Islamic divorces in Europe: bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders
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1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
The Hague
Eleven Internat. Publ.
2015
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Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XX, 477 S. Ill. 24 cm |
ISBN: | 9789462365018 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Table of Contents
Note on Transliteration
xv
List of Frequently Used Arabic Terms
xvii
1
Introduction
1
1.1
Islamic Divorces in Europe
1
1.1.1
Cultural Diversity in Law
2
1.1.2
Bridging Gaps in Legal Diversity: Private International Law
4
1.2
Formulation of Two Problems
5
1.3
Research Questions
7
1.4
Approach and Methodology
8
1.4.1
Three-Tier Approach
8
1.4.1.1
Identifying the Diversity of Islamic Divorces
8
1.4.1.2
Exploring the Diversity of European Recognition Policies
9
1.4.1.3
How to Manage the Legal Diversity Adequately?
11
1.4.2
Methodology
11
1.4.2.1
Part I: Islamic Divorces in Classical Islamic and Contemporary Law
Compared
12
1.4.2.1.1
Functional Classification of Islamic Divorces
12
1.4.2.1.2
Focus on the Status of Women
13
1.4.2.1.3
Islamic Divorce: Private or Public Act or Judgment?
14
1.4.2.2
Part II: Fourfold Analysis of National Recognition Policies in Europe
in a Comparative Perspective
15
1.4.2.2.1
Identification of the Framework for Assessment of the Recogni¬
tion
15
1.4.2.2.2
Attention to the Correct Legal Nature of an Islamic Divorce?
15
1.4.2.2.3
Assessment of the Degree of Openness towards Islamic Divorces
15
1.4.2.2.4
Attention to Limping Legal Relationships?
16
1.4.2.3
Part III: How to Identify Adequate
Legał
Instruments
16
1.5
Sources
17
1.6
Account for Selection
18
1.7
Societal and Academic Relevance
20
2
Context
23
2.1
Divorce in Europe
23
Table of Contents
2.2
Women s Rights upon Divorce
25
2.2.1
Introduction
25
2.2.2
Article
16
Women s Convention
27
2.2.2.1
Context
27
2.2.2.1.1
Specialized Sequel to Other Human Rights Instruments
27
2.2.2.1.2
Discrimination and Gender Equality: Its Core Notions
27
2.2.2.1.3
Its Relation to Other Articles within the Women s Convention
28
2.2.2.1.4
The Women s Convention s Monitoring Mechanisms
29
2.2.2.2
Nature of Article
16 30
2.2.2.3
Declarations and Reservations
33
2.2.3
Closing Remarks
36
Part I Islamic Divorce Laws and Practices
3
Introduction
41
3.1
Islamic versus Occidental Notion of Divorce
41
3.2
Divorce in Islam: The Prerogative of the Husband
41
3.3
Islamic Divorce Further Explained
42
3.4
Structure of Part I
44
4
Context: Islamic Law in a Nutshell
47
4.1
Islamic or Shari a Law?
47
4.2
Sources
48
4.3
Schools of Jurisprudence
51
4.4
Some Characteristic Features
52
4.5
Shari a Law Today
54
5
Divorce in Shari a Law
57
5.1
Introduction
57
5.2
Marriage in Islam and Shari a Law
58
5.2.1
Definition, Characteristics, Purposes, and Types of Marriage
58
5.2.2
Categories of (In-)Validity of Marriage
60
5.2.2.1
The Valid Marriage
61
5.2.2.2
The Irregular Marriage
63
5.2.2.3
The Invalid Marriage
65
5.3
Dissolution of Marriage: Talaq versus Faskh
68
5.3
Л
Distinctive Criterion
69
5.3Л
Distinctive Legal Effects
69
5.4
Divorce by the Husband: The Repudiation
71
Table of Contents
5.4.1
Nature and Legal, Moral, and Religious Characteristics
71
5.4.2
Requirements of Validity
72
5.4.2.1
Substantive Requirements of Validity Related to the
Divorcer
72
5.4.2.1.1
Legal Capacity
72
5.4.2.1.2
Intention to Repudiate
72
5.4.2.1.3
Being a Muslim
74
5.4.2.2
Substantive Requirements of Validity Related to the Divorcee
74
5.4.2.2.1
Specific Status of the Divorcee
74
5.4.2.2.2
During Her Period of Purity?
