Understanding semantics:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Routledge
2013
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Understanding language series
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | X, 379 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780415826730 9781444122435 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804150489222217728 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Understanding semantics
Autor: Löbner, Sebastian
Jahr: 2013
Contents
Preface ix
Acknowledgements xi
1 Meaning and semantics 1
1.1 Levels of meaning 1
1.2 Sentence meaning and compositionality 7
1.3 Semantics: its scope and limits 14
Exercises 16
Further reading 17
2 Dimensions of meaning 18
2.1 Meanings are concepts 18
2.2 Descriptive meaning 21
2.3 Meaning and social interaction: the dimension of social meaning 28
2.4 Meaning and subjectivity: the dimension of expressive meaning 33
2.5 Connotations 36
2.6 Dimensions of meaning 37
Exercises 39
Further reading 40
3 Ambiguity 41
3.1 Lexemes 41
3.2 Lexical ambiguity 44
3.3 Compositional ambiguity 48
3.4 Contextual ambiguity 49
3.5 Meaning shifts and polysemy 57
Exercises 59
Further reading 60
4 Meaning and context 62
Part¡:Deixis **2
4.1 Person deixis ^
4.2 Demonstratives and place deixis 70
4.3 Time deixis ^2
Part 2: Determination ^4
4.4 Definiteness and indefiniteness 74
4.5 Quantification ^
Contents
4.6 Generic NPs w
Part 3: Presuppositions 94
4.7 Presuppositions 94
4.8 Summary 101
Exercises 102
Further reading 104
5 Predication 106
5.1 Predications contained in a sentence 106
5.2 Predicate terms and argument terms, predicates and arguments 108
5.3 Verbs HI
5.4 Nouns and adjectives 115
5.5 Predicate logic notation 120
5.6 Thematic roles 122
5.7 Selectional restrictions 125
5.8 Summary 130
Exercises 131
Further reading 133
6 Verbs 134
6.1 Argument structure, diatheses and alternations 135
6.2 Situation structure 140
6.3 Aspect 150
6.4 Tense 157
6.5 Selected tense and aspect systems 163
6.6 Concluding remark 164
Exercises 165
Further reading 166
7 Meaning and logic 167
7.1 Logical basics 167
7.2 Logical properties of sentences 172
7.3 Logical relations between sentences 175
7.4 Sentential logic 184
7.5 Logical relations between words 187
7.6 Logic and meaning 191
7.7 Classical logic and presuppositions 197
Exercises 201
Further reading 202
8 Meaning relations 203
8.1 Synonymy 203
8.2 Hyponymy 205
8.3 Oppositions 208
8.4 Lexical fields 215
Exercises
Further reading
9 Meaning components
9.1 The structuralist approach
9.2 Applying the structuralist approach to meaning
9.3 Semantic features
9.4 Semantic formulae
9.5 Semantic primes: Wierzbicka s Natural Semantic Metalanguage
9.6 Summary and evaluation of the approaches to decomposition
Exercises
Further reading
10 Meaning and language comparison
10.1 Translation problems
10.2 Headache, international
10.3 Relativism and universalism
10.4 Berlin and Kay s investigation of colour terms
10.5 Consequences
Exercises
Further reading
11 Meaning and cognition
11.1 Categories and concepts
11.2 Prototype theory
11.3 The hierarchical organization of categories
11.4 Challenges to prototype theory
11.5 Semantics and prototype theory
11.6 Semantic knowledge
11.7 Summary
Exercises
Further reading
12 Frames
12.1 Barsalou frames
12.2 Verbs and frames
12.3 Nouns and frames
12.4 Frames and composition
12.5 Frames and cognition
12.6 Conclusion
Exercises
Further reading
13 Formal semantics
13.1 Japanese numerals: a simple example of a compositional analysis
yjjj Contents
13.2 A small fragment of English 330
13.3 Model-theoretic semantics 342
13.4 Possible-world semantics 352
13.5 The scope and ]imits of possible-world semantics 358
Exercises 362
Further reading 363
References 364
Index 369
J
Understanding Semantics, Second Edition, provides an engaging and accessible introduction
to linguistic semantics. The first part takes the reader through a step-by-step guide to the
main phenomena and notions of semantics, covering levels and dimensions of meaning,
ambiguity, meaning and context, logical relations and meaning relations, the basics of noun
semantics, verb semantics and sentence semantics. The second part provides a critical
introduction to the basic notions of the three major theoretical approaches to meaning:
structuralism, cognitive semantics and formal semantics.
Key features include:
•
A consistent
mentalist
perspective on meaning
•
Broad coverage of lexical and sentence semantics, including three new chapters
discussing deixis, NP semantics, presuppositions, verb semantics and frames
•
Examples from a wider range of languages that include German, Japanese, Spanish and
Russian
•
Practical exercises on linguistic data
•
Companion website including all figures and tables from the book, an online dictionary,
answers to the exercises and useful links at routledge.com/cw/loebner.
This book is an essential resource for all undergraduate students studying linguistics.
)
|
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