The analysis of starlight: two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy
"This is the story of the analysis of starlight by astronomical spectroscopy, spanning from Joseph Fraunhofer's discovery of spectral lines in the early nineteenth century through to around the year 2000. In addition to the key discoveries, it presents the culture and social history of ste...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY
Cambridge University Press
2014
|
| Ausgabe: | Second edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | "This is the story of the analysis of starlight by astronomical spectroscopy, spanning from Joseph Fraunhofer's discovery of spectral lines in the early nineteenth century through to around the year 2000. In addition to the key discoveries, it presents the culture and social history of stellar astrophysics by introducing the leading astronomers, their struggles, triumphs and disagreements. Basic concepts in spectroscopy and spectral analysis are included, so both observational and theoretical aspects are described, in a non-mathematical framework. This new edition covers the final decades of the twentieth century, with its major advances in stellar astrophysics: the discovery of extrasolar planets, new classes of stars and the observation of the ultraviolet spectra of stars from satellites. The in-depth coverage of the subject makes it essential reading for graduate students working in stellar spectroscopy, as well as a major reference for professional and amateur astronomers and historians of science"--Provided by publisher |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke |
| Beschreibung: | xvi, 367 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme 26 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781107031746 1107031745 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Hearnshaw, John B. |d 1946- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1053301707 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The analysis of starlight |b two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy |c John B. Hearnshaw |
| 250 | |a Second edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York, NY |b Cambridge University Press |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a xvi, 367 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme |c 26 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 500 | |a Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke | ||
| 520 | |a "This is the story of the analysis of starlight by astronomical spectroscopy, spanning from Joseph Fraunhofer's discovery of spectral lines in the early nineteenth century through to around the year 2000. In addition to the key discoveries, it presents the culture and social history of stellar astrophysics by introducing the leading astronomers, their struggles, triumphs and disagreements. Basic concepts in spectroscopy and spectral analysis are included, so both observational and theoretical aspects are described, in