International arbitration law and practice: (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration)
Gespeichert in:
| Vorheriger Titel: | Rubino-Sammartano, Mauro International arbitration law |
|---|---|
| 1. Verfasser: | |
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Huntington
Juris
[2014]
|
| Ausgabe: | Third edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | hier auch unveränderte Nachdrucke |
| Beschreibung: | xlv, 2025 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781937518158 |
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| 240 | 1 | 0 | |a International arbitration law |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a International arbitration law and practice |b (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) |c Mauro Rubino-Sammartano. With forewords by Prof. Pierre Mayer and The Right Hon. The Lord Mustill |
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| 264 | 4 | |c © 2014 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804151780334895104 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
FOREWORD TO THE THIRD EDITION XXXIX
FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION XLI
PREFACE XLIII
ABOUT THE AUTHOR XLV
PARTI
ARBITRATION AND OTHER ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE
RESOLUTION METHODS
ROLE AND NATURE OF ARBITRATION
CHAPTER 1: DIFFERENT TYPES OF ARBITRATION AND
ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION METHODS 3
ARBITRATION 3
1.1. ARBITRATION VIS-A-VIS COURT PROCEEDINGS 3
1.2. FROM HOSTILITY TO FAVOUR 4
1.3. DIFFERENT TYPES OF ARBITRATION 8
1.4. BASEBALL (FINAL OFFERS ARBITRATION) 11
1.5. AD HOC VERSUS ADMINISTERED ARBITRATION 14
1.6. COURT-ANNEXED ARBITRATION 15
1.7. COMPULSORY (OR STATUTORY) ARBITRATION 17
1.8. ONLINE ARBITRATION 21
OTHER ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION METHODS 21
1.9. ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION METHODS 21
1.10. CONCILIATION AND MEDIATION 24
1.11. MINI TRIALS 36
1.12. TECHNICAL EXPERTISE (VALUATION, SCHIEDSGUTACHTEN,
BINDEND ADVIES, QUALITY ARBITRATION) 38
1.13. TECHNICAL EXPERTISE VERSUS ARBITRATION 40
1.14. MED/ARB 42
1.15. MEDALOA 43
1.16. DISPUTE REVIEW BOARD (OR DAB) 43
1.17. PARTNERING 44
1.18. ADJUDICATION 45
1.19. ADAPTATION OF CONTRACTS 47
MULTI-TIER FORMULAS 49
1.20. MULTI-STEPS SEQUENCE OF ADR MECHANISMS 49
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 2: CHARACTERISATION OF ARBITRATION 51
NOTION AND ROLE OF ARBITRATION 51
2.1. THE NOTION OF ARBITRATION 51
2.2. THE ARCHITECTURE AND ROLE OF ARBITRATION AND OF
NATIONAL STATE COURTS 53
2.3. SUPERIORITY OF ARBITRATION OR EQUAL ALTERNATIVE 56
2.4. THE MANDATE OF THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 58
2.5. DISTINCTION BETWEEN ARBITRATION AND A JOINT
MANDATE TO SETTLE 59
BATTLE OF THEORIES 61
2.6. THE MERE CONTRACTUAL CONTENTS DOCTRINE 61
2.7. THE JUDICIAL CONTENTS DOCTRINE 61
2.8. THE HYBRID NATURE 62
2.9. THE AUTONOMOUS NATURE DOCTRINE 63
2.10. THE SHARP POSITION TAKEN IN CINISELLO BALSAMO 64
2.11. DOES THE AWARD HAVE JURISDICTIONAL EFFECTS? 65
ARBITRATION AS A SEPARATE JURISDICTION 66
2.12. THE NATURE OF ARBITRATION 66
2.13. DOES ARBITRATION FALL WITHIN ORDINARY JURISDICTION AND
DO ITS AWARDS HAVE THE NATURE OF COURT JUDGMENTS? 67
CHAPTER 3: THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION LAW 73
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 73
3.1. INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 73
3.1.1. MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS 74
3.1.2. BILATERAL CONVENTIONS 82
3.2. THE PARTIES INTENTION 83
3.3. RULES OF ARBITRAL INSTITUTIONS 84
3.4. ARBITRATORS ALTERNATIVE RULING 87
3.5. NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEMS 87
3.6. SUBSTANTIVE RULES OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION -
MANDATORY RULES 89
PRECEDENTS 92
3.7. PRECEDENTS 92
3.7.1. ARBITRAL PRECEDENTS 92
3.7.2. COURT PRECEDENTS 94
3.8. INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION MOOTS 95
3.9. ARBITRATION SCHOOLS 95
3.10. RESEARCH 95
CHAPTER 4: NATIONALITY OF ARBITRATION 97
DOMESTIC VERSUS FOREIGN ARBITRATION 97
4.1. THE CATEGORIES OF NATIONAL AND FOREIGN ARBITRATION 97
4.2. CRITERIA TO IDENTIFY NATIONALITY 101
4.2.1. THE GEOGRAPHICAL CRITERION 101
XI CONTENTS
4.2.2. THE PROCEDURAL CRITERION 103
4.2.3. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROCEDURAL NATIONALITY
AND THE PLACE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT FOR RECOGNITION
OF THE AWARD 112
THE CATEGORY OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 114
4.3. THE CATEGORY OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 114
4.3.1. MONISM OR DUALISM 115
4.3.2. THE SUBJECTIVE CRITERION 116
4.3.3. REFERENCE TO INTERNATIONAL TRADE 118
4.3.4. A COMBINED OR ALTERNATIVE CRITERION 121
4.3.5. THE PROCEDURAL CRITERION 123
TRANSNATIONAL ARBITRATION 127
4.4. TRANSNATIONAL ARBITRATION 127
4.5. A-NATIONAL AWARDS 129
4.6. CONCLUSIONS 129
INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION LAW
CHAPTER 5: INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION LAW 131
ANALYSIS 131
5.1. ANALYSIS AS TO THE EXISTENCE OF AN INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION LAW 131
5.2. THE TWO BRANCHES OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION LAW 132
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION LAW 132
5.3. PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION LAW 132
INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE ARBITRATION 134
5.4. INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE ARBITRATION LAW 134
5.4.1. A FRAGMENTARY BODY 135
5.4.2. MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS 136
5.4.3. BILATERAL CONVENTIONS DEALING WITH
ARBITRATION 138
5.4.4. OTHER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS WHICH
AFFECT ARBITRATION 139
5.4.5. NATIONAL PROVISIONS DEALING WITH
TRANSNATIONAL ARBITRATION 141
5.4.6. INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION RULES 142
5.4.7. CONSOLIDATED PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL
COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION 142
5.4.8. SUBSTANTIVE RULES OF PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW 145
5.5. CONCLUSIONS 145
CONTENTS
COMMERCIAL (PRIVATE) ARBITRATION
CHAPTER 6: DISPUTES CAPABLE OF ARBITRATION AND
ARBITRAL REMEDIES 149
DISPUTE REQUIREMENTS 150
6.1. PRESENCE OF A DISPUTE 150
6.2. DISPUTES CAPABLE OF SETTLEMENT BY ARBITRATION 150
6.3. THE LAW APPLICABLE TO ARBITRABILITY 157
CLASSES OF DISPUTES 161
6.4. CONSUMER CLAIMS 161
6.5. FAMILY DISPUTES 163
6.6. COMPETITION LAW DISPUTES 163
6.7. EMPLOYMENT DISPUTES 166
6.8. IN REM ACTIONS AND REAL ESTATE DISPUTES 167
6.9. COMMERCIAL DISPUTES 168
6.10. TORT CLAIMS 170
6.11. UNJUST ENRICHMENT 175
6.12. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISPUTES 177
6.13. INSOLVENCY CLAIMS 178
MASS CLAIMS AND CLASS ACTIONS 181
6.14. MASS CLAIMS AND CLASS ACTIONS 181
6.15. THE U.S. FAIRNESS ARBITRATION BILL 185
ILLEGAL CONTRACTS 186
6.16. DISPUTES INVOLVING MANDATORY PROVISIONS AND
ILLEGAL CONTRACTS 186
6.17. VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS 188
6.18. GENERAL TREND 189
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN DISPUTES 190
6.19. CONNECTION BETWEEN DISPUTES THAT ARE AND AREN T
CAPABLE OF SETTLEMENT BY ARBITRATION 190
ARBITRAL REMEDIES 192
6.20. ARBITRAL REMEDIES 192
6.21. PRE- AND POST-AWARD INTEREST 197
