Holdings: Fundamentals of surgical simulation

Fundamentals of surgical simulation: principles and practices

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Gallagher, Anthony G. (Author), O'Sullivan, Gerald C. (Author)
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	London Springer [2012]
Series:	Improving medical outcome - zero tolerance
Subjects:	Chirurgie Simulation
Online Access:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext
Physical Description:	xviii, 372 S. Illustrationen, Diagramme
ISBN:	9780857297624

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MARC


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adam_text	Contents 1 Agents of Change ......................................... 1 Halsted: The Beginning of the Modern Surgical Training Program ................................... 1 Surgical Training ........................................... 3 Agents of Change .......................................... 4 The Libby Zion Case, USA .................................. 5 European Working Time Directive ............................. 6 The Bristol Case, UK ....................................... 10 The Neary Case, Ireland ..................................... 12 The Bundaberg Hospital Scandal, Australia ...................... 14 The Institute of Medicine Report, USA ......................... 16 The Rhetoric and the Reality of Follow-Up to the IOM Report ....... 19 Patients as Consumers ....................................... 22 Keyhole Surgery : The Tipping Point .......................... 24 More Training ........................................... 27 Virtual Reality Simulation ................................... 29 Validation ................................................ 30 Understanding and Implementing an Alternative Training Strategy ... 31 The Paradigm Shifts ........................................ 32 Conclusions ............................................... 34 References ................................................ 35 2 Simulations for Procedural Training ......................... 39 Bench-Top Models ......................................... 41 Animal Tissue .......................................... 41 Synthetic Models ........................................ 49 Online Education/Simulations Models ....................... 51 Part-Task Virtual Reality Trainers/Emulators .................. 53 High Fidelity Simulators .................................. 56 High Fidelity/Human Patient Simulators ...................... 57 High Fidelity Full Physics Virtual Reality Simulators ............ 59 High Fidelity Live Tissue Models as Simulators ................ 60 Cadaver Tissue Models as Simulators ........................ 60 Xlii xiv Contents High Fidelity Live (Damaged) Human Tissue Models as Simulators ..................................... 63 Summary ................................................. 64 References ................................................ 64 3 Human Factors in Acquiring Medical Skill; Perception and Cognition ................................... 67 Psychological and Human-Factor Aspects of Surgery .............. 67 Perceptual, Spatial and Psychomotor Aspects of Image Guided Surgery ............................................ 69 Sensation, Perception and Memory; The Carbon-Based Information Processor (Perception) ...................................... 73 Touch Perception ........................................... 76 Spatial Difficulties ......................................... 77 Sensation, Perception and Memory; The Carbon-Based Information Processor (Cognition) ....................................... 78 The Brain ................................................ 81 Biological Basis of Memory .................................. 82 Brain Capacity and Workload for Performing Surgery .............. 83 Brain Workload and Performance .............................. 84 Summary ................................................. 85 References ................................................ 86 4 Human Factors in Acquiring Medical Skills; Learning and Skill Acquisition in Surgery ............................. 89 Psychomotor Skill .......................................... 92 Kinesthetics ............................................... 93 Vestibular System .......................................... 94 Psychomotor Performance and Minimally Invasive Surgery ......... 95 Theories of Psychomotor Learning ............................. 98 Observational Learning ...................................... 104 Acquiring Technical Skills: Efficient Learning and Performance Strategies ...................................... 106 Phases of Learning Skill ................................... 106 Observational Learning ................................... 109 Feedback: Knowledge of Results ............................ ПО Feedback: Metrics (Augmented Knowledge of Results) .......... Ill Training Schedule ....................................... 112 Random vs Blocked Training ............................... 113 Task Configuration and Training Strategies .................... 114 Simulation Fidelity ....................................... 115 Transfer of Training and Skills Generalization ................. 116 Whole vs Part Training ................................... 117 Summary ................................................. 118 References ................................................ 118 Contents xv 5 Metrics for the Measurement of Skill ......................... 123 Objective Assessment in Surgery .............................. 123 Early Metrics in Surgery ..................................... 125 The Illusion of Metrics ...................................... 126 The Evolution of Metric-Based Assessment in Surgery ............. 127 Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) ..... 127 Imperial College Surgical Assessment Device (ICSAD) .......... 128 Advanced Dundee Endoscopie Psychomotor Tester (ADEPT) ..... 130 Virtual Reality Simulation ................................. 130 How to Develop Metrics from First Principles .................... 