Introduction to intellectual property law: commercial law
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cape Town, South Africa
Oxford Univ. Press
2014
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XLI, 550 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780199045792 0199045798 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Introduction to intellectual property law |b commercial law |c Owen Dean (ed.) ... |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Dean & Dyer Introduction to intellectual property law |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cape Town, South Africa |b Oxford Univ. Press |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a XLI, 550 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Dean, Owen |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)1067946276 |4 oth | |
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| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027280999&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027280999 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1820867821362479104 |
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| adam_text |
I
1
Dean Dyer: Introduction to Intellectual Property Law
provides a thorough and accessible introduction to the full,
broad spectrum of intellectual property law in South Africa.
The text, authored as a collaboration between Spoor 8c Fisher,
specialist intellectual property law attorneys, and the Anton
Mostert Chair of Intellectual Property Law at the University of
Stellenbosch, brings together the value of practical expertise
with an enquiring, analytical and critical approach, resulting in
a dynamic ahd indispensable reference.
The work offers a clear pedagogical structure which supports
learning and develops independent, critical and reflective
engagement with the subject matter. It is suited as core course
material for students who are studying intellectual property
law within the LLB degree programme, or at postgraduate
level, and is supported by additional academic resources which
aid teaching and learning. This digest is also a useful resource
for legal practitioners and others encountering the practical
application of intellectual property.
