The emerging middle class in Africa:
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Routledge
2015
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | [XXIII], 215 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781138796423 9781138796430 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804152626107908096 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
List of figures
ix
List of tables
xii
List of contributors
xv
Foreword
xx
Preface
xxii
Acknowledgments
xxiii
Introduction
1
Mthuli Ncube
1
The dynamics of the middle class in Africa
9
Charles Leyeka Lufumpa, Maurice Mubila, and
Mohamed Safouane
Ben Ai ssa
2
The political economy of the African middle class
34
Michael Lofchie
3
Consumption patterns
60
Oliver
f
.M. Chinganya, Mary Strode, Lee Craufurd,
Marta Moratti,
and Felix Schmieding
4
Jobs and the labor market
82
Mary Strode, Lee Craufurd,
Simone Dettling,
and Felix Schmieding
5
Entrepreneurship
102
Mohamed Ayadi
and
Mohamed
Safouane
Ben Aissa
viii Contents
6
Education
130
Benedict
Кипепе,
Maurice Mubila, and
OluyéleA.
Akinkugbe
7
Gender
149
Abena
Oduro and Alice Nabalamba
8
Health
170
Alice Nabalamba and Helen Johansen
Conclusion
203
Mthuli Ncube
Index
209
FIGURES
1.1 Distribution
of Africa s population by subclass,
1980-2010 13
1.2
Distribution of Africa s population by subclass and poverty line,
1980-2010 14
1.3
Percentage of floating class and middle class in selected African
countries,
2010 15
1.4
Private enrollments in primary schools in selected African
countries,
2000
and
2008 17
1.5
Private enrollments in secondary schools in selected African
countries,
2000
and
2008 18
1.6
Fixed broadband internet subscribers per
1,000
population in selected
African countries,
2003
and
2008 19
1.7
Private automobiles per
1,000
population in selected African countries,
2002
and
2007 20
1.8
Total electricity net consumption in selected African countries,
1985
and
2007 20
1.9
Electricity net consumption per household in selected African
countries,
1985
and
2007 21
1.10
Correlation of middle-class size with country-level characteristics
23
Al.l The
Lorenz
curve
27
Al.
2 Lorenz
Africa curve,
2010 28
A1.3 Middle-class distribution by subcategory in selected African countries
29
3.1
Domestic credit to the private sector in Africa,
1970-2010 78
4.1
Percentage of male employment by sector in selected countries,
2009 88
4.2
Percentage increase in earnings for an additional year of education,
by sector, in urban West Africa
90
4.3
Employment status by educational level,
2008 91
χ
List of
figures
4.4
Percentage of households in Ghana and
Côte d Ivoire
that have
relocated for work reasons
94
4.5
Stock of emigrants from Africa,
2010 95
4.6
Remittances and other resource flows to Africa,
1990—2010 96
4.7
Sector shares of change in real GDP,
2002-2007 98
5.1
Managers educational levels in South Africa and
Côte d Ivoire,
2007
111
5.2
Employees educational levels in four African countries,
2007
111
5.3
Size of the middle class across three regions,
1981—2005 113
5.4
Serious obstacles to doing business in selected African countries,
2007 114
5.5
Size of informal economy in various countries worldwide,
2008 115
5.6a Tunisia: Headcount Poverty Index,
1981-2005 120
5.6b Tunisia: size of the middle class,
1981-2005 120
5.7
Tunisia: GDP, agricultural, and manufacturing growth,
1980-2000 121
6.1
Growth in Africa s middle class
(%
of total population),
1999-2010 131
6.2
Primary and secondary enrollments in Africa in millions,
2000—2005 133
6.3
Tertiary enrollments in Africa,
1970-2008 133
6.4
Primary school enrollments in selected African countries,
1990-2009 134
6.5
Public spending on education in Africa,
1980-2009 135
6.6
Public expenditure on education in selected African countries,
1999
and
2009 136
6.7
Public expenditure on education in selected African countries,
1999-2009 137
6.8
Education and the middle class: the dynamics of interconnectedness
140
6.9
GDP per person employed in Africa,
1990-2008 145
6.10
Growth fixed line/mobile and internet users in Africa,
1970-2009 145
6.11
Correlation of an educated population/workforce with other
socioeconomic indicators in Africa
145
6.12
Enrollment in private secondary schools in selected African
countries as percentage of total enrollment,
2000
and
2009 146
7.1
Gender parity gap at the primary education level,
1990
and
2009 158
7.2
