The constitution of Singapore: a contextual analysis
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Hart Publ.
2015
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Constitutional systems of the world
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXIII, 251 S. |
| ISBN: | 9781849463966 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text |
Singapore’s Constitution was hastily cobbled together after her secession
from the Federation of Malaysia in 1965. In the subsequent 50 years,
the Constitution has been amended many times to evolve a Constitution
like no other in the world. Outwardly, Singapore has a Westminster-
type constitutional democracy, with an elected legislature, fundamental
liberties and safeguards to ensure the independence of the judiciary.
On closer inspection, the Constitution displays many innovative and
unusual characteristics. Most notable among them are the various
types of Members of Parliament that have been introduced since the
f V
mid-1980s, the office of the Elected President and the fact that there is
no constitutional right to property. This volume seeks to explain the
nature and context of these constitutional innovations in the context
of a pluralistic, multi-ethnic state obsessed with public order and
security. T he volatile racial mix of Singapore, with its majority Chinese
population nestled in a largely Malay/lslamic world, compels the state
to search for ethnic management solutions through the Constitution to
guarantee to the Malays arid other ethnic minorities their status in the
polity. In addition, it examines how the concept of the rule of law is
perceived by the strong centrist state governed by a political party
that has been in power since 1959 and continues to hold almost
hegemonic power.
Kevin YL Tan is a leading scholar of Singapore’s Constitution and
has written and edited over 30 books on the law, politics and history
of Singapore, lie is currently Adjunct Professor at both the Faculty of
Law, National University of Singapore and the S Rajaratnam School
of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University.
CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEMS OF THE WORLD
Contents)
·ƒ
Table of Cases.xiii
Table of legislation.xvii
INTRODUCTION.\
I. General. 1
II. Towards Independence and Three Imperatives.2
A. Economic Growth.3
B. Managing Ethnicity.5
C. Political Dominance.7
III. Organisation of this Book.7
1.
A BRIEF CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY.
I· Introduction.
The Straits Settlements Period (1819—1942).
A. The Founding of Modern Singapore.
B. Early Administration of the Straits Settlements ,
C. Becoming a Colony Proper.
HI· The Japanese Occupation (1942—45).
IV. The Colony of Singapore (1946—58).
V The Rendel Constitution.
VI. Constitutional Talks and Self-government (1956—58)
VII. Merger and Separation (1963—65).
A. The ‘Battle for Merger’.
B. The Rift between Singapore and the Federation
C. The 1964 Racial Riots.
VIII. Post-1965 Developments.
A. The Aftermath of Independence.
B. The Wee Cong Jin Commission.
C. Changes to the Judiciary.
D. Entrenching Singapore’s Sovereignty7.
E. Changes to the Parliamentary System.
F. The Elected President.
G. Amendment to Citizenship Laws.
IX* Conclusion.
Further Reading.
Website.
.11
,.11
.11
.11
.12
.13
.15
.16
.17
.19
.21
.21
.22
.25
.29
.29
.30
.32
.34
.35
.37
.39
.40
.41
.42
vi Contents
2. CONSTITUTIONALISM IN SINGAPORE.43
I. Introduction.
II. The Constitution as Supreme Law.44
A. The Amendment Regime.44
B. Can the Constitution be Impliedly Amended?.48
C. The Basic Features Doctrine.50
III. Separation of Powers.52
TV. Constitutionalism and the Rule of Law.53
V. Constitutional Culture.58
Further Reading. ^2
Websites. £3
3. PARLIAMENT AND REPRESENTATION.65
I* A Brief Historical Outline.65
IL Parliament and the Problem of Representation.67
A. Ethnic Representation.67
B. The Group Representation Constituency
and Town Councils.
III. The Revival of Local Government?.72
A. Town Councils as Local Government.72
B. The Community Development Councils (CDCs).75
C. GRCs as ‘Fixed Deposit’ Seats.76
IV. Qualifications of Members.79
V. Duties of Members. gQ
VI. Parliamentary Privilege. 81
A. Life of Parliament and Vacancies.82
VII. Principal Officers of Parliament.84
A. The Speaker. 34
B. The Clerk of Parliament. 84
C. The Whip.Z!!!!!!!!!ZZ!Z"!Z!.85
D. Leader of the House. 86
VIII. Parliament’s Committees. 86
A. Committee of the Whole House.!ZZ!ZZZZ!.87
B. Select Committees. 87
C. Sessional Committees. 87
TV vil ^°vfnment Parliamentary Committees (GPCs).88
The Conduct of Elections. ' 90
A. Nomination Day. 90
B. Campaigning.՛ " " 90
Contents vii
C. Polling Day.91
D. Political Donations.91
X. Concluding Thoughts.92
Further Reading. 94
Website.94
4. LAW-MAKING. 95
I. Introduction.95
II. Rule Formulation.96
III. Introduction of Bills in Parliament. 97
A. Government Bills. 97
B. Private Members’ Bills. 97
IV. The Legislative Process.100
A. The First Reading. 100
B. The Second Reading.100
C. The Committee Stage. 101
D. The Third Reading.101
V. The Presidential Council for Minority Rights and
Presidential Assent. 102
A. Role of the Elected President.102
VI. Executive Law-making. 103
A. Subsidiary Legislation.103
B. Other Forms of Executive Rule-making.105
VII. Legislative Powers in an Emergency.106
Further Reading.106
