ljubodrag P. 1954- Srbija u Britanskoj politici (1889 - 1903) Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4003846-4 (DE-588)4054598-2 (DE-588)4022153-2 |
title | Srbija u Britanskoj politici (1889 - 1903) |
title_alt | Serbia in British politics |
title_auth | Srbija u Britanskoj politici (1889 - 1903) |
title_exact_search | Srbija u Britanskoj politici (1889 - 1903) |
title_full | Srbija u Britanskoj politici (1889 - 1903) Ljubodrag P. Ristić |
title_fullStr | Srbija u Britanskoj politici (1889 - 1903) Ljubodrag P. Ristić |
title_full_unstemmed | Srbija u Britanskoj politici (1889 - 1903) Ljubodrag P. Ristić |
title_short | Srbija u Britanskoj politici |
title_sort | srbija u britanskoj politici 1889 1903 |
title_sub | (1889 - 1903) |
topic | Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd |
topic_facet | Außenpolitik Serbien Großbritannien |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027713267&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027713267&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV000007645 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT risticljubodragp srbijaubritanskojpolitici18891903 AT risticljubodragp serbiainbritishpolitics |