75
5.4.2.2.3
Indication of the Divorcee
75
5.4.2.3
Substantive Requirement of Validity Related to the Moment of Repu¬
diation
75
5.4.2.4
Formal Requirements of Validity
76
5.4.2.4.1
Expression of the Repudiation
76
5.4.2.4.2
Witnesses
78
5.4.2.4.3
Mandate, Authorization, or Agreement
78
5.4.3
Forms of Talaq
78
5.4.3.1
The Single Repudiation
78
5.4.3.2
The Triple Repudiation
79
5.4.4
Regulations of Talaq
79
5.4.4.1
Talaq Al-Sunna
79
5.4.4.2
Talaq
Al-Biďa
81
5.5
Dissolution of Marriage Initiated by the Wife: Judicial Divorce or
Judicial Annulment (Talaq Al-Qadi or Faskh)
82
5.5.1
The Maliki System: Judicial Repudiation
83
5.5.2
The ShafiH-Hanbali System: Judicial Annulment
84
5.6
Divorce Based on Agreement between the Spouses
84
5.6.1
The Negotiated Repudiation, KhuV
85
5.6.1.1
Nature and Characteristics
87
5.6.1.2
Requirements of Validity
90
5.6.1.2.1
Substantive Requirements of Validity
90
5.6.1.2.2
Formal Requirements of Validity
91
5.6.1.3
Nature and Proportions of the Compensation
91
5.6.2
The Repudiation by Agreement,
Muhara
a
93
5.6.3
The Repudiation by Mandate or Authorization, Talaq Al-Tawkil or
Talaq Al-Tafwid
93
5.6.3.1
Tawkih The Mandate to Repudiate
93
5.6.3.2
Tafwid: The Authorization to Repudiate
94
5.6.3.3
The Self-Repudiation Further Explained
94
VH
Table of Contents
5.7
After Divorce
96
5.7.1
Revocability or Irrevocability of the Divorce
97
5.7.1.1
The Revocable Repudiation-Based Divorce
97
5.7.1.1.1
The Revocation
98
5.7.1.1.2
Requirements to the Revocation
98
5.7.1.2
The Irrevocable Repudiation-Based Divorce
100
5.7.1.2.1
Minor versus Major Variant
100
5.7.1.2.2
Tahiti Procedure
101
5.7.2
Waiting Period
102
5.7.2.1
Purposes
102
5.7.2.2
Duration
103
5.7.2.3
Rights and Duties of the Wife
103
5.7.3
Maintenance
104
5.7.3.1
Nafaqa versus Alimony
104
5.7.3.2
The Wife s Entitlements to Maintenance
104
5.7.3.3
Child(-ren) s
Entitlements to Maintenance
104
5.7.3.4
Maintenance versus Remunerations for Nursing or Custody
105
5.7.4
Dower
105
5.7.4.1
Definition and Characteristics
105
5.7.4.2
Types of Dower
106
5.7.4.3
The Wife s Entitlement to the Dower
107
5.7.4.4
Dower as Tool of Bargaining Power
108
5.7.5
Consolation Gift
109
5.7.6
Parental Authority: Custody and Legal Guardianship
109
5.7.6.1
Distinction
109
5.7.6.2
Custody as a Prerogative of the Mother
110
5.7.6.3
Requirements to the Custodian
110
5.7.6.4
Terms of Custody
111
5.7.7
Inheritance Rights
112
6
Divorce in Egypt
113
6.1
Introduction
113
6.1.1
Islamic Family Law before the Arab Spring
114
6.1.2
Islamic Family Law since the Arab Spring
116
6.2
Divorce
121
6.2.1
Divorce on the Initiative of the Husband
121
6.2.2
Divorce on the Initiative of the Wife
123
6.2.3
Divorce through the Involvement of Both Spouses
126
6.3
After Divorce
127
Vili
6.3.1
Waiting Period
6.3.2
Maintenance
6.3.3
Dower
6.3.4
Remuneration
6.3.5
Provisions for Children
6.3.5.1
Legal Guardianship
6.3.5.2
Custody
6.3.5.3
Maintenance
6.4
Assessment
7
Divorce in Iran
7.1
Introduction
7.1.1
Family Law in Pre-Revolutionary Iran
7.1.2
The Post-Revolutionary Islamic State and Its Actors
7.1.3
Family Law in Post-Revolutionary Iran
7
Л
.4
Features of Contemporary Iranian (Family) Law
7.2
Divorce
7.2.1
Judicial Intervention and Registration of the Divorce
7.2.1.1
