Arid and semi-arid geomorphology:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2013
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 325 - 447 |
| Beschreibung: | XI, 454 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9781107005549 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Arid and semi-arid geomorphology
Autor: Goudie, Andrew
Jahr: 2013
Contents
Preface page ix
Acknowledgements xi
1 Introduction 1
1.1 The History of Ideas 1
1.2 Climatic Conditions: Aridity 9
1.3 Causes of Aridity 10
1.4 Desert Rainfall 10
1.5 Desert Temperatures 14
1.6 The Antiquity of Deserts 15
1.7 Increasing Aridity 17
1.8 Quaternary Fluctuations 17
1.9 Lakes of the Quaternary 22
1.10 The Geography and Frequency of Change 28
1.11 Some Holocene Events 30
1.12 Short-Term Climate Fluctuations: ENSO and Other Phenomena 31
1.13 Vegetation Cover and Animal Activity 33
1.14 The Importance of Plate Tectonic Setting 34
1.15 Two Main Types of Desert Topography 35
1.16 The Human Dimension 39
2 Rock Weathering and Desert Surfaces 42
2.1 Rock Weathering Processes 42
2.2 Insolation, Thermal Fatigue and Dirt Cracking 42
2.3 Fire 49
2.4 Frost Weathering 49
2.5 Wetting and Drying Weathering 50
2.6 Salt Weathering 53
2.7 Chemical Weathering 62
2.8 Weathering by Biological Agencies 63
vi Contents
2.9 Solution Processes and Limestone: Karst 64
2.10 Dayas 66
2.11 Weathering Forms 68
2.12 Weathering Pits 69
2.13 Tafoni 71
2.14 Alveoles 75
2.15 Amphitheatres and Alcoves 76
2.16 Natural Arches 77
2.17 Polygonal Cracking (Tessellation or Alligator Cracking) 78
2.18 Rock (Desert) Varnish and Other Rock Coatings 79
2.19 Duricrusts 82
2.20 Nitrates 83
2.21 Gypsum Enrichment 86
2.22 Calcretes 90
2.23 Silcretes 94
2.24 Ferricretes 95
2.25 Desert Tufas and Stromatolites 95
2.26 Spring Mounds 98
2.27 Surface Types 99
2.28 Stone (Desert) Pavements 99
2.29 Takyrs 103
2.30 Biological Crusts 104
2.31 Inorganic (Rain-Beat) Crusts 105
2.32 Patterns 105
3 Aeolian Geomorphology 114
3.1 Introduction 114
3.2 The Spatial Variability of Wind Power 114
3.3 Past Wind Velocities 116
3.4 Dust Storms 117
3.5 Desert Loess 131
3.6 Pans 139
3.7 Yardangs 146
3.8 Inverted Relief 150
3.9 Rates of Deflation and Abrasion 152
3.10 Ventifacts 153
3.11 Coastal Sabkhas 153
3.12 Soil Erosion by Wind 156
4 Dunes 160
4.1 Introduction 160
4.2 Ergs (Sand Seas) 163
4.3 Anticyclonic Swirls, Whirls and Whorls 165
4.4 Ripples 165
Contents vii
4.5 Dune Types 166
4.6 Major Controls on the Nature of Dune Type 166
4.7 Obstacle Dunes 170
4.8 Nebkhas 173
4.9 Lunettes 174
4.10 Reversing Dunes 176
4.11 Barchans 176
4.12 Transverse Ridges, Zibars and Dome Dunes 182
4.13 Parabolic Dunes 183
4.14 Linear Dunes 186
4.15 Star Dunes 190
4.16 Spatial Superimposition 192
4.17 Sand Sheets and Wind Streaks 193
4.18 Sources of Sand 193
4.19 Aeolianite and Miliolite 195
4.20 Dune Colour 197
4.21 Grain Shape and Size 198
4.22 Internal Structures of Dunes 201
Rivers and Slopes 204
5.1 Fluvial Processes and Forms: Introduction 204
5.2 Drainage Systems 205
5.3 Pediments 207
5.4 Alluvial Fans 213
5.5 Drainage Density 217
5.6 Badlands and Gully Erosion 219
5.7 Arroyos 222
5.8 Arid Zone Floodplains 224
5.9 Floodouts 227
5.10 Groundwater Sapping Forms 228
5.11 Long Profiles 229
5.12 Processes: Runoff Generation 230
5.13 Hydrophobicity 232
5.14 Sediment Yield and Rates of Denudation 232
5.15 Runoff and Erosion in the Negev and Judean Deserts 235
5.16 Sheetfloods 237
5.17 Debris Flows 238
5.18 Palaeofloods 238
5.19 Some Slope Forms: Hillslopes in Massive Rocks 239
5.20 Scarp and Cuesta Forms 241
5.21 Long-Term Rates of Overall Denudation from
Cosmogenic Nuclides 244
viii Contents
6 Applied Geomorphology in Deserts: Hazards, Resources and the Future 246
6.1 Introduction 246
6.2 Hazards: Dust Storms 248
6.3 Dust Control 252
6.4 Dune Migration and Encroachment 255
6.5 The Salt Weathering Hazard 261
6.6 Slope Instability 269
6.7 Fluvial Hazards 271