6.22. AUTHORITY TO AMEND OR TERMINATE A LEGAL RELATIONSHIP 200
PUNITIVE AND TREBLE DAMAGES 204
6.23. PUNITIVE AND TREBLE DAMAGES 204
CHAPTER 7: THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 207
DISTINCTIONS 208
7.1. THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT, THE CONTRACT WITH THE
ARBITRATORS AND THE CONTRACT TO ADMINISTER THE
PROCEEDINGS 208
THE FORMATION OF THE AGREEMENT 211
7.2. UNILATERAL AND OPTIONAL CLAUSES 211
THE PARTIES 212
7.3. CAPACITY OF THE PARTIES 212
CONTENTS
FORM AND CONTENTS 218
7.4. FORM REQUIREMENTS 218
7.5. NON SIGNATORIES 238
7.6. STRING CONTRACTS 244
7.7. CONTENTS 245
7.8. INTERPRETATION OF THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 261
DUTY TO COOPERATE 265
7.9. DUTY TO COOPERATE 265
SEPARABILITY 265
7.10. AUTONOMY - SEPARABILITY 265
THE APPLICABLE LAW 276
7.11. THE APPLICABLE LAW 276
7.12. VALIDITY OF THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 283
TIME LIMIT 289
7.13. TIME LIMIT TO ENTER INTO AN ARBITRATION AGREEMENT -
INERTIA OF THE PARTIES - FORUM PROROGATUM 289
EFFECTS 292
7.14. POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS 292
CONDITIONS 298
7.15. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT 298
WAIVER 301
7.16. WAIVER 301
TERMINATION 306
7.17. EXPIRY, IMPOSSIBILITY AND TERMINATION 306
REMEDIES FOR INVALIDITY 315
7.18. REMEDIES FOR INVALIDITY 315
CONSUMMATION OF THE RIGHT TO ARBITRATE 316
7.19. CONSUMMATION OF THE RIGHT TO ARBITRATE 316
LOSS OF EFFECTS 319
7.20. LOSS OF EFFECTS IF A PUBLIC BODY TAKES OVER THE
POSITION OF A CONTRACTING PARTY 319
CHAPTER 8: THE CHOICE OF LAW RULES TO GOVERN THE
ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 321
8.1. ISSUE LOCATED BETWEEN THE MERITS OF THE DISPUTE
AND THE ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 321
AUTONOMY 321
8.2. AUTONOMY OF THE ARBITRATION CLAUSE 321
THE MAIN CHOICE 323
8.3. THE PARTIES CHOICE OF LAW 323
SUPPLEMENTARY CHOICE 324
8.4. SELECTION IN THE ABSENCE OF THE PARTIES CHOICE 324
AS TO THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 336
8.5. VALIDITY AND INVALIDITY OF THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 336
AS TO THE ARBITRABILITY 344
8.6. LAW APPLICABLE TO THE SEPARATE ISSUE OF
ARBITRABILITY 344
CONTENTS
AS TO THE CAPACITY OF THE PARTIES 346
8.7. LAW APPLICABLE TO THE CAPACITY OF THE PARTIES 346
8.8. CONCLUSIONS 346
CHAPTER 9: THE PARTIES TO ARBITRATION - CAPACITY TO SUBMIT
TO ARBITRATION - SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY 349
CLASSES OF PARTIES 350
9.1. PRIVATE PARTIES, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS AND
GOVERNMENT ENTERPRISES 350
9.2. DISPUTES AS TO BEING A PARTY TO AN ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT - PIERCING THE CORPORATE VEIL - ALTER EGO 353
9.3. NON SIGNATORIES 358
SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY 361
9.4. SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY 361
CHANGES TO THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT 367
9.5. SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE CHANGES TO THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT 367
CONNECTIONS 368
9.6. PARTICIPATION OF SEVERAL CONNECTED PARTIES
IN THE PROCEEDINGS 368
9.7. CONNECTED AGREEMENTS AND ARBITRATION CLAUSE IN
ONE OF THEM - GROUP OF COMPANIES 375
SUCCESSION 379
9.8. SUCCESSION IN THE CONTRACT 379
THIRD PARTIES - JOINDERS 387
9.9. THIRD PARTIES AND THEIR JOINDER 387
9.10. EFFECTS OF THE AWARD VIS-A-VIS THIRD PARTIES 392
CONSOLIDATION 392
9.11. CONSOLIDATION OF PROCEEDINGS 392
MULTIPARTY ARBITRATION 400
9.12. MULTIPARTY ARBITRATION 400
CAPACITY OF THE PARTIES 405
9.13. LAW APPLICABLE TO THE CAPACITY OF THE PARTIES 405
CHANGES OF STATUS 407
9.14. EFFECTS OF INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS ON CAPACITY
OF THE INSOLVENCY 407
LITIGATION FUNDING 408
9.15. LITIGATION FUNDING 408
ADMINISTERED ARBITRATION
CHAPTER 10: THE ROLE OF ARBITRAL INSTITUTIONS 409
DISTINCTIONS AMONGST ARBITRATIONS 409
10.1. AD HOC OR ADMINISTERED ARBITRATION 409
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE VARIOUS PARTIES 413
10.2. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND THE ARBITRAL
INSTITUTION 413
CONTENTS
10.3. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ARBITRAL INSTITUTION AND THE
ARBITRATOR 417
10.4. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ARBITRATOR AND THE PARTIES 418
10.5. THE ARBITRAL INSTITUTION, THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT
AND THE AWARD 419
LITIGATION AND IMMUNITY 421
10.6. ARGUABLE EXCLUSION OF PARTIES BY ARBITRAL INSTITUTION 421
10.7. LITIGATION AGAINST ARBITRAL INSTITUTIONS 427
10.8. IMMUNITY 433
ANTI-SUIT INJUNCTIONS 434
10.9. ANTI-SUIT INJUNCTIONS 434
THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL
CHAPTER 11: THE ARBITRATOR 441
CONTRACT TO ARBITRATE 442
11.1. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND THE ARBITRATOR 442
NUMBER OF ARBITRATORS 449
11.2. A SOLE ARBITRATOR OR AN ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL - EVEN OR
ODD NUMBER - THE UMPIRE 449
APPOINTMENT OF THE ARBITRATOR 458
11.3. CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING THE ARBITRATOR 458
11.4. DIRECT OR INDIRECT APPOINTMENT - INTUITUS PERSONAE 463
11.5. APPOINTMENT * ACCEPTANCE - LACK OF DESIGNATION 465
11.6. CAPACITY OF THE ARBITRATOR - SEX AND NATIONALITY 469
11.7. PHYSICAL PERSON OR LEGAL ENTITY 472
11.8. SUBSTITUTE ARBITRATORS 473
CHOICE OF LAW 474
11.9. CHOICE OF LAW ISSUES 474
TRAINING 475
11.10. TRAINING OF ARBITRATORS 475
IMPARTIALITY 476
11.11. IMPARTIALITY - INDEPENDENCE - BIAS - MISCONDUCT -
CHALLENGE 476
ROLE OF THE ARBITRATOR 504
11.12. THE ROLE OF THE ARBITRATOR 504
11.13. PARTIES CONTROL OF ARBITRATION 505
11.14. ARBITRATOR S DUTY TO ENCOURAGE SETTLEMENT 506
11.15. IMPOSITION OF A PEACE TREATY 507
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE ARBITRATOR 508
11.16. THE DUTY OF DISCLOSURE 508
11.17. THE DUTIES OF THE ARBITRATOR: THE RULES OF CONDUCT 512
11.18. REMUNERATION 518
11.19. RIGHT TO THE PARTIES COOPERATION 518
LIABILITY-IMMUNITY 519
11.20. LIABILITY-IMMUNITY 519
CONTENTS
TERMINATION 523
11.21. TERMINATION BY EXPIRY OF TERM OF OFFICE AND ON OTHER
GROUNDS - REPLACEMENT - TRUNCATED ARBITRATION - EFFECTS 523
REMOVAL 532
11.22. REMOVAL, RESIGNATION AND CHALLENGE 532
SECRETARY TO THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 536
11.23. POSSIBILITY OF APPOINTING A SECRETARY TO THE ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL 536
ARBITRATOR S INVOLVEMENT BEFORE STATE COURTS 538
11.24. ARBITRATOR S SUBSEQUENT INVOLVEMENT BEFORE STATE COURTS 538
11.25. THE ARBITRATOR AS A WITNESS 541
11.26. THE ARBITRATOR AS A PARTY 541
THE ROLE OF STATE COURTS
CHAPTER 12: THE ROLE OF STATE COURTS IN AIDING ARBITRATION 543
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY JURISDICTION 544
12.1. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY JURISDICTION 544
12.2. STATE COURT SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION AND
PERSONAL JURISDICTION 546
FORUM NON CONVENIENS 551
12.3. FORUM NON CONVENIENS 551
FORUM NECESSITATIS 555
12.4. FORUM NECESSITATIS 555
COMITY OF NATIONS 556
12.5. COMITY OF NATIONS 556
THE JUGE D APPUI . 557
12.6. THE JUGE D APPUI (STATE COURTS STATUTORY
INTERVENTION TO SOLVE PROBLEMS DURING ARBITRATION) 557
APPOINTMENT AND CHALLENGES OF ARBITRATORS 558
12.7. APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS 558
12.8. CHALLENGE AND REMOVAL OF ARBITRATORS 566
