Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981):
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | Polish |
| Published: |
Warszawa
Wydział Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego [etc.]
2013
|
| Series: | Polska Mniej Znana 1944-1989
6 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Abstract Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache. - Błędnie podany nr tomu. - Tekst również na wyklejkach Richtig: Band 7 der Reihe "Polska Mniej Znana 1944-1989" Spis dokumentów s. 631-636. Indeks |
| Physical Description: | 687, [4] s., [8] s. tabl. Ill. 25 cm |
| ISBN: | 8388766805 9788375453942 |
Staff View
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| adam_text | ABSTRACT
The scope
of the Poland Less Known
(1944-1989)
series is to present in consecutive
volumes the situation in Poland from different perspectives: political, economic, military
and foreign. Its aim is to publish important documents and materials referring to the peri¬
od defined by the adopted landmark, still unknown or under-prioritised by historians and
political scientists. On the one hand, it is a question of presenting facts and information
regarding specific events; on the other hand
-
giving historians new possibilities to
become acquainted with sources until recently neglected and pointing out new directions
for further research.
It is the intention of the authors of another, already seventh volume, to return to the
issues related to the situation in Poland during the mass social rebellion of the first
Solidarity movement between
1980
and
1981,
the time that triggered great changes in
Central and Eastern Europe. The goal is to present documents, proceedings and findings
of the so-called
Tadeusz
Grabski
Commission that operated in
1981.
In
1981,
the situation in the Polish United Workers Party
(PZPR),
the party domi¬
nating the Polish political scene, was becoming tense. An aggressive, often even brutal
campaign saw competing factions caught up in a struggle. As a result, the
PZPR
leader¬
ship had been going through major staff reshuffling for months, posing questions about
the responsibility for the crisis of the
70s,
when the First Secretary Edward
Gierek
and
people linked to him had been in charge of the Party. In April
1981,
facing an upcoming
party conference,
Stanisław Kania,
the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the
Polish United Workers Party
(КС
PZPR)
touched upon the question of responsibility and
settling accounts for the past decade during discussions at the Political Bureau session.
The problem was named and open to discussion. Consequently, a Commission was
appointed to assess the past course and accelerate the work on the question of personal
responsibility of the
PZPR
members in managerial positions and submit appropriate con¬
clusions on this matter to the Central Committee . The Commission was headed by a
member of the Political Bureau and the Central Commission Secretary,
Tadeusz Grabki.
He professed to be an opponent of Solidarity and at the same time of
Kania s
political
direction. The plenum decided that the Commission would examine the period between
December
1970
and September
1980
and complete its work by June
1981.
The fact that
it was supposed to bring up personal responsibility of top Party leadership members
stirred a lot of emotions.
The presented volume contains the full protocol of proceedings of the Commission
mentioned above. Prominent members of the Polish political scene were amongst those
questioned, including Edward
Gierek, Piotr Jaroszewicz,
Edward Babiuch,
Franciszek
Szlachcic, Zdzisław Grudzień, Jerzy Łukaszewicz, Stanisław Kowalczyk, Tadeusz Pyka,
Mieczysław Jagielski, Józef Pińkowski, Jan Szydlak and Tadeusz Wrzaszczyk.
Another
important part of the publication is the annex containing Statements that were handed
in writing to the Commission s Chairman, at his request, by nearly thirty members of the
Party s former leadership.
685
Essentially, they took a stand on three questions: the reasons for the crisis and result¬
ing responsibility, the responsibility of the Party s former leadership and their own posi¬
tion, the range of conducted proceedings and the resulting responsibility. The publication
is completed by the position of legal experts appointed by the Commission (referred to
on numerous occasions) and the
КС
PZPR
resolution on acknowledgment of the
Commission s report.
The Commission had fifteen members. Apart from the above mentioned Chairman,
there were two Vice-Chairmen:
Tadeusz Fiszbach
and
Zygmunt Wroński,
and members:
Adam
Bałdys, Józef Baryła, Ignacy Drabik, Zofia Grzyb, Tadeusz Kościowski, Stanisław
Królik, Stanisław Opałko, Edward Pustelnik, Jerzy Putrament, Eugeniusz Stawiński,
Henryk Szafrański and Andrzej Wasilewski.
Nobody became part of the Committee by
accident. They were experienced politicians from different Party levels, top members of
the
PZPR
leadership, active also beyond its structures. The majority of Committee mem¬
bers had been politically active before
1980.