a non-mathematical framework. This new edition covers the final decades of the twentieth century, with its major advances in stellar astrophysics: the discovery of extrasolar planets, new classes of stars and the observation of the ultraviolet spectra of stars from satellites. The in-depth coverage of the subject makes it essential reading for graduate students working in stellar spectroscopy, as well as a major reference for professional and amateur astronomers and historians of science"--Provided by publisher | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1700-2000 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Astronomical spectroscopy / History | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804152138520068096 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
PREFACE
TO THE
SECOND
EDITION
PREFACE
TO THE
FIRST
EDITION,
1986
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
FOR
THE
SECOND
EDITION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FOR
THE
FIRST
EDITION
(1986)
INTRODUCTION
TO
SPECTROSCOPY,
SPECTROSCOPES AND SPECTROGRAPHS
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 BASIC
CONCEPTS
IN
SPECTROSCOPY
1.2.1 TERMINOLOGY
1.2.2
WAVELENGTH
AND COLOUR
1.2.3 CONTINUOUS,
EMISSION AND ABSORPTION
SPECTRA
1.2.4 RESOLUTION
AND RESOLVING
POWER OF SPECTROSCOPES
1.3
THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
THE
SPECTROGRAPH AND
SPECTROSCOPE
DESIGN
1.3.1 PRISM INSTRUMENTS
IN
THE
NINETEENTH
AND EARLY
TWENTIETH
CENTURIES
1.3.2
EARLY
OBJECTIVE
PRISM
INSTRUMENTS
1.3.3
EARLY
GRATING
SPECTROSCOPES
AND SPECTROGRAPHS
1.3.4 THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF COUDE
SPECTROGRAPHS
1.3.5
THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
THE
ECHELLE
SPECTROGRAPH
1.3.6
THE
CCD
AS A
DETECTOR
FOR
ASTRONOMICAL
SPECTROSCOPY
2
THE
ANALYSIS
OF SUNLIGHT:
THE
EARLIEST PIONEERS
2.1
ISAAC NEWTON
AND
THE
COMPOSITION OF SUNLIGHT
2.2
INVISIBLE
RAYS
IN
THE
SOLAR
SPECTRUM:
THOMAS
YOUNG
AND
THE
MEASUREMENT
OF WAVELENGTH
2.3
WILLIAM
WOLLASTON
AND
THE
DISCOVERY
OF
THE
SOLAR
LINE
SPECTRUM
2.4 JOSEPH FRAUNHOFER
AND
THE
SOLAR
LINE
SPECTRUM
2.5 PLANETARY
AND STELLAR SPECTRA OBSERVED
BY FRAUNHOFER
3
THE FOUNDATIONS
OF
SPECTRAL ANALYSIS:
FROM FRAUNHOFER
TO
KIRCHHOFF
3.1
THE BEGINNINGS
OF SPECTRAL ANALYSIS:
THE
WORK
OF
SIR JOHN HERSCHEL
3.2 SIR
DAVID
BREWSTER
AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
3.3 FOX
TALBOT
AND
THE
SPECTRA OF
FLAMES
3.4 FURTHER
PROGRESS
IN
STUDYING
THE
SOLAR
INFRARED BY
J. HERSCHEL, FIZEAU
AND
FOUCAULT
3.5 EDMOND
BECQUEREL
AND SOLAR SPECTRUM
PHOTOGRAPHY
3.6
THE
PHOTOGRAPHIC
SOLAR SPECTRUM OF
J. W. DRAPER
3.7
SIR GEORGE STOKES
AND
THE
FLUORESCENT
ULTRAVIOLET SOLAR SPECTRUM
3.8
THE
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
HEAT, LIGHT
AND
`CHEMICAL
RAYS
3.9
THE
ORIGIN
OF
THE
FRAUNHOFER
LINES
3.10
A KEY
OBSERVATION
BY FOUCAULT
AS A STEP
TOWARDS
UNDERSTANDING
THE
FRAUNHOFER
SPECTRUM
3.11
KIRCHHOFF
ANNOUNCES
THE
PRESENCE
OF SODIUM
IN
THE
SUN
XI
X111
XV
XV
XV