PREFACE . .-.XXV
acknowledgements xxix
FOREWORD., . .- xxx։
ABOUT THE AUTHORS,,. . . . . ^
CHAPTER 1 COPYRIGHT 1
1.1 Introduction. 3
1.1.1 Description of copyright. . . .3
1.1.2 Legislative framework and international arrangements., . . A
1.2 Protectable subject matter 1
1.2.1 What constitutes a 'work'?.,. . .7
1.2.2 The classes of'works’ in which copyright can subsist . 8
1.2.2.1 Literary works . . . . . 8
1.2.2.2 Musical works,. . . . . 9
1.2.2.3 Artistic works. . .10
1.2.2.4 Cinematograph films . 11
1.2.2.5 Sound recordings .12
1.2.2.6 Broadcasts. 13
1.2.2.7 Programme-carrying signals. . 13
1.2.2.8 Published editions . 13
1.2.2.9 Computer programs. 14
1.2.3 Importance of classification. . . . . . . .15
1.3 Requirements for subsistence of copyright 15
1.3.1 No formalities prescribed. . . . .15
1.3.2 Originality . . . . .16
1.3.3 Material form. . . . . . . .18
1.3.4 Author a ‘qualified person’/Work first published in Berne Convention country. 19
1.4 Authorship 19
1.4.1 Determination of‘author’with reference to the type of work . 19
1.5 Duration and effect 21
1.5.1 Determination of‘duration’with reference to the type of work . 21
1.5.1.1 Literary, musical and artistic works (other than photographs),, . 21
1.5.1.2 Cinematograph films, photographs and computer programs ,22
1.5.1.3 Sound recordings. 22
1.5.1.4 Broadcasts. 22
1.5.1.5 Programme-carrying signals, . . . . 22
1.5.1.6 Published editions . . , . 22
1.5.2 Determination of ‘effect’ or ‘content’ of copyright with reference to the type of work, .23
1.5.2.1 Literary and musical works. . . . . 23
1.5.2.2 Artistic works. . . 23
1.5.2.3 Cinematograph films. . ,24
1.5.2.4 Sound recordings . . . . . .24
1.5.2.5 Broadcasts . .24
1.5.2.6 Programme-carrying signals. .24
1.5.2.7 Published editions. . ,.25
1.5.2.8 Computer programs. 25
1.6 Ownership 25
1.6.1 General rule pertaining to ownership of copyright. . .25
1.6.2 Exceptions,.,.,,.,,,,,,25
1.6.2.1 Works intended for publication. .25
1.6.2.2 Specific works created for payment . 26
1.6.2.3 Employer/employee. . . . 26
1.6.2.4 Vesting of the ownership of copyright,. 27
1.6.2.5 The state and international organisations. .27
1.7 Assignments and licences 29
1.7.1 Formalities for the valid assignment of copyright . 29
1.7.2 Exclusive, non-exclusive and sole licences. .30
1.7.2.1 Exclusive licence.,.,. . 31
1.7.2.2 Non-exclusive licence , . . 31
1.7.2.3 Sole licences . . . . . . .32
1.7.2.4 ‘Needletime’ licences. . . 32
1.8 Infringement 32
1.8.1 Direct infringement. . . . .33
1.8.2 Indirect infringement. 38
1.8.2.1 Dealing in infringing articles for purposes of trade. 38
1.8.2.2 Public performances. . . .39
1.8.2.3 Parallel importation/grey goods . . . . . 39
1.8.3 Criminal infringement. . .43
1.8.4 Distinguishing copyright infringement from plagiarism. .44
1.9 Statutory defences to Infringement of copyright 45
1.9.1 Specific defences relying on exemptions. . 45
1.9.1.1 Fair dealing. 45
1.9.1.2 Various other general exceptions.,,.,.47
1.9.1.3 Records of musical works.,. . . . 48
1.9.1.4 Specific exceptions for artistic works. .49
1.9.1.5 Reverse engineering exception for artistic works.,.,.,.49
1.9.1.6 Specific exception for programme-carrying signals . .,51
1.9.1.7 Specific exception for computer programs. 51
1.9.2 Other defences provided for by regulation.,.52
1.9.3 Copyright Tribunal . . 52
1.10 Author’s moral rights .53
1.10.1 Right of paternity,. . . . 54
1.10.2 Right of integrity,. . 54
1.11 Onus of proof in proceedings. . 54
1.11.1 General. , ,. .54
1.11.2 Essential averments. . . . 55
1.11.3 Presumptions,. . . .35
1.11.4 Affidavit evidence.,,,. . .57
1.12 Remedies for copyright infringement. . . 57
1.13 Checklist in considering viability of a copyright infringement claim 59
1.14 Registration of copyright In cinematograph films 60
1.14.1 Nature and purpose of the Registration Act. .60
1.14.2 Procedure for obtaining registration,.,.,.,.,.,,.61
1.14.2.1 The applicant.,,.,. .,,„.61
1.14.2.2 Procedure . .61
1.14.2.3 Grant, duration and effect.,.63
1.14.3 Objection to registration.63
1.15 Performers' protection 64
1.15.1 Nature and purpose of the Performers’ Protection Act and conditions for protection.64
1.15.2 Content and infringement of performers’ right.65
1.15.3 Specific defences. 66
1.15.4 Licensing and the unassignability of performers’ rights . .67
1.16 Traditional knowledge 67
1.16.1 Protection of traditional knowledge under copyright law.,.,. .68
1.16.1.1 Traditional works. . . . . . . .68
1.16.1.2 Requirements for subsistence of copyright in traditional works, .69
1.16.1.3 Authorship and ownership. .,.71
1.16.1.4 Duration and effect. . . . . . . 72
1.16.1.4.1 Term of protection . . , . . 72
