Pediatric emergencies:
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia, Pa.
Elsevier
2013
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Pediatric clinics of North America
60,5 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVII S., S. 1019 - 1271 Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780323227339 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Pediatric emergencies |c ed. Richard Lichenstein ; Getachew Teshome |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia, Pa. |b Elsevier |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a XVII S., S. 1019 - 1271 |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Pediatric
Emergencies
Contents
Preface:
Pediatric
Emergencies
xv
Richard Uchenstein and Getachew Teshome
Acute Bronehiolitis
1019
Getachew Teshome, Rajender Gattu, and Reginald Brown
Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract Infection to affect
infants and toddlers. High-risk patients include infants younger than
3
months, premature infants, children with immunodeficiency, children
with underlying cardiopulmonary or neuromuscular disease, or infants
prone to
apnea,
severe respiratory distress, and respiratory failure. Bron¬
chiolitis
¡s a
self-limited disease in healthy infants and children. Treatment
is usually symptomatic, and the goal of therapy is to maintain adequate
oxygénation
and hydration. Use of a high-flow nasal
cannula
is becoming
common for children with severe bronchiolitis.
Asthma Update
1035
Kyle A. Nelson and Joseph J. Zorc
Asthma continues to be one of the most common reasons for emer¬
gency department visits and a leading cause of hospitalization. Acute
management involves severity-based treatment of bronchoconstriction
and underlying airway inflammation- Optimal treatment has been defined
and standardized through randomized controlled trials, systematic
reviews, and consensus guidelines. Implementation of
clinicai
practice
guidelines may improve clinical, quality, and safety outcomes. Asthma
morbidity is disproportionately high in poor, urban, and minority chil¬
dren. Children treated in emergency departments
commonły
have per¬
sistent chronic severity, significant morbidity, and infrequent follow-up
and primary asthma care, and prescription of inhaled corticosteroids
is appropriate.
Evaluation of Child with Fever Without Source: Review of literature and Update
1049
Rajan Arora
and Prashant Mahajan
Fever is one of the most common reasons for a visit to the primary care
provider or the emergency department. Traditionally, clinicians have
used various risk-stratification strategies to identify serious bacterial infec¬
tions (SBI) without an obvious source in febrile children, because missed
bacterial infections in such children can result in meningitis, sepsis, and
death; therefore, early and accurate identification of SBIs is critical. Infants
aged less than
60
to
90
days are at greatest risk of SBI. The epidemiology
of SBI continues to evotve, especially after the successful introduction of
conjugate vaccines against Streptococcus prmumorme and HtnemopbUus
influenzáé.
Contents
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
1063
Rakesh D.
Mistry
The approach to common skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) was
previously well understood. However, the recent emergence of commu¬
nity-associated methicillin resistant Staphyloccocus aureus as a common
pathogen has changed the epidemiology of these infections and has led
clinicians to alter their practice and treatment of SSTI. This article
discusses the present epidemiology of SSTI and community-acquired
methicillm-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, evidence-based approach
to incision and drainage, the utility of adjuvant antibiotic therapy after
abscess drainage, and current antimicrobial approach to
cellulitis
and
nondrained SSTIs. Methods to reduce transmission and recurrence of
SSTI through decolonization strategies are also discussed.
Approach to Syncope and Altered Mental Status
1083
Emily C. MacNeill and Sudhir Vashist
Children, who present with an episode of altered mental status, whether
transient or persistent, present a diagnostic challenge for practitioners.
This article describes some of the more common causes of altered mental
status and delineates a rational approach to these patients. This will help
practitioners recognize the life-threatening causes of these frightening
presentations as well as help avoid unnecessary testing for the more
benign causes.
Updates in the General Approach to
Pediatric
Head Trauma and Concussion
1107
Shireen M. Atabaki
Acute recognition and management of traumatic brain injury along the
spectrum from mild to severe is essential in optimizing
neurocognitive
out¬
comes. Concussion is common following head trauma in children, and
resulting symptoms can last for months if not diagnosed and managed
properly. Emerging evidence and consensus demonstrate that a program
of cognitive and physical activity with a graduated return to play, sport, and
school may improve outcomes following concussion. Return to Play leg¬
islation for youth has been adopted by most states. Outcomes of patients
with severe traumatic brain injury have improved.
Cervical Spine Injury
1123
Julie C. Leonard
Once a child is determined to be at risk of having a cervical spine injury,
clinicians must take appropriate precautions to avoid potential worsening
of neurologic deficits. Occasionally these decisions are made in the
absence of adequate cervical spine imaging when dealing with a child s
unstable airway or other life-threatening injuries. Furthermore, clinicians
have to make decisions regarding appropriate diagnostic testing to evalu¬
ate for potential injury. Decisions regarding testing should take into consid¬
eration the clinical presentation of the patient, aiming to order appropriate
testing for those at risk and avoid unnecessary testing for those without
signs of cervical spine injury.