MOTION TO COMPEL ARBITRATION 572
12.9. MOTION TO COMPEL SUBMISSION OF THE DISPUTE
TO ARBITRATION 572
ANTI-SUIT INJUNCTIONS 573
12.10. ANTI-SUIT AND ANTI-ARBITRATION INJUNCTION 573
AS TO ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS 576
12.11. RULINGS BY STATE COURT OR ARBITRATORS ON THE
ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 576
AS TO EVIDENCE 584
12.12. INTERVENTION DURING EVIDENCE 584
CONSOLIDATION 589
12.13. CONSOLIDATION OF PROCEEDINGS 589
AS TO TIME LIMITS 589
12.14. EXTENSION OF CONTRACTUAL TIME LIMITS 589
XVII CONTENTS
FILING OF THE AWARD 590
12.15. FILING OF THE AWARD 590
NATURE OF THE AWARD 592
12.16. FINAL OR BINDING NATURE OF THE AWARD 592
INTERLOCUTORY INJUNCTIONS 595
12.17. INTERLOCUTORY INJUNCTIONS 595
AID NOT INTERFERENCE 597
12.18. AID NOT INTERFERENCE 597
THE VARIOUS MOTIONS 599
12.19. CONTEMPT OF COURT 599
12.20. MOTIONS 599
AS TO A REVIEW OF THE MERITS 600
12.21. WHETHER TO REVIEW THE MERITS OF THE AWARD 600
AS TO SECURITY OF COSTS 607
12.22. ORDERS IN RESPECT OF SECURITY FOR COSTS 607
COORDINATION OF PROCEEDINGS 611
12.23. COORDINATION OF COURT AND ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 611
CONFIDENTIALITY
CHAPTER 13: CONFIDENTIALITY 613
SOURCE OF CONFIDENTIALITY 613
13.1. EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY 613
APPLICABLE LAW 617
13.2. THE APPLICABLE LAW 617
AMBIT OF CONFIDENTIALITY 618
13.3. TRANSPARENCY 618
13.4. SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE AMBIT OF CONFIDENTIALITY 619
13.5. THE VERY EXISTENCE OF ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 621
13.6. DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 621
13.7. ORAL EVIDENCE 624
13.8. THE PROCEEDINGS 624
13.9. THE AWARD AND ITS PUBLICATION 624
BREACHES AND SANCTIONS 626
13.10. BREACHES OF CONFIDENTIALITY 626
13.11. SANCTIONS FOR BREACH 627
CHOICE OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW
CHAPTER 14: SUBSTANTIVE LAW 629
THE MERITS 630
14.1. THE MERITS 630
CHOICE MADE BY THE PARTIES 632
14.2. THE PARTIES CHOICE 632
CONTENTS XVIII
CHOICE MADE BY THE ARBITRATOR 642
14.3. DEVIATION FROM THE PARTIES CHOICE 642
14.4. THE CHOICE MADE BY THE ARBITRATORS 643
TRADE USAGES 659
14.5. TRADE USAGES 659
INTERNATIONAL PRINCIPLES 660
14.6. THE UNIDROIT PRINCIPLES 660
14.7. INTERNATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW 664
LEX MERCATORIA 664
14.8. LEX MERCATORIA 664
THE TRONC COMMUN 673
14.9. THE TRONC COMMUN 673
JURA NOVIT CURIA 684
14.10. JURA NOVIT CURIA 684
14.11. THESHARI AH 685
PROOF OF FOREIGN LAW 685
14.12. PROOF OF THE FOREIGN SUBSTANTIVE LAW 685
INTERPRETATION OF THE LAW 688
14.13. INTERPRETATION OF THE LAW 688
ABUSE OF RIGHTS 689
14.14. ABUSE OF A RIGHT 689
EXBONOETAEQUO
CHAPTER 15: EX BONO ET AEQUO DECISIONS AND
AMIABLE COMPOSITEUR 691
EX BONO ET AEQUO 691
15.1. EX BONO ET AEQUO 691
15.1.1. COMMON LAW HOSTILITY 691
15.1.2 . AEQUITAS IN ROMAN LAW 696
15.1.3. EQUITY IN ENGLAND UNDER NORMAN BANGS 697
15.1.4. SIMILARITIES BETWEEN THE TWO NOTIONS 698
15.1.5. ACTUAL APPLICATION OF EX BONO ET AEQUO 698
15.1.6. EX BONO ET AEQUO AND MODERN LEGAL SYSTEMS 699
15.1.7. AEQUITAS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION AND
PUBLIC POLICY 704
15.1.8. LIMITS TO DISCRETIONARY AUTHORITY UNDER AEQUITAS 705
15.1.9. EQUITABLE ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES 707
15.1.10. EQUITABLE TOLLING 708
15.1.11. EQUITABLE ESTOPPEL 708
15.1.12. CONCLUSIONS 710
AMIABLE COMPOSITEURS 710
15.2. AMIABLES COMPOSITEURS 710
15.2.1. ORIGINAL NOTION 710
15.2.2. AUTHORITY AS AMIABLE COMPOSITEUR 711
15.2.3. THE FRENCH NOTION 712
CONTENTS
15.2.4 DISTINCTION BETWEEN AMIABLE COMPOSITION
AND EX BONO ETAEQUO 713
15.2.5 SITUATIONS WHERE THE AMIABLE COMPOSITEUR
IS INSTRUCTED TO DECIDE 716
PUBLIC POLICY
CHAPTER 16: ARBITRATION AND PUBLIC POLICY 719
ROLE , 719
16.1. THE ROLE OF PUBLIC POLICY 719
DISTINCTIONS WITHIN PUBLIC POLICY 726
16.2. PUBLIC POLICY AND NORMES D APPLICATION IMMEDIATE 726
16.3. PUBLIC POLICY, FRAUDE A LA LOI AND PROCEDURAL FRAUD 728
16.4. DOMESTIC PUBLIC POLICY AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY -
TRANSNATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY 730
16.5. FOREIGN PUBLIC LAW 734
16.6. SUBSTANTIVE PUBLIC POLICY 735
16.7. PROCEDURAL PUBLIC POLICY 752
16.8. HUMAN RIGHTS AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 765
16.9. TIME TO ESTABLISH PUBLIC POLICY 766
16.10. CONCLUSIONS 766
THE KULES OF PROCEDURE
CHAPTER 17: APPLICABLE PROCEDURAL LAW 773
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PROCEDURAL ISSUES 773
17.1. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PROCEDURAL ISSUES 773
CHOICE MADE BY THE PARTIES 775
17.2. THE PARTIES FREEDOM OF CHOICE 775
APPLICABLE LAW 780
17.3. POSSIBILITY OF APPLYING A PROCEDURAL LAW DIFFERENT FROM
THAT OF THE PLACE OF ARBITRATION 780
17.4. DENATIONALIZATION OF ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 788
17.5. NATIONLESS VIS-A-VIS INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 789
17.6. NO ABSOLUTE NEED FOR A NATIONAL PROCEDURAL LAW 791
17.7. SUPRANATIONALITY OF ARBITRATION RULES 792
SELECTION OF THE PROCEDURAL LAW - EFFECTS 793
17.8. DIFFERENT POSSIBLE SELECTIONS OF THE PROCEDURAL LAW 793
17.9. SEVERAL PROCEDURAL LAWS AND A PROCEDURAL TRONC COMMUN 804
17.10. RATIONALE AND EFFECTS OF THE CHOICE OF A PROCEDURAL
LAW DIFFERENT FROM THE LAW OF THE PLACE OF ARBITRATION 805
PROCEDURAL PUBLIC POLICY 807
17.11. PROCEDURAL PUBLIC POLICY 807
17.12. CONCLUSIONS 808
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 18: ARBITRATION RULES 811
VARIOUS ARBITRATION RULES 811
18.1. A LARGE NUMBER OF ARBITRATION RULES 811
ADMINISTERED VERSUS AD HOC ARBITRATION 815
18.2. ADVANTAGES OF ADMINISTERED ARBITRATION VERSUS AD HOC
ARBITRATION 815
18.3. DISADVANTAGES OF ADMINISTERED ARBITRATION VERSUS AD HOC
ARBITRATION 816
EFFECTS OF HOW THE RULES ARE APPLIED 817
18.4. THE WAY THE RULES ARE APPLIED 817
DIFFERENCES AMONGST RULES 818
18.5. DIFFERENCES AMONGST THE VARIOUS RULES 818
THE VENUE
CHAPTER 19: THE VENUE OF THE PROCEEDINGS 821
NOTION OF THE VENUE 821
19.1. NOTION OF THE VENUE 821
CRITERIA FOR SELECTING THE VENUE 823
19.2. CRITERIA FOR THE CHOICE OF THE VENUE 823
19.3. THE PARTIES DELEGATION OF THE CHOICE OF THE VENUE 825
EFFECTS 826
19.4. EFFECTS OF THE CHOICE OF THE VENUE 826
19.5. LACK OF CHOICE OF VENUE AND LACK OF DESIGNATION OF
AUTHORITY 829
19.6. HOLDING PART OF THE PROCEEDINGS ELSEWHERE 830
19.7. EFFECTS OF NON-COMPLIANCE WITH THE VENUE 831
19.8. THE VENUE AND FORUM NON CONVENIENS 832
CHANGE OF VENUE 832
19.9. CHANGE OF VENUE 832
DOCUMENTS-ONLY ARBITRATION
CHAPTER 20: DOCUMENTS-ONLY ARBITRATION 835
MIDDLE-SIZE AND SMALL CLAIMS 835
20.1. SPECIFIC PROBLEMS OF MIDDLE-SIZE AND SMALL CLAIMS 835
CONSUMER ARBITRATION 836
20.2. CONSUMER ARBITRATION 836
THE PROCEEDINGS 838
20.3. DOCUMENTS-ONLY ARBITRATION 838
20.4. DOCUMENTS-ONLY ARBITRATION AND DUE PROCESS 838
CONTENTS
PRE-ARBITRAL REFEREE
CHAPTER 21: THE PRE-ARBITRAL REFEREE 843
CONTEXT 843
21.1. CONTEXT 843
THE ICC PROCEEDINGS 845
21.2. THE ICC PRE-ARBITRAL REFEREE PROCEEDINGS 845
THE ORDER OF THE REFEREE 849
21.3. CHARACTERISATION OF THE ORDER OF THE REFEREE 849
THE INITIAL STAGE
CHAPTER 22: PRELIMINARY ISSUES AND INITIAL STAGE 851
THE PREMISE 852
22.1. BASIC PREMISE OF ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 852
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT 853
22.2. EFFECTS OF LACK OF RECOURSE TO EARLIER MEDIATION OR OF
