This is ethics: an introduction
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chichester
Wiley Blackwell
2015
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | This is philosophy
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 305 S. |
| ISBN: | 9781118479407 9781118479858 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a This is ethics |b an introduction |c Jussi Suikkanen |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Chichester |b Wiley Blackwell |c 2015 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 305 S. | ||
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| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a This is philosophy | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Ethics |v Textbooks | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1811011519646793728 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
CONTENTS
Preface
xv
Acknowledgments
xix
Part One What's in Our Interests?
1
1
Pleasure
3
Three Questions about Pleasure
4
What Is Pleasure?
6
The sensation view
7
The attitude view
7
The desire view
8
Physiology of pleasure*
10
Value of Pleasure
11
Hedonism
12
Argument in favor of hedonism
1:
Discernible differences
13
Argument in favor of hedonism
2:
Motivation
13
Higher pleasures
13
Pluralism about prudential value
15
Nozicks experience machine argument
15
Two responses to Nozick
16
Pessimism about the value of pleasure*
17
Summary and Questions
19
Annotated Bibliography
20
Online Resources
22
viii Contents
2
Happiness, Well-being, and the Meaning of Life
25
Hedonism, Again
27
Objection
1 :
Trivial pleasures
28
Objection
2:
The role of happiness in deliberation
28
Satisfaction Theories
29
Desire satisfaction theories of well-being
29
Objections to desire satisfaction theories
30
Objection
1:
Which desires count?
30
Objection
2:
Expensive tastes
31
Life satisfaction theories of happiness
32
An objection to life satisfaction theories
33
Objective List Theories
34
Objections to the objective list theories
35
The Capability Approach*
37
Happiness and the Meaning of Life
39
Emotional state theory of happiness*
40
The question of the meaning of life
41
Susan Wolf
s
fitting fulfillment theory
42
Summary and Questions
43
Annotated Bibliography
44
Online Resources
47
Part Two Normative Ethics
51
3
Egoism and Altruism
53
Different Forms of Egoism and Altruism
55
Feldmans objection to ethical egoism
56
Two Arguments for Ethical Egoism
57
The "ought implies can" argument
58
The practical reasons argument
58
Two Objections to Psychological Egoism
59
The everyday objection
59
The evolutionary objection
60
Moore's Argument against Ethical Egoism*
62
Problems of Moore's argument*
63
Gauthiers Contractarianism
64
The paradox of social cooperation
65
Contractarianism as a solution
67
The compliance problem
68
Contents
їх
Reason one: Risk of exclusion
69
Reason two: Risk of revealing your true motives
69
Summary
69
Problems with
Gauthier s
Theory
70
Objection
1:
Scope of moral concern
70
Objection
2:
Deception
70
Objection
3:
Acting for right reasons
71
Summary and Questions
71
Annotated Bibliography
73
Online Resources
75
Consequentialism and Kantian Ethics
79
Consequentialism
80
Utilitarianism
82
Deliberation procedure vs. criterion of Tightness
83
Direct vs. indirect forms of consequentialism
83
Utilitarianism vs. richer conceptions of value
84
Actual vs. expected value
85
Maximizing vs. satisficing
86
Mill's Argument for Utilitarianism
86
The problems with Mills argument
88
Saving Mill's argument
89
Kantian Ethics
90
The good will
90
The universalization test
92
Duties, right and wrong
94
Why do the right thing?
95
Reason
1:
Exceptions
95
Reason
2:
Freedom
96
Counterexamples and Convergence
97
Counterexamples to utilitarianism
98
Counterexamples to the Categorical Imperative
99
Utilitarian and consequentialist responses to the
counterexamples*
100
Kantian responses to the counterexamples*
102
Convergence*
104
Summary and Questions
105
Annotated Bibliography
106
Online Resources
109
x
Contents
5
Intuiţionism, Particularism,
and Virtue Ethics
113
Ross's Objection to Consequentialism and Kantian Ethics
113
Intuiţionism
in Normative Ethics
115
Prima
facie duties
115
How do you know?
117
Prima
facie duties and actual duties
118
Particularism
120
Prima
facie duties and holism
120
Holism and particularism*
121
Knowing what is right*
123
Virtue Ethics
124
Flourishing
125
Virtue acquisition
127
Acting virtuously
128
Right and wrong acts
129
Two Objections to Virtue Ethics
130
Circularity
130
Improving yourself
131
Virtue ethics and moral sensibility
131
Summary and Questions
133
Annotated Bibliography
134
Online Resources
136
Part Three Metaethics
139
6
Subjectivism, Relativism, and Divine Commands
141
Subjectivism
143
Advantages of subjectivism
144
Objections to subjectivism
144
Objection
1:
Experience
145
Objection
2:
Infallibility
145
Objection
3:
Disagreement
145
Relativism
146
Advantages of relativism
148
Problems of relativism
149
Problem
1:
Disagreement
149
Problem
2:
Moral fallibility
150
Problem
3:
Tolerance
150
Problem
4:
Multiculturalism
151
Contents xi
Divine
Command Theory
151
Divine command theory and moral words
151
Divine command theory and moral properties
153
Advantages of divine command theory
154
The Euthyphro Dilemma*
155
What is right explains what God commands*
156
God's commands explain what is right*
156
Problem
1:
God's goodness
157
Problem
2:
Anything could be wrong
157
Problem
3:
The reasons for Gods commands
158
Summary and Questions
158
Annotated Bibliography
159
Online Resources
163
Naturalism and the Open Question Argument
167
Moral Realism
167
Naturalism vs.
