Verfügbarkeit: Understanding biology

Understanding biology:

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Mason, Kenneth A. (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	New York McGraw Hill 2015
Schlagworte:	Biology
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	Includes index
Beschreibung:	XXIV, 989, I-24 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 29 cm
ISBN:	9780073532295

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Titel: Understanding biology Autor: Mason, Kenneth A Jahr: 2015 Learning Path to Understanding Biology v Guide Your Students Along the Learning Path xii PART II Biology of the Cell 66 PART I The Molecular Basis of Life 1 1 The Science of Biology 1 Concept 1.1 The Diversity of Life Is Overwhelming 2 Concept 1.2 Biology Is the Science of Life 3 Concept 1.3 Science Is Based on Both Observation and Reason 6 Concept 1.4 The Study of Evolution Is a Good Example of Scientific Inquiry 9 Concept 1.5 A Few Important Ideas Form the Core of Biology 14 Inquiry Analysis 17 Retracing the Learning Path 18 Assessing the Learning Path 19 2 The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water 21 Concept 2.1 All Matter Is Composed of Atoms 22 Concept 2.2 The Elements in Living Systems Have Low Atomic Masses 25 Concept 2.3 Molecules Are Collections of Atoms Held Together by Chemical Bonds 27 Concept 2.4 The Properties of Water Result from Its Polar Nature 30 Concept 2.5 Water Molecules Can Dissociate into Ions 34 Inquiry Analysis 36 Retracing the Learning Path 37 Assessing the Learning Path 38 3 The Chemical Building Blocks of Life 40 Concept 3.1 Carbon Provides the Framework of Biological Molecules 41 Concept 3.2 Carbohydrates Form Both Structural and Energy-Storing Molecules 43 Concept 3.3 Proteins Are the Tools of the Cell 47 Concept 3.4 Nucleic Acids Store and Express Genetic Information 55 Concept 3.5 Hydrophobic Lipids Form Fats and Membranes 58 Inquiry Analysis 61 Retracing the Learning Path 62 Assessing the Learning Path 63 4 Cell Structure 66 Concept 4.1 All Living Organisms Are Composed of Cells 67 Concept 4.2 Prokaryotic Cells Lack Interior Organization 70 Concept 4.3 Eukaryotic Cells Are Highly Compartmentalized 72 Concept 4.4 Membranes Organize the Cell Interior into Functional Compartments 76 Concept 4.5 Mitochondria and Chloroplasts Are Energy- Processing Organelles 80 Concept 4.6 An Internal Skeleton Supports the Shape of Cells 82 Concept 4.7 Extracellular Structures Protect Cells 85 Concept 4.8 Cell-to-Cell Connections Determine How Adjacent Cells Interact 86 Inquiry Analysis 90 Retracing the Learning Path 91 Assessing the Learning Path 92 5 Membranes 94 Concept 5.1 Membranes Are Lipid Sheets with Proteins Embedded in Them 95 Concept 5.2 Phospholipids Provide a Membrane s Structural Foundation 98 Concept 5.3 Membrane Proteins Enable a Broad Range of Interactions with the Environment 99 Concept 5.4 Passive Transport Moves Molecules Across Membranes by Diffusion 101 Concept 5.5 Active Transport Across Membranes Requires Energy 105 Concept 5.6 Bulky Materials Cross Membranes Within Vesicles 108 Inquiry Analysis 111 Retracing the Learning Path 112 Assessing the Learning Path 113 6 Energy and Metabolism 115 Concept 6.1 Energy Flows Through Living Systems 116 Concept 6.2 The Laws of Thermodynamics Govern All Energy Changes 117 Concept 6.3 ATP Is the Energy Currency of Cells 119 Concept 6.4 Enzymes Speed Chemical Reactions by Lowering Activation Energy 121 Concept 6.5 Metabolism Is the Sum of a Cell s Chemical Activities 125 Inquiry Analysis 127 Retracing the Learning Path 128 Assessing the Learning Path 129 7 How Cells Harvest Energy 131 Concept 7.1 Cells Harvest Energy from Organic Compounds by Oxidation 132 Concept 7.2 Glycolysis Splits Glucose and Yields a Small Amount of Energy 136 Concept 7.3 The