A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2013
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Studies in computational intelligence
461 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | X, 258 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783642349003 3642349005 |
Internformat
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| 300 | |a X, 258 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 PERCEPTION OF VISION 1
1.2 MOTIVATION 4
1.2.1 WIDE FIELD OF VIEW 6
1.2.2 MOTION DETECTION 6
1.2.3 HIGH SENSITIVITY TO LOW LIGHT INTENSITY 7
1.2.4 POLARIZATION 7
1.3 BOOK ORGANIZATION 8
REFERENCES 10
2 NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL COMPOUND EYE 13
2.1 NATURAL COMPOUND EYE 13
2.1.1 APPOSITION EYE 15
2.1.2 SUPERPOSITION EYE 16
2.2 PROPERTIES OF COMPOUND EYE 18
2.3 POLARIZATION VISION IN COMPOUND EYES 26
2.4 ARTIFICIAL COMPOUND EYE 28
2.4.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATION O F AN ARTIFICIAL COMPOUND EYE 32 2.4.2
DESIGN OF ARTIFICIAL COMPOUND EYE 36
2.5 MICRO-OPTICS DESIGN 37
2.5.1 IMAGE MAPPING AND DISTORTION CORRECTION 4 3
2.6 SUMMARY 4 6
REFERENCES 47
3 DESIGN O F A CMOS IMAGE SENSOR 49
3.1 INTRODUCTION 4 9
3.2 PHOTODETECTOR 51
3.3 BASIC CMOS IMAGE SENSOR ARCHITECTURE 57
3.3.1 PASSIVE PIXEL SENSOR 57
3.3.2 ACTIVE PIXEL SENSOR 58
3.3.3 DIGITAL PIXEL SENSOR 62
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1027026702
IMAGE 2
V I I I CONTENTS
3.4 CMOS IMAGE SENSOR PERFORMANCE 64
3.4.1 QUANTUM EFFICIENCY AND SPECTRAL RESPONSIVITY 64
3.4.2 DYNAMIC RANGE AND SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATION (SNR) 66
3.4.3 PIXEL CONVERSION GAIN 68
3.4.4 DARK CURRENT 68
3.4.5 NOISE IN CMOS IMAGE SENSOR 70
3.5 CMOS IMAGE SENSOR PERIPHERALS 73
3.5.1 ADDRESSING 73
3.5.2 COLUMN PROCESSING CIRCUITS 74
3.5.3 ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION 76
3.6 DESIGNED SENSOR OVERVIEW 78
3.6.1 PIXEL ARCHITECTURE 79
3.6.2 PIXEL OPERATION 81
3.6.3 PIXEL LAYOUT 87
3.6.4 ROW/COLUMN ADDRESSING LOGIC 88
3.6.5 ANALOG SIGNAL CHAIN 91
3.6.6 DIGITAL SIGNAL CHAIN 95
3.7 IMAGE SENSOR CHARACTERIZATION 97
3.7.1 TEST SETUP 98
3.7.2 MEASUREMENTS 99
3.8 SUMMARY 102
REFERENCES 103
4 DESIGN O F A CMOS POLARIZATION SENSOR 105
4.1 POLARIZATION VISION 105
4.2 POLARIZATION O F LIGHT - BASICS 106
4.2.1 POLARIZATION OF LIGHT FROM AN UNPOLARIZED BEAM 108
4.2.2 POLARIZATION O F LIGHT - REPRESENTATION I L L
4.3 POLARIZATION CAMERAS 115
4.4 WIRE-GRID POLARIZER 118
4.4.1 FABRICATION O F WIRE-GRID POLARIZER 122
4.4.2 TRANSMITTANCE EFFICIENCY AND EXTINCTION RATIO OF WIRE-GRID
POLARIZERS 124
4.5 DESIGN OF A POLARIZATION SENSOR 137
4.6 POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS 139
4.6.1 MEASUREMENT SETUP 139
4.6.2 ANALOG POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS 142
4.7 WAVELENGTH SELECTION USING METAL GRID 145
4.8 SUMMARY 152
REFERENCES 154
5 MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION USING CMOS POLARIZATION SENSOR 157
5.1 INTRODUCTION 157
5.2 POLARIZATION AND FRESNEL COEFFICIENTS 159
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS IX
5.2.1 POLARIZATION PROPERTIES O F A REFLECTED LIGHT 160
5.2.2 FRESRIEL REFLECTANCE MODEL 164
5.3 MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION MEASUREMENTS 166
5.3.1 MEASUREMENT SETUP 167
5.3.2 POLARIZATION TRANSMITTANCE 167
5.3.3 MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION USING THE DEGREE O F POLARIZATION 170
5.3.4 MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION USING THE STOKES PARAMETERS 172 5.3.5
MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION LISING POLARIZATION FRESNEL RATIO. . . 174 5.4
METAL CLASSIFICATION 177
5.4.1 METAL CLASSIFICATION USING PFR 179
5.4.2 METAL CLASSIFICATION USING DEGREE O F POLARIZATION 181
5.5 SUMMARY 182
REFERENCES 184
6 NAVIGATION USING CMOS POLARIZATION SENSOR 185
6.1 INTRODUCTION 185
6.2 CELESTIAL COMPASS BASED ON SKYLIGHT POLARIZATION 188
6.3 NAVIGATION USING POLARIZED LIGHT BY INSECTS 191
6.4 NAVIGATION USING POLARIZED LIGHT FOR AUTONOMOUS AGENTS 193 6.5
POLARIZATION BASED COMPASS 197
6.5.1 MEASUREMENT SETUP 197
6.5.2 MEASUREMENT RESULTS 197
6.6 INCOMING LIGHT RAY DIRECTION DETECTION AND SUN POSITION DETECTION
202
6.6.1 MEASUREMENT SETUP 202
6.6.2 MEASUREMENT RESULTS FOR INCOMING LIGHT RAY DIRECTIONS 203