Except Committee members, representatives
of the
PZPR
Central Party Control Committee, the Public Prosecutor s Office and the
Supreme Audit Office also participated in the proceedings.
It seems obvious that we should look at the course and the effects of the
Commission s proceedings from the perspective of the political struggle that was taking
place in the country and the processes occurring inside the party as such, since the final
document was developed mostly for its needs. Grabski, who conducted the proceedings,
never forgot that those facing this specific people s tribunal were his friends. For this
reason, restrictions applied to, inter alia, press releases during the proceedings, when
many important details remained undisclosed to the public and journalists were not
allowed to participate in the sittings. In the course of the Commission s proceedings,
issues of fundamental political and economic importance were touched upon, often in an
extremely emotional way, including: deepening crisis, the state of the Party leadership s
and government s knowledge about the economy, farming issues, licence purchasing,
economic voluntarism or increasing national
dept,
year
1976,
the question of the
PZPR
s
internal situation, lack of democracy inside the Party and staged party conferences, rela¬
tions between the government and the Political Bureau of the
КС
PZPR,
the functioning
of propaganda and the mass-media, and also completely different issues: the question of
embezzlement by the former
PZPR
leadership members. The emergence of Solidarity
in
1980
and the its political consequences were a separate recurrent issue. During the
hearings that followed, the Commission established that, amongst other things, there
were no regulations regarding the Political Bureau powers and that the rules of collective
activity were not respected; the presidium of the government did not find it necessary to
specify the powers held by the Prime Minister and, more broadly speaking, the Council
of Ministers, while the Seym (Lower House) of the People s Republic of Poland had
never achieved the position written in the text of the Constitution
-
it was supposed to be
and remained an advisory and an approval body.
The Commission s report was accepted on the 29th of June
1981.
On the 7th of July
it was discussed by the Central Committee s Political Bureau. It followed the
Commission Chairman s proposals to present the document at a Central Committee s ple¬
nary session and pass a resolution regarding this matter, publish the report afterwards, to
pass detailed materials (stenographic records) to the Central Archive of the Central
Committee and to hand the report, along with its legal evaluation, to each Conference del-
686
egate. After the discussion, the proposals presented were accepted. On the 10th of July,
Tadeusz
Grabski
presented them at the 12th Plenary Session. The Commission proposed
to the Central Committee to address political activity with political responsibility and, in
the case of common crimes, criminal responsibility, no matter what position the person
in question would occupy. In case of state officials taking especially harmful decisions
after guilt is proven, follow the criminal law . A number of detailed stipulations were
put forward, referring to particular people, including: E.
Gierek,
P. Jaroszewicz,
E. Babiuch, J. Lukaszewicz,
Т. Рука,
J.
Szydlak and
Z. Żandarowski.
The Grabski Commission s final proceedings took place on the second day of the
PZPR
conference (the 15th of July
1981).
The Commission s report was presented to the
forum, evaluated, brought up for discussion and its text was published by the press. As a
consequence, Edward
Gierek
and his five closest colleagues were expelled from the
PZPR.
The conference also had important political implications for the Commission s
Chairman.
Tadeusz
Grabski was not elected to the new party leadership and it was the
end of his political role in the Party.
Documents collected in the presented volume allow us, to a great degree, to have a
closer look at the situation in Poland in the
1970s.
They reveal important details and
events, present the judgements of the initiators and executors of party policy, and often
national policy in that decade. We see the situation in the country mostly through the
prism of issues at the top level of government. The political situation surrounding the
hearings and the personal situation of most of the examined leads us to the conclusion
that the opinions presented either at the Commission s forum, or as part of the
Statements corresponded to reality, or simply speaking, that the questioned were not
lying. Some of them, like P. Jaroszewicz, took the responsibility or co-responsibility for
shaping and implementing socio-economic policy of the decade, including distortions
and irregularities leading to the crisis. On the other hand, the collectiveness of decisions
taken was stressed on numerous occasions. It is worth taking note of the interesting social
contexts that we can spot in the margins of many hearings and submitted Statements .
We get an insight both into the people ruling in the
1970s,
the questioning and the ques¬
tioned
-
as a peculiar set of attitudes and characters
-
and into the governing methods as
well as decisions taken. We become acquainted with a particular language, the culture
around that environment, often discrediting intellectual authenticism of some state¬
ments. This volume may be used not only in the research on the structure, tasks and expe¬
riences of the state apparatus, but also for more specialist research (e.g. on political cul¬
ture, customs or language).
This edition has been based on the materials from the collection of documents stored
in the Central Archives of Modern Records in Warsaw.
