Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan: comparative perspective in a knowledge based society
This book explores how the global trend of quality assurance in higher education is related to the boom of measuring learning outcomes in Japan. It also presents a comparative study in higher education policy between Japan and the US, examining how both countries have reacted to the demands of globa...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Singapur [u.a.]
Springer
2014
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | UBG01 UPA01 Volltext Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Zusammenfassung: | This book explores how the global trend of quality assurance in higher education is related to the boom of measuring learning outcomes in Japan. It also presents a comparative study in higher education policy between Japan and the US, examining how both countries have reacted to the demands of globalization. This comparative view will help readers understand the present issues Japanese higher education faces and grasp the commonalties and differences between American and Japanese higher education. The book first explores the forces of globalization that have resulted in Japanese universities emphasizing student learning outcomes. Next, it examines how Japanese higher education has learned from the experience of the U.S., whose higher education reform has been regarded as a model for Japan. The book explains why quality assurance for teaching and learning has become important for all Japanese higher education institutions. Higher Education on a global basis is now facing a great issue. In order to help students in a competitive global market, universities need to become more teaching-and-learning-centered and develop more internationalized curricula. This book provides comparative views for cultural and structural similarities and differences in higher education in two countries which could explain significant differences in the gains students make in college. It will help readers understand not only how student learning outcomes can be measured, but why universities throughout the world must continually strive to become world-class institutions |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (XXI, 221 S.) |
| ISBN: | 9789814585811 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV041845782 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
| 007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 140514s2014 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9789814585811 |c Online |9 978-981-4585-81-1 | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)880432200 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV041845782 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-473 |a DE-739 | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Yamada, Reiko |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)13925305X |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan |b comparative perspective in a knowledge based society |c Reiko Yamada, editor |
| 264 | 1 | |a Singapur [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a 1 Online-Ressource (XXI, 221 S.) | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 520 | |a This book explores how the global trend of quality assurance in higher education is related to the boom of measuring learning outcomes in Japan. It also presents a comparative study in higher education policy between Japan and the US, examining how both countries have reacted to the demands of globalization. This comparative view will help readers understand the present issues Japanese higher education faces and grasp the commonalties and differences between American and Japanese higher education. The book first explores the forces of globalization that have resulted in Japanese universities emphasizing student learning outcomes. Next, it examines how Japanese higher education has learned from the experience of the U.S., whose higher education reform has been regarded as a model for Japan. The book explains why quality assurance for teaching and learning has become important for all Japanese higher education institutions. Higher Education on a global basis is now facing a great issue. In order to help students in a competitive global market, universities need to become more teaching-and-learning-centered and develop more internationalized curricula. This book provides comparative views for cultural and structural similarities and differences in higher education in two countries which could explain significant differences in the gains students make in college. It will help readers understand not only how student learning outcomes can be measured, but why universities throughout the world must continually strive to become world-class institutions | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Education, Higher / Evaluation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Education, Higher / Japan | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Education | |
| 650 | 4 | |a International and Comparative Education | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Assessment, Testing and Evaluation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sociology of Education | |
| 650 | 7 | |a EDUCATION / Administration / General |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a EDUCATION / Educational Policy & Reform / General |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Erziehung | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druckausgabe |z 978-981-4585-80-4 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1 |x Verlag |3 Volltext |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Springer Fremddatenuebernahme |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027290352&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Springer Fremddatenuebernahme |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027290352&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
| 912 | |a ZDB-2-SHU | ||
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027290352 | ||
| 966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1 |l UBG01 |p ZDB-2-SHU |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
| 966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1 |l UPA01 |p ZDB-2-SHU |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804152189560553472 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | MEASURING QUALITY OF UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION IN JAPAN
/
: 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
PREFACE
PART I: TREND OF QUALITY ASSURANCE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN COMPARATIVE
PERSPECTIVE
INTRODUCTION: GIVING DIMENSION AND DIRECTION OF MEASURING QUALITY OF
UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION IN JAPAN
HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY WORLDWIDE AND QUALITY ASSURANCE IN KNOWLEDGE
BASED SOCIETY
STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF JAPANESE HIGHER EDUCATION: ADAPTING TO MEET
CHALLENGES POSED BY GLOBALIZATION AND MARKET ECONOMY
PART II: MEASURING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
MEASUREMENT TREND OF LEARNING OUTCOMES IN THE UNITED STATES
MEASUREMENT FOR THE LEARNING OUTCOMES: THE ROLE OF JCIRP FOR ASSESSING
STUDENT LEARNING
LEARNING OUTCOMES OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN JAPAN: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF
BETWEEN AND WITHIN UNIVERSITY
THE POSSIBILITY AND CHALLENGES OF A LARGE SCALE CONTINUOUS STUDENT
SURVEY SYSTEM: THROUGH ANALYSIS OF JCIRP DATA
QUALITY ASSURANCE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING AND INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH
PART III: QUALITY ASSURANCE OF UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION: COMPARATIVE
ANALYSIS BETWEEN USA AND JAPAN
WHAT KIND OF ISSUES AND CHALLENGES DOES JAPANESE UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION
FACE?: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN USA AND JAPAN
DEVELOPMENT OF FIRST-YEAR EXPERIENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: COMPARATIVE
STUDY BETWEEN US AND JAPAN
TODAY’S FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS AND THE INSTITUTIONAL PRACTICE IN THE
FIRST COLLEGE YEAR: OF JAPANESE UNIVERSITIES
ISSUES OF EDUCATIONAL ARTICULATION BETWEEN UNIVERSITY AND HIGH SCHOOL:
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN USA AND JAPAN
CONCLUSION
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
MEASURING QUALITY OF UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION IN JAPAN
/
: 2014
ABSTRACT / INHALTSTEXT
THIS BOOK EXPLORES HOW THE GLOBAL TREND OF QUALITY ASSURANCE IN HIGHER
EDUCATION IS RELATED TO THE BOOM OF MEASURING LEARNING OUTCOMES IN
JAPAN. IT ALSO PRESENTS A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY
BETWEEN JAPAN AND THE US, EXAMINING HOW BOTH COUNTRIES HAVE REACTED TO
THE DEMANDS OF GLOBALIZATION. THIS COMPARATIVE VIEW WILL HELP READERS
UNDERSTAND THE PRESENT ISSUES JAPANESE HIGHER EDUCATION FACES AND GRASP
THE COMMONALTIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AMERICAN AND JAPANESE HIGHER
EDUCATION. THE BOOK FIRST EXPLORES THE FORCES OF GLOBALIZATION THAT HAVE
RESULTED IN JAPANESE UNIVERSITIES EMPHASIZING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES.
NEXT, IT EXAMINES HOW JAPANESE HIGHER EDUCATION HAS LEARNED FROM THE
EXPERIENCE OF THE U.S., WHOSE HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM HAS BEEN REGARDED
AS A MODEL FOR JAPAN. THE BOOK EXPLAINS WHY QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR
TEACHING AND LEARNING HAS BECOME IMPORTANT FOR ALL JAPANESE HIGHER
EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS. HIGHER EDUCATION ON A GLOBAL BASIS IS NOW FACING
A GREAT ISSUE. IN ORDER TO HELP STUDENTS IN A COMPETITIVE GLOBAL MARKET,
UNIVERSITIES NEED TO BECOME MORE TEACHING-AND-LEARNING-CENTERED AND
DEVELOP MORE INTERNATIONALIZED CURRICULA. THIS BOOK PROVIDES COMPARATIVE
VIEWS FOR CULTURAL AND STRUCTURAL SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN HIGHER
EDUCATION IN TWO COUNTRIES WHICH COULD EXPLAIN SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES
IN THE GAINS STUDENTS MAKE IN COLLEGE. IT WILL HELP READERS UNDERSTAND
NOT ONLY HOW STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES CAN BE MEASURED, BUT WHY
UNIVERSITIES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD MUST CONTINUALLY STRIVE TO BECOME
WORLD-CLASS INSTITUTIONS
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Yamada, Reiko |
| author_GND | (DE-588)13925305X |
| author_facet | Yamada, Reiko |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Yamada, Reiko |
| author_variant | r y ry |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV041845782 |
| collection | ZDB-2-SHU |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)880432200 (DE-599)BVBBV041845782 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1 |
| format | Electronic eBook |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>03825nmm a2200481 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV041845782</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">140514s2014 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9789814585811</subfield><subfield code="c">Online</subfield><subfield code="9">978-981-4585-81-1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)880432200</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV041845782</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-473</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-739</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Yamada, Reiko</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)13925305X</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan</subfield><subfield code="b">comparative perspective in a knowledge based society</subfield><subfield code="c">Reiko Yamada, editor</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Singapur [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer</subfield><subfield code="c">2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource (XXI, 221 S.)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">This book explores how the global trend of quality assurance in higher education is related to the boom of measuring learning outcomes in Japan. It also presents a comparative study in higher education policy between Japan and the US, examining how both countries have reacted to the demands of globalization. This comparative view will help readers understand the present issues Japanese higher education faces and grasp the commonalties and differences between American and Japanese higher education. The book first explores the forces of globalization that have resulted in Japanese universities emphasizing student learning outcomes. Next, it examines how Japanese higher education has learned from the experience of the U.S., whose higher education reform has been regarded as a model for Japan. The book explains why quality assurance for teaching and learning has become important for all Japanese higher education institutions. Higher Education on a global basis is now facing a great issue. In order to help students in a competitive global market, universities need to become more teaching-and-learning-centered and develop more internationalized curricula. This book provides comparative views for cultural and structural similarities and differences in higher education in two countries which could explain significant differences in the gains students make in college. It will help readers understand not only how student learning outcomes