Krebs Cycle Is the Oxidative Core of Cellular Respiration 139 Concept 7.4 Electrons Harvested by Oxidation Pass Along an Electron Transport Chain 142 Concept 7.5 The Energy Yield of Aerobic Oxidation Far Exceeds That of Glycolysis 146 Concept 7.6 Aerobic Respiration Is Regulated by Feedback Inhibition 147 Concept 7.7 Oxidation Can Occur Without 02 148 Concept 7.8 Carbohydrates Are Not the Only Energy Source of Heterotrophs 149 Inquiry Analysis 152 Retracing the Learning Path 153 Assessing the Learning Path 154 8 Photosynthesis 156 Concept 8.1 Photosynthesis Uses Sunlight to Power the Synthesis of Organic Molecules 157 Concept 8.2 Experiments Revealed That Photosynthesis Is a Chemical Process 159 Concept 8.3 Pigments Capture Energy from Sunlight 160 Concept 8.4 Photosynthetic Pigments Are Organized into Photosystems 163 Concept 8.5 Energy from Sunlight Is Used to Produce a Proton Gradient 165 Concept 8.6 Using ATP and NADPH from the Light Reactions, C02 Is Incorporated into Organic Molecules 171 Concept 8.7 Photorespiration Short-Circuits Photosynthesis 172 Inquiry Analysis 175 Retracing the Learning Path 176 Assessing the Learning Path 177 9 Cell Communication 179 Concept 9.1 The Cells of Multicellular Organisms Communicate 180 Concept 9.2 Signal Transduction Begins with Cellular Receptors 182 Concept 9.3 Intracellular Receptors Respond to Signals by Regulating Gene Expression 184 Concept 9.4 Protein Kinase Receptors Respond to Signals by Phosphorylating Proteins 185 Concept 9.5 G Protein-Coupled Receptors Respond to Signals Through Effector Proteins 189 10 How Cells Divide 198 Concept 10.1 Bacterial Cell Division Is Clonal 199 Concept 10.2 Eukaryotes Have Large Linear Chromosomes 200 Concept 10.3 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Is Complex and Highly Organized 203 Concept 10.4 During Interphase, Cells Grow and Prepare for Mitosis 204 Concept 10.5 In Mitosis, Chromosomes Segregate 206 Concept 10.6 Events of the Cell Cycle Are Carefully Regulated 210 Cancer Is a Failure of Cell Cycle Control 214 Concept 10.7 Inquiry Analysis 217 Retracing the Learning Path Assessing the Learning Path 213 219 PART III Genetic and Molecular Biology 222 11 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis 222 Concept 11.1 Sexual Reproduction Requires Meiosis 223 Concept 11.2 Meiosis Features Two Divisions with One Round of DNA Replication 224 Concept 11.3 The Process of Meiosis Involves Intimate Interactions Between HomoJogues 225 Concept 11.4 Meiosis Has Four Distinct Features 230 Concept 11.5 Genetic Variation Is the Evolutionary Consequence of Sex 232 Inquiry Analysis 234 Retracing the Learning Path 235 Assessing the Learning Path 236 12 Patterns of Inheritance 238 Concept 12.1 Concept 12.2 Inquiry Analysis 194 Retracing the Learning Path 195 Assessing the Learning Path 196 Experiments Carried Out by Mendel Explain Heredity 239 Mendel s Principle of Segregation Accounts for 3:1 Phenotypic Ratios 241 Concept 12.3 Mendel s Principle of Independent Assortment Asserts That Genes Segregate Independently 245 Concept 12.4 Probability Allows Us to Predict the Results of Crosses 246 Concept 12.5 Genotype Dictates Phenotype by Specifying Protein Sequences 248 Concept 12.6 Extending Mendel s Model Provides a Clearer View of Genetics in Action 249 Inquiry Analysis 255 Retracing the Learning Path 256 Assessing the Learning Path 257 13 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 259 Concept I3.I Chromosomes Are the Vehicles of Mendelian Inheritance 260 Concept 13.2 Assortment of Some Genes Is Not Independent: Linkage 263 Concept 13.3 Genetic Crosses Provide Data for Genetic Maps 265 Concept 13.4 Changes in Chromosome Number Can Have Drastic Effects 267 Concept 13.5 Chromosomal Inheritance in Humans Is Studied by Analyzing Pedigrees 268 Concept 13.6 There