1.16.1.4.2 Restricted acts in relation to traditional works. . 72
1.16.1.5 Exemptions from infringement of copyright in traditional works. . . 73
1.16.1.6 Assignment and licences, . . 74
1.16.2 Amendment of the Performers’ Protection Act, 1967, by the Amendment Act . . .75
CHAPTER 2TRADE MARKS . .77
2.1 General introduction . .79
2.2 Trade mark registration and formalities 79
2.2.1 Introduction . . .79
2.2.2 The use and value of registered trade marks in modern society. .80
2.2.3 The classification of goods and services. . . 82
2.2.4 Registrability and conflict searches,,. . . 85
2.2.5 The registration procedure.86
2.2.5.1 Introduction.,.„.,J6
2.2.5.2 The register and Registrar of Trade Marks. .86
2.2.5.3 The registration process.,.87
2.2.5.4 Filing the application. . . . 38
2.2.5.5 Examination by the Registrar,.89
2.2.5.6 Refusal or provisional refusal of trade mark applications.,.,,.,.,.91
2.2.5.7 Acceptance, advertisement and registration .91
2.2.6 Amendment of trade marks and specifications of goods/services. . . 92
2.2.7 Renewal of trade marks . . . . . . 92
n
Nature and essence of a trade mas k
2.3.1 What is a ‘mark’?.,,.,.
2.3.2 What is a trade mark?, . .
2.3.3 Special trade marks (certification and collective marks)
2.3.3.1 Certification trade marks., . . .
2.3.3.2 Collective trade marks ,.
2.3.3.3 General . .
.93
.97
,99
99
99
100
2.3.4 Trade marks under the Intellectual Property Laws Amendment Act 28
of 2013 (Indigenous Knowledge) .100
2.4 Registrability of trade marks 103
2.4.1 Introduction. , .,.,103
2.4.2 Capable of distinguishing (section 9). .103
2.4.3 Disqualifications from registration (section 10) . .106
2.4.3.1 Lack of intrinsic registrability.,,, . . 106
2.4.3.2 Prohibited marks. . . . .112
2.4.3.3 Proprietorship and good faith. . .114
2.4.3.4 Third party rights. . . 115
2.5 The transfer of trade marks and licensing . 116
2.5.1 Transfer’ of rights in a trade mark . . 117
2.5.2 Assignment. . .117
2.5.3 Transmission . . . .118
2.5.4 Recordal of assignment or transmission. . .119
2.5.5 Licensing of registered trade marks. . . 120
2.6 Trade mark oppositions 121
2.6.1 Introduction. . . . ,121
2.6.2 Grounds of opposition . . . . 122
2.6.2.1 Lack of intrinsic registrability,.,. .122
2.6.2.2 Prohibited marks. . . . . . .,. .122
2.6.2.3 Proprietorship and good faith. . ,122
2.6.2.4 Third party rights. . . . . .123
2.6.3 Opposition procedure . . . . . .,128
2.7 Rectification of trade marks 130
2.7.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . .130
2.7.2 Purpose of rectification proceedings. 130
2.7.3 Interested party . . . . .,.,131
2.7.4 Grounds of rectification. . 132
2.7.4.1 Section 24(1): entries wrongly made or remaining on the register.132
2.7.4.2 Section 27: non-use.134
2.7.5 Procedure . . .,.,138
2.8 Honest concurrent use 138
2.9 Trade mark infringement 139
2.9.1 Introduction.139
2.9.2 Grounds of infringement.140
2.9.2.1 Section 34(l)(a): identical goods/services. ,140
2.9.2.2 Section 34(l)(b): similar goods/services. .148
2.9.2.3 Section 34(l)(c): dilution.151
2.9.2.4 Section 35: ‘famous’ marks. . . ,,.156
2.9.3 Defences to infringement . 159
2.9.3.1 Section 34(2)(a): bona fide use of own name .159
2.9.3.2 Section 34(2)(b): bona fide descriptive use . 160
2.9.3.3 Section 34(2)(c): bona fide use to indicate intended purpose. 162
2.9.3.4 Section 34(2)(d): use on genuine goods,. . 163
2.9.3.5 Section 34(2)(e): bona fide use of utilitarian features. . 163
2.9.3.6 Section 34(2)(f): use for which a registration does not extend . . .163
2.9.3.7 Section 34(2)(g): concurrent registration . .164
2.9.3.8 Acquiescence and estoppel. 164
2.9.4 Procedure for lodging a claim for trade mark infringement.,,. . 164
2.9.5 Remedies. . . . . 164
2.10 Passing off 166
2.10.1 Introduction. . . . . .166
2.10.2 Elements of passing off. . . ,, 166
2.10.2.1 Reputation,.,., . 167
2.10.2.2 Misrepresentation. .170
2.10.2.3 Likelihood of confusion.,. .175
2.10.3 Procedure for instituting a passing off claim.177
2.10.4 Remedies,. .177
2.10.5 Defences,,.,.,.Д77
2.11 Determining the likelihood of confusion: comparison of marks 178
2.12 Conciusion 183
CHAPTER 3 UNLAWFUL COMPETITION 184
3.1 Introduction 184
3.2 Development of unlawful competition 188
3.2.1 The Aquilian action . .186
3.2.2 The rise of unlawful competition . . . .,187
3.3 The right to attract custom 190
3.4 Competition principle 191
3.5 Types of unlawful competition . ,191
3.5.1 Common law grounds . Д93
3.5.1.1 Passing off . 193
3.5.1.2 Leaning on . .193
3.5.1.3 Misappropriation and misuse of trade secrets of another. 194
3.5.1.4 Misrepresentation as to geographic origin of goods. . 195
