Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Elsevier AP
2014
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 311 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780123969736 0123969735 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord |c ed. by Julien Cohen-Adad ; Claudia A. M. Wheeler-Kingshott |
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam [u.a.] |b Elsevier AP |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a XVII, 311 S. |b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord
Autor: Cohen-Adad, Julien
Jahr: 2014
Contents
XV
I_
QUANTITATIVE BIOMARKERS IN
THE SPINAL CORD: WHAT FOR?
1.1 Rationale for Quantitative MRI of the Human
Spinal Cord and Clinical Applications
KHALED ABDEL-AZIZ, OLGA CICCARELLI
1.1.1 Introduction 3
1.1.2 Quantitative MRI Techniques 4
1.1.3 Application of Quantitative MRI Techniques to spinal
cord disease 7
1.1.4 Conclusions and future directions 17
References 17
1.2 Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases
ISTVAN PIRKO, CHARLES R.G. GUTTMANN
1.2.1 Introduction 22
1.2.2 Classification of Inflammatory Myelopathies 22
1.2.3 Transverse Myelitis: A Practical Definition Based on
MRI 23
1.2.4 The Significance of TM and Its Relationship to MS
and NMO 24
1.2.5 Neuromyelitis Optica: The First Demyelinating Disease
with a known Serum Marker 25
1.2.6 MRI of the Spinal Cord: Qualitative versus Quantitative
Imaging 26
1.2.7 Magnetization Transfer MRI Studies of the Spinal Cord 26
1.2.8 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Studies in the Spinal Cord 28
1.2.9 MR Spectroscopy 32
1.2.10 Relaxometry in the Spinal Cord: T1 Mapping 32
1.2.11 Measurements and Significance of Spinal Cord Atrophy 33
1.2.12 Conclusions 35
References 36
1.3A Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury:
Acute Spinal Cord Injury and Prognosis
DAVID W. CADOTTE, MICHAEL G. FEHLINGS
1.3A.1 Introduction 39
1.3A.2 Message 1: Animal Models That Link Pathology of Acute
Spinal Cord Injury to MR Signal Characteristics 40
1.3A.3 Message 2: Quantitative MSCC and MCC 41
1.3A.4 Message 3: MRI Signal Characteristics after Acute
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: What is the Sensitivity and
Specificity of Determining Neurologic Function at the Time
of Injury and for Predicting Long-Term Prognosis? 43
1.3A.5 Conclusions 46
References 46
1.3B Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury:
Chronic Spinal Cord Injury and Recovery
JOHN KRAMER, PATRICK FREUND, ARMIN CURT
1.3B.1 Introduction 49
1.3B.2 Neurophysiology and MRI: Complementary
Approaches 49
1.3B.3 Morphological Changes in the Spinal Cord after SCI 50
1.3B.4 Relationship between Neurological Recovery and
Morphological Changes 51
1.3B.5 The MRI Paradox: When Anatomical Changes Do Not
Correspond to Functional Changes 52
1.3B.6 Conventional MRI Approaches in SCI Clinical Trial
Management 52
1.3B.7 Future Directions of MRI and SCI 53
1.3B.8 Conclusions 55
References 55
Further Reading 55
_II_
PHYSICS OF MRI
2.1 Array Coils
JULIEN COHEN-ADAD, LAWRENCE L. WALD
2.1.1 Introduction 59
2.1.2 Coil Theory 59
2.1.3 Array Coils 60
2.1.4 Evaluation of Tx Array Coils 63
2.1.5 Evaluation of Rx Array Coils 63
2.1.6 Conclusion 66
References 66
2.2 Bo Inhomogeneity and Shimming
JÜRGEN FINSTERBUSCH
2.2.1 Background 68
2.2.2 Field Inhomogeneities in the Human Spinal Cord 72