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
5
5
6
9
11
15
15
16
16
17
19
21
21
21
22
22
23
24
25
25
26
27
27
V
VI
CONTENTS
3.12 THE
EMISSION
AND
ABSORPTION OF
RADIATION:
THE THEORETICAL
WORK
OF
BALFOUR
STEWART
AND
KIRCHHOFF
3.13 FURTHER
LABORATORY
WORK
IN
THE
ANALYSIS
OF
FLAME,
ARC AND
SPARK SPECTRA
3.14 BUNSEN
AND
KIRCHHOFF:
CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS OF
THE
SOLAR
SPECTRUM
3.15
REACTIONS
TO
THE
WORK OF
KIRCHHOFF
AND
BUNSEN
4
EARLY
PIONEERS
IN
STELLAR
SPECTROSCOPY
4.1
STELLAR
SPECTROSCOPY
BEFORE
1860
4.2 STELLAR
SPECTROSCOPY:
A
NEW
BEGINNING
4.3 LEWIS
RUTHERFURD
4.4
EARLY
SPECTROSCOPY
AT
GREENWICH
4.5
ANGELO
SECCHI
AND SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
4.6 WILLIAM
HUGGINS
AND STELLAR COMPOSITION
4.7
WOLF
AND
RAYET
AND
THEIR
EMISSION-LINE
STARS
4.8
HUGGINS
LATER
WORK:
COMETS
AND
THE
DOPPLER
EFFECT
4.9 HENRY
DRAPER,
WM HUGGINS
AND SPECTRUM
PHOTOGRAPHY
4.10 HERMANN
CARL VOGEL
4.11
THE
DISCOVERY
OF
HELIUM
4.12
VOGEL S
SECOND
CLASSIFICATION
4.13 VOGEL
AND PHOTOGRAPHIC
RADIAL-VELOCITY
DETERMINATIONS
4.14 NORMAN
LOCKYER
AND
THE
METEORITIC
HYPOTHESIS
4.15 NEW
SOUTHERN
EMISSION-LINE
STARS:
HERSCHEL,
ELLERY, PECHUELE,
COPELAND
4.16 THE
SPECTRA
OF RED
STARS:
D ARREST,
DUNER, ESPIN
4.17
NICHOLAS
VON
KONKOLY,
EUGEN
VON
GOTHARD
AND
THE
FIRST
SUPERNOVA
SPECTRUM
4.18
SPECTRUM
PHOTOGRAPHY
IN
THE
1890S:
MCCLEAN,
SCHEMER, SIDGREAVES
5
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
AT
HARVARD
5.1 EDWARD
PICKERING
AT
HARVARD
COLLEGE
OBSERVATORY
5.2 MRS
DRAPER
AND
THE
HENRY
DRAPER
MEMORIAL
5.3
WILLIAMINA
FLEMING
AND
THE
DRAPER
MEMORIAL
CATALOGUE
5.4
ESTABLISHMENT
OF
THE
BOYDEN
STATION
AT
AREQUIPA,
PERU
5.5
THE
MAURY
CLASSIFICATION
5.6
ANTONIA
MAURY S
`COLLATERAL
DIVISIONS
BASED
ON
LINE
WIDTH
5.7
IONIZED
HELIUM
LINES
AND
THE
PICKERING
SERIES
5.8
ANNIE CANNON
AND
THE
HARVARD
CLASSIFICATION OF
1901
5.9
ANNIE
CANNON S
CLASSIFICATIONS
OF
1912
5.10
THE
1910
MEETING OF
THE
INTERNATIONAL
SOLAR UNION
AND
THE
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
QUESTIONNAIRE
5.11
WILLIAMINA
FLEMING S
WORK
ON STARS
WITH PECULIAR
SPECTRA
5.12
EMISSION-LINE
STARS
CATALOGUED
BY ANNIE
CANNON
5.13
THE HENRY
DRAPER
CATALOGUE:
PROGRAMME
INITIATED
BY PICKERING
AND
CANNON
5.14
PUBLICATION
OF
THE
HD
CATALOGUE
5.15
THE
HENRY DRAPER
EXTENSION
5.16
STATISTICAL
ANALYSIS OF
THE
HD
DATA: SHAPLEY
AND
GALACTIC
STRUCTURE
6
THE DOPPLER
EFFECT
6.1
EARLY
HISTORY
OF
THE
DOPPLER
EFFECT
6.2
FIZEAU
AND
MACH
AND
THE
CONCEPT
OF
LINE
DISPLACEMENTS
6.3
FIRST
ATTEMPTS
TO
OBSERVE
DOPPLER
SHIFTS
BY SECCHI
AND
HUGGINS
6.4
VISUAL DOPPLER
SHIFT
PROGRAMMES OF
MAUNDER
AND
CHRISTIE (GREENWICH)
AND
SEABROKE (RUGBY)
6.5
THE DOPPLER
EFFECT
AND SOLAR
ROTATION
6.6
VISUAL
RADIAL-VELOCITY
MEASUREMENTS
BY KEELER
AT
LICK
6.7
PHOTOGRAPHIC
RADIAL-VELOCITY
WORK
BY VOGEL
AND
SCHEINER
AT
POTSDAM
CONTENTS
VII
6.8 RADIAL-VELOCITY
WORK
OF
BELOPOLSKY
AT
PULKOVA
6.9 RADIAL-VELOCITY
PROGRAMMES
IN
THE
UNITED
STATES,
FRANCE
AND
BRITAIN
IN
THE
1890S
6.10 WILLIAM W. CAMPBELL
6.11 THE D.
O.