Are Two Major Exceptions to Chromosomal Inheritance 273 Inquiry Analysis 276 Retracing the Learning Path 277 Assessing the Learning Path 278 14 DNA: The Genetic Material 280 Concept 14.1 DNA Is the Genetic Material 281 Concept 14.2 The DNA Molecule Is a Double Helix 283 Concept 14.3 Both Strands Are Copied During DNA Replication 287 Concept 14.4 Prokaryotes Organize the Enzymes Used to Duplicate DNA 290 Concept 14.5 Eukaryotic Chromosomes Are Large and Linear 295 Concept 14.6 Cells Repair Damaged DNA 297 Inquiry Analysis 300 Retracing the Learning Path 301 Assessing the Learning Path 302 15 Genes and How They Work 304 Concept 15.1 Experiments Have Revealed the Nature of Genes 305 Concept 15.2 The Genetic Code Relates Information in DNA and Protein 308 Concept 15.3 Prokaryotes Exhibit All the Basic Features of Transcription 310 Concept 15.4 Eukaryotes Use Three Polymerases, and Extensively Modify Transcripts 313 Concept 15.5 Eukaryotic Genes May Contain Noncoding Sequences 315 Concept 15.6 The Ribosome Is the Machine of Protein Synthesis 317 Concept 15.7 The Process of Translation Is Complex and Energy- Expensive 320 Concept 15.8 Mutations Are Alterations in the Sequence, Number, or Position of Genes 325 Inquiry Analysis 328 Retracing the Learning Path 329 Assessing the Learning Path 330 16 Control of Gene Expression 332 Concept 16.1 All Organisms Control Expression of Their Genes 333 Concept 16.2 Regulatory Proteins Control Genes by Interacting with Specific DNA Nucleotide Sequences 334 Concept 16.3 Prokaryotes Regulate Their Genes in Clusters 336 Concept 16.4 Transcription Factors Control Gene Transcription in Eukaryotes 341 Concept 16.5 Eukaryotic DNA Is Packaged into Chromatin 344 Concept 16.6 Eukaryotic Genes Are Also Regulated After Transcription 345 Concept 16.7 Gene Regulation Determines How Cells Will Develop 351 Inquiry Analysis 354 Retracing the Learning Path 355 Assessing the Learning Path 356 17 Biotechnology 358 Concept 17.1 Enzymes Can Be Used to Manipulate DNA 359 Concept 17.2 Molecular Cloning Allows Propagation of Specific Gene Sequences 362 Concept 17.3 Analysis of Molecular Clones Is an Essential Tool of Modern Biology 365 Concept 17.4 Molecular Clones Can Be Used to Genetically Engineer Cells 373 Concept 17.5 Applications of Genetic Engineering Include Major Medical Advances 375 Concept 17.6 Genetically Engineered Plants and Animals Are Revolutionizing Agriculture 377 Inquiry Analysis 383 Retracing the Learning Path 384 Assessing the Learning Path 385 18 Genomics 387 Concept 18.1 The Challenge in Mapping Genomes Is to Order Many Segments 388 Concept 18.2 Sequencing Large Genomes Is an Automated Process 388 Concept 18.3 Sequencing the Human Genome Has Revealed Many Surprises 391 Concept 18.4 Microarrays Allow Comparisons of Genomes of Individuals 393 Concept 18.5 Comparing Genomes Reveals Evolutionary History 395 Concept 18.6 Proteomics Is the Study of All Proteins Encoded by a Genome 399 Concept 18.7 Genomics Has Important Applications 400 Inquiry Analysis 402 Retracing the Learning Path 403 Assessing the Learning Path 404 PART IV Evolution 407 PART PART The Diversity of Life 475 19 Genes Within Populations 407 Concept 19.1 Natural Populations Exhibit Genetic Variation 408 Concept 19.2 Frequencies of Alleles Can Change 410 Concept 19.3 Five Agents Are Responsible for Evolutionary Change 412 Concept 19.4 Selection Can Act on Traits Affected by Many Genes 417 Concept 19.5 Natural Selection Can Be Studied Experimentally 419 Concept 19.6 Fitness Is a Measure of Evolutionary Success 421 Concept 19.7 Interacting Evolutionary Forces Maintain Variation 421 Inquiry Analysis 425 Retracing the Learning Path 426 Assessing the Learning Path 427 20 The Evidence for Evolution 429 Concept 20.1 The Beaks of Darwin s Finches Provide Evidence of Evolution 