3.5.1.5 Misrepresentation as to nature/composition of goods ., . 196
3.5.1.6 Misrepresentation as to class or quality of goods . 196
3.5.1.7 Misrepresentation that another trader’s goods are own goods. 196
3.5.1.8 Dishonest adoption of sign or get-up of competitor . . 196
3.5.1.9 Adoption of trade description of competitor. ,197
3.5.1.10 Disparaging comments regarding a competitor’s business. . 198
3.5.1.11 Interference with contractual relationships. 199
3.5.1.12 Boycotting of a business. .199
3.5.1.13 Physical or psychological pressure exerted on a rival’s customers
or employees . .200
3.5.1.14 Trading in contravention of a right of another. .200
3.5.2 Statutory prohibitions. .200
3.5.2.1 Parallel importation . . . . 201
3.5.2.2 False trade descriptions., . 203
3.5.2.3 Prohibited emblems and marks. 204
3.5.2.4 Ambush marketing and protected events 205
3.6 Defences. . . .200
3.6.1 Self-defence. . . . . . . .208
3.6.2 Emergency or necessity. . 208
3.6.3 Public interest. . 208
3.7 Relationship with the Trade Marks Act гінеї other iP statutes. 209
3.8 Remedies 209
3.9 Conclusion 210
CHAPTER 4 COUNTERFEIT GOODS 211
4.1 Introduction to the Counterfeit Goods Act 212
4.1.1 Definitions. . . . 213
4.1.1.1 Counterfeit goods. . .213
4.1.1.2 Intellectual property rights . . .214
4.1.1.3 Dealing in counterfeit goods. . . . .215
4.1.2 Offence of dealing in counterfeit goods. . . . . 215
4.2 Search and seizure operation 215
4.2.1 Who may lodge a complaint?. . . . . . . . . . .215
4.2.2 What are the substantive requirements for a complaint?. .216
4.2.3 Lodging the complaint with inspectors . . .219
4.2.3.1 Definition of inspectors. . .219
4.2.4 The inspector’s consideration of the complaint. . . . . .219
4.2.5 Application for a search and seizure warrant. . . 220
4.2.6 Execution of a warrant. . . .222
4.2.7 Initiating a search and seizure without a warrant. . . .223
4.2.8 Powers of inspector to search, seize and collect evidence . ,. , .225
4.2.9 Duties of the inspector. 225
4.2.9.1 Preparation of inventory of seized goods. . . . . . . . . 225
4.2.9.2 Transportation of seized goods to a counterfeit goods depot .226
4.2.9.3 Notice of seizure. . . . . . . . 226
4.2.10 Storage of seized goods and access. . . 227
4.3 Post seizure 22?
4.3.1 Lodging of criminal complaint . . 227
4.3.2 Obligations of state and complainant. 227
4.3.3 Application for release by a dispossessed party,. .228
4.3.4 Orders that a court may issue . .229
4.4 Border control 23°
4.4.1 Who may lodge the application?. . . . .230
4.4.2 Substantive requirements for the application. . . 230
4.4.3 Response by the Commissioner. . . . 231
4.4.4 Detention of goods by the customs authorities.,. .231
4.4.5 Post-detention procedure and seizure. . 233
4.5 General . . . . . . 233
4.5.1 Evidence and presumptions. . . . . . . . 233
4.5.2 Liability for loss or damage. 235
4.5.3 Penalties.235
CHAPTER 5 PATENTS 237
5.1 Introduction 239
5.1.1 History,,. 239
5.1.2 The nature of the right. . . . .239
5.1.2.1 Monopoly,. . .։ . .239
5.1.2.2 Territorial nature,. . . 239
5.1.3 The legislative framework and international arrangements. . .240
5.2 Basic requirements for obtaining a patent 241
5.2.1 Introduction.,,,., . .,,241
5.2.2 What is an invention?. . . .241
5.2.2.1 Discoveries. 241
5.2.2.2 Scientific theories . 241
5.2.2.3 Mathematical methods . . . 241
5.2.2.4 Literary, dramatic, musical and/or artistic works. .242
5.2.2.5 Schemes, rules, methods of performing mental acts, playing games
or doing business.,.,.242
5.2.2.6 Computer programs.,.242
5.2.2.7 Presentation of information.243
5.2.2.8 Offensive or immoral behaviour . . , 243
5.2.2.9 Varieties of plants or animals or biological methods for their production, 243
5.2.2.10 Medical methods of treatment .,.244
5.2.2.11 Inventions contrary to natural laws. . .244
5.2.2.12 Nuclear energy and material and inventions which are contrary to law,,., ,. 244
5.2.3 Novelty,. . . . . . .245
5.2.3.1 The 'state of the art* and ‘made available to the public’. . .245
5.2.3.2 Exceptions to the'general rule* of novelty. . . 246
5.2.3.3 The test for novelty. . . . . .247
5.2.4 Inventiveness. . . . .248
5.2.4.1 Obvious to a person skilled in the art. . . .248
5.2.4.2 The test for obviousness . 249
5.2.4.3 Mosaicing. . . 251
5.2.4.4 New uses of known contrivances. . . . 251
5.2.5 Capable of being used or applied in trade or industry or agriculture . 251
5.2.6 Lack of utility. . . .251-
Procedure for obtaining a patent 252
5.3.1 The applicant and the inventor . 252
5.3.2 Patent applications. . . . .253
5.3.2.1 Provisional patent applications,, . . . 254
5.3.2.2 Complete patent applications . . , . . ,255
5.3.2.3 PCT patent applications . . . . 257
