Verfügbarkeit: Understanding automotive electronics

Understanding automotive electronics: an engineering perspective

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Ribbens, William B. (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier 2013 Waltham, Mass. Butterworth-Heinemann
Ausgabe:	7. ed.
Schlagworte:	Automobiles > Electronic equipment Kraftfahrzeugelektronik
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	XVI, 599 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9780080970974

Internformat

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Titel: Understanding automotive electronics Autor: Ribbens, William B Jahr: 2013 Contents Preface..........................................................................................................xiii Introduction....................................................................................................... Chapter 1: The Systems Approach to Control and Instrumentation........................1 Chapter Overview.......................................................................................................1 Concept of a System...................................................................................................2 Block Diagram Representation of a System..........................................................3 Analog (Continuous Time) Systems.......................................................................5 Linear System Theory: Continuous Time..................................................................5 First-Order System..................................................................................................9 Second-Order System...........................................................................................11 Steady-State Sinusoidal Frequency Response of a System.....................................16 State Variable Formulation of Models.....................................................................17 Control Theory..........................................................................................................20 Open-Loop Control...............................................................................................20 Closed-Loop Control ............................................................................................21 Stability of Control System......................................................................................28 Root-Locus Techniques ........................................................................................29 Robustness of Control-System Stability...............................................................31 Closed-Loop Limit-Cycle Control............................................................................34 Instrumentation.........................................................................................................35 Measurement.........................................................................................................36 Issues.....................................................................................................................36 Systematic Errors..................................................................................................37 Basic Measurement System......................................................................................39 Sensor....................................................................................................................40 Random Errors......................................................................................................42 Signal Processing..................................................................................................45 Filtering.....................................................................................................................45 Filter-Design Techniques......................................................................................46 v vi Contents Chapter 2: Discrete Time Systems Theory.........................................................51 Digital Subsystem.....................................................................................................55 Sinusoidal Frequency Response...............................................................................56 Discrete Time Control System.................................................................................63 Closed Loop Control.................................................................................................68 Example Discrete Time Control System..................................................................72 Summary...................................................................................................................77 Chapter 3: Electronics Fundamentals................................................................79 Semiconductor Devices ............................................................................................80 Diodes...................................................................................................................83 Rectifier Circuit.....................................................................................................85 Transistors.................................................................................................................87 Field-Effect Transistors.........................................................................................96 Integrated Circuits.....................................................................................................99 Operational Amplifiers ...........................................................................................100 Use of Feedback in Op Amps................................................................................101 Summing Mode Amplifier..................................................................................103 Phase-Locked Loop ................................................................................................104 Sample and Zero-Order Hold Circuits...............................................................106 Digital Circuits........................................................................................................Ill Binary Number System...........................................................................................113 Logic Circuits (Combinatorial)..............................................................................114 NOT Gate............................................................................................................114 AND Gate...........................................................................................................115 OR Gate..............................................................................................................117 Combination Logic Circuits...............................................................................117 Logic Circuits with Memory (Sequential).............................................................119 R—S Flip-Flop.....................................................................................................119 JK Flip-Flop........................................................................................................119 Synchronous Counter..............................................................................................120 Register Circuits..................................................................................................121 Shift Register......................................................................................................122 Integrated Circuits...................................................................................................124 The Microprocessor................................................................................................124 Chapter 4: Microcomputer Instrumentation and Control...................................127 Microcomputer Fundamentals................................................................................128 Digital versus Analog Computers......................................................................128 Contents vii Parts of a Computer............................................................................................129 Microcomputers versus Mainframe Computers.................................................130 Programs .............................................................................................................130 Microcomputer Tasks..............................................................................................131 Microcomputer Operations.....................................................................................132 Buses...................................................................................................................132 Memory Read/Write ...........................................................................................133 Timing.................................................................................................................134 Addressing Peripherals .......................................................................................135 CPU Registers.........................................................................................................135 Accumulator Register.........................................................................................136 Condition Code Register.....................................................................................136 Microprocessor Architecture ..............................................................................138 Reading Instructions...............................................................................................140 Initialization........................................................................................................141 Operation Codes..................................................................................................141 Program Counter.................................................................................................142 Branch Instruction...............................................................................................143 Jump Instmction..................................................................................................144 Jump-to-Subroutine Instruction..........................................................................144 Example Use of a Microcomputer.........................................................................147 Buffer..................................................................................................................147 Programming Languages........................................................................................148 Assembly