430 Concept 20.2 Peppered Moths and Industrial Melanism Illustrate Natural Selection in Action 433 Concept 20.3 Human-Initiated Artificial Selection Is Also a Powerful Agent of Change 435 Concept 20.4 Fossils Provide Direct Evidence of Evolution 437 Concept 20.5 Anatomical Evidence for Evolution Is Extensive and Persuasive 440 Concept 20.6 Genes Carry a Molecular Record of the Evolutionary Past 443 Concept 20.7 Natural Selection Favors Convergent Evolution in Similar Environments 444 Concept 20.8 Critics of Evolution Raise a Variety of Objections to Darwin s Theory 446 Inquiry Analysis 448 Retracing the Learning Path 449 Assessing the Learning Path 450 21 The Origin of Species 452 Concept 21.1 The Biological Species Concept Highlights Reproductive Isolation 453 Concept 21.2 Natural Selection May Reinforce Reproductive Isolation 458 Concept 21.3 Natural Selection and Genetic Drift Play Key Roles in Speciation 459 Concept 21.4 Speciation Is Influenced by Geography 460 Concept 21.5 Adaptive Radiation Requires Both Speciation and Habitat Diversity 462 Concept 21.6 The Pace of Evolution Varies 467 Concept 21.7 Speciation and Extinction Have Molded Biodiversity Through Time 468 Inquiry Analysis 470 Retracing the Learning Path 471 Assessing the Learning Path 472 22 Sysfematics and Phylogeny 475 Concept 22.1 Systematics Reconstructs Evolutionary Relationships 476 Concept 22.2 Cladistics Focuses on Traits Derived from a Common Ancestor 477 Concept 22.3 Classification Is a Labeling Process, Not an Evolutionary Reconstruction 481 Concept 22.4 Taxonomy Attempts to Classify Organisms in an Evolutionary Context 484 The Largest Taxons Are Domains 486 Concept 22.5 Inquiry Analysis 491 Retracing the Learning Path Assessing the Learning Path 492 493 23 Prokaryotes and Viruses 495 Concept 23.1 Prokaryotes Are the Most Ancient Organisms 496 Concept 23.2 Concept 23.3 Prokaryotes Have an Organized but Simple Structure 499 The Genetics of Prokaryotes Focuses on DNA Transfer 503 Prokaryotic Metabolism Is Quite Diverse 507 Bacteria Cause Important Human Diseases 508 Viruses Are Not Organisms 509 Bacterial Viruses Infect by DNA Injection 511 Animal Viruses Infect by Endocytosis 513 517 518 Concept 23.4 Concept 23.5 Concept 23.6 Concept 23.7 Concept 23.8 Inquiry Analysis 516 Retracing the Learning Path Assessing the Learning Path 24 Protists 520 Concept 24.1 Protists, the First Eukaryotes, Arose by Endosymbiosis 521 Concept 24.2 Biologically, Protists Are a Very Diverse Group Concept 24.3 The Rough Outlines of Protist Phylogeny Are Becoming Clearer 525 Concept 24.4 Excavata Are Flagellated Protists Lacking Mitochondria 526 Concept 24.5 Chromalveolata Seem to Have Originated by Secondary Symbiosis 529 Concept 24.6 Rhizaria Have Silicon Exoskeletons or Limestone Shells 535 Concept 24.7 Archaeplastida Are Descended from a Single Endosymbiosis Event 536 Concept 24.8 Amoebozoa and Opisthokonta Are Closely Related 539 523 Inquiry Analysis 542 Retracing the Learning Path 543 Assessing the Learning Path 544 25 Fungi 546 Concept 25.1 Fungi Are Unlike Any Other Multicellular Organism 547 Concept 25.2 Fungi Are Taxonomically Diverse 550 Concept 25.3 Microsporidia Are Unicellular Parasites 550 Concept 25.4 Chytrids Have Flagellated Zoospores 551 Concept 25.5 Zygomycota Produce Zygotes 553 Concept 25.6 Glomeromycota Are Asexual Plant Symbionts 554 Concept 25.7 Basidiomycota Are the Mushroom Fungi 555 Concept 25.8 Ascomycota Are the Most Diverse Phyla of Fungi 556 Concept 25.9 Fungi Have an Enormous Ecological Impact 558 Concept 25.10 Fungi Are Important Plant and Animal Pathogens 561 Inquiry Analysis 562 Retracing the Learning Path 563 Assessing the Learning Path 564 26 plants 566 Concept 26.1 Plants Are Multicellular Terrestrial Autotrophs with Embryos 567 Concept 26.2 Bryophytes Have a Dominant