The Iron Storm: the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974
By the time of the unexpected military coup of 1967, the state and society of Greece had reached a specious political stability, one imposed under the tutelage of the right, the increasingly reactionary monarchy, and the American hegemony as expressed by the U.S. Embassy and the Pentagon. They domin...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
[Bloomington, IN]
Xlibris Corp.
2013
|
| Ausgabe: | Rev. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | By the time of the unexpected military coup of 1967, the state and society of Greece had reached a specious political stability, one imposed under the tutelage of the right, the increasingly reactionary monarchy, and the American hegemony as expressed by the U.S. Embassy and the Pentagon. They dominated the armed forces and the Western-oriented elite, which agreed to the suppression of dissent from the marginalized and persecuted left. Although The Iron Strom appears to concentrate on the shocked and overwhelmed intelligentsia as it launched its counterattack with dissident publications, it is more accurately a large-scale study of Greek literary culture from the time of the Nazi Occupation, the Civil War (the final manifestation of the Greco-Greek War) unresolved since the founding of the state and the decades-long post war era. Since the Greek nation was part of the European community and NATO, the Greeks assumed that these provided them with rights and privileges that could not easily be negated and ignored. But it was the Junta, brutal toward the elite as well as the left, that showed them how meaningless these were and provided them with insights into how they should go about viewing their role as a vassal state and achieve a true stability |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 241-247) |
| Beschreibung: | 247 S. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781456838409 9781456838416 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
.11
Chapter One: The Night of the Coup
.13
Memoir of events chronologically arranged explaining political and
cultural events in context. Many of these are published accounts; the
rest are personal interviews.
Chapter Two: Civil War Novels
.35
"Reds" and "Blues". Topic is introduced by a brief discussion of the diptych
Invalids and Wayfarers by George Theoto
kas.
The "Reds" are represented
by Dimitris Hatzis and
Kostas
Kotzias, who because of their political
orientation were either imprisoned or lived in exile after the Civil War;
the "Blues" are represented by Rodis Roufos, Theofilos Frangopoulos,
Nikos Kasdaglis, and Alekos Kotzias, whose fiction either supported the
government or stressed impartiality. They remained in Greece to form the
group dissident to the Junta that eventually produced The
18
Texts.
Chapter Three: George Theotokas and George Seferis
.57
Two friends, whose correspondence illustrates the differing attitudes
toward the role of art and politics. Theotokas gloried in his participation in
political controversies, but was to die before the coup, while Seferis, against
an artist's involvement in political issues, having been awarded the Nobel
Prize, was subjected to much pressure to take a stand against the Junta,
Chapter Four: Debate Between Theotokas and Sawas Constantopoulos
.66
Carried out in the press, Theotokas in The National Crisis and
Constantopoulos in a series of lectures later published as The Fear of
Dictatorship, put into perspective the political issues facing Greece in
The Sixties.
Chapter Five: The Greek Case at the Council of Europe
.82
Leading to Strasbourg and the eventual international exposure of the
Junta's human rights record, the Scandinavian countries dominate the
investigation of the practices of intimidation and torture of the Greek
dictatorship, exposing previously discounted claims by Western media
and succeeding in establishing factual bases, provoking Greece's decision
to withdraw from Council rather than face expulsion.
Chapter Six: Voices from the Swamp
.95
The Greeklings, a novel by Rod is Roufos that posed the Greek world
between East and West (NATO) and the Soviet Bloc as a stand-in for
Rome and
M
Ith
ridâtes,
withdrawn from circulation by the writer after
the coup undermined his beliefs.
Angełos
Terzakis, leading litterateur of
the Generation of the
1930s,
destroyed the final, issue of Epoches, the
most prestigious periodical of contemporary Greece, before it circulated.
As a protest against censorship, intellectuals and writers decided not to
publish.
Chapter Seven: Preparations to Strike Back
.103
Reluctant and restive, writers came to realize that the strike had gone
on too long and threatened cultural life. Artistic stirrings needed only a
goad to unite and protest the situation. The goad was provided when
Renos Apostolidis approached Dictator Papadopoulos to silence European
claims of cultural stagnation. Newspapers were compelled to submit
to the weekly publication of his father's excellent Anthology for the
"edification" of the Greek people, thus violating copyright.