Procedure until
2013
7.2.1.2
Procedure since
2013
7.2.2
Divorce by the Husband
7.2.3
Divorce by the Wife
7.2.4
Divorce by Agreement
7.3
After Divorce
7.3.1
Waiting Period
7.3.2
Maintenance
7.3.3
Dower
7.3.4
Remuneration
7.3.5
Provisions for Children
7.3-5.1
Custody
7.3.5.2
Guardianship
7.3.5.3
Maintenance
7.4
Assessment
8
Divorce in Morocco
8.1
Introduction
8.2
Divorce
8.2.1
Divorce on the Initiative of the Husband
8.2.2
Divorce on the Initiative of the Wife
Table of Contents
129
129
129
130
130
130
130
131
132
135
135
135
139
140
144
146
147
147
149
151
152
156
157
158
159
160
164
166
166
167
168
168
171
171
176
179
180
ix
Table of Contents
183
187
188
189
189
190
190
191
192
193
193
194
199
199
202
203
204
206
207
208
208
209
210
210
210
10
Conclusion: An Unbridgeable Incompatibility?
215
Part II Recognition of Islamic Divorces in Europe
11
Introduction
219
12
Context: Migration
221
13
The Netherlands
223
13
Л
General Legal Framework
223
13.2
Articles
10:57,10:58,
and
10:59
BW: A General Overview
226
13.3
Recognition of Divorce Decisions: Article
10:57
BW
229
8.2.3
Divorce through the Involvement of Both Spouses
8.3
After Divorce
8.3.1
Waiting Period
8.3.2
Maintenance
8.3.3
Dower
8.3.4
Consolation Gift
(Muťa)
8.3.5
Indemnification
8.3.6
Provisions for Children
8.3.6.1
Custody
8.3.6.2
Guardianship
8.3.6.3
Maintenance
8.4
Assessment
9
Divorce in Pakistan
9.1
Introduction
9.2
Divorce
9.2.1
Divorce on the Initiative of the Husband
9.2.2
Divorce on the Initiative of the Wife
9.2.3
Divorce through Involvement of Both Spouses
9.3
After Divorce
9.3.1
Waiting Period
9.3.2
Maintenance
9.3.3
Dower
9Л.4
Remuneration
9.3.5
Provisions for Children
9.4
Assessment
Table of Contents
13.4
Article
10:57
BW: Broadening the Scope
232
13.5
Recognition of Divorce Exclusively by Unilateral Declaration of Either
Spouse: Article
10:58
BW
234
13.6
Public Policy Exception
241
13.7
Recognition of Repudiations in Dutch Legal Practice
244
13.7.1
Article
2
or Article
3
WCE?
244
13.7.2
Recognition of Repudiation-Based Divorces in Court
246
13.7.3
Hoge Raad
13
July
2001 248
13.7.4
Litigation Division of the Council of State
3
March
2010 250
13.7.5
Decisions of Courts after
Hoge Raad
13
July
2001 252
13.7.6
The Registrar and Recognition of Repudiation-Based Divorces
254
13.8
Article
10:57
BW and
Hoge Raad
13
July
2001
Revisited
256
13.8.1
Article
10:57
BW for Repudiations
256
13.8.2
Hoge Raad
13
July
2001:
Strikwerda s Legal Opinion
258
13.8.3
Hoge Raad
13
July
2001 258
13.8.4
Council of State
3
March
2010 261
13.9
Closing Remarks
264
14
England
267
14.1
General Legal Framework
267
14.2
Recognition of Overseas Divorces Obtained by Proceedings
269
14.2.1
Requirements
271
14.2.2
Extra-judicial Divorces Obtained by Proceedings
272
14.3
Recognition of Foreign Divorces Obtained without Proceedings
276
14.3.1
Requirements
277
14.4
Recognition of Transnational Divorces
278
14.4.1
Transnational Divorces with Proceedings
278
14.4.2
Transnational Divorces without Proceedings
281
14.5
Refusal of Recognition
281
14.5.1
Mandatory Grounds for Refusal
281
14.5.2
Discreţionar)1
Grounds for Refusal
282
14.6
Closing Remarks
288
15
France
291
15.1
General Legal Framework
292
15.2
Recognition of Divorce Judgments and Public Acts
294
15.2.1