MILLS
EXPEDITION
TO
CHILE
6.12
CAMPBELL,
WRIGHT
AND
MOORE
AT
LICK
6.13
CAMPBELL S
ANALYSIS
OF SOLAR
MOTION
6.14 NEW
RADIAL-VELOCITY
PROGRAMMES ESTABLISHED
EARLY
IN
THE TWENTIETH
CENTURY
6.15 THE MT WILSON
RADIAL-VELOCITY PROGRAMME
6.16 HIGH-VELOCITY
STARS AND
THE
DISCOVERY
OF GALACTIC
ROTATION
6.17 JOHN
PLASKETT
AT
THE
DOMINION
ASTROPHYSICAL
OBSERVATORY, VICTORIA
6.18 EDWIN
FROST
AT
YERKES OBSERVATORY
6.19
CEPHEID
VARIABLES AND
THE
PULSATION
THEORY
6.20
THE
INTERNATIONAL
ASTRONOMICAL
UNION
AND
RADIAL-VELOCITY
PROGRAMMES
6.21
STANDARD
WAVELENGTHS
AND
STANDARD
STARS
6.22
RADIAL-VELOCITY
CATALOGUES
6.23
RADIAL-VELOCITY
PROGRAMMES
IN
THE
1930S: DAVID DUNLAP
AND
MCDONALD
OBSERVATORIES
6.24
RADIAL-VELOCITY
WORK
IN
THE
SOVIET
UNION
AND
IN
THE
SOUTHERN
HEMISPHERE, 1930-1950
6.25
THE WILSON
GENERAL
CATALOGUE
6.26
CHANGING
TRENDS
IN
RADIAL-VELOCITY
RESEARCH
FROM
THE
1950S
6.27 EMPIRICAL
CONFIRMATION
OF
DOPPLER
AND
GRAVITATIONAL
SHIFTS
6.28 OBJECTIVE
PRISM
RADIAL VELOCITIES
6.29 PHOTOELECTRIC
RADIAL
VELOCITIES
6.30 NEW
RADIAL-VELOCITY
CATALOGUES
OF
THE
LATE
TWENTIETH
CENTURY
6.31
STELLAR
ROTATION
6.32
ROTATION
IN BINARY
STARS
6.33
ROTATION
IN
SINGLE
STARS AND
THE
CORRELATION
WITH SPECTRAL
TYPE
6.34 THE
DISCOVERY
OF
EXTRASOLAR PLANETS
7
THE INTERPRETATION
OF STELLAR
SPECTRA AND
THE
BIRTH
OF ASTROPHYSICS
7.1
SOME
EARLY
THEORIES
OF STELLAR
EVOLUTION
7.2 HERTZSPRUNG S
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
MAURY
C-TYPE STARS
7.3 MONCK S
ANALYSIS
OF
PROPER
MOTION
AND
LUMINOSITY
7.4 RUSSELL S
WORK ON
LUMINOSITY
AND SPECTRAL
TYPE,
AND
HIS
RELATIONSHIP
TO
HERTZSPRUNG
7.5 ADAMS
AND
KOHLSCHUETTER S
WORK
ON
LUMINOSITY
EFFECTS
IN
STELLAR
SPECTRA
7.6
NEW
DEVELOPMENTS IN
ATOMIC
PHYSICS
AND
THEIR
INFLUENCE
ON ASTROPHYSICS
7.7
THE
FIRST
STELLAR
TEMPERATURES
MEASURED
BY
WILSING
AND
SCHEMER
7.8
PHOTOGRAPHICALLY
DETERMINED
STELLAR
ENERGY
DISTRIBUTIONS
7.9
FURTHER
VISUAL SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
AT
POTSDAM
7.10
SAHA
AND
THE THEORY
OF
IONIZATION
7.11
SAHA S
ANALYSIS OF
THE
SEQUENCE OF
HARVARD
SPECTRAL
TYPES
7.12
FOWLER
AND
MILNE
AND
THE
METHOD OF
LINE
STRENGTH
MAXIMA
7.13
IONIZATION
THEORY
AND
LUMINOSITY
EFFECTS
IN
STELLAR
SPECTRA
7.14
CECILIA
PAYNE
AND
THE
EMPIRICAL CONFIRMATION OF
IONIZATION
THEORY
7.15
THE RUSSELL-ADAMS-MOORE
ANALYSIS OF
THE
SOLAR SPECTRUM
7.16
RUSSELL
AND
ADAMS
ON STELLAR COMPOSITION
7.17
UNSOELD
AND
RUSSELL
ON
THE
COMPOSITION OF
THE
SUN
7.18
THE
FIRST
CURVE OF
GROWTH
7.19
THE
CURVE
OF GROWTH APPLIED
TO
INTERSTELLAR
AND STELLAR
LINES
7.20
THE
GRADIENT
EFFECT AND STELLAR