Chapter Eight: A Reluctant Seferis Emerges
.110
Eighteen intellectuals gather to protest violation of copyright.
Costas
Tachtsis, writer of the justly famous Third Wedding Wreath among other
edgy works (and unapologetictransvestite/homosexual prostitute, later
murdered), shifts the protest from narrow issues of censorship to a frontal
attack on the Junta. Because of issues previously cited in Chapter Three,
George Seferis is reluctant to violate his long-standing refusal to mix
politics and artistic issues. He is under social pressure from most Greeks,
including his wife, and finally emerges as leader of the protest.
Chapter Nine: The Role of
Nana Kallianesì
.117
Eighteen signatories, not the initial eighteen, agree to contribute to the
publication of an issue protesting the Junta. Initially timid, the book is the
first major challenge to censorship. The texts are orchestrated and edited
by Rodis Roufos and Frangopoulos with works by Nikos Kasdaglis, and
Alekos Kotzias, (see Chapter One). With the addition of Alekos Argyriou,
they search for a publisher willing to challenge the Junta. Kedros Press
undertakes this publication while other establishment publishers, do
not participate.
Chapter Ten: The
18
Texts Themselves
.129
Discussion of contribution and reception of publication abroad.
Chapter Eleven: Rewards of Persistence
.140
Aftermath of the
18
Texts, including the more aggressive and fearless
New Texts and Continuation. Communists Yiannis Ritsos and
Kostas
Vamalis, previously suppressed, reappear in print through the agency
of Alekos Argyriou.
Chapter Twelve: New Novels
.151
The Mission Box, an unusual Kafkaesque novel told through the point of
view of a committed communist who tries to explain how the mission
he was on failed and why he is the only survivor. This is a work critical
of communist leadership, which is branded as duplicitous by a party
dissident, born in St. Petersburg, and exiled many times in Greece, whose
cousin was executed in the Soviet Union. Philhellenes, an epistolary novel
presenting a cross-section of youthful participants in the cultural life of
post-war Greece with poignant biographies of their class and political
commitments. Most of them are now "PhiiheUenes", not Hellenes, since
their citizenship had been revoked by the government because of their
political activities. For the first time after the fall of the Junta the Greek
Embassy in Paris acknowledges their numerous existence in Paris.
Chapter Thirteen: Assessments, Happy and Sad
.172
After the Junta's collapse, Greeks reassess their rigid and uncompromising
attitudes toward the language issue, socio-political prejudice that
characterized their national life, and their dependence on the largesse
of the United States.
APPENDICES
1.
Kitsos Maltezos
.193
The literary, psychological, and historical effects of the murder by
Communist youth of the last lineal
descendent
of Revolutionary War
hero, Gen. Makriyiannis. The trilogy, Chronicle of
о
Crusade
by Rodis
Roufos, is dedicated to Maltezos and proves to be the catalyst to
partisan disputes that color the intellectual life of post-war Greece.
2.
Grigoris Lambrakis
.198
A recap of the assassination of the noted deputy in
Thessaloniki,
the
Vasilis Vassilikos novel, Z, and the Costa-Gavras film based upon it.
3.
Alekos Panagoulis and Orianna
Fallaci
.209
The couple that almost brought down the Junta and exhibited
Panagoulis as the most feared opponent of the dictatorship.
4.
Mikis Theodorakis
.217
Most Greeks are aware of the importance of Theodorakis but almost
a half-century later Anglo-American reader need reminding.
5.
The Polytechnic Uprising
.226
The bloody resistance to the Junta Brigadier loannidis, chief of
the military police and C.I.A. stalwart who supplanted Dictator
Papadopoulos. He engineered the disastrous attack on Archbishop
Makarios,
whom Henry Kissinger considered the "Castro of the
Mediterranean" and provided the pretext for the Turkish invasion
of Cyprus that resulted in the partition of the Island Republic, after
Kissinger signaled the US was "tilting" toward Turkey. The date of the
bloody riot was November
17,
name of the later group, considered
"terroristic".
6.
Academy of Athens
.235
Attempts by Academicians and establishment figures to "correct the
record" and explain and their quiescent role during the seven-year
dictatorship.
7.
Funeral of Seferis
.237
The Junta attempted to forbid the mass outpouring of grief and
resistance. This chapter uses reportage in Kevin Andrews' fine, largely
forgotten, and thus ignored book, Greece in the Dark.