Gender gap in adult literacy rates,
2000
and
2009 161
8.1
Life expectancy is higher in countries with a larger middle class,
2008 172
8.2
Adult mortality rate and under-5 mortality rate,
2008 173
8.3
Broad causes ofYears of Life Lost (YLL),
2008 174
8.4
Distribution of disease burden as percentage of total DALYs,
2008 175
8.5
Daily smokers by income level in selected African countries,
2002 176
8.6
Percentage of population with insufficient fruit and vegetable
intake by country and income level,
2002 177
8.7
Percentage of underweight children under the age of five,
2000-2009 178
8.8
Solid fuel use by income level in selected African countries,
2002 179
8.9
Population with access to improved drinking water sources
181
8.10
Population living with
HIV/
Aids, in
2007 183
8.11
Total fertility rate per woman in Africa
84
List of figures
xi
8.12
Births attended by health personnel in Africa,
2000-2008 186
8.13
Self-reported use of ambulatory adult health services by income
level,
2002 192
8.14
Self-reported use of hospital inpatient services by income level,
2002 193
8.15
Financial sources used by households for health care,
2002 194
8.16
Hospital beds per
10,000
population,
2000-2009 195
8.17
Health-care professionals to population ratios,
2009 195
8.18
Per capita government expenditure on health in selected
African countries
196
TABLES
1.1 Distribution
of Africa s population by subclass,
1980-2010 12
Al.l Summary of population and class size, by global region
30
Al.
2
Middle-class subcategories as proportion of total population,
2008 32
3.1
Average monthly consumption of middle-class individuals in selected
African countries
63
3.2
Total monthly consumption of the entire middle class in selected
African countries
64
3.3
Budget shares by income
quintile in
Ghana,
1991 66
3.4
Budget shares by income
quintile in
Ghana,
2005 67
3.5
Budget shares by expenditure decile in South Africa,
2005 68
3.6
Percentage of household spending on food and alcohol/ tobacco
71
3.7
Percentage of household spending on education and health
72
3.8
Percentage of households owning a radio, TV, bicycle, or any land in five
African countries
73
3.9
Percentage of households with piped water, electricity, and latrines
74
3.10
Percentage of households with tile, thatch, and metal roofing
74
3.11
Perceptions of present living conditions according to job status,
2008 75
3.12
Perceptions of own living conditions compared with others,
2008 76
3.13
Perceptions of current living conditions compared with
12
months ago
76
3.14
Expectations with regard to living conditions in
12
months time
76
4.1
Percentage of households in selected African countries with
at least one non-agricultural business
84
4.2
Per capita consumption levels and terms of payment in selected African
countries
85
4.3
Percentage of households in four African countries with at least
one member self-employed in agriculture or other sector
86
4.4
Percentage of households in four African countries in which
at least one member works for a wage or salary in agriculture and
other sectors
87
List of tables
xiii
4.5
Percentage of households in four African countries where at
least one member receives income from multiple sectors
87
4.6
Percentage of paid employment as a share of total labor in three
African countries
89
4.7
Percentage of girls in school in four African countries: by
consumption level and rural/urban location
92
4.8
Percentage of boys in school in four African countries: by
consumption level and rural/urban location
93
5.1
Ghanaian census data on size of manufacturing firms,
1987
and
2003 107
5.2
Enterprise sizes in four African countries,
2007 108
5.3
Percentage and type of enterprise in four African countries,
2007 108
5.4
Average employee s educational level, by type of enterprise in Africa
108
5.5
Formal training inside firms, by type of enterprise in Africa
109
5.6
Recruitment methods, by type of enterprise in Africa
109
5.7
Labor regulation reported as barrier to business in four countries,
2007 110
5.8
Workforce education reported as barrier to business in two
countries,
2007 110
5.9
Per capita income in Africa compared -with other global
regions,
1970-2005 112
5.10
Size of the middle class as a percentage of total population by
global region,
1981-2005 113
5.11
Tax rates: perception as an obstacle to the formalization of
enterprises in four African countries,
2007 116
