Auditory cognition and human performance: research and applications
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton, FL
CRC Press/Taylor & Francis
2012
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | "Although auditory tasks are important and well recognized, the mental workload associated with auditory processing has received relatively little attention. New and improved neurophysiological methods of examining auditory processing have opened new ways for understanding the relationship between auditory processing and mental workload. Auditory Processing and Mental Workloads brings together for the first time a thorough examination of the information processing demands of auditory signals and provides extensive coverage of topical areas including audition in human factors research, cognitive aspects of auditory processing related to attention, and the impact of advanced auditory displays"-- Provided by publisher. -- "How people acquire and process information has been a fundamental question in psychology since its inception. Cognitive science has devoted much effort to addressing the question, but typically in the domain of vision. Auditory processing has generally received less extensive inquiry, whether in basic perceptual or cognitive psychology or in applied areas such as human factors. Moreover, even within the field of audition, higher-order auditory processes have received less study than such lower-level processes as loudness and pitch perception (Bregman, 1990; Plomp, 2002). Yet over the past two decades there has been a growing base of empirical research on auditory cognition and its role in human performance at work and in everyday life. I describe this work in this book. The notion that listening requires attention and that it can at times be a difficult undertaking is well known to the elementary school teacher. Less well appreciated is the effort that we adults must put forth to comprehend auditory information in our everyday lives. Auditory processing relies on mechanisms of the brain as well as the ear. Describing the mental effort involved in t Includes bibliographical references (p. 261-314) and index |
Beschreibung: | xvii, 325 p. Ill., graph. Darst. 25 cm |
ISBN: | 9780415325943 |
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500 | |a "Although auditory tasks are important and well recognized, the mental workload associated with auditory processing has received relatively little attention. New and improved neurophysiological methods of examining auditory processing have opened new ways for understanding the relationship between auditory processing and mental workload. Auditory Processing and Mental Workloads brings together for the first time a thorough examination of the information processing demands of auditory signals and provides extensive coverage of topical areas including audition in human factors research, cognitive aspects of auditory processing related to attention, and the impact of advanced auditory displays"-- Provided by publisher. -- "How people acquire and process information has been a fundamental question in psychology since its inception. Cognitive science has devoted much effort to addressing the question, but typically in the domain of vision. Auditory processing has generally received less extensive inquiry, whether in basic perceptual or cognitive psychology or in applied areas such as human factors. Moreover, even within the field of audition, higher-order auditory processes have received less study than such lower-level processes as loudness and pitch perception (Bregman, 1990; Plomp, 2002). Yet over the past two decades there has been a growing base of empirical research on auditory cognition and its role in human performance at work and in everyday life. I describe this work in this book. The notion that listening requires attention and that it can at times be a difficult undertaking is well known to the elementary school teacher. Less well appreciated is the effort that we adults must put forth to comprehend auditory information in our everyday lives. Auditory processing relies on mechanisms of the brain as well as the ear. Describing the mental effort involved in t | ||
500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 261-314) and index | ||
650 | 4 | |a Listening | |
650 | 4 | |a Auditory perception | |
650 | 4 | |a Cognition | |
650 | 4 | |a Ability | |
650 | 7 | |a TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety |2 bisacsh | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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---|---|
adam_text | Contents/?