6.8 Subsidence 277
6.9 Hydrocompaction and Collapsible Soils 279
6.10 Lake Shrinkage and Expansion 280
6.11 Piping 282
6.12 Dam Problems 284
6.13 Future Climates 286
6.14 Geomorphology and Archaeology 292
6.15 Desert Landforms and World Heritage 294
6.16 Desert Landforms and Military Activity 298
6.17 The Search for Planetary Analogues 299
7 Regional Variety 303
7.1 Introduction 303
7.2 Sahara 303
7.3 The Libyan Desert 305
7.4 Eastern Africa 307
7.5 The Namib 308
7.6 The Kalahari and the Karoo 311
7.7 Arabia and the Middle East 313
7.8 The Thar 314
7.9 Central Asia 315
7.10 Taklamakan, Tarim and the Other Chinese Deserts 316
7.11 Helmand and the Seistan Basin 319
7.12 North American Deserts 319
7.13 Atacama, Altiplano, Monte, Patagonia and Caatinga 321
7.14 Australia 323
References 325
Index 449
fl ased
on four decades of research by Professor Andrew S. Goudie, this volume
■.у.-:·:·-* ·*·.·-
..,.,.· · ..···,■:·;
>■■·.
-M-f
I»!provides
a
state-of-the-art synthesis of our understanding of desert geomorpholo-
gy. It presents a truly international perspective, with examples from all over the world.
Extensively referenced and illustrated, it covers such topics as the importance of past
climatic changes, the variability of different desert environments, rock breakdown, wind
erosion and dust storm generation, sand dunes, fluvial and slope forms and processes, the
role of the applied geomorphologist in desert development and conservation and the Earth
as an analogue for other planetary bodies.
This book is destined to become the classic volume on arid and semi-arid geomorphol-
ogy for advanced students and researchers in physical geography, geomorphology, Earth
science, sedimentology, environmental science and archaeology.
|
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| discipline | Geologie / Paläontologie Geographie |
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| spelling | Goudie, Andrew 1945- Verfasser (DE-588)132820242 aut Arid and semi-arid geomorphology Andrew S. Goudie 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2013 XI, 454 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverz. S. 325 - 447 Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 gnd rswk-swf Semiarides Gebiet (DE-588)4137761-8 gnd rswk-swf Wüste (DE-588)4067043-0 gnd rswk-swf Steppe (DE-588)4057302-3 gnd rswk-swf Trockengebiet (DE-588)4060958-3 gnd rswk-swf Geomorphology Deserts Arid regions Trockengebiet (DE-588)4060958-3 s Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 s DE-188 Semiarides Gebiet (DE-588)4137761-8 s Wüste (DE-588)4067043-0 s Steppe (DE-588)4057302-3 s HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026083097&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026083097&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Goudie, Andrew 1945- Arid and semi-arid geomorphology Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 gnd Semiarides Gebiet (DE-588)4137761-8 gnd Wüste (DE-588)4067043-0 gnd Steppe (DE-588)4057302-3 gnd Trockengebiet (DE-588)4060958-3 gnd |
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| title | Arid and semi-arid geomorphology |
| title_auth | Arid and semi-arid geomorphology |
| title_exact_search | Arid and semi-arid geomorphology |
| title_full | Arid and semi-arid geomorphology Andrew S. Goudie |
| title_fullStr | Arid and semi-arid geomorphology Andrew S. Goudie |
| title_full_unstemmed | Arid and semi-arid geomorphology Andrew S. Goudie |
| title_short | Arid and semi-arid geomorphology |
| title_sort | arid and semi arid geomorphology |
| topic | Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 gnd Semiarides Gebiet (DE-588)4137761-8 gnd Wüste (DE-588)4067043-0 gnd Steppe (DE-588)4057302-3 gnd Trockengebiet (DE-588)4060958-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geomorphologie Semiarides Gebiet Wüste Steppe Trockengebiet |
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