5.3.2.4 National phase applications. 258
5.3.3 Procedure after filing . .258
5.3.4 Grant, duration and effect. .259
Amendment and correction 260
5.4.1 Corrections - section 50. . .250
5.4.2 Amendments - section 51 . . „,. 261
5.4.2.1 Amendment of provisional patent applications. . 262
5.4.2.2 Amendment of a patent application prior to grant . 262
5.42.3 Amendment of a patent after grant. 263
5.42.4 Amendment of a patent in the course of legal proceedings . 263
5.4.3 Procedure on amendment. . .263
5.4.4 Grounds of objection to amendment. . . .264
Revocation . . . . 2CD
5,5.1 The absolute nature of the grounds ., . . .266
5.52 The applicant for revocation .266
5.5.3 When an application for revocation may be brought. . 266
5.5.4 The grounds . . . , . . . . .266
5.5.4.1 The patentee is not entitled to apply , . 267
5.5.42 The patent was granted in fraud of rights of the applicant. . .267
5.5.4.3 The invention is not patentable under section 25. .267
5.5.4.4 Inutility. . . .268
5.5.4.5 insufficiency. . .268
5.5.4.6 Ambiguity and fair basis .269
5.6
5.7
5.5.4.7 False statement or representation.
5.5.4.8 Frivolous, immoral or illegal inventions and nuclear inventions
5.5.4.9 Microbiological requirements not met. . .
5.5.5 Procedure.,.
5.5.6 Partial validity. . . . .
Infringement
5.6.1 Locus standi . . . . .
5.6.2 Determination of infringement.
5.6.3 Acts of infringement. . . .
5.6.3.1 Making. .
5.6.3.2 Using.
5.6.3.3 Exercising
5.6.3.4 Disposing of.
5.6.3.5 Offering to dispose of. . .
5.6.3.6 Importing.
5.6.4 Presumptions in relation to new substances.
5.6.5 Marketing approval .
5.6.6 Construction of the claims.
5.6.6.1 Literal infringement .
5.6.6.2 Purposive construction
5.6.7 The role of expert evidence.
5.6.8 Defences. . .
5.6.8.1 Invalidity of the patent .
5.6.8.2 Leave and licence . . .
5.6.8.3 Exhaustion of rights. . . .
5.6.8.4 Acquiescence, election, waiver and estoppel,
5.6.8.5 Ignorance nota defence.,. . . . .
5.6.8.6 Invalidity of a single claim, .
5.6.9 Contributory infringement , . .
5.6.10 Remedies.
5.6.11 Procedure. . . , .
General.
5.7.1 Restoration. . .
5.7.2 Patents of addition . .
5.7.3 Assignment and licensing. . .
.270
.271
,271
,,272
.272
273
.273
,273
,273
273
.273
274
274
274
,274
.275
275
275
.275
.,276
.,277
277
,,278
278
,279
,279
.279
.279
.,279
280
,281
281
281
.282
282
CHAPTER 6 PLANT BREEDERS’ RIGHTS 283
6.1 Introduction 284
6.1.1 The essence of plant breeders' rights . 284
6.1.2 International arrangements. . . . 284
6.2 The nature of plant breeders'rights 284
6.2.1 Plant varieties. . . . . .284
6.2.2 Requirements for registrability,. . . .285
6.2.2.1 Breeder/applicant . . .285
6.2.2.2 Bred, discovered and developed,.,. . . .,,285
6.2.2.3 New,. ,.,,., . .,286
6.2.2.4 Distinct, .,.,.,287
6.2.2.5 Uniform. . . . 287
6.2.2.6 Stable.287
6.3 Registration . . 288
6.3.1 Registration procedure. 288
6.3.2 Claiming priority,.289
6.3.3 Denomination,.,.,.289
6.3.4 Publication. . .289
6.3.5 Opposition to the grant of a plant breeder's right. . .289
6.3.6 Provisional protection . . . . . 290
6.3.7 Evaluation,. . . .290
6.3.8 Grant/ refusal. . . .290
6.3.9 Duration. . 290
6.3.10 Restoration . . 290
6.4 Infringement 291
6.4.1 Effect of a plant breeders right . . . . . 291
6.4.2 Exceptions to infringement.,,,. . . . 291
6.4.2.1 General exceptions . 291
6.4.2.2 Research/breeders' exception. . . . .,291
6.4.2.3 Farmers’privilege. . . ,292
6.4.3 Remedies in respect of infringement . . . 292
6.5 General 2Ш
6.5.1 Revocation. . , . . , . .293
6.5.2 Transfer of plant breeder’s right. 293
6.5.3 Licensing . . . . . .293
6.5.4 Compulsory licences. . .293
6.5.5 Marking.294
6.5.6 Plant variety listing. 294
CHAPTER 7 DESIGNS 295
7.1 The nature of a registered design 296
7.1.1 Designs and patents. . .,.297
7.1.2 Designs and trade marks. , . 298
7.1.3 Designs and copyright .299
7.2 The legislative framework and international arrangements 300
7.3 Basic requirements for obtaining a registered design 300
7.3.1 What is a registered design?,, . . .300
7.3.2 Protectable features . , 301
7.3.2.1 Definitions. . . . . 301
7.3.2.2 Article . .301
7.3.2.2.1 Definition of an article. . . .301
7.3.2.2.2 Sets of articles . . .303
7.3.2.2.3 Class. . . . . . .304
7.3.2.3 Shape, configuration, pattern and ornamentation . . 304
7.3.2.4 Judged solely by the eye . ,306
7.3.2.5 Necessitated by the function. . .„.307
7.3.3 Requirements for registrability. . . . .307
7.3.3.1 Basic requirements. . .307
7.3.3.2 Novelty. . . . . . . . . .,307
7.3.3.2.1 Novelty criteria. 307
7.3.3.2.2 Exclusions. . . .308
7.3.3.2.3 Test for novelty.309
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.3.3.3 Originality.,.