LACK OF REFERRAL OF THE DISPUTE TO THE ENGINEER 853
22.3. LEGAL REPRESENTATION 855
22.4. ARBITRAL ADVOCACY 861
22.5. PRIVILEGE 861
22.6. OVERLAWYERING - A FULL ARMOUR 861
FORMATION OF THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 862
22.7. FORMATION OF THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 862
COMMENCEMENT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 864
22.8. COMMENCEMENT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 864
LANGUAGE OF THE PROCEEDINGS 865
22.9. LANGUAGE OF THE PROCEEDINGS 865
PRELIMINARY ISSUES 867
22.10. PRELIMINARY ISSUES - BIFURCATION 867
KOMPETENZ-KOMPETENZ 875
22.11. DECISION ON ARBITRAL JURISDICTION:
KOMPETENZ- KOMPETENZ 875
22.12. CONNECTION TO NONARBITRABLE DISPUTES 882
22.13. DEFENSES BASED ON ANOTHER RELATIONSHIP - SET OFFS 884
22.14. DUTY OF GOOD FAITH AND LOYALTY 885
22.15. COUNTERCLAIMS 887
22.16. LIS PENDENS BETWEEN ARBITRAL AND COURT PROCEEDINGS 891
22.17. MULTIFORA DISPUTES 901
22.18. DILATORY TACTICS 904
TERMS OF REFERENCE 905
22.19. NATURE AND LIMITS OF THE TERMS OF REFERENCE 905
CASE MANAGEMENT 913
22.20. PRE-TRIAL CONFERENCE VERSUS ORDER FOR DIRECTIONS -
CASE MANAGEMENT 913
CONTENTS XXII
TIMETABLE OF THE PROCEEDINGS 915
22.21. TIMETABLE OF THE PROCEEDINGS 915
THE ROLE OF THE ARBITRATOR 917
22.22. THE ARBITRATOR S DUTY TO ASSIST 917
22.23. THE ROLE OF THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL CHAIRMAN 919
22.24. DECISION ON EX-OFFICIO ISSUES 919
22.25. MEETING MINUTES 920
PROGRESS OF THE PROCEEDINGS 922
22.26. EXCHANGE OF PLEADINGS 922
22.27. DEADLINES 923
22.28. AMENDED CLAIMS AND NEW CLAIMS 924
22.29. ISSUE ESTOPPEL 928
22.30. PROMISSORY ESTOPPEL 929
INTERLOCUTORY INJUNCTIONS
CHAPTER 23: INTERLOCUTORY INJUNCTIONS 931
DOMESTIC ARBITRATION 932
23.1. IN DOMESTIC ARBITRATION 932
23.1.1. AUTHORITY OF THE ARBITRATOR 932
23.1.2. AUTHORITY RESERVED TO STATE COURTS OR
CONCURRENT AUTHORITY OF THE ARBITRATOR
AND OF STATE COURTS 936
23.2. AUTHORITY UNDER THE APPLICABLE PROCEDURAL LAW 941
INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 945
23.3. IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 945
DISTINCTIONS 952
23.4. DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN HOLDING MEASURES AND
INTERLOCUTORY INJUNCTIONS 952
23.5. INTERLOCUTORY INJUNCTIONS IN THE FORM OF AWARDS 955
23.6. JUDICIAL AND ARBITRAL PRECEDENTS 956
STANDARDS 967
23.7. STANDARDS FOR THE ISSUE OF INTERLOCUTORY INJUNCTIONS 967
ENFORCEMENT 970
23.8. COURT ENFORCEMENT OF ARBITRAL INJUNCTIONS 970
ANTI-SUIT INJUNCTIONS 971
23.9. ANTI-SUIT INJUNCTIONS 971
INTERFERENCE 974
23.10. INTERFERENCE OF COURT PROCEEDINGS WITH ARBITRAL INTERIM
INJUNCTIONS 974
23.11. ARBITRATOR S AUTHORITY TO VACATE INJUNCTION GRANTED
BY STATE COURT 976
PRE-ARBITRAL REFEREE 976
23.12. PRE-ARBITRAL REFEREE 976
WRONGFUL INJUNCTIONS 977
23.13. DAMAGES FOR WRONGFUL INJUNCTION 977
CONTENTS
PAYMENT ORDERS 978
23.14. PAYMENT ORDERS DURING THE PROCEEDINGS 978
23.15. CONCLUSIONS 979
THE EVIDENTIARY STAGE
CHAPTER 24: THE EVIDENTIARY STAGE 983
THE BURDEN OF PROOF 984
24.1. THE BURDEN AND STANDARD OF PROOF 984
ADMISSIBILITY OF EVIDENCE 988
24.2. ADMISSIBILITY OF EVIDENCE - SUBSTANTIVE OR PROCEDURAL
ISSUE 988
NEED FOR A LEAVE 992
24.3. LEAVE TO CALL ORAL EVIDENCE 992
THE TAKING OF EVIDENCE 1002
24.4. THE TAKING OF EVIDENCE 1002
24.5. PRETRIAL EVIDENCE (DEPOSITIONS AND INTERROGATORIES) 1004
24.6. PUBLICITY OF HEARINGS 1005
24.7. RECORDING OF HEARINGS 1006
DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 1008
24.8. DISCOVERY OF DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 1008
24.9. E-DISCOVERY 1022
24.10. ASSISTANCE OF FOREIGN AND INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNALS
IN OBTAINING EVIDENCE 1022
ORAL EVIDENCE 1023
24.11. WITNESS EVIDENCE 1023
24.12. WITNESS STATEMENTS / AFFIDAVITS 1036
24.13. CONSEQUENCES OF FALSE TESTIMONY 1037
24.14. TANDEM WITNESS EXAMINATION 1038
24.15. EVIDENCE GIVEN BY THE PARTIES 1041
24.16. APPLICATIONS TO THE COURTS FOR ASSISTANCE IN THE
TAKING OF EVIDENCE 1044
24.17. RULES OF CONDUCT 1046
24.18. SANCTIONS 1047
24.19. WITNESS COACHING 1048
EXPERTS 1049
24.20. EXPERTS 1049
24.21. THE ARBITRATOR S DUTY TO ASSIST THE PROCESS 1058
PRESUMPTIONS 1059
24.22. PRESUMPTIONS 1059
24.23. PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE ARBITRATOR AND JUDICIAL
NOTICE 1062
SITE VISITS 1064
24.24. SITE VISITS 1064
DEMONSTRATIVE EVIDENCE 1064
24.25. DEMONSTRATIVE EVIDENCE 1064
CONTENTS
TIME BARS AND NON-MANDATORY TERMS 1064
24.26. TIME BARS AND NON-MANDATORY TERMS 1064
SANCTIONS 1067
24.27. ADVERSE INFERENCES 1067
24.28. OTHER SANCTIONS 1067
FRESH EVIDENCE 1068
24.29. FRESH EVIDENCE 1068
CLOSING THE EVIDENTIARY STAGE 1069
24.30. CLOSING OF THE EVIDENTIARY STAGE 1069
NO STRICT RULES OF EVIDENCE 1070
24.31. ARBITRATORS DISPENSED WITH COMPLIANCE WITH STRICT
RULES OF EVIDENCE 1070
NEED FOR STANDARD RULES OF EVIDENCE 1074
24.32. NEED FOR INTERNATIONAL STANDARD RULES OF EVIDENCE 1074
CHAPTER 25: THE LAST PLEADINGS AND ORAL ARGUMENT 1077
APPRECIATION OF THE EVIDENCE 1077
25.1. APPRECIATION OF THE EVIDENCE AND AMENDMENTS TO
CLAIMS AND DEFENCES 1077
FINAL ADDRESSES 1078
25.2. THE FINAL ADDRESSES 1078
25.3. THE POST EVIDENTIARY BRIEF AND THE REBUTTAL 1078
25.4. THE LAST WORD 1079
THE TRIBUNAL S REVIEW - POSSIBLE REOPENING OF THE CASE 1079
25.5. TRIBUNAL S REVIEW OF THE STATUS OF THE PROCEEDINGS *
REOPENING OF THE CASE 1079
CHAPTER 26: SPEED AND EFFICIENCY IN ARBITRATION 1081
DELAYS 1081
26.1. DELAYS DURING THE PROCEEDINGS 1081
SPEED AND QUALITY 1083
26.2. SPEED AND QUALITY 1083
26.3. DUE SPEED 1083
26.4. ACCELERATED ARBITRATION 1085
26.5. FAST-TRACK ARBITRATION 1085
26.6. THE MIRACLE: TWO WEEKS 1087
26.7. TRULY FAST-TRACK ARBITRATION 1089
26.8. EMERGENCY ARBITRATION 1089
ARBITRATION ONLINE 1089
26.9. ARBITRATION ONLINE 1089
ADJUDICATION 1090
26.10. ADJUDICATION 1090
CONTENTS
PROCEDURAL DUE PROCESS
CHAPTER 27: BREACH OF DUE PROCESS 1091
NOTION OF DUE PROCESS 1091
27.1. NOTION OF DUE PROCESS 1091
27.2. DUE PROCESS AND CONTEMPT OF COURT 1095
VARIOUS BREACHES 1097
27.3. EQUAL TREATMENT IN REGARD TO THE APPOINTMENT OF
ARBITRATORS 1097
27.4. BIAS OR LACK OF INDEPENDENCE 1098
27.5. TERM TO APPEAR 1100
27.6. TIME LIMITS TO FILE PLEADINGS 1101
27.7. DISCLOSURE OF DOCUMENTS 1102
27.8. RIGHT TO CALL AND TO EXAMINE WITNESSES 1103
27.9. REASONABLE OPPORTUNITY TO PRESENT ONE S CASE AND TO
OPPOSE THE CASE OF THE OPPOSITE PARTY: L EGALITE DES ARMES .... 1107
27.10. RIGHT TO COMMENT ON THE ARBITRATOR S POSSIBLE
NEW APPROACH TO THE DISPUTE 1113
27.11. PARTIES RIGHT TO REPRESENTATION BY COUNSEL 1114
27.12. OTHER BREACHES OF DUE PROCESS 1115
27.13. DUE PROCESS IN DEFAULT PROCEEDINGS 1116
PUBLIC POLICY 1117
27.14. BREACH OF PUBLIC POLICY 1117
27.15. PUBLIC POLICY, HUMAN RIGHTS AND DUE PROCESS 1118
THE CONCEALED ENEMIES 1119
27.16. THE CONCEALED ENEMIES OF DUE PROCESS 1119
DENIAL OF JUSTICE 1120
27.17. DENIAL OF JUSTICE 1120
THE AWARD
CHAPTER 28: THE AWARD 1121
FINAL, PARTIAL AND INTERIM AWARDS 1122
28.1. POSSIBILITY OF INTERIM AWARDS - PROVISIONAL REMEDIES 1122
28.2. INTERIM AWARDS AND ORDERS 1128
28.3. FINAL AWARD 1130
28.4. FINALITY OF INTERIM AWARDS 1132
28.5. AWARD BY THE PARTIES CONSENT 1132
DUTY TO DECIDE 1134
28.6. DUTY TO DECIDE 1134
28.7. ARBITRATORS DELEGATION OF THEIR AUTHORITY TO DECIDE 1138
28.8. RENDERING SUBSTANTIALJUSTICE AND NOT SPLITTING THE BABY 1140
28.9. QUESTIONS AND PROPOSITIONS ON WHICH THE AWARD
DOES NOT HAVE TO DECIDE 1141