non-
naturalism
168
Pros and cons of
non
-naturalism
169
The Open Question Argument
171
Stage
1:
Words and properties
172
Stage
2:
Moral words and moral properties
173
Stage
3:
The open question test
173
Stage
4:
Moral words and open questions
174
Stage
5:
Putting the argument together
175
Responses to the Open Question Argument
176
Response
1:
Begging the question
176
Response
2:
Making know-how explicit
177
Response
3:
The sense/reference distinction
179
Intuiţionism
in Metaethics*
181
The problem of knowledge*
181
Foundationalism to the rescue*
183
Misconceptions and objections*
184
Misconception
1:
The role of experience and emotions
184
Misconception
2:
What seems self-evident to you
184
Objection
1:
People who understand but don't agree
185
Objection
2:
Dogmatism
186
Summary and Questions
186
Annotated Bibliography
187
Online Resources
190
xii Contents
8 Moral Motivation and Expressivism 195
The Argument
from
Motivation 196
The
Humean
Theory of
Motivation 197
Directions of fit
197
The role of beliefs and desires
198
Moral Judgment Internalism
199
Very Strong Internalism
200
Weakness of will
201
Strong Internalism
201
Counterexamples to Strong Internalism
202
Amoralists
202
Bad people
203
A case of depression
204
Expressivism
205
The core claims of expressivism
206
Claim
1:
Moral judgments
207
Claim
2:
Moral language
208
Claim
3:
Moral properties
210
Responses to two common objections
211
Objection
1:
Truths and facts
211
Objection
2:
Mere attitudes
211
The Frege-Geach Problem
212
Embedded claims
212
Valid inferences*
213
The negation problem*
214
Summary and Questions
215
Annotated Bibliography
217
Online Resources
220
Part Four Ethical Questions
223
9
Moral Responsibility
225
What Is Moral Responsibility?
225
Causal responsibility and attributability
227
The agency condition
227
Freedom and real selves
229
The Freedom Principle: A Threat for Moral Responsibility
230
The consequence argument
230
The problem of luck
231
Galen Strawson's argument against moral responsibility
232
Contents xiii
The Frankfurt
Cases
234
Objections and responses*
235
Objection
1:
Flicker of freedom
235
Objection
2:
A dilemma
235
Response
1:
Mele
and
Robb 236
Response
2:
Dennett
236
The Deep Attributability Principle
237
Frankfurt's higher-order desire theory
238
The Real Self
239
Watsons theory of the real self
240
The time-slice problem
241
Responsiveness to reasons
242
Summary and Questions
243
Annotated Bibliography
244
Online Resources
247
10
Population Growth and Climate Change
249
The Non-Identity Effect
251
The Repugnant Conclusion
253
The average utility principle
256
Critical-level utilitarianism*
257
Variable value view and intuitions*
259
Climate Change and Personal Obligations
260
Carbon offsetting
261
Climate Change and Governments
262
The discount rate*
264
The social action problem
266
Climate Change and Uncertainty
267
Maximizing expected value*
268
Summary and Questions
269
Annotated Bibliography
271
Online Resources
272
Glossary of Terms
275
Index
293
What makes you happy? Should you always do what is best for you, or what is best for
everyone? What is the meaning of life
-
and how are we supposed to think about it? Should
sacrifices be made to help future generations? This Is Ethics presents an accessible and
engaging introduction to a variety of issues relating to contemporary moral philosophy. It
reveals the intimate connection between timeless philosophical problems about right and
wrong and offers timely and thought-provoking insights on everyday practical concerns.
Initial chapters focus on how philosophy can help us to think more clearly about how we
can live happy and meaningful lives. Subsequent chapters address general ethical theories
about what is right and wrong, followed by metaethical questions such as whether morality
is relative and how we are motivated to do the right thing. A final series of chapters discuss
moral responsibility, population growth, and climate change. Lively and engaging, This Is
Ethics provides a solid foundation for making informed ethical decisions in today's increasingly
complex world.
Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Birmingham, UK. He has
contributed numerous articles on metaethics and normative ethics in journals such as The
Philosophical Quarterly, Oxford Studies in Metaethics. and Pacific Philosophical Quarterly. |
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| spelling | Suikkanen, Jussi ca. 20./21. Jh. Verfasser (DE-588)1178561011 aut This is ethics an introduction Jussi Suikkanen 1. publ. Chichester Wiley Blackwell 2015 XX, 305 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier This is philosophy Includes bibliographical references and index Ethics Textbooks Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd rswk-swf Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027573082&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027573082&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Suikkanen, Jussi ca. 20./21. Jh This is ethics an introduction Ethics Textbooks Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd |
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| title | This is ethics an introduction |
| title_auth | This is ethics an introduction |
| title_exact_search | This is ethics an introduction |
| title_full | This is ethics an introduction Jussi Suikkanen |
| title_fullStr | This is ethics an introduction Jussi Suikkanen |
| title_full_unstemmed | This is ethics an introduction Jussi Suikkanen |
| title_short | This is ethics |
| title_sort | this is ethics an introduction |
| title_sub | an introduction |
| topic | Ethics Textbooks Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd |
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