Theories of syntax: concepts and case studies
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Basingstoke
Palgrave Macmillan
2014
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 235 S. graph. Darst. |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804151569142251520 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Do you want a deeper
understanding of
syntax and grammar?
Theories of Syntax: Concepts and Case Studies is an
indispensable student companion. Starting with basic
concepts of syntax,
Kuiper
and Nokes then delve
deeper by explaining how we understand syntactic
phenomena; and show us how to use different
theoretical frameworks.
Theories of Syntax:
Ш
Explores syntactic phenomena through a
scientific lens
■
Shows how syntactic models are shaped by
theoretical frameworks
и
Summarizes four theories of syntax: Systemic
Functional Grammar, the Principles and
Parameters Framework, Lexical Functional
Grammar and Minimalism
■
Illustrates seven sets of syntactic phenomena
through case studies
With questions for revision, reflection and discussion in each chapter, this is an ideal book for
students who want to further their studies.
Contents
Preface
xii
Acknowledgements
xvi
Abbreviations and Symbols
xvii
Part I Concepts of Syntax
Introduction to Part I
2
1
Studying Syntax
3
1.1
Why Is Syntax Worth Studying?
3
1.2
The Phenomena
5
1.3
Movie or Still?
8
1.4
Method
9
1.5
Where Next?
13
Questions for Revision, Reflection and Discussion
14
2
A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Syntax
15
2.1
Introduction
15
2.2
Adjacency
15
2.3
Domain
16
2.4
Constituency
18
2.4.1
Basic Concepts in Constituency
19
2.4.2
Tests for Constituency
20
2.5
Dependency
24
2.6
Function
25
2.7
Morpho-syntactic Form
26
2.8
Inherent and Assigned Properties
28
2.9
Conclusion
30
Questions for Revision, Reflection and Discussion
31
3
Seven Syntactic Phenomena
32
3.1
Introduction
32
3.2
Discourse Functions Which Play a Role in Syntax
33
3.3
Semantic Concepts Which Play a Role in Syntax
34
vii
3.4
Some General Concepts in Syntax
39
3.5
Case Studies of Syntactic Phenomena
40
3.5.1
Phrase Structure and Complementation
40
3.5.2
Grammatical Relations/Syntactic Functions
46
3.5.3
Case
50
3.5.4
Passive Constructions
53
3.5.5
Wh Questions
54
3.5.6
Pronouns and Antecedents
55
3.5.7
Phonologically Null Syntactic Elements
57
3.6
Ambiguity and Indeterminacy in Syntax
57
3.7
Conclusion
58
Questions for Revision, Reflection and Discussion
59
Part II Theories of Syntax
Introduction to Part II
62
4
Systemic Functional Grammar
65
4.1
Historical Origins and General Character of Systemic
Functional Grammar
65
4.2
Outline of the Syntactic Components of Systemic
Functional Grammar
70
4.3
Systemic Functional Grammar and Syntactic Phenomena
72
4.3.1
Phrase Structure and Complementation
72
4.3.2
Syntactic Functions
78
4.3.2.1
Clause Functions
79
4.3.2.2
Phrase or Group Functions
80
4.3.3
Case
81
4.3.4
Passive Constructions
81
4.3.5
Wh Questions
82
4.3.6
Pronouns and Antecedents
83
4.3.7
Phonologically Null Syntactic Elements
84
Questions for Revision, Reflection and Discussion
85
5
The Principles and Parameters Framework
87
5.1
Historical Origins and General Character of the
Principles and Parameters Framework
87
5.2
Outline of the Syntactic Components of the Principles
and Parameters Framework
90
5.2.1
Х
-Bar
Theory
92
5.2.2
Theta Theory
92
5.2.3
Case Theory
93
5.2.4
Binding Theory
5.2.5
Bounding Theory
5.2.6
Control Theory
5.2.7
Government
The Principles and Parameters Framework and
Syntactic Phenomena
5.3.1