28.10. LACK OF ALL THE ARBITRATORS SIGNATURES 1141
28.11. DISCUSSION AND DECISION 1142
CONTENTS
28.12. TRUNCATED TRIBUNAL 1144
28.13. DECISION BY A MAJORITY OR CASTING VOTE 1149
28.14. JUDICIAL DISCRETION 1152
28.15. DECISION ON ISSUES NOT ARGUED BY THE PARTIES 1153
28.16. REMITTAL TO THE ARBITRATOR 1154
28.17. DISSENTING OPINIONS 1155
28.18. INERTIA OF THE PARTIES 1161
CONTENT OF THE AWARD 1164
28.19. CONTENT OF THE AWARD 1164
28.20. THE AWARD S REASONS 1169
28.21. OBITER DICTA 1176
AVAILABLE REMEDIES 1176
28.22. AVAILABLE RELIEF (MONETARY, DECLARATORY, INJUNCTIVE,
SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE, PENALTIES) 1176
28.23. OTHER SANCTIONS 1178
SANCTITY OF DELIBERATION CHAMBERS 1179
28.24. SANCTITY OF DELIBERATION CHAMBERS OR POWER OF STATE
COURTS TO INVADE THEM 1179
PLACE WHERE THE AWARD IS MADE 1181
28.25. PLACE WHERE THE AWARD IS MADE 1181
28.26. CONFIDENTIALITY IN ARBITRATION 1183
28.27. THE ARBITRAL INSTITUTION S SCRUTINY OF THE DRAFT AWARD 1192
EFFECTS OF THE AWARD 1194
28.28. EFFECTS OF THE AWARD - RES JUDICATA 1194
TIME LIMIT TO DECIDE 1206
28.29. TIME LIMIT FOR THE AWARD 1206
28.30. BINDING EFFECT OF PRECEDENTS -STARE DECISIS 1213
PUBLICATION OF THE AWARD 1219
28.31. PUBLICATION OF THE AWARD 1219
POST-AWARD ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 1221
28.32. POST-AWARD ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS: CORRECT INTERPRETATION AND
ADDITIONAL AWARD VERSUS POST-AWARD COURT PROCEEDINGS 1221
28.33. THE FIVE BASIC POST-AWARD AVENUES 1234
CHAPTER 29: COSTS INTEREST AND HIGHER DAMAGES 1235
COSTS OF THE PROCEEDINGS 1235
29.1. COSTS OF THE PROCEEDINGS 1235
29.1.1. ARBITRATORS FEES 1238
29.1.2. THE ARBITRATOR S EXPENSES 1238
29.1.3. THE PARTIES JOINT LIABILITY 1239
29.1.4. ADVANCES 1239
29.1.5. OTHER EXPENSES OF THE ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 1241
29.1.6. ADMINISTRATIVE DUES OF THE ARBITRAL INSTITUTION 1241
29.1.7. WITNESSES EXPENSES AND PER DIEM 1242
29.1.8. THE COSTS AND FEES OF THE VICTORIOUS PARTY 1242
29.1.9. SECURITY FOR COSTS 1242
29.1.10. COSTS FOLLOW THE EVENT 1245
XXVII CONTENTS
INTEREST 1248
29.2. INTEREST 1248
29.2.1 PRE-AWARD AND POST-AWARD INTEREST 1249
FURTHER DAMAGES 1254
29.3. FURTHER DAMAGES 1254
29.4. PUNITIVE DAMAGES - TREBLE DAMAGES 1255
29.4.1. PUNITIVE DAMAGES 1255
29.4.2 . TREBLE DAMAGES 1256
EXTRA COSTS 1256
29.5. EXTRA COSTS FOR INAPPROPRIATE CONDUCT 1256
CHAPTER 30: FILING AND NOTIFICATION OF THE AWARD 1259
FILING 1259
30.1. FILING WITH THE ARBITRAL INSTITUTION AND DELIVERY
OF THE AWARD 1259
30.2. FILING OF THE AWARD WITH A STATE COURT OR
GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY 1264
30.3. NOTIFICATION OF THE AWARD TO THE PARTIES 1268
30.4. PROHIBITION OF THE ARBITRATORS DIRECT DELIVERY OF THE
AWARD TO THE PARTIES 1268
NON FILING 1269
30.5. EFFECTS OF A REFUSAL TO FILE 1269
CHALLENGES OF AWARDS
CHAPTER 31: CHALLENGES OF AWARDS 1273
GENERAL FRAMEWORK 1274
31.1. GENERAL FRAMEWORK 1274
CLASSES OF CHALLENGES 1275
31.2. CLASSES OF CHALLENGES 1275
31.3. CHALLENGE OF AN AWARD MADE EX BONO ET AEQUO
OR AS AN AMIABLE COMPOSITEUR 1281
31.4. CHALLENGES IN THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 1282
GROUNDS FOR CHALLENGES 1285
31.5. GROUNDS FOR CHALLENGES 1285
31.6. FRIVOLOUS CLAIMS OR DEFENCES 1299
EXTENSION BY CONTRACT OF JUDICIAL REVIEW 1300
31.7. EXTENSION BY CONTRACT OF JUDICIAL REVIEW 1300
WAIVER TO CHALLENGES 1303
31.8. PRIOR WAIVER TO CHALLENGES - EFFECTS 1303
31.9. WAIVER BY CONDUCT DURING ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 1305
JURISDICTION ON CHALLENGES 1307
31.10. JURISDICTION ON CHALLENGES 1307
31.11. CHALLENGES OUTSIDE THE STATE OF ORIGIN 1318
31.12. CHALLENGES AGAINST THE FIRST INSTANCE AWARD
(WHILE THE APPELLATE ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS ARE PENDING) 1322
CONTENTS
31.13. ANTI-SUIT INJUNCTIONS AGAINST ACTIONS TO VACATE 1323
31.14. REVIEW OF DECISIONS MADE BY THE STATE COURTS ON THE
CHALLENGE OF AN AWARD 1323
LAW APPLICABLE TO CHALLENGES 1324
31.15. LAW APPLICABLE TO CHALLENGES 1324
REMEDIES 1325
31.16. REMEDIES AVAILABLE BEFORE NATIONAL COURTS 1325
31.17. CHALLENGES BEFORE ANOTHER ARBITRATOR 1331
31.18. CORRECTION AND INTERPRETATION OF AWARDS 1332
31.19. COURT PRECEDENTS 1332
31.20. NO SETTING ASIDE IF ARBITRATOR HAS CHOSEN AMONGST
AVAILABLE REMEDIES 1337
31.21. SETTING ASIDE FOR DENATURATION (MANIFEST DISREGARD)
OF CONTRACTUAL DOCUMENTS 1337
CHAPTER 32: FULL DE NOVO REVIEW BEFORE A NEW
ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 1339
THE VARIOUS VIEWS 1339
32.1. HOSTILITY TO ANY REVIEW OF THE MERITS 1339
32.2. WEAKNESS OF THIS POSITION 1340
32.3. CHALLENGES BEFORE STATE COURTS OR BEFORE A SECOND
DEGREE ARBITRATOR ? 1341
THE WASHINGTON CONVENTION 1341
32.4. THE WASHINGTON CONVENTION - AD HOC COMMITTEE 1341
COMMODITIES ARBITRATION 1342
32.5. COMMODITIES ARBITRATION 1342
32.6. FULL DE NOVO RECONSIDERATION 1342
THE EUROPEAN COURT OF ARBITRATION 1344
32.7. THE EUROPEAN COURT OF ARBITRATION SOLUTION 1344
32.8. CONDITION FOR LEAVE TO APPEAL 1344
THE CPR RULES 1345
32.9. THE CPR RULES 1345
SPORTS ARBITRATION 1345
32.10. SPORTS ARBITRATION 1345
THE ARBITRATION CHAMBER OF PARIS 1346
32.11. THE ARBITRATION CHAMBER OF PARIS 1346
COORDINATION BETWEEN THE VARIOUS CHALLENGES 1346
32.12. COORDINATION BETWEEN THE VARIOUS CHALLENGES TO
STATE COURTS AGAINST THE FIRST INSTANCE AWARD,
APPELLATE ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS AND CHALLENGES
AGAINST THE LATTER 1346
OTHER SUPERVISING BODIES? 1347
32.13. ICSID AND THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
AS SUPERVISING BODIES 1347
CONTENTS
ENFORCEMENT OF AWARDS
CHAPTER 33: ENFORCEMENT IN THE STATE OF ORIGIN 1351
AN ENFORCEABLE INSTRUMENT 1351
33.1. OBTAINING THE EFFECTS OF AN ENFORCEABLE INSTRUMENT 1352
ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS 1359
33.2. ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS 1359
33.3. DOES REJECTION OF CLAIMS TO SET ASIDE EQUAL LEAVE TO
ENFORCE? 1360
33.4. PARTIAL ENFORCEMENT 1360
33.5. STAY OF ENFORCEMENT 1361
TIME BAR 1362
33.6. TIME BAR FOR STARTING ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS 1362
OPPOSITIONS TO ENFORCEMENT 1363
33.7. OPPOSITIONS TO ENFORCEMENT 1363
33.8. STATE IMMUNITY FROM ENFORCEMENT 1365
33.9. REFUSAL OF LEAVE TO ENFORCE LOCAL AWARD FOR
NON-COMPLIANCE WITH MUNICIPAL PROCEDURAL LAW 1365
CHAPTER 34: ENFORCEMENT AND RECOGNITION IN OTHER STATES 1367
PRO-ENFORCEMENT TENDENCY 1368
34.1 PRO-ENFORCEMENT TENDENCY 1368
34.2. NO UNIFORM PROCEDURAL RULES FOR THE ENFORCEMENT
OF AWARDS IN THE VARIOUS JURISDICTIONS 1368
34.3. NATURE OF THE ENFORCEMENT ORDER: A STEP OF THE
ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS? 1371
FORUM SHOPPING. 1373
34.4. FORUM SHOPPING 1373
34.5. FORUM SELECTION 1375
34.6. ENFORCEMENT IN THE ABSENCE OF INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 1375
34.7. ENFORCEMENT UNDER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 1380
34.8. ENFORCEMENT NOT SOUGHT UNDER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 1385
34.9. ENFORCEMENT IN VARIOUS STATES 1386
DISTINCTION BETWEEN RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT 1387
34.10. DISTINCTION BETWEEN RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT 1387
ENFORCEMENT 1389
34.11. ENFORCEMENT OF THE INTERIM AWARD 1389
34.12. ENFORCEMENT OF PART OF THE AWARD 1389
34.13. ENFORCEMENT OF CONFLICTING DECISIONS 1390