ATMOSPHERIC
TURBULENCE
91
92
94
95
97
99
99
100
100
101
102
104
106
106
107
108
108
109
110
111
111
114
116
116
117
118
120
127
127
127
129
129
132
133
133
134
135
135
136
137
138
138
140
140
141
142
144
146
VIII
CONTENTS
7.21
SUBSEQUENT
WORK
IN
SOLAR
SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
AND
THE
UTRECHT
SOLAR ATLAS
7.22
KENNETH WRIGHT
AND
THE
SOLAR
CURVE OF GROWTH
8 SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION:
FROM
THE
HENRY
DRAPER
CATALOGUE
TO THE
MK
SYSTEM
AND
BEYOND
8.1
THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL
ASTRONOMICAL
UNION
MEETING
IN ROME,
MAY 1922
8.2 THE
CLASSIFICATION
OF
0
STARS
8.3 SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
OF
NEBULAE
8.4 THE
SPECTROSCOPY
OF
NORMAL
B
STARS
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.8.1
8.8.2
8.8.3
8.8.4
8.8.5
8.4.1 LINE
STRENGTHS,
SPECTRAL
TYPES
AND
THE
SINGLET-TRIPLET
ANOMALY
8.4.2
THE
STARK
EFFECT,
LUMINOSITY
CRITERIA
AND
SPECTROSCOPIC
PARALLAXES
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
PROGRAMMES
IN
THE
1920S
AND
1930S
BERTIL LINDBLAD
AND
THE
SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
OF
LATE-TYPE
STARS
BARBIER,
CHALONGE
AND
THE
BALMER
JUMP
TO
THE
MKK
CLASSIFICATION
AND
BEYOND
THE
ORIGINS
OF
THE
MKK
TWO-DIMENSIONAL
CLASSIFICATION
THE
MKK
ATLAS
OF
STELLAR SPECTRA
SOME
COMMENTARIES
ON
THE
MKK
SYSTEM
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
AT
YERKES
AFTER
THE
MKK
THE
MK
SYSTEM
8.9 THE
CLASSIFICATION
OF
THE
CARBON
STARS
8.9.1 INTRODUCTION
AND
SUMMARY
OF PRINCIPAL
BAND
SYSTEMS
8.9.2
CLASSIFICATION
OF CARBON
STARS AFTER
THE
HD CATALOGUE
8.9.3
OTHER
PROPOSED
CARBON
STAR CLASSIFICATIONS
8.9.4
CARBON
ISOTOPE
RATIOS
AND
THE
J-TYPE
STARS
8.9.5
CARBON
STAR
CATALOGUES
8.10 THE
CLASSIFICATION
AND
SPECTRA
OF
S
STARS
8.10.1
S
STARS,
1922-1970
8.10.2 A
NEW UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
S
SPECTRAL
TYPE,
FROM
1970
8.11 VANADIUM
OXIDE AND
METALLIC
HYDRIDES
IN
THE
M-TYPE
STARS
8.12
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
1970-2000
8.13 THE
DISCOVERY
OF
BROWN DWARFS
AND
THE
INTRODUCTION
OF
THE
L
AND
T
SPECTRAL
TYPES
8.13.1 THE
DISCOVERY
OF
BROWN
DWARFS
8.13.2
THE LITHIUM
TEST
FOR BROWN
DWARFS
8.13.3 NEW
SPECTRAL
CLASSES
L
AND
T
9 SPECTROSCOPY
OF
PECULIAR STARS
9.1 INTRODUCTION
TO
PECULIAR
STARS
9.2
CARLYLE BEALS
AND
THE
WOLF-RAYET
CLASSIFICATION
9.3
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
OF NOVAE
9.3.1
NOVA
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
BY WILLIAMS
9.4
EMISSION
LINE
B
STARS:
THE
BE
STARS
9.4.1
HERBIG
AE
AND
BE
STARS
9.5
THE
PECULIAR
A-TYPE
STARS: AN
ASTROPHYSICAL
ENIGMA
9.5.1
DISCOVERY
OF PECULIAR
A
STARS
AND EARLY PROGRESS
UP
TO
1930
9.5.2
W. W.
MORGAN
AND
AP
STARS,
1931-1935
9.5.3
HORACE
BABCOCK
AND MAGNETIC
FIELDS
IN
THE
AP
STARS
9.5.4
THE
OBLIQUE ROTATOR
MODEL
FOR
MAGNETIC
STARS
9.5.5
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
OF
AP
STARS
9.5.6 THE
MANGANESE
STARS
AND OTHER
EARLY-TYPE
PECULIAR
STARS
9.5.7
CHEMICALLY
PECULIAR STARS
148
149
152
152
153
155
158
158
160
162
165
165
168
168
170
170
171
173
173
173
175
177
178
179
179
179
182
182
184
185
185
185
186
193
193
193
196
199
201
204
205
205
206
207
208
209
209
210
CONTENTS
IX
9.6
THE
A
BOOETIS
STARS
9.7
THE
METALLIC-LINE STARS
(AM)
9.7.1 EARLY HISTORY
TO
1960
OF
AM
STARS
9.7.2 CLARIFICATION
OF
SOME
OF
THE
METALLIC-LINE PROBLEMS
9.7.3 AM
STARS
FROM
1970
9.8
WHITE
DWARF
SPECTRA
9.8.1 DISCOVERY
OF
THREE
WHITE
DWARFS
9.8.2
THE
EINSTEIN
REDSHIFT
9.8.3
NEW
WHITE
DWARFS
IN
THE
1930S
9.8.4
LUYTEN S
WHITE
DWARF
DISCOVERIES
AND SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION
SCHEME
9.8.5
CLASSIFICATION
AND ANALYSIS
OF
WHITE
DWARF
SPECTRA,
1957-1967
9.8.6
THE
1983
SION
SPECTRAL
CLASSIFICATION
9.9
THE
HYDROGEN-DEFICIENT
STARS
9.10
THE
T TAURI
VARIABLE
STARS
9.11
THE
BARIUM
STARS
9.12
THE DISCOVERY
OF
CH
STARS
9.13
SYMBIOTIC
STARS
9.14 THE
SPECTRA
OF
SUPERNOVAE
9.14.1
A
NOTE
ON
THE
PAUCITY
OF
BRIGHT
SUPERNOVAE
9.14.2
S ANDROMEDAE
AND
Z CENTAURI
9.14.3
SUPERNOVA
SPECTROSCOPY
TO
1937
9.14.4
THE
CLASSIFICATION
OF SUPERNOVA
SPECTRA
9.14.5
FURTHER
REFINEMENTS
IN
SUPERNOVA SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION
9.14.6
THE
SUPERNOVA
SN1987A
IN
THE
LARGE MAGELLANIC
CLOUD
10
QUANTITATIVE
ANALYSIS
OF STELLAR
SPECTRA
10.1
INTRODUCTION
10.2 STELLAR
COLOUR
TEMPERATURES
FROM
1925
10.3 EARLY
MODEL
STELLAR
ATMOSPHERES
10.4 RUPERT
WILDT
AND
THE
NEGATIVE
HYDROGEN
ION
10.5 EARLY
MODEL
ATMOSPHERES
IN
THE
1940S
AFTER
WILDT S
DISCOVERY
10.6 EMPIRICAL
AND
THEORETICAL
SOLAR
MODELS
AND
THE
LINE-BLANKETING
PROBLEM
10.7 SUCCESSIVE
REFINEMENTS
TO
STELLAR
MODEL ATMOSPHERES
FROM
1940
10.7.1
CONVECTION
AND
LINE
BLANKETING
IN
EARLY MODEL
ATMOSPHERES
10.7.2 THE
GREAT
DEBATE:
LTE
VERSUS
NON-LTE
MODELS
10.8 THE
ANALYSIS
OF STELLAR
SPECTRA:
FOUR
BASIC
PREREQUISITES
10.8.1 THE
EFFECT OF
ADOPTED
TEMPERATURE
ON
DERIVED
ABUNDANCES
10.8.2 EQUIVALENT
WIDTHS
OF
LINES
BY
MICRODENSITOMETRY
10.8.3 LINE IDENTIFICATION
IN
STANDARD
STARS
10.8.4 THE
NEED
FOR
ABSOLUTE OSCILLATOR
STRENGTHS
10.8.5
BLACKWELL S
PRECISE
OXFORD
OSCILLATOR
STRENGTHS,
AND
THE
GREAT SOLAR
IRON
ABUNDANCE
CONTROVERSY
10.9 FOUR
PIONEERS
IN
STELLAR ABUNDANCE ANALYSIS:
UNSOELD,
GREENSTEIN,
ALLER, WRIGHT
10.9.1
UNSOELD
AND
T
SCO:
THE
METHOD OF
`GROBANALYSE
10.9.2 GREENSTEIN
AND
THE
DIFFERENTIAL
ANALYSIS OF
F
STARS
10.9.3 ALLER S
ABUNDANCE ANALYSES
10.9.4 KENNETH
WRIGHT
AND
THE
ANALYSIS OF
FOUR
SOLAR-TYPE
STARS
10.9.5 CONCLUDING
REMARKS ON ABUNDANCE ANALYSES
IN
THE
1940S
10.10
ABUNDANCE
ANALYSES
FROM
1950
10.10.1
OVERVIEW 1950-1970:
WHO ANALYSED WHICH STARS WHEN, WHERE
AND
HOW?
212
215
215
216
217
218
218
220
221
222
223
224
224
227
231
233
234
237
237
237
238
239
240
242
253
253
254
256
258
260
262
264
264
266
268
268
268
269
271
273
274
274
275
277
279
280
281
281
X
CONTENTS
10.10.2
ABUNDANCE
ANALYSES
OF STARS OF
THE
HALO
POPULATION
10.10.3
G DWARFS
ANALYSED
