A real time approach to process control:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chichester
Wiley
2014
|
| Ausgabe: | 3. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes index |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 342 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781119993872 9781119993889 9781118684733 |
Internformat
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| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a A real-time approach to process control |
| 250 | |a 3. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Chichester |b Wiley |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 342 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804151978780000256 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: A real time approach to process control
Autor: Svrcek, William Y
Jahr: 2014
Contents
Author Biographies xi
Foreword and Endorsements xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgements xvii
1 A Brief History of Process Control and Process Simulation 1
1.1 Process Control 1
1.2 Process Simulation 5
References 11
2 Process Control Hardware Fundamentals 15
2.1 Control System Components 15
2.2 Primary Elements 16
2.2.1 Pressure Measurement 17
2.2.2 Level Measurement 21
2.2.3 Temperature Measurement 23
2.2.4 Flow Measurement 26
2.2.5 Quality Measurement and Analytical Instrumentation 32
2.2.6 Application Range and Accuracy of Different Sensors 33
2.3 Final Control Elements 33
2.3.1 Control Valves 33
References 53
3 Fundamentals of Single-Input/Single-Output Systems 55
3.1 Open Loop Control 55
3.2 Disturbances 56
3.3 Feedback Control - Overview 57
3.4 Feedback Control - A Closer Look 60
3.4.1 Positive and Negative Feedbacks 60
3.4.2 Control Elements 60
3.4.3 Sensor/Transmitter 63
3.4.4 Processes 63
3.4.5 Final Control Element 65
3.4.6 Controller 65
vi Contents
3.5 Process Attributes - Capacitance and Dead Time 66
3.5.1 Capacitance 67
3.5.2 Dead Time 71
3.6 Process Dynamic Response 74
3.7 Process Modelling and Simulation 76
3.7.1 First-Order Systems 76
3.7.2 Second-Order and Higher Order Systems 76
3.7.3 Simple System Analysis 83
3.7.4 Classical Modelling for Control Approaches 89
3.7.5 The Modern Modelling for Control Approach 92
References 93
4 Basic Control Modes 95
4.1 On-Off Control 95
4.2 Proportional (P-Only) Control 97
4.3 Integral (I-Only) Control 102
4.4 Proportional Plus Integral (PI) Control 105
4.5 Derivative Action 107
4.6 Proportional Plus Derivative (PD) Controller 108
4.7 Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Control 111
4.8 Digital Electronic Controller Forms 112
4.9 Choosing the Correct Controller 112
4.10 Controller Hardware 114
References 117
5 Tuning Feedback Controllers 119
5.1 Quality of Control and Optimization 119
5.1.1 Controller Response 120
5.1.2 Error Performance Criteria 122
5.2 Tuning Methods 123
5.2.1 Trial and Error Method 124
5.2.2 Process Reaction Curve Methods 125
5.2.3 Constant Cycling Methods 127
References 132
6 Advanced Topics in Classical Automatic Control 133
6.1 Cascade Control 133
6.1.1 Starting up a Cascade System 136
6.2 Feedforward Control 137
6.3 Ratio Control 140
6.4 Override Control (Auto Selectors) 142
6.4.1 Protection of Equipment 143
6.4.2 Auctioneering 145
6.4.3 Redundant Instrumentation 145
6.4.4 Artificial Measurements 147
6.5 Split Range Control 147
References 149
Contents vii
7 Common Control Loops 151
7.1 Flow Loops 151
7.2 Liquid Pressure Loops 153
7.3 Liquid Level Control 155
7.3.1 Proportional-Only Control for Integrating Processes 163
7.3.2 PI Controller Tuning for Integrating Process 164
7.4 Gas Pressure Loops 165
7.5 Temperature Control Loops 166
7.5.1 The Endothermic Reactor Temperature Control Loop 168
7.5.2 The Exothermic Reactor Temperature Control Loop 170
7.6 Pump Control 172
7.7 Compressor Control 172
7.7.1 Reciprocating Compressor Control 173
7.7.2 Centrifugal Compressor Control 173
7.8 Boiler Control 179
7.8.1 Combustion Control 180
7.8.2 Water Drum Level Control 181
7.8.3 Water Drum Pressure Control 181
7.8.4 Steam Temperature Control 181
References 182
8 Distillation Column Control 185
8.1 Basic Terms 185
8.2 Steady-State and Dynamic Degrees of Freedom 186
8.3 Control System Objectives and Design Considerations 188
8.4 Methodology for Selection of a Controller Structure 190
8.5 Level, Pressure, Temperature and Composition Control 192
8.5.1 Level Control 192
8.5.2 Pressure Control 193
8.5.3 Temperature Control 198
8.5.4 Composition Control 198
8.6 Optimizing Control 199