7.3.3.4 Not commonplace.
7.3.4 Additional requirements.
7.3.4.1 Unity of design.
7.3.4.2 Multiplied by an industrial process.,. .
7.3.4.3 Articles in the nature of spare parts,.,.
7.3.4.4 Functional features . .
7.3.4.5 Methods or principles of construction,,
Procedure for obtaining a registered design
7.4.1 The applicant.,.,. . . .„
7.4.2 Procedure.,.,.
7.4.3 Grant, duration and effect. . .
Revocation
7.5.1 The absolute nature of the grounds for revocation, . .
7.5.2 The applicant for revocation.
7.5.3 When an application for revocation may be brought. .
7.5.4 The grounds for revocation . .
7.5.4.1 Applicant not entitled
7.5.4.2 Application in fraud of rights. .
7.5.4.3 Design not registrable under section 14 , . .
7.5.4.4 False statement. . . .
7.5.4.5 Application should have been refused under section 16
7.5.5 Procedure. .
infringement . .
7.6.1 Locus standi.„„„„„„„.
7.6.2 Determination of infringement . .
7.6.2.1 Acts of infringement,. .
7.6.2.2 Act in correct class,,.
7.6.2.3 Assessment of infringement .
7.6.3 Defences.
7.6.4 Remedies.
7.6.5 Procedure,.,.,.,.,.,.
General. . .
7.7.1 Correction and amendment.:.
7.7.2 Restoration,,.
7.7.3 Assignment and licensing.
Traditional designs
7.8.1 Basic requirements for obtaining a traditional design.
7.8.1.1 Forms of traditional designs. .
7.8.1.2 Requirements for registrability. . .
7.8.2 Procedure for obtaining registration of a traditional design,,,
7.8.2.1 The applicant.,,,,, ,.,,. . . .
7.8.2.2 The procedure. .
7.8.2.3 Grant, duration and effect.
7.8.3 Revocation of a traditional design. .
7.8.4 Infringement of a traditional design. .
7.8.5 General. . .
7.8.5.1 Benefit sharing.
.310
.311
. .311
.,,.,,311
.311
. .312
,.,,.313
,.,,,314
314
, 314
315
.317
318
.318
. .318
„318
.318
. ,319
.319
.319
.320
.320
. 320
321
,„.321
„ 321
.321
.322
.322
.323
.324
. 324
324
„,324
.325
326
326
„326
„326
„327
328
„„328
. 328
328
„329
329
, . 330
.330
CHAPTER 8 TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, TRADITIONAL CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS AND FOLKLORE 331
8.1 Introduction: background . 332
8.1.1 Definition of traditional knowledge. . . .333
8.1.2 Structure of this chapter.,. .333
Part A: 8.2 Biodiversity and traditional knowledge with respect to patents 333
8.2.1 Definitions. 334
8.2.1.1 Biodiversity. .334
8.2.1.2 Indigenous biological resource . .334
8.2.1.3 Indigenous species. ,.,,.334
8.2.1.4 Genetic resource . . . . . . . , 334
8.2.1.5 Traditional knowledge and use. .334
8.2.1.6 Bioprospecting. . .334
8.2.1.7 Biopiracy . . . . . .,,.,335
8.2.2 The Convention on Biological Diversity . . . .335
8.2.3 The Nagoya Protocol . . . . . 336
8.2.4 The National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act 10 of 2004 (NEMBA) . 336
8.2.4.1 Background. . . . . 336
8.2.4.2 Permits . . . . . .337
8.2.4.3 Benefit-sharing agreements . . .338
8.2.4.4 Material transfer agreements. . . 338
8.2.4.5 Discovery phase notification form. . . .338
8.2.5 The Patents Amendment Act 20 of 2005 . . . 338
8.2.6 Case studies , . . . . ,, 339
8.2.6.1 Hoodia, . . . . .339
8.2.6.2 Rooibos/honeybush. . 340
8.2.6.3 Pelargonium sidoides and Pelargonium reniforme . . 341
Part B: 8.3 Traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions with respect to
trade marks, copyright, performers’ protection and designs 342
8.3.1 Definition of traditional cultural expressions or expressions of folklore.,.342
8.3.2 The interface between TK,TCEs/Folklore and conventional intellectual property (IP). , 343
8.3.3 Challenges surrounding the protection ofTK/TCEs.,.344
8.3.4 The international response.346
8.3.5 South Africa’s solution. .347
8.3.6 intellectual Property Laws Amendment Act 28 of 2013 (IPLAA). . 347
8.3.6.1 Nature and objectives of the IPLAA,. . . . . . .347
8.3.7 Common definitions and concepts introduced into host Acts. .348
8.3.7.1 Indigenous community . 348
8.3.7.2 Indigenous cultural expressions or knowledge ., 348