133 Metric Identification; Task Analysis ......................... 133 Metric Definition ........................................ 137 Metric Assessment ....................................... 139 Metrics Assessment Strategies .............................. 140 Assessment Reliability .................................... 145 Summary ................................................. 151 References ................................................ 151 6 Metric-Based Simulation Training ............................ 155 Development of Metrics ..................................... 156 LC Metrics: Identification ................................. 156 LC Metrics: Operational Definition Development Issues ............ 159 Defining Operating Efficiency .............................. 159 Attending/Consultant Surgeon Takeover ...................... 162 A Modified Interval Scoring System for Advanced Laparoscopie Surgery ..................................... 167 In Vivo Metric-Based Assessment ............................. 173 Metric Development; Lessons Learned ......................... 175 The Imperative of Metrics .................................... 176 Metric Information ......................................... 177 Summary ................................................. 178 Appendix: Emory VR to OR Lap. Chole. Procedure-Related Definitions for Master Study .................................. 179 Exposure ............................................... 179 Clipping/Tissue Division .................................. 180 Tissue Division Errors .................................... 181 Dissection .............................................. 182 References ................................................ 182 7 Validation of Metrics Coupled to Simulation Training ........... 185 Interpretation of Reliability Coefficients ........................ 198 How Reliable Is the Reliability Assessment? ..................... 201 Inter-Rater Reliability Assessment; Group or Individual Level of Reliability? ........................................ 205 Summary ................................................. 208 References ................................................ 209 xvi Contents 8 Metric-Based Training to Proficiency: What Is It and How Is It Done? ................................................ 213 Competence: Definition and Assessment ........................ 213 Competency: Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education ......................................... 215 Competency: United Kingdom, Canada, Australasia, Ireland ........ 218 ISCP Assessments Contributing to Competency Assessment ........ 220 Mini-PAT .............................................. 220 Mini-CEX .............................................. 221 DOPS ................................................. 221 CBD .................................................. 221 Procedure-Based Assessments .............................. 222 ARCP ................................................. 223 IRCP Assessments Assessed .................................. 223 Competency: Millar s Triangle Model (1990).................... 225 Competency as Part of a Skill Acquisition Process ................ 226 Proficiency: Beyond Competency .............................. 230 Proficiency Measured ....................................... 231 Proficiency Benchmarked .................................... 233 Why Proficiency-Based Progression? ........................... 235 The Meaning of Proficiency-Based Progression ................... 236 Summary ................................................. 238 References ................................................ 239 9 Didactic Education and Training for Improved Intraoperative Performance: е -Learning Comes of Age ....................... 241 E-learning ................................................ 241 Е -learning Benefits ......................................... 242 The Traditional Lecture ..................................... 242 Traditional е -Learning Packages ............................... 243 E-Iearning Optimized ....................................... 244 Transfer of Training ........................................ 244 Elements of Transfer of Training from е -Learning................. 246 Verified Pre-learning ..................................... 246 Pre-learning: Declarative Memory ........................... 247 Pre-learning: Procedural Memory ........................... 249 Memorizing Strategies .................................... 251 Organization ............................................ 251 Understanding .......................................... 252 Graphic Organizers ...................................... 252 Visualization ............................................ 253 Repetition .............................................. 253 Formative Assessment .................................... 254 Contents xvii Memorizing: Stress and Sleep ................................ 254 Procedural Training ......................................... 257 Observational Learning ...................................... 260 Live Cases: Basic ...................................... 260 Live Cases: Advanced .................................... 261 Learning Management System ................................ 261 Summary ................................................. 263 References ................................................ 263 10 Simulation Training for Improved Procedural Performance ...... 265 A Simulation Strategy: Preliminary Steps ....................... 265 Creation of a Simulation Center ............................... 266 Sharing Resources (Issues) ................................ 267 Choosing a Simulator (Issues) .............................. 268 Transfer of Training (Issues) .................................. 269 Transfer of Training: Good and Bad ......................... 272 Transfer of Training Examples .............................. 274 Nissen Fundoplication Simulation: Complex Skills ................ 275 Nissen Fundoplication: Lessons Learned ...................... 