2.2.3 Shim Hardware 73
2.2.4 Tune-up, Static, and Dynamic Shim 76
Preface xi
Contributors xiii
Acknowledgements
Introduction xvii
vii
viii
CONTENTS
2.2.5 Measurement of the Field
Distribution 78
2.2.6 Shim Algorithms 80
2.2.7 Shim Practice 82
2.2.8 Specific Problems and Solutions for
T*-Weighted Acquisitions 83
2.2.9 Specific Problems and Solutions for Diffusion-Weighted
Acquisitions 86
2.2.10 Specific Problems and Solutions for
MRS 87
2.2.11 Summary 88
Acknowledgments 88
References 88
2.3 Susceptibility Artifacts
EMINE U. SARITAS, SAMANTHA J. HOLDSWORTH,
ROLAND BAMMER
2.3.1 Introduction: Sources of Susceptibility Artifacts 91
2.3.2 Artifacts in EPI of the Spinal Cord 91
2.3.3 Methods to Reduce Susceptibility
Artifacts 93
2.3.4 Comparison of Methods to Reduce Susceptibility
Artifacts 101
2.3.5 Conclusion 103
References 104
2.4 Ultra-High Field Spinal Cord Imaging
SETH A. SMITH, RICHARD D. DORTCH, ROBERT L. BARRY,
JOHN C. GORE
2.4-1 Background 106
2.4.2 Anatomical MRI 108
2.4.3 Quantitative MRI 110
2.4.4 BOLD Functional MRI 114
2.4.5 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 116
2.4.6 Concluding Remarks 116
References 117
_m_
IMAGING SPINAL CORD STRUCTURE
3.1 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Spinal Cord
BENJAMIN M. ELLINGSON, JULIEN COHEN-ADAD
3.1.1 Principles of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance
Imaging 123
3.1.2 Modeling the Diffusion Properties 127
3.1.3 Data Acquisition 130
3.1.4 Data Processing 134
3.1.5 Tractography 135
3.1.6 Quantify DWI Metrics in the Spinal Cord 136
3.1.7 Diffusion Characteristics of the Neurologically
Intact Spinal Cord 137
3.1.8 Diffusion Characteristics following Spinal Cord Trauma 138
3.1.9 Recipes for Implementation of Clinical Diffusion
Imaging of the Spinal Cord 140
References 141
3.2 Q-Space Imaging: A Model-Free Approach
TORBEN SCHNEIDER, CLAUDIA A.M. WHEELER-KINGSHOTT
3.2.1 Q-Space Theory 146
3.2.2 Free, Hindered, and Restricted Diffusion 147
3.2.3 Q-Space Imaging 148
3.2.4 Limitations of QSI 149
3.2.5 Acquisition of QSI Data in the Spinal Cord 151
3.2.6 Data Processing 152
3.2.7 Current In Vivo Spinal Cord Application of QSI 152
3.2.8 Conclusion 153
References 154
3.3 Advanced Methods to Study White Matter
Microstructure
YANIV ASSAF, DANIEL C. ALEXANDER
3.3.1 Introduction: Diffusion Imaging and Tissue
Microstructure 156
3.3.2 Advanced Methods for Studying White Matter 156
3.3.3 Applications in Spinal Cord 158
3.3.4 Summary 161
References 162
3.4 Magnetization Transfer
MINA KIM, MARA CERCIGNANI
3.4-1 The MT Phenomenon and Its Relationship
to Myelin 164
3.4.2 MT Contrast and MTR 165
3.4-3 Measuring MT in the Spinal Cord 166
3.4-4 MT Acquisition Protocols 168
3.4-5 Quantitative Models of MT 169
3.4-6 MT Data Analysis Methods 175
3.4-7 Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer 175
3.4-8 Conclusion 177
References 177
3.5 T2 Relaxation
CORNELIA LAULE, ALEX MACKAY
3.5.1 Overview 181
3.5.2 Ti Relaxation in CNS Tissue 181
3.5.3 Preclinical T2 Relaxation Studies in the Spine 185
3.5.4 Human Tj Relaxation Studies in the Spinal Cord 193
3.5.5 How to Collect and Analyze Ti Data from the Spinal
Cord 201
3.5.6 Concluding Remarks 203
References 204
3.6 Atrophy
MARK A. HORSFIELD, MASSIMO FILIPPI
3.6.1 Historical Perspective 207
3.6.2 MRI Scanning Considerations 208
3.6.3 Semiautomated Atrophy Measurement 209
