Illumination engineering: design with nonimaging optics
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Piscataway, N. J. [u.a.]
IEEE Pr. [u.a.]
2013
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXI, 302 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780470911402 |
Internformat
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| 264 | 1 | |a Piscataway, N. J. [u.a.] |b IEEE Pr. [u.a.] |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a XXI, 302 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804150130162532352 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
PREFACE
xiii
CONTRIBUTORS
xvii
GLOSSARY
xix
CHATOU
1
INTRODUCTION AND TERMINOLOGY
1
1.1
What Is Illumination?
і
1.2
A Brief History of Illumination Optics
2
1.3
Units
4
1.3.1 Radiometrie
Quantities
4
1.3.2
Photometric Quantities
6
1.4
Intensity
9
1.5
Illuminance and Irradiance
10
1.6
Luminance and Radiance
11
1.6.1
Lambertian
із
1.6.2 Isotropie 14
1.7
Important Factors in Illumination Design
15
1.7.1
Transfer Efficiency
15
1.7.2
Uniformity of Illumination Distribution
16
1.8
Standard Optics Used in Illumination Engineering
17
1.8.1
Refractive Optics
18
1.8.2
Reflective Optics
20
1.8.3
TIR
Optics
22
1.8.4
Scattering Optics
24
1.8.5
Hybrid Optics
24
1.9
The Process of Illumination System Design
25
1.10
Is Illumination Engineering Hard?
28
1.11
Format for Succeeding Chapters
29
References
зо
CHAPTER
2
ÉTENDUE
___________________________________________________________31
2.1
Étendue
32
2.2
Conservation of
Étendue
зз
2.2.1
Proof of Conservation of Radiance and
Étendue
34
2.2.2
Proof of Conservation of Generalized
Étendue
36
2.2.3
Conservation of
Étendue
from the Laws of Thermodynamics
40
2.3
Other Expressions for
Étendue
41
2.3.1
Radiance, Luminance, and Brightness
41
vii
VIH
CONTENTS
2.3.2
Throughput
42
2.3.3
Extent
43
2.3.4 Lagrange
Invariant
43
2.3.5
Abbe Sine Condition
43
2.3.6
Configuration or Shape Factor
44
2.4
Design Examples Using
Étendue
45
2.4.1
Lambertian, Spatially Uniform Disk Emitter
45
2.4.2 Isotropie,
Spatially Uniform Disk Emitter
48
2.4.3 Isotropie,
Spatially
Nonuniform
Disk Emitter
50
2.4.4
Tubular Emitter
52
2.5
Concentration Ratio
59
2.6
Rotational Skew Invariant
61
2.6.
1 Proof of Skew
Invariance
61
2.6.2
Refined Tubular Emitter Example
63
2.7
Étendue
Discussion
67
References
68
CHAPTER
3
SQUEEZING THE
ÉTENDUE
71
3.
1 Introduction
71
3.2
Étendue
Squeezers versus
Étendue
Rotators
71
3.2.
l
Étendue
Rotating Mappings
74
3.2.2
Étendue
Squeezing Mappings
77
3.3
Introductory Example of
Étendue
Squeezer
79
3.3.1
Increasing the Number of Lenticular Elements
80
3.4
Canonical
Étendue-Squeezing
with Afocal Lenslet Arrays
82
3.4.1
Squeezing a Collimated Beam
82
3.4.2
Other Afocal Designs
83
3.4.3
Étendue-Squeezing
Lenslet Arrays with Other Squeeze-Factors
85
3.5
Application to a Two Freeform Mirror Condenser
88
3.6
Étendue
Squeezing in Optical Manifolds
95
3.7
Conclusions
95
Appendix 3.A Galilean Afocal System
96
Appendix 3.B Keplerian Afocal System
98
References
99
CHAPTER
4
SMS
3D
DESIGN METHOD
101
4.1
Introduction
101
4.2
State of the Art of Freeform Optical Design Methods
101
4.3.
