Human geography: a concise introduction
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Hoboken, NJ
Wiley-Blackwell
2015
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XXVI, 318 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9781118451502 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | HUMAN GEOGRAPHYa conce Introduction
In this textbook, Mark Boyle combines his broad and deep understanding of the discipline of Human
Geography with his great passion and enthusiasm for education and teaching. With the
student in mind, he has delivered a concise yet complete overview of what Human Geography is all
about. Students who want to grasp the contemporary global political turmoil have to read this intro-
duction to Human Geography.
Guy Baeten, Lund University
An excellent textbook for introductory courses in Human Geography. The thematic and historical
organization is a most welcome change from the usual subdisciplinary frameworks.
1 Patricia Wood, York University, Toronto
Using the story of the West and the world as its backdrop, this book provides for beginning
students a clear and concise introduction to Human Geography, including its key concepts,
seminal thinkers and their theories, contemporary debates, and celebrated case studies.
Mark Boyle, a respected academic with more than 20 years experience researching and teaching
the subject, explores the significance of the rise, reign, and faltering of the West from the fifteenth
century in the shaping of the key demographic, environmental, social, economic, political, and
cultural processes active in the world today. He documents important thinkers, debates, and
theories in an accessible manner, and includes a rich variety of case studies examining the ways
in which geographical processes operate in both Western and non-Western societies, including
those in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
The book is armed with an array of pedagogical resources, including learning objectives, essay
questions, checklists summarizing key ideas, guidance for further reading, and a glossary. A
website at www.wiley.com/go/boyle includes chapter-by-chapter PowerPoint slides, a multiple
choice exam paper, and additional essay-style exam questions for instructors, alongside links
to further learning resources, tutorial exercises, and biographies of key authors in the field
for students.
MARK BOYLE is Professor and Chair of Geography at the National University of Ireland,
Maynooth. He has taught introductory and advanced courses in Human Geography for more
than 20 years. He has also researched and published widely in the fields of colonialism and
postcolonialism, migration, diaspora and development, and urban and regional development.
Contents
List of Figures xiii
List of Piates xv
List of Maps xvi
List ofTables xvii
Acknowledgements xviii
Preface xxi
1 A Concise Introduction to Human Geography 1
Chapter Learning Objectives 1
Introduction 2
Becoming Conscious of Your Geographical Imagination 2
What is Human Geography? 4
The Rise, Reign, and Faltering of Western Civilization
from the Fifteenth Century in the Making of the Modern World 6
How to Read This Book 12
Conclusion 15
Checklist of Key Ideas 16
Chapter Essay Questions 16
References 16
Guidance for Further Reading 17
2 Human Geography: A Brief History 19
Chapter Learning Objectives 19
Introduction 20
A Framework for Studying the History of Geography 20
Human Geography in the Premodern Era 22
Human Geography in the Modern Era 24
Early modern period 25
Modern period 26
Late modern period 29
viii Contents
Human Geography in the Postmodern Era
Postmodern Human Geography
Human Geography and Big Data
Conclusion
Checklist of Key Ideas
Chapter Essay Questions
References
Guidance for Further Reading
33
33
35
37
37
38
39
39
3 Watersheds in Human History:
Humanity’s Triumph over Nature?
Chapter Learning Objectives
Introduction
First Watershed: The Origins of the Human Species
Second Watershed: First Migrations and the Peopling of the Planet
Third Watershed: The Development of Human Culture
and Invention of Settled Agriculture
Fourth Watershed: The Rise and Fall of Civilizations
Great civilizations in world history
Why do civilizations rise and fall?
Environmental History and the Rise of the West
from the Tenth Century bce
Conclusion
Checklist of Key Ideas
Chapter Essay Questions
References
Guidance for Further Reading
41
41
42
43
46
49
55
55
57
61
64
65
66
66
67
4 An Unequal but Changing World: Geographies
of the World Capitalist Economy
Chapter Learning Objectives
Introduction
An Unequal but Changing World
The Old International Division of Labor (OIDL):
Wallerstein’s World-Systems Analysis
Crises in the Core: The 1970s as aTurning Point in World History?
Two Responses to Crises in the Core
The New International Division of Labor (N1DL)
The post-Fordist economy
Three Emerging Economic Spaces: Consolidating the Core or
Rebalancing in Favor of the Semi-periphery and Periphery?