280 Left-Sided Laparoscopic Colectomy: Complex Procedural Skills ..... 281 Left-Sided Laparoscopic Colectomy: Lessons Learned .......... 284 Developments, Implications, and Lessons Learned ................ 290 Summary ................................................. 294 References ................................................ 294 11 Simulation In and For Medicine: Where Next? ................. 297 Deliberate Practice in the Acquisition of Skill .................... 298 Deliberate Practice Characterized .............................. 300 Deliberate Practice not Repetitive Practice ....................... 301 Deliberate Practice Configured ................................ 302 Trainee Motivation ....................................... 302 Content Sequencing ........................................ 304 Performance Feedback ...................................... 304 Metric Fidelity ............................................ 305 Metric Errors .............................................. 307 Reinforcement of Proficiency Approximations ................... 308 Rolling Proficiency Demonstration ............................. 310 Proficiency Consolidation .................................... 312 Deliberate Exposure to Events .............................. 313 Consolidated Cases and Mission Rehearsal ...................... 314 Open Surgical Simulation .................................... 316 Development of Wisdom .................................... 319 Summary ................................................. 322 References ................................................ 323 xviii Contents 12 Proficiency-Based Progression Simulation Training: A То -Do List for Medicine................................... 325 Training Efficiently......................................... 326 Proficiency-Based Progression................................ 327 Metric Validation.......................................... 329 Proficiency Refined ......................................... 331 Proficient Experts? ......................................... 332 Regional, National, and International Levels of Proficiency ......... 335 What is the Relationship Between Proficiency and Competency? ..... 337 Optimized Training Availability ............................... 341 Open Surgical Simulation .................................... 342 Open Surgical Simulation: What Would It Take? .................. 343 Who Is Going to Pay? ....................................... 345 Summary ................................................. 350 References ................................................ 351 Author Index .............................................. 355 Subject Index ............................................. 363 Improving Medical Outcome - Zero Tolerance Series Editor: Petra Apeli Anthony G. Gallagher · Gerald C. O Sullivan Fundamentals of Surgical Simulation Principles and Practices h umUimcntah of Surgical Simulation explains in detail, from a behavioural science/ human factors perspective, why modern image guided medicine such as surgery, in- lerventional cardiolog} лпа interventional radiology are difficult to learn and practice. Medicine is currently at a tipping point in terms of how physicians in procedural based medicine are trained, fundamentals of Surgical Simulation helps drive this change and is a valuable resource for medical trainers and trainees alike. lor trainers, this hook gives explicit theoretical and applied information on how this new training paradigm works thus allowing them to tailor the application of simulation training to their program, no matter where in the world they work. For the trainee, it allows them to see and understand the rules of this new training paradigm thus allow¬ ing them to optimize their approach to training and reaching proficiency in as efficient a inan ner as possible. For the simulation researcher, engineer and medical profession I ltudamentah of Surgical Simulation poses some difficult questions that require urgent unambiguous and agreed answers.
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spelling	Gallagher, Anthony G. Verfasser aut Fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices Anthony G. Gallagher, Gerald C. O'Sullivan London Springer [2012] xviii, 372 S. Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Improving medical outcome - zero tolerance Chirurgie (DE-588)4009987-8 gnd rswk-swf Simulation (DE-588)4055072-2 gnd rswk-swf Chirurgie (DE-588)4009987-8 s Simulation (DE-588)4055072-2 s DE-604 O'Sullivan, Gerald C. Verfasser aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-85729-763-1 Online Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026735035&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026735035&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext
spellingShingle	Gallagher, Anthony G. O'Sullivan, Gerald C. Fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices Chirurgie (DE-588)4009987-8 gnd Simulation (DE-588)4055072-2 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4009987-8 (DE-588)4055072-2
title	Fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices
title_auth	Fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices
title_exact_search	Fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices
title_full	Fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices Anthony G. Gallagher, Gerald C. O'Sullivan
title_fullStr	Fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices Anthony G. Gallagher, Gerald C. O'Sullivan
title_full_unstemmed	Fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices Anthony G. Gallagher, Gerald C. O'Sullivan
title_short	Fundamentals of surgical simulation
title_sort	fundamentals of surgical simulation principles and practices
title_sub	principles and practices
topic	Chirurgie (DE-588)4009987-8 gnd Simulation (DE-588)4055072-2 gnd
topic_facet	Chirurgie Simulation
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026735035&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026735035&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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