The Commission held eight sittings and this pattern has been mirrored in the publica¬
tion. The work consists of an introduction, published documents and expanded indexes
that help us familiarise with dozens of names and professional titles. Following the prin¬
ciple of the previous volumes, the texts have been published in their original version.
They have been published in their entirety, maintaining the original style, without any
major interference, unless necessary for the understanding of the discourse. Similarly, lin¬
guistic corrections have been introduced only in case when the message lacked clarity.
The spelling (orthography and punctuation) has been modernised according to current
rules. Words difficult to decipher have been put in square brackets. Each hearing, in the
687
Statements
annex, starts with a new page and has been given a headline, a specifica¬
tion and notes. The headlines include the hearing/ Statement date and information who
the document refers to. The specifications describe the character of the documents (the
original), their physical form (manuscript, typescript) and their file page numbers. Dates
found in the documents have been resolved uniformly. Mistakes in geographical names
have been corrected. The number of references has been limited to a bare minimum.
The documents published in the above presented volume of the Poland Less Known
1944-1989
series are of fundamental importance for the contemporary history of Poland,
as it is the first time since the Plenary Session of October
1956
that a party document of
such political significance is revealed. It does not speak of crimes and tortures, its main
and almost exclusive protagonist is the economy. The society constitutes the background
for economic activity and is treated by the
PZPR
luminaries as an instrument supposed
to ensure its correct operation. Productivity is the only value the communists accept and
still they are unable to carry it out properly. From the discussions conducted, a factual
image of real socialism emerges.
Wydział Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych
Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Archiwum Akt Nowych w Warszawie
Komisja
Tadeusza Grabskiego
(1981)
Opracowanie, wybór
i przygotowanie do druku
Marek Jabłonowski
Włodzimierz Janowski
Hnfą
Warszawa 2013
SPIS TREŚCI
Wstęp 5
Dokumenty 33
Spis dokumentów 631
Wykaz skrótów i skrótowców występujących w dokumentach i indeksie 637
Indeks osobowy 643
Abstract 685
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:39:10Z |
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| series | Polska Mniej Znana 1944-1989 |
| series2 | Polska Mniej Znana 1944-1989 |
| spelling | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) oprac., wybór i przygot. do dr. Marek Jabłonowski, Włodzimierz Janowski ; Wydział Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Archiwum Akt Nowych w Warszawie Warszawa Wydział Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego [etc.] 2013 687, [4] s., [8] s. tabl. Ill. 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Polska Mniej Znana 1944-1989 6 Zsfassung in engl. Sprache. - Błędnie podany nr tomu. - Tekst również na wyklejkach Richtig: Band 7 der Reihe "Polska Mniej Znana 1944-1989" Spis dokumentów s. 631-636. Indeks Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza / historia / źródła jhpk Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza (DE-588)1009009-5 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1981 gnd rswk-swf Polska / polityka i rządy / 1980-1989 / źródła jhpk (DE-588)4135952-5 Quelle gnd-content Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza (DE-588)1009009-5 b Geschichte 1981 z DE-604 Jabłonowski, Marek 1954- Sonstige (DE-588)103224963 oth Polska Mniej Znana 1944-1989 6 (DE-604)BV022262650 6 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026058292&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026058292&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) Polska Mniej Znana 1944-1989 Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza / historia / źródła jhpk Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza (DE-588)1009009-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)1009009-5 (DE-588)4135952-5 |
| title | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) |
| title_auth | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) |
| title_exact_search | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) |
| title_full | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) oprac., wybór i przygot. do dr. Marek Jabłonowski, Włodzimierz Janowski ; Wydział Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Archiwum Akt Nowych w Warszawie |
| title_fullStr | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) oprac., wybór i przygot. do dr. Marek Jabłonowski, Włodzimierz Janowski ; Wydział Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Archiwum Akt Nowych w Warszawie |
| title_full_unstemmed | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) oprac., wybór i przygot. do dr. Marek Jabłonowski, Włodzimierz Janowski ; Wydział Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Archiwum Akt Nowych w Warszawie |
| title_short | Komisja Tadeusza Grabskiego (1981) |
| title_sort | komisja tadeusza grabskiego 1981 |
| topic | Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza / historia / źródła jhpk Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza (DE-588)1009009-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza / historia / źródła Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza Polska / polityka i rządy / 1980-1989 / źródła Quelle |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026058292&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026058292&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV022262650 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jabłonowskimarek komisjatadeuszagrabskiego1981 |