List of Figures and Tables
......................................................................................xiii
Preface
......................................................................................................................xv
About the Author
...................................................................................................xvii
Chapter
1
Hearing: The Neglected Sense
.............................................................1
Introduction
..........................................................................................1
The Battle of the Senses: Vision versus Audition
................................2
Early Human Performance Research
...................................................4
Early Developments in Modern Cognitive Psychology
........................4
Sensation and Perception Research
......................................................5
Scope of This Book
..............................................................................6
Characteristics of Auditory Processing
...........................................8
The Auditory Channel
.....................................................................9
Mental Workload
...........................................................................10
Concluding Remarks
..........................................................................10
Chapter
2
The Auditory World
...........................................................................13
Introduction
........................................................................................13
Sources of Sound
................................................................................13
Nonverbal Sounds
..........................................................................13
Sources of Sound in Work Environments
..........................................15
Auditory Warnings
........................................................................16
Nonverbal Alarms
.....................................................................17
Verbal Warnings
.......................................................................18
Auditory Displays
..........................................................................18
Sonification
...............................................................................18
Verbal Displays
.........................................................................19
Summary
.......................................................................................20
Sources of Sound in the Cockpit
........................................................20
Proliferation of Auditory Avionics Displays
.................................20
Auditory Avionics Alarms
........................................................21
Radio Communications (Radiotelephony)
................................22
In-Vehicle Auditory Telematics
..........................................................23
Cellular Phones
..............................................................................23
Hands Free and Voice Activated
..............................................24
Collision Warning Systems
...........................................................24
Displays for Maintenance of Separation
.......................................25
Lane Departure Warnings
.............................................................25
Auditory Route Guidance Systems
................................................26
Voice Guidance Formats
..........................................................27
vi
Contents
Infotainment
Systems
....................................................................28
Sounds in Medical Care Environments
..............................................28
Auditory Devices for the Visually Impaired
......................................29
Summary
............................................................................................29
Concluding Remarks
..........................................................................30
Chapter
3
Auditory Pattern Perception: The Auditory Processing System
........31
Introduction
........................................................................................31
Characteristics of Sound Perception
..................................................31
The Sound Stimulus
......................................................................32
Frequency
.................................................................................32
Amplitude
.................................................................................33
Frequency-Amplitude Interactions
...........................................34
Timbre
.......................................................................................36
Peripheral and Central Auditory Pathways
...................................37
Peripheral Auditory System
......................................................38
Central Auditory Pathways
.......................................................40
Auditory Event-Related Potentials
............................................44
Cerebral Lateral
і
zation
..................................................................45
Music Processing
................................................................................47
Sex Differences in Speech and Music
...........................................47
Essential Auditory Processes
.............................................................48
Sound Localization
........................................................................48
Auditory Space Perception
............................................................48
Auditory Scene Analysis
...............................................................49
Auditory Stream Segregation
...................................................49
Summary
............................................................................................51
Concluding Remarks
..........................................................................52
Chapter
4
Auditory Cognition: The Role of Attention and Cognition in
Auditory Processing
...........................................................................53
Introduction
........................................................................................53
Attention
.............................................................................................53
Early Attention Research
...................................................................54
Dichotic Listening Tasks
...............................................................54
Filter Theories
...............................................................................56
Broadbent s Early Filter Model
................................................56
Treisman s Attenuation Theory
................................................56
Late Selection Models
..............................................................57
Capacity Models
............................................................................57
The Cognitive
Neuroscience
of Attention
.....................................58
Event-Related Potential Indices of Auditory Attention
............58
The Information-Processing Approach
..............................................59
Processing Codes
...........................................................................60
Contents
vii
Processing Operations
...................................................................60
Bottom-Up and
Тор
-Down
Control of Processing
........................61
Atkinson and Shiffrin s Modal Model
..........................................61
Echoic Memory Capacity
..............................................................61
Echoic Persistence
.........................................................................62
Short-Term Auditory Store
.......................................................62
Long-Term Auditory Store
........................................................63
Emerging Developments in Echoic Memory Research
.................63
Implications of Persistence
.......................................................64
Working Memory
...............................................................................64
Short-Term Memory
......................................................................65
Modality Effect
.........................................................................65
Suffix Effect
..............................................................................65
Articulatory Rehearsal
.............................................................66
Acoustic Confusions
.................................................................66
Working Memory Components
.....................................................66
Phonological Loop
....................................................................67
Phonological Store Capacity
.....................................................67
Serial versus Parallel Processing
........................................................68
Artificial Neural Networks
.................................................................69
Summary
............................................................................................70
Concluding Remarks
..........................................................................70
Chapter
5
Theories and Techniques of Mental Workload Assessment
..............71
Introduction..;
.....................................................................................71
Limited-Capacity Models
..................................................................72
Resource Theories
..............................................................................73
Multiple Resource Theory
.............................................................73
Criticisms of Resource Theory
......................................................74
Working Memory Processes
..............................................................76
Multiple Resources
—
Multiple Networks
...........................................77
Mental Workload: Key Constructs
.....................................................81
Time
...............................................................................................