BY WALLERSTEIN
AND OTHERS
10.10.4
LITHIUM IN
THE
SUN
AND OTHER STARS
10.10.5 HD 33579
AND
THE
FIRST
SPECTRAL
ANALYSIS OF AN EXTRAGALACTIC
STAR
10.11 STELLAR
ELEMENT
ABUNDANCES
IN
THE
LATE
TWENTIETH
CENTURY
10.11.1 NEW
DETERMINATIONS
OF
IRON-TO-HYDROGEN
RATIOS
[FE/H]
10.11.2
URANIUM
AND
THORIUM
LINES
AND
THEIR
USE
IN
COSMOCHRONOLOGY
10.11.3
THE
GREAT
POPULATION III
TREASURE
HUNT
10.11.4
THE
AGE-METALLICITY
RELATIONSHIP
IN
THE
GALACTIC
DISK
11
SOME
MISCELLANEOUS
TOPICS
IN
STELLAR SPECTROSCOPY:
INDIVIDUAL
STARS OF NOTE,
STELLAR
CHROMOSPHERES,
INTERSTELLAR
LINES
AND ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY
FROM
SPACE
11.1
INTRODUCTION
11.2
SOME INDIVIDUAL
STARS
OF NOTE
11.2.1
THE
SPECTRUM OF
P
CYGNI
11.2.2
9
CARINAE
11.2.3
HE3
IN
3
CENA
11.2.4
PRZYBYLSKI S
STAR,
HD 101065
11.2.5 THE
AMAZING
DOPPLER
SHIFTS
OF
SS
433
11.2.6
THE
REMARKABLE
SPECTRA OF
THE
POST-AGB STARS,
FG
SAGITTAE
AND
SAKURAI S
OBJECT
11.3 EMISSION LINES
AT
H
AND
K
AND
THE
WILSON-BAPPU
EFFECT
11.4
INTERSTELLAR
ABSORPTION
LINES
AND
THE
DAWN
OF
ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY
FROM
SPACE
11.4.1
THE DISCOVERY
OF
INTERSTELLAR
ABSORPTION
LINES
11.4.2
NEW INTERSTELLAR LINES
AND
BANDS
AND
LATER
RESEARCH
11.4.3
THE DAWN
OF ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY
FROM
SPACE
11.5
ULTRAVIOLET
STELLAR SPECTROSCOPY
FROM
SATELLITES
11.5.1
THE ORBITING ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATORIES
11.5.2
ULTRAVIOLET
SPECTROSCOPY
WITH
EUROPE S TD-1
SATELLITE
11.5.3 THE
INTERNATIONAL
ULTRAVIOLET EXPLORER
11.5.4 THE GODDARD
HIGH
RESOLUTION
SPECTROGRAPH
ON
HUBBLE
FIGURE
SOURCES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
APPENDIX
A: LIST
OF SOLAR
LINES DESIGNATED BY LETTERS
BY FRAUNHOFER
AND OTHERS
APPENDIX B:
VOGEL S FIRST
SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
OF
1874
INDEX
OF NAMES
INDEX
OF STAR NAMES
INDEX
OF SPECTRAL
LINES
INDEX
OF SUBJECTS
284
287
288
291
292
292
293
293
295
304
304
304
304
306
309
309
310
311
313
315
315
317
319
321
321
322
322
323
329
337
339
341
349
353
355
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Hearnshaw, John B. 1946- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1053301707 |
| author_facet | Hearnshaw, John B. 1946- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Hearnshaw, John B. 1946- |
| author_variant | j b h jb jbh |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV041812255 |
| classification_rvk | US 4040 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)881694035 (DE-599)BVBBV041812255 |
| discipline | Physik |
| edition | Second edition |
| era | Geschichte 1700-2000 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1700-2000 |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV041812255 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:05:57Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781107031746 1107031745 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027257580 |