Contents
xi
Emerging Concepts in
Pediatric
Emergency Radiology
1139
Nicola Baker and Dale Woolridge
Radiologie
studies are a vital component in the workup and diagnosis of
disease. An appropriate
radiographie
study will accurately rule in or rule
out disease with the least possible harm. Special considerations are
necessary for the imaging of children. Current trends in
pediatrie
imaging
support the increased use of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging
to decrease radiation exposure. In this review, we highlight some of the
emerging concepts in the
radiographie
workup of
pediatrie
disease, with
a focus on decreasing ionizing radiation, increasing ultrasound use, and
using clinical decision rules to identify children who do not need imaging.
Pediatric
Office Emergencies
1153
Susan
Fuchs
Pediatricians regularly see emergencies in the office, or children that
require transfer to an emergency department, or hospitalization. An office
self-assessment is the first step in determining how to prepare for an emer¬
gency. The use of mock codes and skill drills make office personnel feel
less anxious about medical emergencies. Emergency information forms
provide valuable, quick information about complex patients for emergency
medical services and other physicians caring for patients. Furthermore,
disaster planning should be part of an office preparedness plan.
Common Office Procedures and Analgesia Considerations
1163
Amy Baxter
This article reviews common office procedures and analgesia consider¬
ations for
pediatric
outpatients. Layer times of onset of analgesics to
coincide with procedures.
Pediatric
procedural distress is
multimodal.
Always address parent and child fear and attention, along with pain.
Pediatric
Mental Health Emergencies and Special Health Care Needs
1185
Thomas H. Chun, Emily R. Katz, and Susan J. Duffy
Children with mental health problems are increasingly being evaluated and
treated by both
pediatric
primary care and
pediatric
emergency physi¬
cians. This article focuses on the epidemiology, evaluation, and manage¬
ment of the
2
most common
pediatric
mental health emergencies, suicidal
and homicidal/aggressive patients, as well as the equally challenging
population of children with autism or other developmental disabilities.
Updates in the General Approach to the
Pediatric
Poisoned Patient
1203
Fermin Barrueto Jr, Rajender Gattu, and
Maryann Mazer-Amirshahi
Poison prevention remains essential to prevent the most vulnerable popu¬
lation from becoming exposed to potentially lethal toxins. The evaluation of
a child presumed to have been exposed to a toxic substance should
include a precise history of the exposure, a physical examination, and
knowledge of current
ingestions
and recreational practices. New treat¬
ments and research guiding therapy continue to evolve. Poison centers
xii Contents
and medical toxicoiogists can be consulted to assist with the diagnosis of
medicinal/drug overdoses, for advice about the pitfalls inherent in stabiliz¬
ing children who have been exposed to toxic compounds, and for treat¬
ment recommendations based on the latest research.
Updates in
Pediatrie
Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies
1221
Christian C. Wright and Forrest T. Closson
Although most ingested foreign bodies tn children pass spontaneously,
certain foreign bodies can be harmful and they require special attention
and emergent medical intervention to prevent significant morbidity and
mortality. This article presents an overview of the epidemiology, diagnosis,
management, and complications of foreign body
ingestions
in children.
Particular attention is paid to coins, sharp objects, long objects, food
bolus, caustic liquids, batteries, and magnets.
Injury Prevention: Opportunities in the Emergency Department
1241
Marlene
D.
Melzer-Lange, Mark
R.
Zonfnllo,
and Michael A. Gittelman
Because injury Is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young
patients, emergency departments have a significant opportunity to pro¬
vide injury-prevention interventions at a teachable moment. The emer¬
gency department has the ability to survey injuries in the community,
use the hospital setting to screen patients, provide products, offer
resources to assist families within this setting to change their risky behav¬
iors, and connect families to community resources. With a thoughtful,
collaborative approach, emergency departments are an excellent setting
within which to promote injury prevention among patients and families.
Index
1255
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| spelling | Pediatric emergencies ed. Richard Lichenstein ; Getachew Teshome Philadelphia, Pa. Elsevier 2013 XVII S., S. 1019 - 1271 Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Pediatric clinics of North America 60,5 Clinics review articles Notfallmedizin (DE-588)4042676-2 gnd rswk-swf Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 s Notfallmedizin (DE-588)4042676-2 s DE-604 Lichenstein, Richard (DE-588)1044488867 edt Teshome, Getachew Sonstige (DE-588)1044488921 oth Pediatric clinics of North America 60,5 (DE-604)BV000001093 60,5 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026890232&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Pediatric emergencies Pediatric clinics of North America Notfallmedizin (DE-588)4042676-2 gnd Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4042676-2 (DE-588)4030550-8 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Pediatric emergencies |
| title_auth | Pediatric emergencies |
| title_exact_search | Pediatric emergencies |
| title_full | Pediatric emergencies ed. Richard Lichenstein ; Getachew Teshome |
| title_fullStr | Pediatric emergencies ed. Richard Lichenstein ; Getachew Teshome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pediatric emergencies ed. Richard Lichenstein ; Getachew Teshome |
| title_short | Pediatric emergencies |
| title_sort | pediatric emergencies |
| topic | Notfallmedizin (DE-588)4042676-2 gnd Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Notfallmedizin Kind Aufsatzsammlung |
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