82
Operator State and Strategies
........................................................83
Compensatory Strategies
...............................................................83
Mental Workload Assessment
............................................................84
Sensitivity and Intrusion
................................................................85
Behavioral Task Measures
.............................................................85
Primary Task Measures
............................................................86
Secondary Task Measures
........................................................86
Physiological Measures
.................................................................87
Neurophysiological Techniques
...........-....................................88
ERP Investigations
....................................................................88
Subjective Techniques
...........................................·.......................90
Summary
............................................................................................91
Concluding Remarks
.............................................................*............91
VIU
Contents
Chapter
6
Auditory Tasks in Cognitive Research
...............................................93
Introduction
........................................................................................93
Historical Beginnings
.........................................................................94
Dichotic Listening Tasks
....................................................................97
Encoding and Retrieval Processes
.....................................................98
Auditory Task Indices of Working Memory
......................................99
Working Memory Capacity: Complex Span
.................................99
Listening Span
.............................................................................100
Auditory /i-Back Tasks
.............................................................. .. 101
Psychological Refractory Period
......................................................102
Mental Workload Assessment
..........................................................104
Auditory Secondary Tasks
..........................................................104
Delayed Digit Recall
...............................................................105
Mental Arithmetic
..................................................................105
Auditory ERP Indices of Mental Workload
................................106
Auditory Oddball Paradigm
...................................................106
Irrelevant Probe Task
..............................................................107
Auditory Neuropsychological Tests
.................................................107
Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task
..........................................108
Rey
Auditory Verbal Learning Test
............................................109
Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery
......................109
Speech-Sounds Reception Test
...............................................109
Seashore Rhythm Test
............................................................109
Neurophysiological Investigations
....................................................110
Prepulse Inhibition
......................................................................110
Event-Related Potentials
..............................................................110
Distractibility
..........................................................................
Ill
Diagnostic Uses of MMN
.......................................................
Ill
Auditory Tasks in Cognitive Aging Research
..................................112
Summary
..........................................................................................113
Concluding Remarks
........................................................................113
Chapter
7
Nonverbal Sounds and Workload
.....................................................115
Introduction
......................................................................................115
Auditory Perceptual Organization
...................................................115
Acoustic Regularity
.....................................................................116
Auditory Object Recognition
...........................................................116
Information-Processing Approaches
...........................................117
Ecological Acoustics
...................................................................119
Music
................................................................................................120
Music Defined
..............................................................................121
Musical Structure
........................................................................123
Octaves
....................................................................................123
Contour
...................................................................................124
Contents
їх
Musical
Pitch Perception
.............................................................124
Musical Knowledge
.....................................................................126
Music
Universais
....................................................................126
Music and Performance
....................................................................127
Background Music
.......................................................................127
Physical Performance
..................................................................128
Theories of the Relationship of Music to Exercise
......................129
Music and Cognition
........................................................................131
Music in Industry
.........................................................................131
Intensity
.......................................................................................133
Tempo
..........................................................................................134
Individual Differences
.................................................................135
The Mozart Effect
............................................................................136
Arousal and Preference
...............................................................138
Musical Training
..............................................................................139
Noise
.................................................................................................140
Early Noise Research
..................................................................142
The Broadbent-Poulton Debate
..............................................142
Resource Theory Framework
......................................................145
Task Prioritization
..................................................................145
Everyday Noise Levels
................................................................146
Irrelevant Speech and Visual-Verbal Processing
.........................147
Chronic Noise Exposure
..................................................................148
Workplace Noise
..........................................................................148
Aircraft Noise and Children
........................................................149
Auditory Vigilance
...........................................................................150
Noise and Vigilance
....................................................................151
Summary
........................................................*.................................151
Concluding Remarks
........................................................................152
Chapter
8
Mental Workload and Speech Processing
........................................153
Introduction
......................................................................................153
Chapter Overview
.............................................................................153
Speech-Processing Challenges
.........................................................154
Segmentation
...............................................................................156
Cues to Segmentation
.............................................................156
Variability
....................................................................................157
Phonological Level
.................................................................158