Language............................................................................................148 Logic Functions..................................................................................................150 Shift.....................................................................................................................150 Programming the AND Function.......................................................................152 Masking...............................................................................................................153 Shift and AND....................................................................................................153 Use of Subroutines..............................................................................................153 Microcomputer Hardware.......................................................................................154 Central Processing Unit......................................................................................154 Memory : ROM....................................................................................................155 Memory: RAM....................................................................................................156 I/O Parallel Interface ..........................................................................................156 Digital-to-Analog Converter...............................................................................156 Analog-to-Digital Converter...............................................................................159 Sampling .............................................................................................................162 Polling.................................................................................................................162 viii Contents Interrupts.............................................................................................................163 Vectored Interrupts..............................................................................................163 Microcomputer Applications in Automotive Systems...........................................164 Instrumentation Applications of Microcomputers .................................................166 Digital Filters......................................................................................................168 Microcomputers in Control Systems......................................................................170 Closed-Loop Control System.............................................................................171 Limit-Cycle Controller.......................................................................................171 Feedback Control Systems.................................................................................171 Table Lookup......................................................................................................173 Multivariate and Multiple Task Systems..........................................................175 Chapter 5: The Basics of Electronic Engine Control..........................................177 Motivation for Electronic Engine Control .............................................................178 Exhaust Emissions..................................................................................................178 Fuel Economy.........................................................................................................179 Federal Government Test Procedures.....................................................................180 Fuel Economy Requirements..............................................................................181 Meeting the Requirements..................................................................................183 The Role of Electronics......................................................................................184 Concept of an Electronic Engine Control System.................................................184 Inputs to Controller.............................................................................................187 Output from Controller.......................................................................................188 Definition of Engine Performance Terms...............................................................193 Torque.................................................................................................................193 Power...................................................................................................................196 Fuel Consumption...............................................................................................198 Engine Overall Efficiency...................................................................................200 Calibration...........................................................................................................201 Engine Mapping..................................................................................................201 Effect of Air/Fuel Ratio on Performance...........................................................202 Effect of Spark Timing on Performance............................................................203 Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Performance.......................................204 Exhaust Catalytic Converters .................................................................................206 Oxidizing Catalytic Converter............................................................................206 The Three-Way Catalyst.....................................................................................207 Electronic Fuel-Control System.............................................................................209 Engine Control Sequence...................................................................................212 Open-Loop Control.............................................................................................213 Contents ix Closed-Loop Control ..........................................................................................213 Closed-Loop Operation.......................................................................................215 Analysis of Intake Manifold Pressure....................................................................219 Measuring Air Mass ...........................................................................................220 Influence of Valve System on Volumetric Efficiency........................................223 Idle Speed Control..................................................................................................224 Electronic Ignition..................................................................................................230 Chapter 6: Sensors and Actuators..................................................................233 Automotive Control System Applications of Sensors and Actuators....................234 Variables to be Measured....................................................................................236 Airflow Rate Sensor............................................................................................236 Pressure Measurements.......................................................................................242 Engine Crankshaft Angular Position Sensor......................................................245 Magnetic Reluctance Position Sensor................................................................247 Hall-Effect Position Sensor................................................................................259 Optical Crankshaft Position Sensor....................................................................263 Throttle Angle Sensor.............................................................................................265 Temperature Sensors...............................................................................................268 Typical Coolant Sensor...........................................................................................268 Sensors for Feedback Control................................................................................270 Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor...............................................................................270 Oxygen Sensor Improvements............................................................................274 Knock Sensors ........................................................................................................276 Automotive Engine Control Actuators...................................................................279 Fuel Injection......................................................................................................284 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Actuator..................................................................286 Variable Valve Timing............................................................................................288 VVP Mechanism Model .....................................................................................290 Electric Motor Actuators........................................................................................292 Brushless DC Motors..........................................................................................301 Stepper Motors....................................................................................................304 Ignition System.......................................................................................................304 Ignition Coil Operations.....................................................................................305 Chapter 7: Digital Powertrain Control Systems ...............................................309 Introduction.............................................................................................................310 Digital Engine Control............................................................................................310 Digital Engine Control Features.............................................................................312 x Contents Control Modes for Fuel Control.............................................................................316 Engine Start.........................................................................................................317 Open-Loop Mode................................................................................................317 Acceleration/Deceleration...................................................................................317 Engine Crank......................................................................................................319 Engine Warm-Up................................................................................................320 