Law, religious offence and human rights: defamation of religions and the rationales od speech regulation
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| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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2013
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXV, 728 S. graph. Darst. |
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Titel: Law, religious offence and human rights
Autor: Langer, Lorenz
Jahr: 2013
Acknowledgements.iii
Abbreviations.xiii
Introduction.1
I. 'No Explanation Will Suffice - It Is an Insult'.1
II. How Does - or Should - the Law Respond to Offence?.8
A. Offence and the Law.10
B. Legal Relevance of Insult to Religions?.12
C. Overview.15
III. Some Thoughts on Methodology.19
IV. Bacon's Idols: A Note on Observational Standpoints.27
V. Sources.31
VI. Terminology.33
PARTI.41
Chapter One - The Danish Cartoons Revisited.43
I. A Brief Account of Events.47
II. Reactions to the Controversy.60
Chapter Two - Legal Responses to Religious Insult.65
I. Before and After the Cartoons: The Ubiquity of Religious Offence.65
II. The Satanic Verses.70
III. Proceedings after the Cartoons.79
A. In National Courts.79
1. Denmark.79
2. France.89
3. Canada.93
4. Other Jurisdictions.97
5. Muslim Countries.98
B. International Fora.100
1. European Court of Human Rights.100
2. ICCPR.102
3.CERD.106
Chapter Three - The Current Legal Framework.109
I. International Instruments.110
A. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights.110
1. Freedom of Expression (Art. 19).110
2. Freedom of Religion (Art. 18).112
3. Non-Discrimination and Equality (Arts. 2 7).116
B. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.116
1. Freedom of Expression and Hate Speech (Arts. 19 20).117
i) Potential Protection for the Offender: Art. 19 ICCPR.123
ii) The Perspective of the Offended: Art. 20.134
2. Freedom of Religion (Art. 18 ICCPR).139
C. The 1981 Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance
and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief.146
D. ICERD.155
E. Conclusion.163
II. Regional Instruments.164
A. Overview.164
B. European Convention on Human Rights.165
1. Causing (Religious) Offence: Arts. 10 17 ECHR.166
2. Combatting Religious Offence: Arts. 9 14 ECHR.176
Chapter Four - Invention of New Alternatives? The Concept of Defamation of
Religions Before and After the Cartoons.185
I. Prologue: Defamation of Religions Before the Cartoons.189
II. Enter Defamation: The First Resolution at the Commission.194
III. The Cartoons and Their Aftermath: The Apogee of Religious Defamation .203
TV. Exit Defamation?.218
Chapter Five - Defining Defamation.229
I. Defamation as a Legal Concept.229
II. Conceptual Analysis: Elements of Religious Defamation.245
A. Insult to Religion.245
B. Freedom of Religion.249
C. The Relationship with Freedom of Expression.250
D. Incitement to Religious Hatred.253
E. Discrimination, Racism Islamophobia.255
F. The Adoption of New Norms.263
III. Institutional Responses.267
IV. Conceptual Criticism.284
V. Prospects.294
PART II.301
Chapter Six - First Principles: Norms, Normative Systems, and Norm-rationales . 303
I. What is Law?.305
A. Positivist Definitions and Natural Law Approaches.305
B. Law as Authoritative Implementation of Norm-rationales.309
C. The Relation between Norms and Morals.312
II. Analysis Categorisations of Norm-rationales.315
III. Establishing and Interpreting the Rationale.323
IV. Norm-rationales and Speech.326
Chapter Seven - Norm-rationales for the Regulation of Speech.329
I. Speech and the Law.329
II. Justifications for Free Speech.331
A. Intrinsic Justifications for Free Speech.333
B. Instrumental Justifications for Free Speech.335
1. The Discovery of Truth and the Marketplace of Ideas.335
2. Free Speech and the Organisation of Public Life.339
III. Rationales for Speech Restriction.347
A. Preventing 'Harm' to Individuals: Reputation, Honour, and Offence.352
B. Speech and Societal Harm.357
IV. Human Rights - the Official Rationale?.368
Chapter Eight - The Religious Rationale.379
I. The Resilience of Religion.379
II. Religion, Offence, and the Law.385
III. The Inside Perspective: Religious Norms on Offence.392
A. Categorisations.392
B. Judaism and Christianity.395
1. Sacrilege and Profanity.395
2. Blasphemy Heresy.399
3. Apostasy.416
C. Islam.421
1. 'Apostasy': Irtadda, Ridda, and the Murtadd.421
2. 'Disbelief: AuiS-and Takfir.426
3. 'Heresy': Bid'a, Ghulu, Zandaqa and Ihad.428
4. 'Blasphemy'': sabb Allah and sabb al-Rasul.431
Chapter Nine - Legal Enforcement of Religious Speech Norms.439
I. Islam.445
A. The Theory: An Immediately Applicable Islamic Legal System.446
B. The Practice: Immediate Application, Religious Codification,
Colonial Remnants and Western-style Law Codes.450
1. Saudi Arabia.456
2. Iran.457
3. Sudan.462
4. Pakistan.466
5. Egypt.479
6. Algeria.490
7. Nigeria.493
8. Malaysia.496
9. Indonesia.506
10. Turkey.516
C. Conclusion.523
II. Judaism.528
A. Jewish Law in Israel.529
B. Religious Offence in Israeli Law.541
III. Christianity.547
A. The Prosecution of Religious Offence in the Past.549
1. Late Antiquity: Religious Offence as crimen publicum.550
2. From the Middle Ages to Modern Times.552
i) Holy Roman Empire.554
ii) England.557
iii) United States.579
B. Blasphemy as an Atavistic Offence from Distant, Dark Times?.583
1. Incitement to Religious Hatred or Religious Discrimination.585
2. Attack on Religion with Potential to Breach the Peace.586
3. Protection of Religious Feelings.590
4. Persistence of Blasphemy Laws.598
C. The Significance of Blasphemy Norms in the West.612
Chapter Ten - Religion, Its Defamation, and International Law.617
I. The Persisting Relevance of Religious Law.617
II. Human Rights and International Law: The Issue of Interpretation
and the Balancing Fallacy.635
III. Conclusion.643
ANNEX.647
I. Tables.649
A. Voting Record - Commission on Human Rights
Human Rights Council.649
B. Voting Record - General Assembly.650
II. Legislation.651
A. International.651
B. Regional.652
1. Council of Europe.652
2. European Union.652
3. Organisation of American States.653
4. Organisation of Islamic Co-operation.653
5. Arab League.653
6. African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights.653
C. National.653
III. Cases.664
A. United Nations.664
B. European Court of Human Rights.665
C. Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Inter-American
Commission on Human Rights.668
D. African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights.668
E. National Courts.668
1. United Kingdom.668
2. United States.669
3. Other Jurisdictions.671
IV. Bibliography.675
Curriculum vitae.728 |
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| title | Law, religious offence and human rights defamation of religions and the rationales od speech regulation |
| title_auth | Law, religious offence and human rights defamation of religions and the rationales od speech regulation |
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| title_full | Law, religious offence and human rights defamation of religions and the rationales od speech regulation vorgelegt von Lorenz Langer |
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| title_full_unstemmed | Law, religious offence and human rights defamation of religions and the rationales od speech regulation vorgelegt von Lorenz Langer |
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| title_sort | law religious offence and human rights defamation of religions and the rationales od speech regulation |
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