Gametophyte Generation 569 Concept 26.3 Vascular Plants Evolved Roots, Stems, and Leaves 572 Concept 26.4 Lycophytes Have a Dominant Sporophyte Generation 574 Concept 26.5 Pterophytes Are Ferns and Their Relatives 574 Concept 26.6 Seed Plants Were a Key Step In Plant Evolution 578 Gymnosperms Are Plants with Naked Seeds Angiosperms Are Flowering Plants 582 28 Vertebrates 621 Concept 26.7 Concept 26.8 Inquiry Analysis 586 Retracing the Learning Path Assessing the Learning Path 578 587 588 27 Animal Diversity 590 Concept 27.1 The Diversity of Animal Body Plans Arose by a Series of Evolutionary Innovations 591 Concept 27.2 Molecular Data Are Clarifying the Animal Phylogenetic Tree 596 Concept 27.3 True Tissue Evolved in Simple Animals 600 Concept 27.4 Platyzoans Are Very Simple Bilaterians 602 Concept 27.5 Mollusks and Annelids Are the Largest Groups of Lophotrochozoans 604 Concept 27.6 Lophophorates Are Very Simple Marine Organisms 608 Concept 27.7 Nematodes and Arthropods Are both Large Groups ofEcdysozoans 609 Concept 27.8 Deuterostomes Are Composed of Echinoderms and Chordates 614 Inquiry Analysis 617 Retracing the Learning Path 618 Assessing the Learning Path 619 Concept 28.1 Nonvertebrate Chordates Do Not Form Bone 622 Concept 28.2 Almost All Chordates Are Vertebrates 623 Concept 28.3 Fishes Are the Earliest and Most Diverse Vertebrates 624 Concept 28.4 Amphibians Were the First Terrestrial Vertebrates 628 Concept 28.5 Reptiles Fully Adapt to Terrestrial Living 630 Concept 28.6 Birds Are Essentially Flying Reptiles 634 Concept 28.7 Mammals Are the Least Diverse of Vertebrates 637 Concept 28.8 Primates Are the Mammals That Gave Rise to Humans 641 Inquiry Analysis 647 Retracing the Learning Path 648 Assessing the Learning Path 649 PART VI Plant Form and Function 652 29 Plant Form 652 Concept 29.1 Vascular Systems in Stems Connect Plant Roots with Leaves 653 Concept 29.2 Plants Contain Three Principal Tissues 656 Concept 29.3 Roots Have Four Growth Zones 661 Concept 29.4 Stems Provide Support for Aboveground Organs 666 Leaves Are a Plant s Photosynthetic Organs 670 Concept 29.5 Inquiry Analysis 673 Retracing the Learning Path Assessing the Learning Path 674 675 30 Plant Reproduction 677 Concept 30.1 Angiosperm Reproduction Starts with Flowering 678 Concept 30.2 Flowers Exist to Attract Pollinators 681 Concept 30.3 Embryo Development Begins as Soon as the Egg Is Fertilized 686 Concept 30.4 Concept 30.5 Concept 30.6 Concept 30.7 Concept 30.8 Seeds Protect Angiosperm Embryos 688 Fruits Ensure Widespread Seed Dispersal 691 Germination Begins Seedling Growth 692 Plant Life Spans Vary Widely 694 Asexual Reproduction Is Common Among Flowering Plants 696 Inquiry Analysis 698 Retracing the Learning Path 699 Assessing the Learning Path 700 31 The Living Plant 702 Concept 31.1 Movement of Materials Through a Plant Is Controlled by Water Transport 703 Concept 31.2 Water and Minerals Are Absorbed Through a Plant s Roots 706 Concept 31.3 Xylem Transports Water from Root to Shoot 709 Concept 31.4 Plants Adjust the Rate of Transpiration to Match the Weather 710 Concept 31.5 Plants Are Adapted to Water Stress 712 Concept 31.6 Phloem Transports Organic Molecules 713 Concept 31.7 Plants Require a Variety of Nutrients 715 Concept 31.8 Plant Growth Is Responsive to Light 716 Concept 31.9 Plant Growth Is Sensitive to Gravity 720 Concept 31.10 Plants Use Hormones to Coordinate Growth 722 Inquiry Analysis 727 Retracing the Learning Path 728 Assessing the Learning Path 729 PART VII Animal Form and Function 732 32 The Animal Body and How If Moves 732 Concept 32.1 The Vertebrate Body Has a Hierarchical Organization 733 Concept 32.2 Epithelial Tissue Forms Barriers Within the Body 735 Concept 32.3 Nerve Tissue Conducts Signals Rapidly 736 Concept 32.4 Connective Tissue Supports the