8.3.7.3 Community protocols. . . . .349
8.3.7.4 Unsatisfactory approach . .350
8.3.8 Administrative structures . . . . . , 350
8.3.8.1 National Council for IK. . .350
8.3.8.2 National Trust for IK . . . . . . . . . . . .351
8.3.8.3 National Trust Fund for IK . . . . . . 351
8.3.8.4 National Database for IK. . . . . .,351
8.3.9 Protection of traditional properties in host Acts. . .353
8.3.9.1 Trade marks. ,353
8.3.9.2 Copyright. . ,,,,.354
8.3,93 Performers’ protection . . . . . . .354
8.3.9.4 Designs. . .355
8.3.10 Saving of vested rights. .,.355
8.3.11 Role of collecting societies, .355
8.3.12 Dispute resolution.,. ,.,,357
8.3.13 Modes of protection forTK/TCEs. . . . .357
8.4 Conclusion 358
CHAPTER 9 COMMERCIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY 360
9.1 Assignment 361
9.1.1 Patents and designs.361
9.1.1.1 Recordal of assignment . .361
9.1.2 Trade marks,,,,,. .362
9.1.2.1 Recordal of assignment.363
9.1.3 Copyright.-364
9.1.3.1 Formalities for the valid assignment of copyright. .364
9.1.4 Assignment of intellectual property rights in respect of traditional properties.365
9.2 Licensing,. .„. . 366
9.2.1 Introduction.,.366
9.2.2 Fundamental terms of a licence. 366
9.2.2.1 The subject of the licence. 366
9.2.2.2 Protected acts. 367
9.2.2.2.1 Patents.,.,.367
9.2.2.2.2 Designs. 367
9.2.2.2.3 Trade marks,.,.367
9.2.2.2.4 Copyright,. .367
9.2.2.3 Field of use.,. .368
9.2.2.4 Nature of the licence. .368
9.2.2.5 The duration of the licence. .369
9.2.2.6 The territory of the licence. 369
9.2.2.7 Licence fees. .369
9.2.2.8 Sublicensing.,,. .370
9.2.2.9 Other important licence terms,. .371
9.2.3 Formalities and recordal of licences . 371
9.2.3.1 Patents and designs,., . 371
9.2.3.2 Trade marks. ,.„,„.„„,.„372
9.2.3.3 Copyright.,., .373
9.2.4 Expressly prohibited provisions in patent licence agreements . 375
9.2.5 Licences of right. . 375
9.2.6 Compulsory licences.376
9.2.6.1 Dependent patent.,,,.,.,,.,.,.,,.,.,,,,,,. . 376
9.2.6.2 Abuse of patent and design rights. . . , 376
9.2.6.3 Compulsory licensing of copyright. .„.378
9.2.6.4 Licensing of traditional properties.379
9.2.7 The doctrine of exhaustion of rights as applied to patents and designs. 381
9.2.8 The doctrine of exhaustion of rights as applied to trade marks . .383
9.3 Hypothecation and attachment . 383
9.3.1 Patents and designs,,. .,.,383
9.3.2 Trade marks. .,,. 384
9.3.3 Copyright,.385
9.4 Exchange control requirements 385
9.4.1 Regulation 10(l)(c) . .385
9.4.2 Regulation 10(4).,, .387
9.4.3 Licences granted to foreigners under South African-owned intellectual property.,.388
9.5 intellectual property from publicly financed research and development 388
CHAPTER 10 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT (EIP LAW) 390
10.1 Introduction 391
10.2 Copyright in computer programs 393
10.2.1 Protection as literary work.393
10.2.2 Protection as suigeneris work.395
10.2.2.1 Definition,. 396
10.2.2.2 Requirements for subsistence,. . . . .397
10.2.2.2.1 Originality . . . . . . .397
10.2.2.2.2 Material form,. . . 399
10.2.2.3 Preparatory materials. . . 400
10.2.2.4 Authorship,,.,. ,402
10.2.2.5 Scope of protection. . . .403
10.2.2.5.1 Exclusive rights,,. . . . .403
10.2.2.5.1/1 Reproduction . . . 403
10.2.2.5.1.2 Adaptation.,,.407
10.2.2.5.1.3 Communication to the public,.408
10.2.2.5.2 Exemptions from infringement.409
10.2.2.5.2.1 Fair dealing.409
10.2.2.5.2.2 Back-up copies. .412
10.2.2.5.2.3 Reverse engineering. 413
10.2.2.5.2.4 Decompilation. .414
10.3 Selected themes relating to intellectual property in regard to the utilisation
of computers. . . . . 416
10.3.1 The Internet. .416
10.3.2 Copyright in the digital environment.417
10.3.2.1 Protection of websites,.,,.418
10.3.2.1.1 Linking.418
10.3.2.1.2 Framing. .424
10.3.2.1.3 Spidering . . 424
10.3.2.1.4 Database protection. . .426
10.3.2.1.5 Other forms of possible protection for websites.,,.,427
10,3,2/1.5.1 Passing off or unlawful competition . 427
10.3.2.1.5.2 Contract. . ,.,427