Bibliography
.241
Notations
.247
Index
.249 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Doulis, Thomas |
| author_facet | Doulis, Thomas |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Doulis, Thomas |
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| building | Verbundindex |
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| callnumber-raw | DF853 |
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| callnumber-sort | DF 3853 |
| callnumber-subject | DF - Greece |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)880909432 (DE-599)BVBBV041742054 |
| dewey-full | 889.090034 |
| dewey-hundreds | 800 - Literature (Belles-lettres) and rhetoric |
| dewey-ones | 889 - Modern Greek literature |
| dewey-raw | 889.090034 |
| dewey-search | 889.090034 |
| dewey-sort | 3889.090034 |
| dewey-tens | 880 - Classical Greek & Hellenic literatures |
| discipline | Philologie / Byzantinistik / Neulatein |
| edition | Rev. |
| era | Geschichte 1900-2000 Geschichte 1967-1974 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1900-2000 Geschichte 1967-1974 |
| format | Book |
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| publisher | Xlibris Corp. |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Doulis, Thomas Verfasser aut The Iron Storm the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 a study by Thomas Doulis Rev. [Bloomington, IN] Xlibris Corp. 2013 247 S. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (p. 241-247) By the time of the unexpected military coup of 1967, the state and society of Greece had reached a specious political stability, one imposed under the tutelage of the right, the increasingly reactionary monarchy, and the American hegemony as expressed by the U.S. Embassy and the Pentagon. They dominated the armed forces and the Western-oriented elite, which agreed to the suppression of dissent from the marginalized and persecuted left. Although The Iron Strom appears to concentrate on the shocked and overwhelmed intelligentsia as it launched its counterattack with dissident publications, it is more accurately a large-scale study of Greek literary culture from the time of the Nazi Occupation, the Civil War (the final manifestation of the Greco-Greek War) unresolved since the founding of the state and the decades-long post war era. Since the Greek nation was part of the European community and NATO, the Greeks assumed that these provided them with rights and privileges that could not easily be negated and ignored. But it was the Junta, brutal toward the elite as well as the left, that showed them how meaningless these were and provided them with insights into how they should go about viewing their role as a vassal state and achieve a true stability Geschichte 1900-2000 Geschichte 1967-1974 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Greek literature, Modern 20th century History and criticism Geistesleben (DE-588)4274490-8 gnd rswk-swf Militärdiktatur (DE-588)4074805-4 gnd rswk-swf Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd rswk-swf Griechenland Greece Intellectual life 20th century Greece History 1967-1974 Greece History 20th Century Griechenland (DE-588)4022047-3 gnd rswk-swf Griechenland (DE-588)4022047-3 g Militärdiktatur (DE-588)4074805-4 s Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 s Geistesleben (DE-588)4274490-8 s Geschichte 1967-1974 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-4568-3842-3 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027188636&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Doulis, Thomas The Iron Storm the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 Geschichte Greek literature, Modern 20th century History and criticism Geistesleben (DE-588)4274490-8 gnd Militärdiktatur (DE-588)4074805-4 gnd Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4274490-8 (DE-588)4074805-4 (DE-588)4125698-0 (DE-588)4022047-3 |
| title | The Iron Storm the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 |
| title_auth | The Iron Storm the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 |
| title_exact_search | The Iron Storm the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 |
| title_full | The Iron Storm the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 a study by Thomas Doulis |
| title_fullStr | The Iron Storm the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 a study by Thomas Doulis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Iron Storm the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 a study by Thomas Doulis |
| title_short | The Iron Storm |
| title_sort | the iron storm the impact on greek culture of the military junta 1967 1974 |
| title_sub | the impact on Greek culture of the Military Junta, 1967 - 1974 |
| topic | Geschichte Greek literature, Modern 20th century History and criticism Geistesleben (DE-588)4274490-8 gnd Militärdiktatur (DE-588)4074805-4 gnd Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geschichte Greek literature, Modern 20th century History and criticism Geistesleben Militärdiktatur Kultur Griechenland Greece Intellectual life 20th century Greece History 1967-1974 Greece History 20th Century |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027188636&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT doulisthomas theironstormtheimpactongreekcultureofthemilitaryjunta19671974 |