Body 737 Concept 32.5 Muscle Tissue Powers the Body s Movements 738 Concept 32.6 Skeletal Systems Anchor the Body s Muscles 740 Concept 32.7 Vertebrate Endoskeletons Are Made of Bone 742 Concept 32.8 Muscles Contract Because Their Myofilaments Shorten 745 Concept 32.9 Animal Locomotion Takes Many Forms 749 Inquiry Analysis 752 Retracing the Learning Path 753 Assessing the Learning Path 754 33 The Nervous System 756 Concept 33.1 The Nervous System Directs the Body s Actions 757 Concept 33.2 Neurons Maintain a Resting Potential Across the Plasma Membrane 758 Concept 33.3 Action Potentials Propagate Nerve Impulses 760 Concept 33.4 Synapses Are Where Neurons Communicate with Other Cells 762 Concept 33.5 The Central Nervous System Includes the Brain and Spinal Cord 765 Concept 33.6 The Peripheral Nervous System Consists of Both Sensory and Motor Neurons 768 Concept 33.7 Sensory Receptors Provide Information About the Body s Environment 769 Concept 33.8 Mechanoreceptors Sense Touch and Pressure 770 Concept 33.9 Sounds and Body Position Are Sensed by Vibration Detectors 771 Concept 33.10 Taste, Smell, and pH Senses Utilize Chemoreceptors 774 Concept 33.11 Vision Employs Photoreceptors to Perceive Objects at a Distance 775 Inquiry Analysis 780 Retracing the Learning Path 781 Assessing the Learning Path 782 34 Fueling the Body s Metabolism 784 Concept 34.1 Vertebrate Digestive Systems Are Tubular Tracts 785 Concept 34.2 Food Is Processed as It Passes Through the Digestive Tract 786 Concept 34.3 The Digestive Tract Is Regulated by the Nervous System and Hormones 791 Concept 34.4 Respiratory Systems Promote Efficient Exchange of Gases 792 Concept 34.5 Gills Provide for Efficient Gas Exchange in Water 793 Concept 34.6 Lungs Are the Respiratory Organs of Terrestrial Vertebrates 795 Concept 34.7 Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Are Transported by Fundamentally Different Mechanisms 799 Concept 34.8 Circulating Blood Carries Metabolites and Gases to the Tissues 801 Concept 34.9 Vertebrate Circulatory Systems Put a Premium on Efficient Circulation 803 Concept 34.10 The Four Chambers of the Heart Contract in a Cycle 806 Concept 34.11 The Circulatory Highway Is Composed of Arteries, Capillaries, and Veins 808 Retracing the Learning Path 811 Inquiry Analysis 812 Assessing the Learning Path 813 35 Maintaining Homeostasis 816 Concept 35.1 Homeostasis Maintains a Constant Internal Environment 817 Concept 35.2 Hormones Are Chemical Messages That Direct Body Processes 821 Concept 35.3 The Pituitary and Hypothalamus Are the Body s Control Centers 825 Concept 35.4 Peripheral Endocrine Glands Play Major Roles in Maintaining Homeostasis 828 Concept 35.5 Animals Are Osmoconformers or Osmoregulators 832 Concept 35.6 The Kidney Maintains Osmotic Homeostasis in Mammals 833 Concept 35.7 Hormones Control Osmoregulation 838 Concept 35.8 The Immune System Defends the Body 839 Concept 35.9 Cell-Mediated Immunity Involves Helper and Killer T Cells 844 Concept 35.10 In Humoral Immunity, B Cells Produce Protective Antibodies 846 Inquiry Analysis 850 Retracing the Learning Path 851 Assessing the Learning Path 852 36 Reproduction and Development 854 Concept 36.1 Mammals Are Viviparous 855 Concept 36.2 The Human Male Reproductive System Is Typical of Mammals 856 Concept 36.3 The Human Female Reproductive System Undergoes Cyclic Gamete Development 859 Concept 36.4 The First Step in Development Is Fertilization 864 Concept 36.5 Cells of the Early Embryo Are Totipotent 867 Concept 36.6 Cleavage Leads to the Blastula Stage 872 Concept 36.7 Gastrulation Forms the Basic Body Plan of the Embryo 873 The Body s Organs Form in Organogenesis 875 Human Development Takes Nine Months 878 Concept 36.8 Concept 36.9 Inquiry Analysis 882 Retracing the Learning Path Assessing the Learning Path 883 884 