34.14. ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENT ENTERED ON AN AWARD 1391
34.15. COUNTERCLAIMS AND SET OFFS IN RECOGNITION PROCEEDINGS 1393
34.16. TIME BAR FOR ENFORCEMENT 1394
34.17. TIME LIMIT TO ENFORCE THE AWARD 1394
OPPOSITION TO ENFORCEMENT 1395
34.18. OPPOSITION TO ENFORCEMENT 1395
34.19. STAY OF ENFORCEMENT 1398
CONTENTS
RECOGNITION PROCEEDINGS 1401
34.20. RECOGNITION AS A COUNTERCLAIM OR AS A DEFENCE 1401
PREVENTIVE PROCEEDINGS 1402
34.21. PREVENTIVE INDEPENDENT PROCEEDINGS TO ESTABLISH
THAT A FOREIGN AWARD MAY NOT BE RECOGNISED 1402
ENFORCEMENT OF AN AWARD THAT WAS SET ASIDE 1403
34.22. INDEPENDENCE OF ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS FROM
SETTING ASIDE PROCEEDINGS 1403
34.23. ENFORCEMENT OF AN AWARD THAT WAS SET ASIDE 1406
STATE IMMUNITY 1414
34.24. STATE IMMUNITY FROM ENFORCEMENT 1414
CHAPTER 35: RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT UNDER THE
NEW YORK CONVENTION 1417
FIELD OF APPLICATION 1419
35.1. FIELD OF APPLICATION 1419
35.1.1. RELATIONSHIP WITH DOMESTIC LAW AND
OTHER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 1420
35.1.2. THE MORE FAVOURABLE RIGHT PROVISION 1420
35.1.3. FOREIGN VERSUS INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC
AWARDS 1422
35.1.4. UNIVERSALITY AND THE TWO RESERVATIONS 1424
35.1.5. NEED FOR DOMESTIC IMPLEMENTATION 1426
35.2. DEFERENCE PAID TO THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 1426
35.2.1. SPECIAL MEANING OF RECOGNITION 1427
FORM REQUIREMENTS 1428
35.2.2. AGREEMENT IN WRITING 1428
CONTENTS OF THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 1430
35.2.3. CONTENTS OF THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 1430
STATE COURT REFERRAL 1431
35.2.4. STATE COURT REFERRAL OF DISPUTE TO ARBITRATION 1431
35.3. INTERIM AWARDS 1432
RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF AWARDS 1433
35.4. RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF AWARDS 1433
35.4.1. DOCUMENTS TO BE FILED WHEN APPLYING FOR
LEAVE TO ENFORCE 1434
35.4.2. ENFORCEMENT ONLY IN PART 1439
GROUNDS FOR REFUSAL TO ENFORCE 1440
35.5. GROUNDS FOR REFUSAL TO ENFORCE 1440
35.5.1. GROUNDS TO BE RAISED BY THE OPPOSITE PARTY 1440
35.5.2. GROUNDS FOR REFUSAL ON THE COURT S MOTION 1450
STAY OF ENFORCEMENT 1453
35.6. STAY OF ENFORCEMENT 1453
ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURE 1454
35.7. ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURE 1454
CONTENTS
PART II
SPECIAL ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS
CHAPTER 36: INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LAW ARBITRATION 1459
MAIN FEATURES 1459
36.1. ARBITRATION AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LAW DISPUTES 1459
36.2. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LAW
ARBITRATION 1462
PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION 1464
36.3. THE PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION 1464
36.4. A NEW ROLE FOR THE PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION 1467
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 1467
36.5. THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 1467
TRIBUNAL FOR THE LAW OF THE SEA 1472
36.6. THE INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE LAW OF THE SEA 1472
THEGATT 1473
36.7. SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE DISPUTES
(GATT AND WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION) 1473
36.8. MAIN FEATURES OF INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LAW ARBITRATION 1475
ARBITRATION BETWEEN STATES AND INDIVIDUALS 1478
36.9. ARBITRATION BETWEEN STATES AND INDIVIDUALS 1478
OTHER PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES 1481
36.10. SETTLEMENT OF OTHER PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES 1481
CHAPTER 37: ARBITRATION, THE BRUSSELS CONVENTION AND THE
INFLUENCE OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON
HUMAN RIGHTS 1483
THE BRUSSELS CONVENTION 1484
37.1. THE BRUSSELS CONVENTION 1484
37.1.1. THE EXCLUSION OF ARBITRATION FROM THE BRUSSELS
RULES 1484
THE AMBIT OF THE ARBITRATION EXCEPTION 1484
37.1.2. ARBITRATOR REFERRAL OF PRELIMINARY ISSUES TO THE
EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE 1489
37.1.3. THE EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE AS ARBITRATOR 1490
EC COMPETITION LAW AND ARBITRATION 1490
37.2. EC COMPETITION LAW AND ARBITRATION 1490
37.2.1. DISPUTES CAPABLE OF ARBITRATION 1491
37.2.2. FOREIGN APPLICABLE SUBSTANTIVE LAW AND EU
COMPETITION LAW 1491
37.2.3. THE STRICT APPROACH 1492
37.2.4. A MORE RECENT APPROACH 1492
37.2.5. PUBLIC POLICY NATURE OF ARTICLES 85-86 ROME TREATY 1496
37.2.6. DETERMINATION OF THE APPLICABILITY OF EC LAW BY THE
ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL ON ITS OWN INITIATIVE 1497
CONTENTS
37.2.7. ARBITRAL PRECEDENTS 1497
37.2.8. COURT PRECEDENTS 1498
CONSUMER PROTECTION 1499
37.3. DIRECTIVE 93 /13 EC, CONSUMER PROTECTION AND ARBITRATION 1499
THE CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS 1500
37.4. THE INFLUENCE OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON
HUMAN RIGHTS 1500
CHAPTER 38: UNCITRAL ARBITRATION 1505
UNCITRAL S ACHIEVEMENTS 1505
38.1. UNCITRAL S ACHIEVEMENTS IN THE FIELD OF ARBITRATION 1505
THE NEW YORK CONVENTION 1507
38.2. THE NEW YORK CONVENTION 1507
THE UNCITRAL ARBITRATION RULES 1507
38.3. THE UNCITRAL ARBITRATION RULES 1507
THE UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 1514
38.4. THE UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 1514
THE UNCITRAL GUIDELINES 1540
38.5. THE UNCITRAL NOTES ON ORGANIZING ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS .... 1540
CHAPTER 39: INVESTOR-STATE ARBITRATION
(THE WASHINGTON CONVENTION) 1545
I. INTRODUCTION 1547
INVESTMENT ARBITRATION DISTINGUISHED FROM COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION 1547
39.1. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INVESTMENT AND
COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION 1547
39.2. MUTUAL ADVANTAGES AND JUSTIFIED CONCERNS 1549
39.3. A VARIETY OF BARRIERS 1549
39.4. PREVIOUS FORMULAE 1550
39.5. EARLIER INVESTMENT CONVENTIONS 1550
39.6. MODERN FOREIGN INVESTMENT LAW 1551
39.7. THE ROLE OF INVESTMENT ARBITRATION 1551
ICSID ARBITRATION 1552
II. ICSID ARBITRATION 1552
PROCEDURAL LAW 1552
II. 1 PROCEDURAL LAW 1552
APPLICABLE LAW 1552
39.8. DISPUTES GOVERNED ONLY BY THE DOMESTIC
INVESTMENT LAW OF THE HOST STATE 1552
39.9. DISPUTES UNDER A BIT 1552
39.10. ICSID ARBITRATION 1553
THE ICSID ADDITIONAL FACILITY RULES 1556
39.11. THE ICSID ADDITIONAL FACILITY RULES 1556
CONSENT 1556
39.12. CONSENT TO ARBITRATION 1556
NOTION OF INVESTMENT 1561
XXXIII CONTENTS
39.13. THE NOTION OF INVESTMENT 1561
NATIONALITY OF THE INVESTOR 1565
39.14. NATIONALITY OF THE INVESTOR 1565
39.15. SHAREHOLDERS HEHIND THE INVESTMENT VEHICLE 1567
39.16. PREVIOUS EXHAUSTION OF LOCAL REMEDIES 1570
39.17. ALTERNATIVE OR EXCLUSIVE FORA 1571
THE FORK IN THE ROAD 1571
39.18. THE FORK IN THE ROAD 1571
39.19. THE WAIVER 1571
TREATY CLAIMS AND CONTRACT CLAIMS 1572
39.20. TREATY CLAIMS AND CONTRACT CLAIMS 1572
39.21. CONSOLIDATION OF PROCEEDINGS 1575
39.22. INTERIM MEASURES 1576
PROCEDURAL RULES 1577
39.23. PROCEDURAL RULES AND EVIDENCE 1577
SUBSTANTIVE LAW 1580
11.2 SUBSTANTIVE LAW 1580
39.24. DISPUTES UNDER A BIT 1580
39.25. CONTRACT TERMS AND RULES OF LAW 1581
39.26. THE INVESTMENT TREATY 1581
39.27. THE LAW OF THE HOST STATE 1583
39.28. PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW 1584