Open-Loop Control.............................................................................................322 Closed-Loop Control..........................................................................................323 Acceleration Enrichment....................................................................................328 Deceleration Leaning..........................................................................................328 Idle Speed Control..............................................................................................329 Discrete Time Idle Speed Control..........................................................................329 EGR Control...........................................................................................................335 Variable Valve Timing Control...............................................................................337 Electronic Ignition Control.....................................................................................343 Closed-Loop Ignition Timing.............................................................................347 Spark Advance Correction Scheme....................................................................353 Integrated Engine Control System..........................................................................354 Secondary Air Management...............................................................................354 Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge...............................................................355 Automatic System Adjustment...........................................................................356 System Diagnosis................................................................................................356 Summary of Control Modes...................................................................................357 Engine Crank (Start)...........................................................................................357 Engine Warm-Up................................................................................................357 Open-Loop Control.............................................................................................357 Closed-Loop Control ..........................................................................................358 Hard Acceleration...............................................................................................358 Deceleration and Idle..........................................................................................359 Automatic Transmission Control........................................................................359 Torque Converter Lock-Up Control...................................................................366 Differential and Traction Control.......................................................................366 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Powertrain Control......................................................368 Chapter 8: Vehicle-Motion Controls................................................................381 Representative Cruise Control System...................................................................382 Digital Cruise Control ........................................................................................390 Hardware Implementation Issues.......................................................................394 Throttle Actuator.................................................................................................396 Cruise Control Electronics......................................................................................400 Contents xi Stepper Motor-based Actuator Electronics ........................................................401 Vacuum-Operated Actuator................................................................................403 Advanced Cruise Control ...................................................................................406 Antilock Braking System........................................................................................410 Tire-Slip Controller.............................................................................................420 Electronic Suspension System................................................................................420 Variable Damping via Variable Stmt Fluid Viscosity........................................442 Variable Spring Rate...........................................................................................443 Electronic Suspension Control System..............................................................444 Electronic Steering Control....................................................................................446 Four-Wheel Steering...............................................................................................449 Summary.................................................................................................................457 Chapter 9: Automotive Instrumentation and Telematics....................................459 Modem Automotive Instrumentation.....................................................................460 Input and Output Signal Conversion......................................................................463 Multiplexing........................................................................................................465 Multirate Sampling .............................................................................................468 Advantages of Computer-Based Instrumentation ..................................................469 Display Devices......................................................................................................470 LED.....................................................................................................................474 LCD.....................................................................................................................476 Transmissive LCD ..............................................................................................480 VFD.....................................................................................................................480 Flat Panel Display...................................................................................................483 Fuel Quantity Measurement...................................................................................491 Coolant Temperature Measurement........................................................................497 Oil Pressure Measurement......................................................................................498 Vehicle Speed Measurement...................................................................................500 High-Speed Digital Communications (CAN) ........................................................502 CAN Network.....................................................................................................504 Trip Information Computer....................................................................................507 Telematics...............................................................................................................510 GPS Navigation ......................................................................................................511 The GPS System Structure.....................................................................................516 Automotive Diagnostics..........................................................................................519 Chapter 10: Diagnostics and Occupant Protection............................................521 Electronic Control System Diagnostics..................................................................522 xii Contents Service Bay Diagnostic Tool..................................................................................524 Onboard Diagnostics...............................................................................................525 Model-Based Sensor Failure Detection..................................................................526 Diagnostic Fault Codes...........................................................................................529 Onboard Diagnosis (OBD II) .................................................................................543 Model-Based Misfire Detection System.................................................................544 Expert Systems in Automotive Diagnosis..............................................................555 Occupant Protection Systems.................................................................................561 Glossary.......................................................................................................569 Quiz questions..............................................................................................573 Index...........................................................................................................589
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spelling	Ribbens, William B. Verfasser aut Understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective William B. Ribbens 7. ed. Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier 2013 Waltham, Mass. Butterworth-Heinemann XVI, 599 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Automobiles Electronic equipment Kraftfahrzeugelektronik (DE-588)4191569-0 gnd rswk-swf Kraftfahrzeugelektronik (DE-588)4191569-0 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025689556&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Ribbens, William B. Understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective Automobiles Electronic equipment Kraftfahrzeugelektronik (DE-588)4191569-0 gnd
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title	Understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective
title_auth	Understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective
title_exact_search	Understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective
title_full	Understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective William B. Ribbens
title_fullStr	Understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective William B. Ribbens
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective William B. Ribbens
title_short	Understanding automotive electronics
title_sort	understanding automotive electronics an engineering perspective
title_sub	an engineering perspective
topic	Automobiles Electronic equipment Kraftfahrzeugelektronik (DE-588)4191569-0 gnd
topic_facet	Automobiles Electronic equipment Kraftfahrzeugelektronik
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025689556&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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