Automatic Recognition
294
15.2.2
Requirements of International Regularity
295
15.2.3
Recognition of Egyptian and Moroccan Divorce Judgments
297
Xl
Table of Contents
15.3
Recognition of Repudiation-Based Divorces
15.3.1
A Variety of Approaches 300
15.3.2
The
2004
Turning Point 304
15.3.3
The
2004
Moroccan Divorce Law in the
Cour de
Cassation
309
15.4
Closing Remarks 312
16
Evaluation and Conclusion 315
16.1
Introduction 315
16.2
Evaluation 315
16.2.1
Frameworks for Assessment Compared 3
15
16.2.1.1
Comparison at the Macro Level
316
16.2.1.2
Comparison at the Micro Level
16.2.1.2.1
Criteria in the Netherlands
16.2.1.2.2
Criteria in England
319
16...1.2,3
Criteria in France 320
16.2.1.3
Comparison Criteria Repudiation-Based Divorces
321
16.2.1.3.1
Comparison Criteria Repudiation-Based Divorces after Proceed¬
ings
322
16.2.1.3.2
Comparison Criteria Repudiation-Based Divorces without Proceed¬
ings
324
16.2.1.3.3
Public Order
325
16.2.2
Issues of Understanding and Classification
325
16.2.2.1
Different Terminology
328
16.2.2.2
Discretion of Each Authority
329
16.2.3
Approach
330
16.3
Conclusion
332
Part III Managing Legal Diversity: Exploring Solutions for Its Shortcomings and
Restrictions
17
Introduction
339
18
The
EU
Context
341
18.1
Introduction
341
18.2
EU
Citizen or Third-Country National?
341
18.2.1
EU
Citizens
342
1
8.2
Л
Distinctions among Third-Country Nationals (TCNs)
342
18.2.2.1
Family Members of
EU
Citizens
344
18.2.2.2
Other Categories of TCNs
345
XII
Table of Contents
18.3
EU
Legislative Competences in
PIL
Matters
347
18.3.1
Internal Legislative Competence
348
18.3.1.1
Situation prior to the Treaty of Amsterdam
348
18.3.1.2
Situation since the Treaty of Amsterdam
349
18.3.1.3
Special Position Denmark, United Kingdom, and Ireland
353
18.3.1.4
Legislative Procedures
354
18.3.2
External Legislative Competence
355
19
Diversity of Recognition Policies within Europe
357
19.1
Why Diversity?
357
19.2
Harmful Consequences of the Diversity Illustrated
357
19.3
Continuity of Personal Status at Stake
359
20
How Can Legal Diversity Be Managed?
363
20.1
Legal Education, Trainings, Guidelines, and Manuals
363
20.2
Principles, Model Rules, or Model Law
364
20.2.1
CEFL Principles of European Family Law
365
20.2.2
Towards Principles on the Recognition of Third-State Divorces
365
20.3
Towards Mutual Recognition of Decisions of
EU
Member States on
the Recognition of Third-State Divorces
371
20.3.1
Introduction
371
20.3.2
The Principle of Mutual Recognition in ECJ Case Law
374
20.3.2.1
Cassis
de
Dijon: Its Origin
375
20.3.2.2
The Principle of Mutual Recognition and Free Movement of Persons
in Matters of Civil Status
379
20.3.2.2.1
Dafeki: Acceptance of Probative Value of Documents of Other Member
States
379
20.3.2.2.2
Garcia
Avello et al:
Mutual Recognition and Limping Names
381
20.3.2.3
Lessons to Be Learned from This Case Law
394
20.3.3
The Principle of Mutual Recognition: A Cornerstone of the Area of
Freedom, Security, and Justice
401
20.3.3.1
The Tampere, the Hague, and the Stockholm Programmes
401
20.3.3.2
The Green Paper
2010 404
20.3.3.3
The Proposal for a Regulation
2013 405
20.3.4
Brussels I, Brussels I Recast, and Brussels Il-bis
408
20.4
Towards Harmonization of Recognition of Non-EU Third-State
Divorces?