World cities
High-technology clusters
The Tiger economies of Southeast Asia
The Future of the Ultra-periphery: The UNDP Millennium
Development Goals
68
69
69
70
72
78
81
81
82
84
84
87
88
91
Contents ix
Conclusion 94
Checklist of Key Ideas 95
Chapter Essay Questions 95
References 96
Guidance for Further Reading 96
5 The Rise and Fall of Great Powers:
Nation States, Empires, and Geopolitics 98
Chapter Learning Objectives 98
Introduction 99
The Political Geography of Rule 99
The ideas of the sovereign state nations, and nation states 99
The demise of the nation state and rise of a new era of
multilevel governance 103
Geopolitics and International Relations 107
The rise and fall of European empires 107
The European colonial (mis) adventure in Africa 113
The Cold War 118
The clash of civilizations? 124
Conclusion 129
Checklist of Key Ideas 129
Chapter Essay Questions 130
References 131
Guidance for Further Reading 131
6 The West in the Cultural Landscape: On Civilized
Spaces and Unruly Places 133
Chapter Learning Objectives 133
Introduction 134
Culture in the Rise of the West 134
A brief introduction to Western culture 134
Ferguson ys “cultural” explanation for the rise of the West 136
Cultural Geography and the Study of Western Culture 139
New Cultural Geography and the myth that West is best 139
The West in the cultural landscape 142
Civilizing Missions and Culture Wars: Civilized Spaces
and Unruly Places 142
Spaces of utopia and dystopia in the Western imagination 142
One-dimensional space: the West s identikit worlds 148
The Western frontier and places beyond the pale 149
Conclusion 155
Checklist of Key Ideas 155
Chapter Essay Questions 156
References 156
Guidance for Further Reading 157
158
i 58
i 59
160
162
164
164
165
168
168
174
175
175
176
179
184
185
185
186
186
188
188
189
189
197
198
205
211
211
212
212
213
215
216
216
217
218
218
219
220
222
Contents
The Modern Rise in World Population from 1750
Chapter Learning Objectives
Introduction
Origins of the Demographic Transition Model
Stages in the Demographic Transition Model
Geography of Demographic Transitions
Demographic transitions in history
Demographic transitions yet to unfold
The Demographic Transition Model and Mortality Decline
Explaining mortality decline
Policies for improved global health
The Demographic Transition Model and Fertility Decline
Explaining fertility decline
Policies for lowering and increasing fertility levels
Demographic Transition: The Case of China from 1949
Conclusion
Checklist of Key Ideas
Chapter Essay Questions
References
Guidance for Further Reading
A Planet in Distress? Humanity’s War on the Earth
Chapter Learning Objectives
Introduction
Population Pessimists:The Earth’s Carrying Capacity,
Overshoot, and Collapse
Population Optimists: Population, the Ultimate Resource
Population Neutralists: Political Ecology, Society, and Nature
Climate Change: The Battleground for the Twenty-First Century?
Conclusion
Checklist of Key Ideas
Chapter Essay Questions
References
Guidance for Further Reading
Homo Urbānus: Urbanization and Urban
Form from 1800
Chapter Learning Objectives
Introduction
Capitalism and the Urbanization of the Surface of the Earth
Urbanization and Urban Form: The Nineteenth- and
Twentieth-Century Industrial City
This rise of homo urbanus in Europe from 1800
Capitalism and the emergence of the industrial city
Modeling the form of the industrial city
Voices of Decline: the death of the industrial city?
xi
225
226
228
230
232
233
236
237
237
238
238
240
240
241
241
244
247
247
250
250
251
258
262
263
263
264
264
266
266
267
268
270
273
276
276
283
289
289
290
290
291
Contents
Toward a New Era of Planetary Urbanization
Urbanization trends 1950—2050
Los Angeles: our postmetropolis future?
Megalopolis: the rise of urban galaxies?
Planet of slums: megacities in the Global South
The Chinese Experience of Urbanization
Conclusion
Checklist of Key Ideas
Chapter Essay Questions
References
Guidance for Further Reading
Global Migration: Moving, Settling, Staying
Connected
Chapter Learning Objectives
Introduction
Great Diasporas in Human History
International Migration Today
Global South to Global South
Global South to Global North
Global North to Global North
Global North to Global South
Assimilating and Integrating into Host Societies
The Impacts of Migration on Sending States and Host Countries
Conclusion
Checklist of Key Ideas
Chapter Essay Questions
References
Guidance for Further Reading
At Risk: Society and Natural Hazards
Chapter Learning Objectives
Introduction
Gilbert White: Pioneering Human Geographical
Interest in Natural Hazards
There is Nothing Natural about Natural Disasters:
Risk — Exposure x Vulnerability (R = E xV)
Mapping the World at Risk
Toward a Safer Future: Resilience, Transition, and Transformation
Hazards and their impacts 1900—2011
The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005—2015
Conclusion
Checklist of Key Ideas
Chapter Essay Questions
References
Guidance for Further Reading
xii Contents
12 Toward a Postcolonial Human Geography 292
Chapter Learning Objectives 292
Introduction · 93
Explanation in Human Geography: Four Stories of theWcsi
and the World 394
Toward a Postcolonial Human Geography 397
Conclusion 299
Checklist of Key Ideas 300
Chapter Essay Questions 300
References 300
Guidance for Further Reading 301
Glossary
List of Abbreviations
Index
302
312
314
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