6.7 REAL-TIME IMPLEMENTATION O F NAVIGATION COMPASS 207
6.8 SUMMARY 211
REFERENCES 212
7 MOTION DETECTION AND DIGITAL POLARIZATION 215
7.1 MOTION DETECTION 215
7.1.1 MOTION DETECTION - MODELS 218
7.2 MOTION DETECTION - DIFFERENTIAL IMAGING 220
7.3 MOTION DETECTION - OPTICAL FLOW 223
7.3.1 MOTION IN VERTICAL DIRECTION - COLLISION DETECTION 224
7.3.2 MOTION IN HORIZONTAL DIRECTION 231
7.4 ILLUMINATION INVARIANT AND HIGH DYNAMIC RANGE MOTION DETECTION 233
7.5 DIGITAL POLARIZATION 239
7.6 SUMMARY 242
REFERENCES 243
IMAGE 4
X CONTENTS
8 FUTURE WORKS 247
8.1 FUTURE WORKS 247
8.1.1 WIDE FIELD OF VIEW IMAGING SYSTEM WITH POLARIZATION SENSITIVITY
247
8.1.2 HIGH ANGULAR RESOLUTION IMAGING SYSTEM WITH POLARIZATION
SENSITIVITY 249
REFERENCES 252
SUMMARY 253
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 257 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Sarkar, Mukul Theuwissen, Albert |
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| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Informatik Elektrotechnik Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik |
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| id | DE-604.BV040766183 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-21T00:33:45Z |
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| isbn | 9783642349003 3642349005 |
| language | English |
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| physical | X, 258 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| series | Studies in computational intelligence |
| series2 | Studies in computational intelligence |
| spelling | Sarkar, Mukul Verfasser aut A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor Mukul Sarkar ; Albert Theuwissen Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2013 X, 258 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Studies in computational intelligence 461 CMOS (DE-588)4010319-5 gnd rswk-swf Insekten (DE-588)4027110-9 gnd rswk-swf Visuelles System (DE-588)4134101-6 gnd rswk-swf Bildsensor (DE-588)4495594-7 gnd rswk-swf Polarisiertes Licht (DE-588)4278185-1 gnd rswk-swf Bildsensor (DE-588)4495594-7 s CMOS (DE-588)4010319-5 s Polarisiertes Licht (DE-588)4278185-1 s Visuelles System (DE-588)4134101-6 s Insekten (DE-588)4027110-9 s DE-604 Theuwissen, Albert Verfasser aut Studies in computational intelligence 461 (DE-604)BV020822171 461 X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=4164532&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025744669&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Sarkar, Mukul Theuwissen, Albert A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor Studies in computational intelligence CMOS (DE-588)4010319-5 gnd Insekten (DE-588)4027110-9 gnd Visuelles System (DE-588)4134101-6 gnd Bildsensor (DE-588)4495594-7 gnd Polarisiertes Licht (DE-588)4278185-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4010319-5 (DE-588)4027110-9 (DE-588)4134101-6 (DE-588)4495594-7 (DE-588)4278185-1 |
| title | A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor |
| title_auth | A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor |
| title_exact_search | A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor |
| title_full | A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor Mukul Sarkar ; Albert Theuwissen |
| title_fullStr | A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor Mukul Sarkar ; Albert Theuwissen |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor Mukul Sarkar ; Albert Theuwissen |
| title_short | A Biologically inspired CMOS Image Sensor |
| title_sort | a biologically inspired cmos image sensor |
| topic | CMOS (DE-588)4010319-5 gnd Insekten (DE-588)4027110-9 gnd Visuelles System (DE-588)4134101-6 gnd Bildsensor (DE-588)4495594-7 gnd Polarisiertes Licht (DE-588)4278185-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | CMOS Insekten Visuelles System Bildsensor Polarisiertes Licht |
| url | http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=4164532&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025744669&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV020822171 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sarkarmukul abiologicallyinspiredcmosimagesensor AT theuwissenalbert abiologicallyinspiredcmosimagesensor |