Coarticulation
.........................................................................159
Lexical Selection
..............................................................................161
Sensory-Level Effects
..................................................................161
Cognitive-Level Effects
...............................................................162
Sensory-Cognitive Interactions
...................................................163
Syntactical Level
..............................................................................163
Approaches to Speech-Processing Theory
.......................................165
x
Contents
Single- versus
Dual-Mechanism Theories
..................................166
Single
or
Multiple Verbal
Working
Memory Systems................169
Models
of Word Recognition
...........................................................170
Parameters
Influencing
Mental
Workload
.......................................172
Acoustic Factors
..........................................................................172
Presentation Level or Intensity
...............................................172
Speech Pace
............................................................................173
Speech Rate
............................................................................174
Prosody
...................................................................................175
Synthetic Speech
.....................................................................177
Acoustic Environment
............................................................178
Hearing Impairment
...............................................................178
Contextual Factors
.......................................................................179
Speaker Familiarity
................................................................180
Applications
......................................................................................180
Mobile Phones and Driving
.........................................................180
Air Traffic Control Communications
..........................................181
Summary
..........................................................................................181
Concluding Remarks
........................................................................182
Chapter
9
Cross-Modal Influences in Sound and Speech
.................................183
Introduction
......................................................................................183
Verbal and Visual Codes
..................................................................184
Language by Ear and by Eye
............................................................186
Evidence for Separate Codes
.......................................................186
Physiological Evidence
...........................................................187
Primacy and Recency in Serial Recall
...................................187
Neuropsychological Eyidence
.................................................189
Time-Sharing Text versus Speech
..........................................189
Cross-Modal Links
...........................................................................190
Audiovisual Speech
.....................................................................190
Cross-Modal Spatial Attention
....................................................192
Spatial-Linguistic Interactions
................................................193
Redundant Target Effect
..............................................................194
Time-Sharing Auditory and Visual Tasks
........................................196
Perfect Time-Sharing: A Myth
....................................................197
Summary
..........................................................................................199
Concluding Remarks
........................................................................199
Chapter
10
Auditory Processing and the Older Adult
........................................201
Introduction
......................................................................................201
Age-Related Changes in Auditory Processing
.................................201
Perceptual/Cognitive Contributions
............................................202
Age-Related Changes in Hearing
.....................................................203
Contents xi
Presbycusis
..................................................................................203
Central Presbycusis.................................................................204
Pure-Tone Threshold Elevation...................................................
205
Central Auditory-Processing Changes
........................................206
Gender and Auditory-Processing Disorder
.............................207
Age-Related Cognitive Changes
......................................................209
Generalized Slowing
...................................................................209
Working Memory Reductions
.....................................................209
Inhibitory Deficits
........................................................................210
Age-Related Changes in Speech Processing
....................................210
Temporal Processing Deficits
......................................................212
Adverse Listening Conditions
.....................................................213
Noise
.......................................................-...............................213
Reverberation
..........................................................................215
Speech Signal Quality
.................................................................215
Presentation Level or Intensity
...............................................216
Speech Rate
............................................................................216
Synthetic Speech
.....................................................................218
Under Divided Attention
.............................................................218
Strategy Differences and Compensation
..........................................220
Strategy Differences
....................................................................221
Compensatory Mechanisms
........................................................223
Age-Related Design
.........................................................................223
Summary
..........................................................................................224
Concluding Remarks
........................................................................224
Chapter
11
Auditory Display Design
..................................................................227
Introduction
......................................................................................227
Advantages of Auditory Displays
.....................................................228
Auditory Source
...........................................................................229
Brief Communications
.................................................................229
Short Retention Intervals
.............................................................230
Time-Critical Signaling
...............................................................231
Continuously
Changinginformation...........................................231
Under High Visual Load
.............................................................232
Displays Requiring Verbal Responses
.........................................232
Auditory Display Challenges
...........................................................233
Auditory Overload
.......................................................................233
Auditory Preemption
...................................................................233
Psychoacoustics of Auditory Displays
.............................................234
Detection
......................................................................................234
Identification and Discrimination
................................................236
Localization
.................................................................................237
Spatial Audio Cues
...................................-.............................238
Spatial Auditory Alerts
...........................................................239
xii
Contents
Auditory Warnings
...........................................................................240
Design of Warnings