10.3.2.2 Caching., ,,,. . . . . .428
10.3.2.3 File sharing. . .,,.430
10.3.2.3.1 Peer-to-peer file sharing .,. .431
10.3.2.3.2 Joint wrongdoing or contributory infringement,., .432
10.3.2.3.3 BitTorrents and more,.,,.,434
10.3.2.3.4 A new approach. .,,,435
10.3.2.3.4.1 Pursuing individual infringers. .435
10.3.2.3.4.2 Blocking access to websites.436
10.3.3 Copyright in digital works.,437
10.3.3.1 Introduction. . .437
10.3.3.2 Distribution. . 437
10.3.3.3 Disposition. .438
10.3.3.4 Parallel importation. .„.439
10.3.4 Digital rights management,. .441
10.3.4.1 Introduction. .,441
10.3.4.2 Types of DRM„. . .,.„.,.,441
10.3.4.3 DRM legislation. . .442
10.3.4.4 DRM limitation. .,,.,.444
10.4 Trade marks in the digital environment 445
10.4.1 Trade mark law, . . . . . . . .446
10.4.2 Domain names. . . . . .« .446
10.4,2.1 Domain name system. . . . . 447
10.4 2 2 Domain name system v trade marks. . 447
10.4.2.3 Split mark disputes . . 448
10.4.2.4 Cybersquatting. . . .448
10.4.2.4.1 Trade mark infringement. . .449
10.4.2.4.2 Passing off . 451
10.4.2.4.3 Unlawful competition. . ,452
10.4.2.5 ADR. . . . .452
10.4.2.6 Other forms of abuse related to domain name registrations, .454
10.4.3 Metatags.,. . 456
10.4.4 Keyword advertising. .458
10.4.5 Secondary markets . 462
10.4.6 Social networks,.,.464
10.5 Conclusion 465
CHAPTER 11 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND THE CONSTITUTION 466
11.1 Introduction 466
11.2 Intellectual property rights under section 25 (the constitutional property clause) 467
11.2.1 The First Certification case and background to section 25 and intellectual
property rights,.,.467
11.2.2 The Laugh It Off case. 468
11.2.3 Deprivation and expropriation of intellectual property rights,. 472
11.3 Intellectual property rights and constitutional rights in foreign law 475
11.3.1 Introduction. . . . 475
11.3.2 Irish law. . . 476
11.3.3 German law.,. 476
11.3.4 Australian law. . . . . . .479
11.3.5 United States of America . . . ,483
1.1.4 International human rights law and intellectual property; a human rights framework for
intellectual property 485
11.5 Conclusions 491
Bibliography 493
Table of cases 503
Table of legislation 517
List of abbreviations .531
Index. . . . 533 |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
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| isbn | 9780199045792 0199045798 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Introduction to intellectual property law commercial law Owen Dean (ed.) ... Dean & Dyer Introduction to intellectual property law 1. publ. Cape Town, South Africa Oxford Univ. Press 2014 XLI, 550 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Dean, Owen Sonstige (DE-588)1067946276 oth Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027280999&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027280999&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Introduction to intellectual property law commercial law |
| title | Introduction to intellectual property law commercial law |
| title_alt | Dean & Dyer Introduction to intellectual property law |
| title_auth | Introduction to intellectual property law commercial law |
| title_exact_search | Introduction to intellectual property law commercial law |
| title_full | Introduction to intellectual property law commercial law Owen Dean (ed.) ... |
| title_fullStr | Introduction to intellectual property law commercial law Owen Dean (ed.) ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introduction to intellectual property law commercial law Owen Dean (ed.) ... |
| title_short | Introduction to intellectual property law |
| title_sort | introduction to intellectual property law commercial law |
| title_sub | commercial law |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027280999&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027280999&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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