Website.106
5· THE EXECUTIVE.107
I. Introduction. 107
II. Singapore’s Prime Minister. 108
III. The Cabinet and its Ministers.109
IV. Unique Features of Singapore’s Cabinet.112
V. Ministerial Salaries.113
VI. Code of Conduct for Ministers.114
VII. Policy Formulation, Decision-making and
Collective Responsibility.116
VIII. The Attorney-General. 117
IX. The Executive: An Elected Dictatorship?.119
Further Reading.120
Websites.121
viii Contents
6* THE ELECTED PRESIDENT.123
I. Introduction.123
II. Singapore’s Presidential Executive:
A Short History.124
III. The President’s Traditional Discretionary Powers. 125
A. Appointment and Dismissal of the
Prime Minister.125
B. Proroguing and Dissolving Parliament.127
C. Discretion during an Emergency.128
D. Justiciability of the President’s Discretion.128
IV. The Elected President.130
A. The Rationale and the Initial Proposals.131
B. The Second White Paper.132
V. The Elected President Scheme in 1991.133
A. Presidential Elections.134
B. Term of Office, Powers and Immunities.135
C. Removal of the President.136
D. Entrenchment of Office.136
E. Constitutional Reference ISfo 1 of 1995.137
VI. Post-1991 Changes.138
A. President to State Reasons for
Spending Reserves. 138
B. Transfer of Surpluses.138
C. Advisory Capacity of the Supreme Court.139
D. Reduction of Veto Powers.139
VII. ‘Loans’ under Article 144(1). 140
VIII. The President Exercises his Discretion. 141
IX. Some Unique Aspects of the Presidency.143
Further Reading.145
Website. 145
7. THE JUDICIARY.147
I. Introduction. 147
II. Judicial Power: Meaning, Nature, Content
and Scope. 148
III. Constitution of Singapore’s Judiciary. 151
A. The Court of Appeal.152
B. The High Court.152
Contents ix
C. Special Constitutional Tribunal.153
D. The State Courts.153
E. The Syariah Court. 154
IV. Judicial Independence. 155
A. Appointment and Tenure of Judges.155
B. Security of Remuneration. 156
C. Shortage of Judges: Judicial Commissioners
and Supernumerary Judges. 157
D. Judicial Independence and the Power
to Punish for Contempt.161
V. Jurisdiction of the Courts. 163
A. Original and Appellate Jurisdiction.163
B. Inherent Jurisdiction.164
C. Supervisory Jurisdiction.165
D. Revision Jurisdiction. 166
VI. Establishing Jurisdiction and Locus Standi.166
VII. Judicial Control of Administrative Action. 167
A. Precedent or Jurisdictional Facts.168
B. Errors of Law.169
C. The Control of Substantive Direction.169
D. The Grounds of Judicial Review. 170
VIII. Limits on Judicial Review.174
A. Political Questions.174
B. Legislative Prohibition: Outer Clauses.175
C. Laches. 178
D. Judgments of Superior Courts. 178
E. Res Judicata. 179
IX. Public Law Remedies.179
X. Doctrine of Prospective Overruling.180
XI. Conclusion.181
Further Reading. 182
Websites. 183
8. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS.185
I. Introduction. 185
II. The Rendel Constitution. 187
III. The Reid Commission in Malaya. 188
X Contents
IV. Entrenching Rights in Post-Independence
Singapore.191
A. A Patchwork Constitution. 191
V. The Right to Property in Singapore.192
A. The Land Acquisition Problem.192
B. Constitutional Difficulties. 193
C. The Land Acquisition Act 1966.195
VI. Preventive D etention. 197
A. Background to Executive Detention
in Singapore.197
B. The Wee Chong Jin Commission.201
VII. Fundamental Liberties under Singapore’s
Constitution.202
VIII. Interpreting Fundamental Liberties.206
A. Westminster Constitutions. 206
B. The Interpretation of Rights in light
of International Legal Instruments.210
C. The Tour Walls’ Doctrine and Beyond.211
D. Balancing of Rights: Between State
and Individual.214
Further Reading.216
9. CONCLUSION. 217
I. Three Leitmotifs.217
II. Regime Dominance.218
A. Power and Governance. 218
B. Consolidating Party and State.219
C. Regime Hegemony.220
III. Economic Growth and Development.221
A. Striving for Economic Legitimacy. 221
B. The Prevailing Economic Milieu.222
C. The Power to Succeed.224
D. Constitutional and Legal Regime
of Public Enterprises.226
E. Economic Development and State Power.228
F. Disciplining Labour.229
Contents xi
IV. Management of Ethnicity and Religious Diversity.233
A. Strategies.233
B. The Wee Chong Jin Commission’s
Recommendations.234
C. Malay Interests.234
D. Group Representation Constituencies.237
V. Conclusion. 237
Index.241 |
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| indexdate | 2024-08-10T01:40:12Z |
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| isbn | 9781849463966 |
| language | English |
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| title | The constitution of Singapore a contextual analysis |
| title_auth | The constitution of Singapore a contextual analysis |
| title_exact_search | The constitution of Singapore a contextual analysis |
| title_full | The constitution of Singapore a contextual analysis Kevin YL Tan |
| title_fullStr | The constitution of Singapore a contextual analysis Kevin YL Tan |
| title_full_unstemmed | The constitution of Singapore a contextual analysis Kevin YL Tan |
| title_short | The constitution of Singapore |
| title_sort | the constitution of singapore a contextual analysis |
| title_sub | a contextual analysis |
| topic | Verfassung (DE-588)4062787-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Verfassung Singapur |
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