can be measured, but why universities throughout the world must continually strive to become world-class institutions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Education, Higher / Evaluation</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Education, Higher / Japan</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Education</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">International and Comparative Education</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Assessment, Testing and Evaluation</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Sociology of Education</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">EDUCATION / Administration / General</subfield><subfield code="2">bisacsh</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">EDUCATION / Educational Policy & Reform / General</subfield><subfield code="2">bisacsh</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Erziehung</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druckausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-981-4585-80-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Springer Fremddatenuebernahme</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027290352&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Springer Fremddatenuebernahme</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027290352&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-2-SHU</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027290352</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1</subfield><subfield code="l">UBG01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-2-SHU</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1</subfield><subfield code="l">UPA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-2-SHU</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV041845782 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:06:46Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789814585811 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027290352 |
| oclc_num | 880432200 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-739 |
| owner_facet | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-739 |
| physical | 1 Online-Ressource (XXI, 221 S.) |
| psigel | ZDB-2-SHU |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Yamada, Reiko Verfasser (DE-588)13925305X aut Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society Reiko Yamada, editor Singapur [u.a.] Springer 2014 1 Online-Ressource (XXI, 221 S.) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index This book explores how the global trend of quality assurance in higher education is related to the boom of measuring learning outcomes in Japan. It also presents a comparative study in higher education policy between Japan and the US, examining how both countries have reacted to the demands of globalization. This comparative view will help readers understand the present issues Japanese higher education faces and grasp the commonalties and differences between American and Japanese higher education. The book first explores the forces of globalization that have resulted in Japanese universities emphasizing student learning outcomes. Next, it examines how Japanese higher education has learned from the experience of the U.S., whose higher education reform has been regarded as a model for Japan. The book explains why quality assurance for teaching and learning has become important for all Japanese higher education institutions. Higher Education on a global basis is now facing a great issue. In order to help students in a competitive global market, universities need to become more teaching-and-learning-centered and develop more internationalized curricula. This book provides comparative views for cultural and structural similarities and differences in higher education in two countries which could explain significant differences in the gains students make in college. It will help readers understand not only how student learning outcomes can be measured, but why universities throughout the world must continually strive to become world-class institutions Education, Higher / Evaluation Education, Higher / Japan Education International and Comparative Education Assessment, Testing and Evaluation Sociology of Education EDUCATION / Administration / General bisacsh EDUCATION / Educational Policy & Reform / General bisacsh Erziehung Erscheint auch als Druckausgabe 978-981-4585-80-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1 Verlag Volltext Springer Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027290352&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Springer Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027290352&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Yamada, Reiko Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society Education, Higher / Evaluation Education, Higher / Japan Education International and Comparative Education Assessment, Testing and Evaluation Sociology of Education EDUCATION / Administration / General bisacsh EDUCATION / Educational Policy & Reform / General bisacsh Erziehung |
| title | Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society |
| title_auth | Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society |
| title_exact_search | Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society |
| title_full | Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society Reiko Yamada, editor |
| title_fullStr | Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society Reiko Yamada, editor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society Reiko Yamada, editor |
| title_short | Measuring quality of undergraduate education in Japan |
| title_sort | measuring quality of undergraduate education in japan comparative perspective in a knowledge based society |
| title_sub | comparative perspective in a knowledge based society |
| topic | Education, Higher / Evaluation Education, Higher / Japan Education International and Comparative Education Assessment, Testing and Evaluation Sociology of Education EDUCATION / Administration / General bisacsh EDUCATION / Educational Policy & Reform / General bisacsh Erziehung |
| topic_facet | Education, Higher / Evaluation Education, Higher / Japan Education International and Comparative Education Assessment, Testing and Evaluation Sociology of Education EDUCATION / Administration / General EDUCATION / Educational Policy & Reform / General Erziehung |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-81-1 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027290352&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027290352&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yamadareiko measuringqualityofundergraduateeducationinjapancomparativeperspectiveinaknowledgebasedsociety |