.....................................................................241
Urgency Mapping
........................................................................242
Urgency in Context
.................................................................244
Warning Types
.............................................................................245
Nonverbal Warnings
...............................................................246
Verbal Warnings
.....................................................................247
Data Sonification
..............................................................................250
Auditory Displays in Complex Environments
..................................251
Aviation
.......................................................................................251
Flight Deck Warnings
.............................................................252
АТС
Communications
............................................................252
Surface Transportation
................................................................254
Collision Warning Systems
....................................................254
In-Vehicle Route Guidance Systems
.......................................255
Fatigue and Lane Departure Detection Systems
....................256
Medical Environments
................................................................257
Nuisance Alarms
....................................................................258
Summary
..........................................................................................259
Concluding Remarks
........................................................................259
References
.............................................................................................................261
Index
......................................................................................................................315
|
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New and improved neurophysiological methods of examining auditory processing have opened new ways for understanding the relationship between auditory processing and mental workload. Auditory Processing and Mental Workloads brings together for the first time a thorough examination of the information processing demands of auditory signals and provides extensive coverage of topical areas including audition in human factors research, cognitive aspects of auditory processing related to attention, and the impact of advanced auditory displays"-- Provided by publisher. -- "How people acquire and process information has been a fundamental question in psychology since its inception. Cognitive science has devoted much effort to addressing the question, but typically in the domain of vision. Auditory processing has generally received less extensive inquiry, whether in basic perceptual or cognitive psychology or in applied areas such as human factors. Moreover, even within the field of audition, higher-order auditory processes have received less study than such lower-level processes as loudness and pitch perception (Bregman, 1990; Plomp, 2002). Yet over the past two decades there has been a growing base of empirical research on auditory cognition and its role in human performance at work and in everyday life. I describe this work in this book. The notion that listening requires attention and that it can at times be a difficult undertaking is well known to the elementary school teacher. Less well appreciated is the effort that we adults must put forth to comprehend auditory information in our everyday lives. Auditory processing relies on mechanisms of the brain as well as the ear. 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id | DE-604.BV041725651 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:03:50Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9780415325943 |
language | English |
lccn | 2011031377 |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027172523 |
oclc_num | 795553050 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-703 |
owner_facet | DE-703 |
physical | xvii, 325 p. Ill., graph. Darst. 25 cm |
publishDate | 2012 |
publishDateSearch | 2012 |
publishDateSort | 2012 |
publisher | CRC Press/Taylor & Francis |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Baldwin, Carryl L. Verfasser aut Auditory cognition and human performance research and applications Carryl L. Baldwin Boca Raton, FL CRC Press/Taylor & Francis 2012 xvii, 325 p. Ill., graph. Darst. 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "Although auditory tasks are important and well recognized, the mental workload associated with auditory processing has received relatively little attention. New and improved neurophysiological methods of examining auditory processing have opened new ways for understanding the relationship between auditory processing and mental workload. Auditory Processing and Mental Workloads brings together for the first time a thorough examination of the information processing demands of auditory signals and provides extensive coverage of topical areas including audition in human factors research, cognitive aspects of auditory processing related to attention, and the impact of advanced auditory displays"-- Provided by publisher. -- "How people acquire and process information has been a fundamental question in psychology since its inception. Cognitive science has devoted much effort to addressing the question, but typically in the domain of vision. Auditory processing has generally received less extensive inquiry, whether in basic perceptual or cognitive psychology or in applied areas such as human factors. Moreover, even within the field of audition, higher-order auditory processes have received less study than such lower-level processes as loudness and pitch perception (Bregman, 1990; Plomp, 2002). Yet over the past two decades there has been a growing base of empirical research on auditory cognition and its role in human performance at work and in everyday life. I describe this work in this book. The notion that listening requires attention and that it can at times be a difficult undertaking is well known to the elementary school teacher. Less well appreciated is the effort that we adults must put forth to comprehend auditory information in our everyday lives. Auditory processing relies on mechanisms of the brain as well as the ear. Describing the mental effort involved in t Includes bibliographical references (p. 261-314) and index Listening Auditory perception Cognition Ability TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety bisacsh Arbeitsleistung (DE-588)4002719-3 gnd rswk-swf Hörverstehen (DE-588)4160399-0 gnd rswk-swf Hörverstehen (DE-588)4160399-0 s Arbeitsleistung (DE-588)4002719-3 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027172523&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Baldwin, Carryl L. Auditory cognition and human performance research and applications Listening Auditory perception Cognition Ability TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety bisacsh Arbeitsleistung (DE-588)4002719-3 gnd Hörverstehen (DE-588)4160399-0 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4002719-3 (DE-588)4160399-0 |
title | Auditory cognition and human performance research and applications |
title_auth | Auditory cognition and human performance research and applications |
title_exact_search | Auditory cognition and human performance research and applications |
title_full | Auditory cognition and human performance research and applications Carryl L. Baldwin |
title_fullStr | Auditory cognition and human performance research and applications Carryl L. Baldwin |
title_full_unstemmed | Auditory cognition and human performance research and applications Carryl L. Baldwin |
title_short | Auditory cognition and human performance |
title_sort | auditory cognition and human performance research and applications |
title_sub | research and applications |
topic | Listening Auditory perception Cognition Ability TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety bisacsh Arbeitsleistung (DE-588)4002719-3 gnd Hörverstehen (DE-588)4160399-0 gnd |
topic_facet | Listening Auditory perception Cognition Ability TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Health & Safety Arbeitsleistung Hörverstehen |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027172523&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT baldwincarryll auditorycognitionandhumanperformanceresearchandapplications |