413
ХШ
Table of Contents
21
Conclusion
419
21.1
Shortcomings of the Differing National Recognition Policies
419
21.2
Relevance of the
EU
Context
420
21.3
Solutions
421
21.3.1
Soft Law Solutions
421
21.3.2
Hard Law Solutions
423
21.3.2.1
Mutual Recognition of Decisions of
EU
Member States on the Recog¬
nition of Third-State Divorces
423
21.3.2.2
Harmonization of Recognition of Third-State Divorces in the
EU
425
22
Conclusions and Recommendations
427
22.1
Diversity in Islamic Divorce Laws and Practices
427
22.2
Diversity in National Recognition Policies in Europe
428
22.3
Solutions for a Better Management of Legal Diversity in Europe
432
22.4
Research Questions
439
Bibliography
443
Internet sources (if not in footnotes)
467
Miscellaneous
470
Acknowledgements
473
Curriculum
Vitae
477
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Kruiniger, Pauline 1965- |
author_GND | (DE-588)1074717317 |
author_facet | Kruiniger, Pauline 1965- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Kruiniger, Pauline 1965- |
author_variant | p k pk |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV042268505 |
classification_rvk | PT 319 PU 1534 PU 8200 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)903170621 (DE-599)BVBBV042268505 |
discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
format | Thesis Book |
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genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
geographic | Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd Islamische Staaten (DE-588)4073172-8 gnd |
geographic_facet | Europa Islamische Staaten |
id | DE-604.BV042268505 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:16:54Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9789462365018 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027706979 |
oclc_num | 903170621 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 DE-188 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-29 |
owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 DE-188 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-29 |
physical | XX, 477 S. Ill. 24 cm |
publishDate | 2015 |
publishDateSearch | 2015 |
publishDateSort | 2015 |
publisher | Eleven Internat. Publ. |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Kruiniger, Pauline 1965- Verfasser (DE-588)1074717317 aut Islamic divorces in Europe bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders Pauline Kruiniger The Hague Eleven Internat. Publ. 2015 XX, 477 S. Ill. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zugl.: Maastricht, Univ., Diss., 2014 Urteilsanerkennung (DE-588)4062178-9 gnd rswk-swf Ehescheidungsrecht (DE-588)4070670-9 gnd rswk-swf Ehescheidung (DE-588)4013656-5 gnd rswk-swf Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd rswk-swf Islamische Staaten (DE-588)4073172-8 gnd rswk-swf aDivorce (Islamic law) aDivorce (Islamic law)zEurope aConflict of lawsxDivorcezEurope aDivorcexLaw and legislationzEurope aDivorcexLaw and legislationzIslamic countries (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 g Urteilsanerkennung (DE-588)4062178-9 s Islamische Staaten (DE-588)4073172-8 g Ehescheidung (DE-588)4013656-5 s Ehescheidungsrecht (DE-588)4070670-9 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027706979&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Kruiniger, Pauline 1965- Islamic divorces in Europe bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders Urteilsanerkennung (DE-588)4062178-9 gnd Ehescheidungsrecht (DE-588)4070670-9 gnd Ehescheidung (DE-588)4013656-5 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4062178-9 (DE-588)4070670-9 (DE-588)4013656-5 (DE-588)4015701-5 (DE-588)4073172-8 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
title | Islamic divorces in Europe bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders |
title_auth | Islamic divorces in Europe bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders |
title_exact_search | Islamic divorces in Europe bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders |
title_full | Islamic divorces in Europe bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders Pauline Kruiniger |
title_fullStr | Islamic divorces in Europe bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders Pauline Kruiniger |
title_full_unstemmed | Islamic divorces in Europe bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders Pauline Kruiniger |
title_short | Islamic divorces in Europe |
title_sort | islamic divorces in europe bridging the gap between european and islamic legal orders |
title_sub | bridging the gap between European and Islamic legal orders |
topic | Urteilsanerkennung (DE-588)4062178-9 gnd Ehescheidungsrecht (DE-588)4070670-9 gnd Ehescheidung (DE-588)4013656-5 gnd |
topic_facet | Urteilsanerkennung Ehescheidungsrecht Ehescheidung Europa Islamische Staaten Hochschulschrift |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027706979&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kruinigerpauline islamicdivorcesineuropebridgingthegapbetweeneuropeanandislamiclegalorders |