Phrase Structure and Complementation
5.3.1.1
Heads
5.3.1.2
Complements
5.3.1.3
Specifiers
5.3.1.4
Adjuncts
5.3.1.5
c-Command, m-Command and
Government
5.3.2
Syntactic Functions
5.3.3
Case
5.3.4
Passives
5.3.5
Wh Questions
5.3.6
Pronouns and Antecedents
5.3.7
Phonologically Null Syntactic Elements
93
93
94
94
5.3
95
95
95
96
98
102
104
105
106
110
112
117
120
Questions for Revision, Reflection and Discussion
123
6
Lexical Functional Grammar
125
6.1
A Brief History of Lexical Functional Grammar
125
6.1.1
Introduction
125
6.1.2
History
126
6.2
An Outline of Lexical Functional Grammar
129
6.2.1
C-Structure
131
6.2.2
Phrase Structure Rules
135
6.2.3
Functional Structure
137
6.2.4
Functional Descriptions
141
6.2.4.1
Functional Equations
141
6.2.4.2
Building a Functional Description
144
6.2.5
Mapping
С
-Structure to F-Structure
146
6.2.5.1
Associating Grammatical Functions with
Phrase Structure
146
6.2.5.2
The Mapping Process
147
6.2.5.3
Cross-Linguistic Variation in Mapping
151
6.2.6
Argument Structure and Lexical Mapping Theory
153
6.2.6.1
The Separation of Semantic and
Syntactic Function
153
6.2.6.2
The Thematic Hierarchy
154
6.2.6.3
Feature
Classification of Functions and
Arguments
154
6.2.6.4
Mapping Arguments to Functions
155
6.2.7
Summary
157
6.3
How LFG Deals with Syntactic Phenomena
157
6.3.1
Phrase Structure and Complementation
157
6.3.1.1
Cross-Linguistic Variation in Phrase
Structure
157
6.3.1.2
Complementation
159
6.3.2
Grammatical Relations
160
6.3.3
Case
161
6.3.3.1
How Is Case Assigned?
161
6.3.3.2
How Is Case Constrained?
162
6.3.4
Passives
163
6.3.5
Wh Questions
163
6.3.5.1
Focussed Constituents
163
6.3.5.2
Outside-In and Inside-Out Paths
164
6.3.6
Pronouns and Antecedents
165
6.3.6.1
Binding Theory
165
6.3.6.2
Binding Prerequisites
167
6.3.6.3
С
-Command versus Prominence
167
6.3.6.4
Binding Paths
169
6.3.6.5
Integrating Indexing, Prominence and Paths
171
6.3.7
Phonologically Null Syntactic Elements
172
Questions for Revision, Reflection and Discussion
174
7
The Minimalist Program
176
7.1
A Brief History of Minimalist Syntax
176
7.1.1
Introduction
176
7.1.2
The Development of the Minimalist Approach
179
7.2
A Minimalist View of Language
181
7.2.1
From the Lexicon to the Interfaces
181
7.2.2
The Derivation: Merge, Copy and Spellout
183
7.2.3
Other Operations: Linearization and Covert
Operations
186
7.3
A Minimalist Approach to Syntactic Phenomena
188
7.3.1
Phrase Structure and Complementation
188
7.3.1.1
Х
-Bar
Theory Revisited
188
7.3.1.2
From
Х
-Bar
Theory to Bare Phrase Structure
189
7.3.1.3
Functional Projections
191
7.3.1.4
Word Order
195
7.3.1.5
Argument
and Non-Argument functions
196
7.3.1.6
Structural Relations
196
7.3.2
Grammatical Relations
197
7.3.2.1
Thêta
Theory and the
PÏSH
197
7.3.3
Case: Checking
versus
Valuation
198
7.3.4
Passives
202
7.3.5
Wh Questions
203
7.3.6
Pronouns and Antecedents
206
7.3.7
Phonologically
Null Syntactic Elements
209
Questions
for Revision, Reflection and Discussion
211
8
Syntax and Its Theories
214
8.1
So What Were Those Puzzles?
214
8.1.1
Ambiguity and Wh Movement
214
8.1.2
Interpreting Pronouns
215
8.1.3
Constituency and Verb Particle Constructions
217
8.1.4
How Do We Know That a Subject Is an Agent in
an Active Sentence?
217
8.1.5
The Pro-form One
218
8.1.6
Solving Problems
219
8.2
Testing Theories
219
8.3
Methodology, Time Lines and Lines of Influence
222
8.4
The Sociology of Syntactic Theory
225
8.5
Conclusion
226
Questions for Revision, Reflection and Discussion
228
Index
231
|
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