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| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-210 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | xvi, 367 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme 26 cm |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Hearnshaw, John B. 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)1053301707 aut The analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy John B. Hearnshaw Second edition New York, NY Cambridge University Press 2014 xvi, 367 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme 26 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke "This is the story of the analysis of starlight by astronomical spectroscopy, spanning from Joseph Fraunhofer's discovery of spectral lines in the early nineteenth century through to around the year 2000. In addition to the key discoveries, it presents the culture and social history of stellar astrophysics by introducing the leading astronomers, their struggles, triumphs and disagreements. Basic concepts in spectroscopy and spectral analysis are included, so both observational and theoretical aspects are described, in a non-mathematical framework. This new edition covers the final decades of the twentieth century, with its major advances in stellar astrophysics: the discovery of extrasolar planets, new classes of stars and the observation of the ultraviolet spectra of stars from satellites. The in-depth coverage of the subject makes it essential reading for graduate students working in stellar spectroscopy, as well as a major reference for professional and amateur astronomers and historians of science"--Provided by publisher Geschichte 1700-2000 gnd rswk-swf Astronomical spectroscopy / History Geschichte Astrospektroskopie (DE-588)4143256-3 gnd rswk-swf Stern (DE-588)4057342-4 gnd rswk-swf Spektroskopie (DE-588)4056138-0 gnd rswk-swf Astrospektroskopie (DE-588)4143256-3 s Geschichte 1700-2000 z DE-604 Spektroskopie (DE-588)4056138-0 s Stern (DE-588)4057342-4 s Digitalisierung Deutsches Museum application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027257580&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Hearnshaw, John B. 1946- The analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy Astronomical spectroscopy / History Geschichte Astrospektroskopie (DE-588)4143256-3 gnd Stern (DE-588)4057342-4 gnd Spektroskopie (DE-588)4056138-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4143256-3 (DE-588)4057342-4 (DE-588)4056138-0 |
| title | The analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy |
| title_auth | The analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy |
| title_exact_search | The analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy |
| title_full | The analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy John B. Hearnshaw |
| title_fullStr | The analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy John B. Hearnshaw |
| title_full_unstemmed | The analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy John B. Hearnshaw |
| title_short | The analysis of starlight |
| title_sort | the analysis of starlight two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy |
| title_sub | two centuries of astronomical spectroscopy |
| topic | Astronomical spectroscopy / History Geschichte Astrospektroskopie (DE-588)4143256-3 gnd Stern (DE-588)4057342-4 gnd Spektroskopie (DE-588)4056138-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Astronomical spectroscopy / History Geschichte Astrospektroskopie Stern Spektroskopie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027257580&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hearnshawjohnb theanalysisofstarlighttwocenturiesofastronomicalspectroscopy |