SMS
3D
Statement of the Optical Problem
103
4.4
SMS Chains
104
4.4.1
SMS Chain Generation
105
4.4.2
Conditions
106
4.5
SMS Surfaces
106
4.5.1
SMS Ribs
107
4.5.2
SMS Skinning
ios
4.5.3
Choosing the Seed Rib
109
4.6
Design Examples
109
4.6.1
SMS Design with a Prescribed Seed Rib
110
4.6.2
SMS Design with an SMS Spine as Seed Rib ill
CONTENTS
IX
4.6.3 Design
of a Lens (RR) with Thin Edge
115
4.6.4
Design of an XX Condenser for a Cylindrical Source
117
4.6.5
Freeform XR for Photovoltaics Applications
129
4.6.5.1
The XR Design Procedure
131
4.6.5.2
Results of Ray Tracing Analysis
135
4.7
Conclusions
140
References
144
CHAPTER
5
SOLAR CONCENTRATORS
147
5.1
Concentrated Solar Radiation
147
5.2
Acceptance Angle
148
5.3
Imaging and Nonimaging Concentrators
156
5.4
Limit Case of Infinitesimal
Étendue: Aplanatic
Optics
164
5.5 3D
Miñano-Benitez
Design Method Applied to High Solar Concentration
171
5.6 Köhler
Integration in One Direction
180
5.7 Köhler
Integration in Two Directions
195
5.8
Appendix
5.
A Acceptance Angle of Square Concentrators
201
5.9
Appendix
5.
В
Polychromatic Efficiency
204
Acknowledgments
207
References
207
chapter
6
UGHTPIPE DESIGN
209
6.1
Background and Terminology
209
6.1.1
What is a Lightpipe
209
6.1.2
Lightpipe History
210
6.2
Lightpipe System Elements
211
6.2.1
Source/Coupling
211
6.2.2
Distribution/Transport
211
6.2.3
Delivery/Output
212
6.3
Lightpipe Ray Tracing
212
6.3.1
TIR
212
6.3.2
Ray Propagation
212
6.4
Charting
213
6.5
Bends
214
6.5.1
Bent Lightpipe: Circular Bend
214
6.5.1.1
Setup and Background
214
6.5.2
Bend Index for No Leakage
215
6.5.3
Reflection at the Output Face
216
6.5.4
Reflected Flux for a Specific Bend
217
6.5.5
Loss Because of an Increase in NA
218
6.5.6
Other Bends
219
6.6
Mixing Rods
220
6.6.
1 Overview
220
6.6.2
Why Some Shapes Provide Uniformity
221
6.6.3
Design Factors Influencing Uniformity
223
6.6.3.1
Length
223
6.6.3.2
Solid versus Hollow
223
6.6.3.3
Periodic Distributions
224
6.6.3.4
Coherence
224
X
CONTENTS
6.6.3.5
Angular
Uniformity
224
6.6.3.6
Circular
Mixer with Ripples
225
6.6.4
RGB
LEDs 226
6.6.4.1
RGB
LEDs
with Square Mixers
226
6.6.4.2
RGB
LEDs
with Circular Mixers
227
6.6.5
Tapered Mixers
228
6.6.5.1
Length
229
6.6.5.2
Straight Taper Plus Lens
229
6.6.5.3
Angular Uniformity
231
6.6.5.4
Straight
+ Diffuser +
Taper
232
6.7
Backlights
233
6.7.1
Introduction
233
6.7.2
Backlight Overview
234
6.7.3
Optimization
235
6.7.4
Parameterization
235
6.7.4.1
Vary Number
236
6.7.4.2
Vary Size
236
6.7.5
Peak Density
237
6.7.6
Merit Function
237
6.7.7
Algorithm
238
6.7.8
Examples
239
6.7.8.1
Peaked Target Distribution
239
6.7.8.2
Border Extractors
240
6.7.8.3
Input Surface Texturing
241
6.7.8.4
Variable Depth Extractors
242
6.7.8.5
Inverted
3D
Texture Structure
242
6.7.8.6
Key Pads
244
6.8
Nonuniform Lightpipe
Shapes
245
6.9
Rod
Luminaire
246
Acknowledgments
247
References
247
CHAPTER
7
SAMPLING, OPTIMIZATION, AND TOLERANCING
251
7.1
Introduction
251
7.2
Design Tricks
253
7.2.