39.29. THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HOST STATE
LAW AND PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW 1584
FOREIGN INVESTORS SUBSTANTIVE RIGHTS 1586
11.3 FOREIGN INVESTORS SUBSTANTIVE RIGHTS 1586
NO DISCRIMINATION 1586
39.30. NO DISCRIMINATION 1586
39.31. NATIONAL TREATMENT 1586
NO LESS FAVOURABLE TREATMENT 1588
39.32. NO LESS FAVOURABLE TREATMENT 1588
39.33. DISCRIMINATORY INTENT 1588
MOST FAVOURED NATION 1588
39.34. MOST FAVOURED NATION 1588
39.35. SUBSTANTIVE AND PROCEDURAL RIGHTS 1589
39.36. ARBITRARY OR DISCRIMINATORY MEASURES 1590
PROTECTION AGAINST EXPROPRIATION 1590
39.37. PROTECTION AGAINST EXPROPRIATION 1590
39.38. INDIRECT EXPROPRIATIONS 1593
39.39. BREACH BY THE HOST STATE OF ITS REPRESENTATIONS 1595
39.40. EFFECTS OF THE DURATION OF THE MEASURE 1595
39.41. TRANSFER OF THE PROPERTY 1595
FAIR AND EQUITABLE TREATMENT 1595
39.42. FAIR AND EQUITABLE TREATMENT 1595
39.43. PROTECTION AND SECURITY 1598
UMBRELLA CLAUSES 1599
39.44. UMBRELLA CLAUSES 1599
CONTENTS
AVAILABLE REMEDIES 1603
11.4 AVAILABLE REMEDIES 1603
SETTING ASIDE PROCEEDINGS 1604
11.5 SETTING ASIDE PROCEEDINGS 1604
39.45. SETTING ASIDE OF INVESTMENT AWARDS 1606
39.46. ICSID AWARDS 1606
39.47. OTHER INVESTMENT AWARDS 1609
39.48. SUBSTANTIAL NON-COMPLIANCE WITH RULES
OF PROCEDURE - EXCESS OF AUTHORITY 1610
39.49. PUBLIC POLICY 1612
ERRORS OF LAW AND ERRORS OF FACT 1612
39.50. ERRORS OF LAW AND ERRORS OF FACT 1612
39.51. EXCLUSIONS AND EXTENSIONS OF THE GROUNDS FOR CHALLENGE 1613
ENFORCEMENT 1613
11.6 ENFORCEMENT OF INVESTMENT AWARDS 1613
39.52. THE EXEQUATUR 1613
39.53 IMMUNITY FROM ENFORCEMENT 1614
39.54. STAY OF ENFORCEMENT OF THE FIRST INSTANCE AWARD 1614
INVESTMENT UNDER OTHER MULTILATERAL TREATIES 1615
III. INVESTMENT UNDER OTHER MULTILATERAL TREATIES 1615
NAFTA 1615
39.55. THE NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (NAFTA) 1615
THE LOME CONVENTIONS 1615
39.56. THE LOME CONVENTIONS 1615
MERCOSUR 1616
39.57. MERCOSUR 1616
ASEAN INVESTMENT AGREEMENT 1616
39.58. THE ASEAN INVESTMENT AGREEMENT 1616
ENERGY CHARTER TREATY 1616
39.59. ENERGY CHARTER TREATY 1616
DR-CAFTA FREE TRADE AGREEMENT 1616
39.60. THE DR-CAFTA FREE TRADE AGREEMENT 1616
WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION 1617
39.61. WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION 1617
EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT FUND RULES 1617
39.62. EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT FUND RULES 1617
PROSPECTS ON THE FUTURE OF INVESTMENT ARBITRATION 1618
IV. PROSPECTS ON THE FUTURE OF INVESTMENT
ARBITRATION 1618
39.63. TO RATIONALIZE THE NEED FOR CONSENT 1618
39.64. NO MORE THAN TWO DEGREES 1618
39.65. A FULL DE NOVO REVIEW 1619
39.66. TREATY CLAIMS AND CONTRACT CLAIMS 1619
39.67. HOW TO REDUCE THE RISK OF OPPOSITE
CONSTRUCTION OF TREATIES 1619
39.68. A SHORTER DURATION 1621
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 40: ARBITRATION OF COMMERCIAL DISPUTES
BETWEEN A STATE AND A PRIVATE PARTY 1623
DIFFERENT CLASSES OF DISPUTES 1623
40.1. DIFFERENT CLASSES OF DISPUTES 1623
DIFFERENT NATIONAL REGIMES 1624
40.2. DIFFERENT NATIONAL REGIMES 1624
40.3. ARBITRATION INVOLVING STATES AND STATE ENTITIES 1626
CRITICISM OF THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS 1626
40.4. INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS ALLEGED TO BE
INSTRUMENTS OF A WESTERN POLICY DETRIMENTAL
TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 1626
40.5. A RESPONSE 1630
40.6. TEMPTATIONS TO BE RESISTED 1633
CHAPTER 41: ARBITRATION UNDER THE ALGIERS DECLARATIONS
(THE IRAN-U.S. CLAIMS TRIBUNAL) 1635
ORIGIN 1635
41.1. ORIGIN OF THE DECLARATIONS - CONTENTS 1635
41.2. FORM OF THE DECLARATIONS 1638
NATURE OF THE TRIBUNAL 1639
41.3. ARBITRAL OR NON-ARBITRAL NATURE OF THE TRIBUNAL 1639
THE TWO ROLES OF THE TRIBUNAL 1646
41.4. THE TWO ROLES OF THE TRIBUNAL 1646
JURISDICTION 1647
41.5. JURISDICTION OF THE TRIBUNAL 1647
SUBSTANTIVE AND PROCEDURAL LAWS 1648
41.6. APPLICABLE SUBSTANTIVE AND PROCEDURAL LAWS 1648
CHAPTER 42: COMMODITY ARBITRATION 1677
THE ORIGIN 1677
42.1. THE ORIGIN OF COMMODITY ARBITRATION 1677
THE RULES 1678
42.2. THE COMMODITY ARBITRATION RULES 1678
CHAPTER 43: THE SPORTS ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 1683
43.1. THE PRACTICE OF SPORT 1683
43.2. SPORTS ORGANISATIONS 1684
43.3. THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE 1684
43.4. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ATHLETE AND A SPORTS
ORGANISATION 1685
43.5. THE FREEDOM TO JOIN AN ASSOCIATION 1685
43.6. THE LICENCE 1685
43.7. IS THERE A SPORTS LEGAL ORDER? 1686
43.8. SPORTS DISPUTES AND DISPUTES RELATED TO SPORT 1686
43.9. THE SETTLEMENT OF SPORTS DISPUTES 1687
CONTENTS XXXVI
43.10. AVAILABLE ARBITRATION BODIES 1688
43.11. CONSENT AS THE BASIS OF ARBITRATION 1689
43.12. LAW APPLICABLE TO FORM AND CONSENT 1690
43.13. FORM REQUIREMENTS 1690
43.14. CONSENT TO ARBITRATION 1691
43.15. IMPLICATIONS OF THE ATHLETE S CLAIM TO AN ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 1691
43.16. ARBITRABILITY 1691
43.17. PUBLIC POLICY 1692
43.18. THE COURT OF ARBITRATION FOR SPORT (CAS) 1692
43.18.1. IOC, ICAS AND CAS 1692
43.18.2. THE DECISIVE EFFECTS OF CAS S REGISTERED OFFICES 1694
43.18.3. THE ROLE OF ICAS 1697
43.18.4. THE STRUCTURE OF THE CAS 1698
43.18.5. THE CAS PROCEDURAL RULES 1698
43.18.6. RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF CAS AWARDS 1709
43.19. THE BASKETBALL ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL (BAT) 1710
CHAPTER 44: ONLINE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 1717
THE INTERNET - THE DRAMATIC CHANGE 1718
44.1. DRAMATIC CHANGES IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 1718
44.2. OLD WORLD AND NEW (VIRTUAL) WORLD ARBITRATION 1719
44.3. THE USE OF THE INTERNET 1720
PREDOMINANTLY TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED DISPUTE RESOLUTION 1720
44.4. PREDOMINANTLY TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED DISPUTE RESOLUTION 1720
FULLY TECHNOLOGY-BASED DISPUTE RESOLUTION 1721
44.5. FULLY TECHNOLOGY-BASED ONLINE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 1721
ONLINE DISPUTE PREVENTION 1722
44.6. ONLINE DISPUTE PREVENTION 1722
ONLINE ARBITRATION PROVIDERS 1723
44.7. ONLINE ARBITRATION PROVIDERS 1723
44.8. INTERNET WEBSITES 1724
44.9. VARIOUS ONLINE DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS 1724
RETAIL E-COMMERCE ONLINE ARBITRATION 1725
44.10. RETAIL E-COMMERCE ONLINE ARBITRATION 1725
THE LEGAL OBSTACLES 1728
44.11. THE LEGAL OBSTACLES TO ONLINE ARBITRATION 1728
PLACE WHERE ONLINE CONTRACTS ARE MADE 1735
44.12. WHERE CONTRACTS ON THE INTERNET ARE MADE 1735
ANOTHER DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL
ONLINE ARBITRATION? 1737
44.13. ANOTHER DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DOMESTIC AND
INTERNATIONAL ONLINE ARBITRATION? 1737
THE PROCEEDINGS 1737
44.14. THE PROCEEDINGS IN TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED ONLINE
ARBITRATION 1737
E-DISCOVERY 1738
44.15. E-DISCOVERY 1738
XXXVII CONTENTS
THE UNIFORM DOMAIN NAME DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCESS 1746
44.16. THE UNIFORM DOMAIN NAME DISPUTE RESOLUTION
PROCESS 1746
BALANCING THE HUMAN FACTOR AGAINST THE USE OF ELECTRONIC
DOCUMENTS 1748
44.17. BALANCING THE HUMAN FACTOR AGAINST THE
USE OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS 1748
CHAPTER 45: OBSTACLES TO OVERCOME 1749