3.6.4 Toward the Fully Automated 211
3.6.5 Gray and White Matter Volumentry 212
3.6.6 What Should We Measure? 212
CONTENTS
ix
3.6.7 The Clinical Need for Atrophy Measurement 213
3.6.8 Summary 215
References 215
_IV_
IMAGING SPINAL CORD FUNCTION
4.1 Spinal Cord fMRI
PAUL E. SUMMERS, JONATHAN C.W. BROOKS, JULIEN COHEN-ADAD
4.1.1 Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent 221
4.1.2 Challenges in fMRI of the Spinal Cord 224
4.1.3 Data Acquisition 229
4.1.4 Data Processing 232
4.1.5 Conclusions 235
4.1.6 Recipe 236
References 236
4.2 Physiological Noise Modeling and Analysis for
Spinal Cord fMRI
JONATHAN C.W. BROOKS
4.2.1 What is Physiological Noise? 240
4.2.2 Time Domain Filtering 241
4.2.3 Approaches for Reducing the Effects of Physiological
Noise 242
4.2.4 Modeling Physiological Noise 250
4.2.5 Group Analysis 252
4.2.6 Defining a Statistical Threshold (P-Value) 253
4.2.7 Conclusions 256
References 256
4.3 Mapping the Vasculature of the Spinal Cord
WALTER H. BACKES, ROBBERT J. NIJENHUIS
4.3.1 Rationale 258
4-3.2 Vascular Anatomy 258
4.3.3 MR Angiography 260
4.3.4 Inlet Arteries or Outlet Veins? 261
4.3.5 Spinal Cord Veins and the BOLD Effect 261
4.3.6 Outlook 264
References 264
_V_
SPECTROSCOPY
5.1 Single Voxel MR Spectroscopy in the
Spinal Cord: Technical Challenges
and Clinical Applications
BHAVANA S. SOLANKY, ENRICO DE VITA
5.1.1 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 267
5.1.2 H MRS in the Spinal Cord 270
5.1.3 Technical Issues 272
5.1.4 Non-Proton MRS of the Spinal Cord 287
5.1.5 Recommended Protocol 287
References 288
Annex: Anatomy of the Spinal Cord 291
Index 307
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| spelling | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord ed. by Julien Cohen-Adad ; Claudia A. M. Wheeler-Kingshott Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier AP 2014 XVII, 311 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Kernspintomografie (DE-588)4120806-7 gnd rswk-swf Rückenmark (DE-588)4050831-6 gnd rswk-swf Rückenmark (DE-588)4050831-6 s Kernspintomografie (DE-588)4120806-7 s DE-604 Cohen-Adad, Julien Sonstige oth Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia A. M. Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027445430&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord Kernspintomografie (DE-588)4120806-7 gnd Rückenmark (DE-588)4050831-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4120806-7 (DE-588)4050831-6 |
| title | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord |
| title_auth | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord |
| title_exact_search | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord |
| title_full | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord ed. by Julien Cohen-Adad ; Claudia A. M. Wheeler-Kingshott |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord ed. by Julien Cohen-Adad ; Claudia A. M. Wheeler-Kingshott |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord ed. by Julien Cohen-Adad ; Claudia A. M. Wheeler-Kingshott |
| title_short | Quantitative MRI of the spinal cord |
| title_sort | quantitative mri of the spinal cord |
| topic | Kernspintomografie (DE-588)4120806-7 gnd Rückenmark (DE-588)4050831-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kernspintomografie Rückenmark |
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