Scientific method in brief:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2012
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Cover Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 288 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781107666726 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804150149631442944 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Scientific method in brief
Autor: Gauch, Hugh G
Jahr: 2012
Contents
Foreword by James R. Miller page xi
Preface xiii
1 Introduction 1
The gateway into science 2
A controversial idea 5
The AAAS position on method 6
Science as a liberal art 7
Benefits and challenges 10
Personal experience 12
Seven streams 15
Historical and future outlook 17
Summary 18
Study questions 19
2 Four bold claims 21
Rationality 21
Truth 23
Objectivity 26
Realism 28
Science and common sense 29
Summary 32
Study questions 33
3 A brief history of truth 34
The most elemental question 34
Aristotle 36
Augustine 38
Medieval scholars 39
VII
viii Contents
Modem scholars 42
Water 49
Summary 51
Study questions 51
4 Science s contested rationality 53
Science s auditors 54
Elusive truth 56
Theory-laden data 57
Incommensurable paradigms 58
Empty consensus 60
Reactions from scientists 61
The AAAS posture 66
Clear targets 69
Summary 71
Study questions 72
5 Science s presuppositions 73
Historical perspective on presuppositions 74
The PEL model of full disclosure 78
Implementation of presuppositions 84
Science s worldview forum 89
Justification of knowledge claims 91
Review of functions 93
Summary 94
Study questions 95
6 Science s powers and limits 96
Rather obvious limitations 96
The sciences and worldviews 97
Empirical method in the humanities 100
Individual experience and worldviews 105
Logical roles and diagnoses 107
Review of boundaries 108
Personal rewards from science 108
Summary 110
Study questions 110
7 Deductive logic 112
Deduction and induction 113
Historical perspective on deduction 115
Propositional logic 118
Predicate logic 121
Contents ix
Arithmetic 121
Common fallacies 123
Summary 129
Study questions 130
8 Probability 131
Probability concepts 132
Four requirements 134
Probability axioms 136
Bayes s theorem 138
Probability distributions 142
Permutations and combinations 143
Probability fallacies 144
Summary 147
Study questions 148
9 Inductive logic and statistics 150
Historical perspective on induction 150
Bayesian inference 154
Frequentist inference 160
Bayesian decision 164
Induction lost and regained 168
Summary 171
Study questions 172
10 Parsimony and efficiency 174
Historical perspective on parsimony 175
Preview of basic principles 178
Curve fitting 183
Crop yields 187
Crime rates 189
Explanation of accuracy gain 191
Philosophical reflection 193
Summary 196
Study questions 197
11 Case studies 199
Philosophy 199
Electronic engineering 200
Biochemistry and pharmacology 202
Medicine 207
Sociology 209
Economics 212
Contents
Law 213
Discussion 217
Study questions 218
12 Ethics and responsibilities 220
Philosophical ethics 220
Professional ethics 224
Discussion 232
Study questions 233
13 Science education 234
Typical NOS concepts 234
Better comprehension 238
Greater adaptability 240
Greater interest 242
More realism 244
Better researchers 247
Better teachers 249
Academic NOS concepts 250
Summary 254
Study questions 256
14 Conclusions 257
Motion and rationality 257
Summary of scientific method 267
Exit questions 270
References 272
Index 285
|
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| author | Gauch, Hugh G. 1942- |
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| bvnumber | BV040808491 |
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| classification_tum | NAT 155f NAT 130f |
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| dewey-full | 501 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 501 - Philosophy and theory |
| dewey-raw | 501 |
| dewey-search | 501 |
| dewey-sort | 3501 |
| dewey-tens | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| discipline | Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft Allgemeines Medizin |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| isbn | 9781107666726 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Gauch, Hugh G. 1942- Verfasser (DE-588)173518338 aut Scientific method in brief Hugh G. Gauch, Jr. 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2012 XVII, 288 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke Wissenschaft (DE-588)4066562-8 gnd rswk-swf Forschungsmethode (DE-588)4155046-8 gnd rswk-swf Naturwissenschaften (DE-588)4041421-8 gnd rswk-swf Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd rswk-swf Naturwissenschaften (DE-588)4041421-8 s Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 s DE-604 Forschungsmethode (DE-588)4155046-8 s Wissenschaft (DE-588)4066562-8 s http://assets.cambridge.org/97811076/66726/cover/9781107666726.jpg Cover DE-601 pdf/application http://www.gbv.de/dms/bowker/toc/9781107666726.pdf Inhaltsverzeichnis HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025788401&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | Scientific method in brief |
| title_auth | Scientific method in brief |
| title_exact_search | Scientific method in brief |
| title_full | Scientific method in brief Hugh G. Gauch, Jr. |
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| title_short | Scientific method in brief |
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