A PANEL OR A SOLE ARBITRATION 1749
45.1. A PANEL INSTEAD OF A SOLE ARBITRATOR 1749
THE TRONC COMMUN VERSUS CONFLICTS RULES 1750
45.2. ARTIFICIAL CONFLICTS RULES TO BE REPLACED
BY THE TRONC COMMUN 1750
LACK OF RULES OF EVIDENCE BEFORE SUBMISSION TO ARBITRATION 1751
45.3. LACK OF RULES OF EVIDENCE BEFORE SUBMISSION TO
ARBITRATION 1751
COURT INTERFERENCE 1752
45.4. COURT INTERFERENCE 1752
LACK OF A CONSTRUCTIVE DIALOGUE 1754
45.5. LACK OF A CONSTRUCTIVE DIALOGUE 1754
TOO MANY SPECIAL ARBITRATION LAWS 1757
45.6. TOO MANY SPECIAL ARBITRATION LAWS 1757
FAVOR ET SFAVOR ARBITRATUS 1757
45.7. FAVOR ET SFAVOR ARBITRATUS 1757
INSUFFICIENT USE OF DOCUMENTS-ONLY AND OF ONLINE ARBITRATION 1758
45.8. INSUFFICIENT USE OF DOCUMENTS-ONLY AND OF
ONLINE ARBITRATION 1758
MORE CARE IN AWARDING COSTS IN ARBITRATION 1758
45.9. MORE CARE IN AWARDING COSTS IN ARBITRATION 1758
PREJUDGING 1759
45.10. PREJUDGING 1759
FORMAL VERSUS ABSOLUTE TRUTH 1762
45.11. FORMAL VERSUS ABSOLUTE TRUTH 1762
CHAPTER 46: THE CONTINUOUS SEARCH FOR IMPROVEMENTS 1765
LESSONS FROM THE PAST AND THE PRESENT 1766
46.1. LESSONS FROM THE PAST AND THE PRESENT 1766
NO LUXURY CLINIC 1773
46.2. NO LUXURY CLINIC 1773
EXCESSIVE FORMALISM 1774
46.3. EXCESSIVE FORMALISM 1774
WHAT JUSTICE DOES AN HONEST MAN EXPECT FROM THE ARBITRATOR? 1776
46.4. WHAT JUSTICE DOES AN HONEST MAN EXPECT FROM
THE ARBITRATOR ? 1776
THE MISSION OF THE ARBITRATOR 1778
CONTENTS
46.5. THE MISSION OF THE ARBITRATOR 1778
REDUCTION OF CHALLENGES 1778
46.6. REDUCTION OF CHALLENGES 1778
A SOLE ARBITRATOR AND NOT A PANEL 1779
46.7. A SOLE ARBITRATOR AND NOT A PANEL 1779
A MUCH SHORTER DURATION 1780
46.8. A MUCH SHORTER DURATION TO THE PROCEEDINGS 1780
FULL DE NOVO REVIEW BY AN APPELLATE ARBITRATION PANEL 1781
46.9. FULL DE NOVO REVIEW BY AN APPELLATE ARBITRATION PANEL 1781
ONE SUPRA-NATIONAL COURT OF ARBITRATION 1788
46.10. ONE SUPRA-NATIONAL COURT OF ARBITRATION AND AN
IMMEDIATELY ENFORCEABLE APPELLATE TRANSNATIONAL
AWARD 1788
BASIC CHOICES IN THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 1792
46.11. BASIC CHOICES IN THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 1792
THIRD GENERATION ARBITRATION 1793
46.12. THIRD GENERATION ARBITRATION 1793
ARBITRATION TO BE DIFFERENT AND BETTER THAN COURT PROCEEDINGS 1794
46.13. ARBITRATION TO BE DIFFERENT AND BETTER THAN
COURT PROCEEDINGS 1794
CONTINUOUS SEARCH FOR IMPROVEMENTS 1795
46.14. CONTINUOUS SEARCH FOR IMPROVEMENTS 1795
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A: ARTICLES ON ARBITRATION 1799
APPENDIX B: OTHER ARTICLES 1879
APPENDIX C: TEXTBOOKS ON ARBITRATION 1881
APPENDIX D: OTHER TEXTBOOKS 1889
TABLE OF AWARDS 1895
TABLE OF CASES 1915
INDEX 2013
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Rubino-Sammartano, Mauro 1937- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1047952602 |
| author_facet | Rubino-Sammartano, Mauro 1937- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Rubino-Sammartano, Mauro 1937- |
| author_variant | m r s mrs |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV041588055 |
| classification_rvk | PT 350 PU 1555 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)891158820 (DE-599)BVBBV041588055 |
| dewey-full | 341.5/22 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 341 - Law of nations |
| dewey-raw | 341.5/22 |
| dewey-search | 341.5/22 |
| dewey-sort | 3341.5 222 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | Third edition |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV041588055 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:00:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781937518158 |
| language | English |
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| physical | xlv, 2025 Seiten |
| publishDate | 2014 |
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| publisher | Juris |
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| spelling | Rubino-Sammartano, Mauro 1937- Verfasser (DE-588)1047952602 aut International arbitration law International arbitration law and practice (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) Mauro Rubino-Sammartano. With forewords by Prof. Pierre Mayer and The Right Hon. The Lord Mustill Third edition Huntington Juris [2014] © 2014 xlv, 2025 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier hier auch unveränderte Nachdrucke Arbitration and award, International Internationale Handelsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4132605-2 gnd rswk-swf Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4162055-0 gnd rswk-swf Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4162055-0 s DE-604 Internationale Handelsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4132605-2 s 1\p DE-604 Vorangegangen ist Rubino-Sammartano, Mauro International arbitration law 1. edition SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027033179&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Rubino-Sammartano, Mauro 1937- International arbitration law and practice (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) Arbitration and award, International Internationale Handelsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4132605-2 gnd Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4162055-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4132605-2 (DE-588)4162055-0 |
| title | International arbitration law and practice (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) |
| title_alt | International arbitration law |
| title_auth | International arbitration law and practice (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) |
| title_exact_search | International arbitration law and practice (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) |
| title_full | International arbitration law and practice (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) Mauro Rubino-Sammartano. With forewords by Prof. Pierre Mayer and The Right Hon. The Lord Mustill |
| title_fullStr | International arbitration law and practice (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) Mauro Rubino-Sammartano. With forewords by Prof. Pierre Mayer and The Right Hon. The Lord Mustill |
| title_full_unstemmed | International arbitration law and practice (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) Mauro Rubino-Sammartano. With forewords by Prof. Pierre Mayer and The Right Hon. The Lord Mustill |
| title_old | Rubino-Sammartano, Mauro International arbitration law |
| title_short | International arbitration law and practice |
| title_sort | international arbitration law and practice commercial investment online state individual interstate commodities u s iran uncitral and sports arbitration |
| title_sub | (commercial, investment, online, state-individual, interstate, commodities, U.S.-Iran, UNCITRAL and sports arbitration) |
| topic | Arbitration and award, International Internationale Handelsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4132605-2 gnd Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4162055-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Arbitration and award, International Internationale Handelsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027033179&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rubinosammartanomauro internationalarbitrationlaw AT rubinosammartanomauro internationalarbitrationlawandpracticecommercialinvestmentonlinestateindividualinterstatecommoditiesusiranuncitralandsportsarbitration |