1 Monte Carlo Processes
254
7.2.1.1
Monte Carlo Sources
254
7.2.1.2
Monte Carlo Ray Tracing
255
7.2.2
Reverse Ray Tracing
257
7.2.3
Importance Sampling
260
7.2.4
Far-Field Irradiance
263
7.3
Ray Sampling Theory
266
7.3.1
Transfer Efficiency Determination
266
7.3.2
Distribution Determination: Rose Model
268
7.4
Optimization
272
7.4.1
Geometrical Complexity
273
7.4.1.1
CAD Geometry
274
7.4.1.2
Variables and Parameterization
275
7.4.1.3
Object Overlap, Interference, Linking, and Mapping
277
CONTENTS
XI
7.4.2
Merit Function Designation and Calculation
280
7.4.3
Optimization Methods
281
7.4.4
Fractional Optimization with Example: LED Collimator
282
7.5
Tolerancing
289
7.5.1
Types of Errors
290
7.5.2
System Error Sensitivity Analysis: LED Die Position Offset
290
7.5.3
Process Error Case Study: Injection Molding
291
References
297
ÍNDEX
299
A rare and valuable compendium of nonimaging/
illumination optics written by industry experts
Within the past decade, the field of optical design has included the subf ield of illumination
design. Visual illumination systems include displays, lighting, and the illuminator for
photocopiers. Non-visual illumination systems include solar concentrators, optical laser
pump cavities, and a number of optical sensor applications. With a main focus on the
use of nonimaging optics in illumination systems, this informative book introduces a
number of topics that have received little coverage in previously existing literature while
expanding on the fundamental limits.
Illumination Engineering: Design with Nonimaging Optics offers up an overview of the
field of nonimaging and illumination optics and includes terminology, units, definitions,
and descriptions of the optical components used in illumination systems. Editor R. John
Koshel
—
a prominent figure in this field
—
provides material within the theoretical domain,
including
étendue, étendue
squeezing, and the skew invariant while focusing on a growing
number of applications.
Presenting a wealth of material in an increasingly important area, this book provides:
•
Cutting-edge material in the field of nonimaging and illumination optics from
experts within the field
•
A wide number of topics for practicing engineers and scientists to expand
their knowledge into subfields within nonimaging and illumination optics
•
Extensive references that readers can employ to expand upon the
presentations herein
Illumination Engineering: Design with Nonimaging Optics is an ideal source for
practicing illumination engineers and scientists, and graduate-level electrical
engineering/optical engineering students.
R. JOHN KOSHEL, PhD, is an adjunct professor at The University of Arizona Optical
Sciences Center, where he teaches a course on illumination engineering, and a Vice
President of the optical engineering consulting firm Photon Engineering, LLC. He
frequently chairs at
SPIE
and
OSA
conferences and provides tutorials on nonimaging
optics. He is a well-respected figure in the International optical engineering community
and has published numerous papers.
Cover Design: John Wiley
&
Sons, Inc.