PART VIII Ecology and Behavior 887 37 Behavioral Biology 887 Concept 37.1 An Animal s Genome Influences Its Behavior 888 Concept 37.2 Learning Also Influences Behavior 890 Concept 37.3 Thinking Directs the Behavior of Many Animals 891 Concept 37.4 Migratory Behavior Is Both Innate and Learned 892 Concept 37.5 Animal Communication Plays a Key Role in Ecological and Social Behavior 894 Concept 37.6 Natural Selection Shapes Behaviors 897 Concept 37.7 Behavioral Strategies Have Evolved to Maximize Reproductive Success 899 Concept 37.8 Some Behaviors Decrease Fitness to Benefit Other Individuals 903 Concept 37.9 Group Living Has Evolved in Both Insects and Vertebrates 906 Inquiry Analysis 908 Retracing the Learning Path 909 Assessing the Learning Path 910 38 Ecology of Populations 912 Concept 38.1 Populations Are Groups of a Single Species in One Place 913 Concept 38.2 Population Growth Depends upon Members Age and Sex 916 Concept 38.3 Evolution Favors Life Histories That Maximize Lifetime Reproductive Success 919 Concept 38.4 Environment Limits Population Growth 921 Concept 38.5 Resource Availability Regulates Population Growth 923 Concept 38.6 Earth s Human Population Is Growing Explosively 926 Inquiry Analysis 930 Retracing the Learning Path 931 Assessing the Learning Path 932 39 Community Ecology 934 Concept 39.1 Competition Shapes How Species Live Together in Communities 935 Concept 39.2 Predator-Prey Relationships Foster Coevolution 939 Concept 39.3 Cooperation Among Species Can Lead to Coevolution 943 Concept 39.4 Ecological Succession Is a Consequence of Habitat Alteration 948 Concept 39.5 Chemical Elements Move Through Ecosystems in Biogeochemical Cycles 950 Concept 39.6 Energy Flows Through Ecosystems in One Direction 955 Concept 39.7 Biodiversity May Increase Ecosystem Stability 960 Inquiry Analysis 964 Retracing the Learning Path 965 Assessing the Learning Path 966 40 The Living World 968 Concept 40.1 Ecosystems Are Shaped by Sun, Wind, and Water 969 Concept 40.2 Earth Has 14 Major Terrestrial Ecosystems, Called Biomes 973 Concept 40.3 Freshwater Habitats Occupy Less than 2% of Earth s Surface 975 Concept 40.4 Marine Habitats Dominate the Earth 976 Concept 40.5 Humanity s Pollution and Resource Depletion Are Severely Impacting the Biosphere 978 Concept 40.6 Human Activity Is Altering Earth s Climate 981 Inquiry Analysis 985 Retracing the Learning Path 986 Assessing the Learning Path 987 Glossary is available online Appendix A: Answer Key A-l Credits C-l Index 1-1
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owner	DE-11
owner_facet	DE-11
physical	XXIV, 989, I-24 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 29 cm
publishDate	2015
publishDateSearch	2015
publishDateSort	2015
publisher	McGraw Hill
record_format	marc
spelling	Mason, Kenneth A. Verfasser (DE-588)140812334 aut Understanding biology Kenneth A. Mason ... New York McGraw Hill 2015 XXIV, 989, I-24 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 29 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes index Biology HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027596038&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Mason, Kenneth A. Understanding biology Biology
title	Understanding biology
title_auth	Understanding biology
title_exact_search	Understanding biology
title_full	Understanding biology Kenneth A. Mason ...
title_fullStr	Understanding biology Kenneth A. Mason ...
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding biology Kenneth A. Mason ...
title_short	Understanding biology
title_sort	understanding biology
topic	Biology
topic_facet	Biology
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027596038&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT masonkennetha understandingbiology

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