8.6.1 Example: Benzene Column with a Rectifying
Section Sidestream 199
8.7 Distillation Control Scheme Design Using Steady-State Models 204
8.7.1 Screening Control Strategies via Steady-State Simulation 206
8.7.2 A Case Study - The Workshop Stabilizer 207
8.7.3 Respecifying Simulation Specifications 207
8.7.4 Mimicking the Behaviour of Analysers or Lab Analyses 209
8.7.5 Developing an Economic Profitability Function 209
8.7.6 Evaluating the Candidate Strategies 210
8.7.7 Evaluating the Candidate Strategies under Disturbances 211
8.7.8 Evaluating Sensor Strategies 211
8.7.9 Example Summary 212
8.8 Distillation Control Scheme Design Using Dynamic Models 212
References 213
viii Contents
9 Using Steady-State Methods in a Multi-loop Control Scheme 215
9.1 Variable Pairing 215
9.2 The Relative Gain Array 216
9.2.1 Calculating the RGA with Experiments 216
9.2.2 Calculating the RGA Using the Steady-State Gain Matrix 218
9.2.3 Interpreting the RGA 219
9.3 Niederlinski Index 220
9.4 Decoupling Control Loops 220
9.4.1 Singular Value Decomposition 221
9.5 Tuning the Controllers for Multi-loop Systems 222
9.6 Practical Examples 222
9.6.1 Example 1: A Two-Stream Mixer 222
9.6.2 Example 2: A Conventional Distillation Column 226
9.7 Summary 232
References 232
10 Plant-Wide Control 233
10.1 Short-Term versus Long-Term Control Focus 233
10.2 Cascaded Units 235
10.3 Recycle Streams 236
10.4 General Considerations for Plant-Wide Control 241
References 242
11 Advanced Process Control 245
11.1 Advanced Process Control 245
11.2 Model Predictive Control 246
11.3 Dynamic Matrix Control 249
11.4 General Considerations for Model Predictive Control Implementation 253
References 254
Appendix A P ID Symbols 257
Appendix B Glossary of Terms 261
Appendix C New Capabilities with Control Technology Hardware
and Software 267
Workshop 1 Learning through Doing 279
Workshop 2 Feedback Control Loop Concepts 283
Workshop 3 Process Capacity and Dead Time 289
Workshop 4 Feedback Control 295
Workshop 5
Controller Tuning for Capacity and Dead Time Processes
303
Contents ix
Workshop 6 Topics in Advanced Control 311
Workshop 7 Distillation Control 321
Workshop 8 Plant Operability and Controllability 333
Index 339
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Svrcek, William Y. |
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| dewey-tens | 670 - Manufacturing |
| discipline | Werkstoffwissenschaften / Fertigungstechnik Mess-/Steuerungs-/Regelungs-/Automatisierungstechnik / Mechatronik |
| edition | 3. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Svrcek, William Y. Verfasser aut A real time approach to process control William Y. Svrcek ; Donald P. Mahoney ; Brent R. Young A real-time approach to process control 3. ed. Chichester Wiley 2014 XVIII, 342 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes index Prozessregelung (DE-588)4222919-4 gnd rswk-swf Echtzeitverarbeitung (DE-588)4151002-1 gnd rswk-swf Prozessüberwachung (DE-588)4133922-8 gnd rswk-swf Prozessüberwachung (DE-588)4133922-8 s Echtzeitverarbeitung (DE-588)4151002-1 s DE-604 Prozessregelung (DE-588)4222919-4 s 1\p DE-604 Mahoney, Donald P. Sonstige oth Young, Brent R. Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027155263&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Svrcek, William Y. A real time approach to process control Prozessregelung (DE-588)4222919-4 gnd Echtzeitverarbeitung (DE-588)4151002-1 gnd Prozessüberwachung (DE-588)4133922-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4222919-4 (DE-588)4151002-1 (DE-588)4133922-8 |
| title | A real time approach to process control |
| title_alt | A real-time approach to process control |
| title_auth | A real time approach to process control |
| title_exact_search | A real time approach to process control |
| title_full | A real time approach to process control William Y. Svrcek ; Donald P. Mahoney ; Brent R. Young |
| title_fullStr | A real time approach to process control William Y. Svrcek ; Donald P. Mahoney ; Brent R. Young |
| title_full_unstemmed | A real time approach to process control William Y. Svrcek ; Donald P. Mahoney ; Brent R. Young |
| title_short | A real time approach to process control |
| title_sort | a real time approach to process control |
| topic | Prozessregelung (DE-588)4222919-4 gnd Echtzeitverarbeitung (DE-588)4151002-1 gnd Prozessüberwachung (DE-588)4133922-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Prozessregelung Echtzeitverarbeitung Prozessüberwachung |
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