5.12
Tax administration: perception as an obstacle to the formalization of
enterprises in four African countries,
2007 116
5.13
Corruption: perception as an obstacle to the formalization of
enterprises in four African countries,
2007 117
5.14
Crime, theft, and disorder: perception as obstacles to the formalization
of enterprises in four African countries,
2007 117
5.15
Financial characteristics of SMEs in four African countries,
1990s 118
6.1
Increasing private enrollment in education at pre-primary, primary, and
secondary levels,
1999
and
2007 138
6.2
Improved adult and youth literacy rates in Africa,
1985-2015 141
6.3
Educational attainment of population aged
25
and above,
1960-2000 142
7.1
Female and male labor market participation rates,
2000
and
2009 152
7.2
Proportion of wage and salaried workers amongst employed women
and men,
1995-2005 155
7.3
Proportion of contributing family workers and own-account
workers by gender,
1995-2005 156
7.4
Secondary education: gross enrollment rates for girls and boys,
2000
and
2009 159
7.5
Asset ownership by gender in Ghana
164
8.1
Access to improved drinking water and sanitation by income
level,
2002 180
xiv
List of tables
8.2
Prevalence and treatment of non-communicable diseases,
2002 188
A8.1 Regression of various health indicators on the size of the middle class in
Africa,
2008 199
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| geographic | Afrika (DE-588)4000695-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Afrika |
| id | DE-604.BV042140948 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:13:42Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781138796423 9781138796430 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2014016030 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027580917 |
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| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-12 DE-11 |
| physical | [XXIII], 215 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2015 |
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| publisher | Routledge |
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| spelling | The emerging middle class in Africa ed. by Mthuli Ncube and Charles Leyeka Lufumpa 1. publ. London [u.a.] Routledge 2015 [XXIII], 215 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Bürgertum (DE-588)4069722-8 gnd rswk-swf Mittelstand (DE-588)4039713-0 gnd rswk-swf Sozioökonomischer Wandel (DE-588)4318539-3 gnd rswk-swf Sozialer Wandel (DE-588)4077587-2 gnd rswk-swf Afrika (DE-588)4000695-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Afrika (DE-588)4000695-5 g Mittelstand (DE-588)4039713-0 s Bürgertum (DE-588)4069722-8 s Sozioökonomischer Wandel (DE-588)4318539-3 s Sozialer Wandel (DE-588)4077587-2 s DE-604 Ncube, Mthuli 1964- (DE-588)170931102 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-315-75789-6 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027580917&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The emerging middle class in Africa Bürgertum (DE-588)4069722-8 gnd Mittelstand (DE-588)4039713-0 gnd Sozioökonomischer Wandel (DE-588)4318539-3 gnd Sozialer Wandel (DE-588)4077587-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4069722-8 (DE-588)4039713-0 (DE-588)4318539-3 (DE-588)4077587-2 (DE-588)4000695-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | The emerging middle class in Africa |
| title_auth | The emerging middle class in Africa |
| title_exact_search | The emerging middle class in Africa |
| title_full | The emerging middle class in Africa ed. by Mthuli Ncube and Charles Leyeka Lufumpa |
| title_fullStr | The emerging middle class in Africa ed. by Mthuli Ncube and Charles Leyeka Lufumpa |
| title_full_unstemmed | The emerging middle class in Africa ed. by Mthuli Ncube and Charles Leyeka Lufumpa |
| title_short | The emerging middle class in Africa |
| title_sort | the emerging middle class in africa |
| topic | Bürgertum (DE-588)4069722-8 gnd Mittelstand (DE-588)4039713-0 gnd Sozioökonomischer Wandel (DE-588)4318539-3 gnd Sozialer Wandel (DE-588)4077587-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bürgertum Mittelstand Sozioökonomischer Wandel Sozialer Wandel Afrika Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027580917&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ncubemthuli theemergingmiddleclassinafrica |