Philosophy of social science: a contemporary introduction
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY [u.a.]
Routledge
2014
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Routledge contemporary introductions to philosophy
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XI, 288 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780415898249 9780415898256 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804152308157644800 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of
Figures
xiii
Acknowledgments
xiv
1 Introduction I
I
.
I What is the Philosophy of Social Science? I
The Democratic Peace
2
Azande Witchcraft
3
Freedom Riders and Free Riders
4
Philosophy in the Social Sciences
5
1
.2
A Tour of the Philosophical Neighborhood
6
Normativity
7
Naturalism
8
Reductionism 1
0
Excelsior! 1
2
2
Objectivity, Values, and the Possibility of a Social Science
14
2.1
The Ideal of Value Freedom
14
The United States Census
15
Dimensions of Value Freedom
17
A Moderate Thesis of Value Freedom
19
2.2
Impartiality and Theory Choice
20
Risk and Error
20
What About Objectivity?
22
2.3
Essentially Contested Ideas
24
Value-Neutrality and Emancipatory Research
24
Objection: Values and the Logic of Discovery
26
Value Presuppositions and Implicatures
27
2.4
Chapter Summary
30
Discussion Questions
Зі
Further Reading
32
viii Contents
3
Theories» Interpretations, and Concepts
34
3.1
Aggression, Violence, and Video Games
35
3.2
Defining Theoretical Concepts
38
The Empiricist View of Concepts and Theory Structure
38
Realism,
Instrumentalism,
and the Problem
of Construct Validity
40
3.3
Interpretivism
42
Ideal Types and
Verstehen 43
Hermeneutics and Meaning
45
Thick Description and its Challenges
46
3.4
Realism and Social Concepts
48
Social Constructions
48
Realism about Social Kinds
49
Looping Effects
51
3.5
Chapter Summary
53
Discussion Questions
54
Further Reading
55
4
Interpretive Methodology
57
4.1
Evidence for Interpretation
57
Qualitative Research Methods and Their Presuppositions
57
Authority and Authenticity
60
Reflexivity
62
4.2
Rationality, Explanation, and Interpretive Charity
64
The Problem of Apparent Irrationality
64
Relativism and Rationality
66
The Principle of Chanty
67
4.3
Cognition, Evolution, and Interpretation
69
Bounded and Unbounded Rationality
70
Cognitive Roots of Culture
72
Interpretation and Cognitive Explanation
74
The New Questions of Naturalism
76
4.4
Chapter Summary
77
Discussion Questions
78
Further Reading
78
5
Action and Agency
8
1
5.1
Explaining Action
82
Admiral Tryon and Instrumental Rationality
82
The Function of General Laws in History
86
Reasons and Causes
88
Re-enactment:
Verstehen
Revisited
9
1
5.2
The Games People Play
94
Rationality and Utility
94
Contents ix
Games
and Strategies
97
Equilibria
99
Nash
Equilibria and the Battle of the Bismarck Sea 1
02
Multiple Equilibria and Coordination Problems
104
5.3
Agency
106
The Psychological Plausibility of Rational Choice Theory
106
Rational Fools?
107
Game Theory in the Laboratory
109
Instrumentalism
and Structuralism I
12
5.4
Chapter Summary I
14
Discussion Questions I S
5
Further Reading I
16
6
Reductionism: Structures, Agents, and Evolution
118
6.1
Explaining Revolutions
і
18
6.2
Social Theory and Social Ontology 1
22
The Individualism—Holism Debate
122
Definition and Theoretical Reduction 1
24
Supervenience 1
26
Methodological Localism
128
6.3
Agents and Social Explanations
129
Methodological Individualism
129
Microfoundations
and Moderate Explanatory individualism
132
Agency and Mechanistic Explanation 1
35
6.4
Evolutionary Explanations 1
37
Functions in Evolutionary Perspective
138
Selectionist Explanations of Cooperation and the Evolution
of Norms
142
Consequences of Selectionism for the Social Sciences
145
6.5
Chapter Summary
147
Discussion Questions
149
Further Reading
149
7
Social Norms
152
7.1
Disenchanting the Social World
153
Is and Ought
153
Normativism 1
54
Good Bad Theories 1
55
7.2
Norms and Rational Choices 1
57
Convention 1
58
Conventionality and Normativity 1
60
Social Norms 1
63
7.3
Normativity and Practice
167
Norms and Practices
167
χ
Contents
Problems
for Practice Theory 1
69
Practices Without Regularities 1
70
7.4
Reductionism and Naturalized Normativity
172
Normativism and Holism
172
Norms, Naturalism, and Supervenience 1
74
Prospects for Naturalized Normativity
175
7.5
Chapter Summary
177
Discussion Questions
178
Further Reading
178
8
Intentions, Institutions, and Collective Action 1
80
8.1
Agency and Collective Intentionality
181
Team Reasoning
181
Joint Commitment
184
Group Agency 1
87
8.2
Joint Intentionality
189
Cooperation Again: Ontogeny and Development
189
Plans and Joint Intentions
191
We-intentions and the We-mode 1
93
Acting as a Group Member
195
8.3
Intentions and Institutions
198
The Strange Tale of the Druid Penny 1
98
Function and Rules in Institutions
200
Explaining Social Institutions
202
8.4
Chapter Summary
204
Discussion Questions
205
Further Reading
206
9
Causality and Law in the Social World
208
9.1
The Democratic Peace Hypothesis
209
9.2
Are There Social Scientific Laws?
2
1
2
Characteristics of Natural Laws
2
1
2
Creativity and Complexity
213
9.3
Conceptualizing Causation
216
Constant Conjunction
216
Linear Equation Modeling and Causal Regularities
217
Interventionism
219
Capacities and Nomological Engines
222
9.4
Models and Mechanisms
225
Secret Springs and Principles
225
Correlations, Black Boxes, and Processes
226
Middle Range Theory and Agent-Based Models
228
9.5
Chapter Summary
233
Discussion Questions
234
Further Reading
234
Contents xi
10
Methodologies of Causal Inference
237
1
0.
1 Bayesian Networks and Causal Modeling
239
Confounds and Common Causes
239
Bayesian Inference
241
Challenges to Causal Modeling
244
10.2
Case Studies and Causal Structure
246
The Apparent Value of Case Studies
246
Epistemological Challenges of Case Studies
248
Justification and Discovery
250
1
0.3
Experimentation
254
What Can We Learn From Social Scientific Experimentation?
254
Quasi-Experiments and Randomized Controlled Trials
256
10.4
Extrapolation and Social Engineering
260
Evidence-Based Policy
260
The FCC Auction
262
Breaking the Extrapolator s Circle
264
Perform at
i vity
and Sociai Engineering
265
10.5
Chapter Summary
267
Discussion Questions
268
Further Reading
269
References
27
1
Index
286
Philosophy of Social Science: A Contemporary Introduction examines the
perennial questions of philosophy by engaging with the empirical study
of society. The book offers a comprehensive overview of debates in the
field, with special attention to questions arising from new research programs
in the social sciences. The text uses detailed examples of social scientific
research to motivate and illustrate the philosophical discussion, Topics
include the relationship of social policy to social science, interpretive
research, action explanation, game theory, social scientific accounts of norms,
joint intentionality, reductionism, causal modeling, case study research, and
experimentation,
|
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| title_short | Philosophy of social science |
| title_sort | philosophy of social science a contemporary introduction |
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