Cover Illustrations: Applications in displays, solid-state lighting, and solar energy courtesy of Ft. John Koshel
IEEE PRESS
Subscribe to our free Electrical
Engineering «Newsletter
at
wi ley.com/enewslrtters
ISBN 47fl-D-470-41140-S
90000
|
WILEY
wiley.com
Also available
as
ал
e-book
9
11402
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Koshel, R. John |
| author_GND | (DE-588)140944869 |
| author_facet | Koshel, R. John |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Koshel, R. John |
| author_variant | r j k rj rjk |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV040795096 |
| callnumber-first | T - Technology |
| callnumber-label | TA1520 |
| callnumber-raw | TA1520 |
| callnumber-search | TA1520 |
| callnumber-sort | TA 41520 |
| callnumber-subject | TA - General and Civil Engineering |
| classification_rvk | ZN 8980 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)840413691 (DE-599)BVBBV040795096 |
| dewey-full | 621.36 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 621 - Applied physics |
| dewey-raw | 621.36 |
| dewey-search | 621.36 |
| dewey-sort | 3621.36 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV040795096 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:34:02Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780470911402 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2012020167 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025775316 |
| oclc_num | 840413691 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-83 DE-703 DE-M347 DE-92 |
| owner_facet | DE-83 DE-703 DE-M347 DE-92 |
| physical | XXI, 302 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateSearch | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | IEEE Pr. [u.a.] |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Koshel, R. John Verfasser (DE-588)140944869 aut Illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics R. John Koshel Piscataway, N. J. [u.a.] IEEE Pr. [u.a.] 2013 XXI, 302 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Optical engineering Lighting TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Optics bisacsh Solarzelle (DE-588)4181740-0 gnd rswk-swf Lumineszenzdiode (DE-588)4125154-4 gnd rswk-swf Ray tracing (DE-588)4292517-4 gnd rswk-swf Berechnung (DE-588)4120997-7 gnd rswk-swf Fotovoltaik (DE-588)4121476-6 gnd rswk-swf Lichttechnik (DE-588)4035633-4 gnd rswk-swf Beleuchtung (DE-588)4112704-3 gnd rswk-swf Konzentrator Solartechnik (DE-588)4267934-5 gnd rswk-swf Sonnenenergie (DE-588)4055572-0 gnd rswk-swf Vektorrechnung (DE-588)4062471-7 gnd rswk-swf Lichttechnik (DE-588)4035633-4 s Ray tracing (DE-588)4292517-4 s DE-604 Berechnung (DE-588)4120997-7 s Vektorrechnung (DE-588)4062471-7 s Lumineszenzdiode (DE-588)4125154-4 s Beleuchtung (DE-588)4112704-3 s Fotovoltaik (DE-588)4121476-6 s Sonnenenergie (DE-588)4055572-0 s Solarzelle (DE-588)4181740-0 s Konzentrator Solartechnik (DE-588)4267934-5 s Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025775316&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025775316&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Koshel, R. John Illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics Optical engineering Lighting TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Optics bisacsh Solarzelle (DE-588)4181740-0 gnd Lumineszenzdiode (DE-588)4125154-4 gnd Ray tracing (DE-588)4292517-4 gnd Berechnung (DE-588)4120997-7 gnd Fotovoltaik (DE-588)4121476-6 gnd Lichttechnik (DE-588)4035633-4 gnd Beleuchtung (DE-588)4112704-3 gnd Konzentrator Solartechnik (DE-588)4267934-5 gnd Sonnenenergie (DE-588)4055572-0 gnd Vektorrechnung (DE-588)4062471-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4181740-0 (DE-588)4125154-4 (DE-588)4292517-4 (DE-588)4120997-7 (DE-588)4121476-6 (DE-588)4035633-4 (DE-588)4112704-3 (DE-588)4267934-5 (DE-588)4055572-0 (DE-588)4062471-7 |
| title | Illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics |
| title_auth | Illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics |
| title_exact_search | Illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics |
| title_full | Illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics R. John Koshel |
| title_fullStr | Illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics R. John Koshel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics R. John Koshel |
| title_short | Illumination engineering |
| title_sort | illumination engineering design with nonimaging optics |
| title_sub | design with nonimaging optics |
| topic | Optical engineering Lighting TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Optics bisacsh Solarzelle (DE-588)4181740-0 gnd Lumineszenzdiode (DE-588)4125154-4 gnd Ray tracing (DE-588)4292517-4 gnd Berechnung (DE-588)4120997-7 gnd Fotovoltaik (DE-588)4121476-6 gnd Lichttechnik (DE-588)4035633-4 gnd Beleuchtung (DE-588)4112704-3 gnd Konzentrator Solartechnik (DE-588)4267934-5 gnd Sonnenenergie (DE-588)4055572-0 gnd Vektorrechnung (DE-588)4062471-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Optical engineering Lighting TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Optics Solarzelle Lumineszenzdiode Ray tracing Berechnung Fotovoltaik Lichttechnik Beleuchtung Konzentrator Solartechnik Sonnenenergie Vektorrechnung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025775316&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025775316&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT koshelrjohn illuminationengineeringdesignwithnonimagingoptics |